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11 results on '"Ken Carlson"'

1. Organics and inorganics in flow back and produced water from shale gas operations: treatment and identification of glycols using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Author

Seongyun Kim, Pinar Omur-Ozbek, Ken Carlson, Sangchul Lee, Eun-Sik Kim, Min-Jin Hwang, Ji-Hee Son, and Woochul Kang

Subjects
flow back/produced water, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, glycol identification, hydraulic fracturing, organic compounds, wastewater treatment, Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, TD201-500
Abstract

This study investigated the efficiency of different water treatment processes in reducing propylene glycol (PG), ethylene glycol (EG), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGME), and other water quality parameters in flow back/produced water from a shale gas well operation. EG, PG, and EGME are the most widely used chemicals in hydraulic fracturing; however, limited investigations on these chemicals have been performed to date. Granular activated carbon (GAC) removed PG and EG to acceptable drinking water levels. Electrocoagulation was effective at decreasing turbidity (85%) as well as total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) (80%), while ultrafiltration removed 90% of the turbidity and TPH. GAC further removed approximately 95% of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX), total organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and glycols but only removed 16% of total dissolved solids (TDS). Reverse osmosis removed approximately 90% of TDS (2,550 mg/L); however, this level remained high for certain purposes. Although some water quality parameters remained above the reusability threshold for most purposes, the treated water could be used on tolerant plants and permeable soils. In-depth knowledge and understanding of flow back/produced water quality characteristics, pre and post water treatment processes, can improve water treatment process strategies, reduce wastewater discharge, and improve treated water's reusability. HIGHLIGHTS Glycols in flow back from a shale gas well were measured via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.; The efficiency of different produced water treatment processes was assessed.; Glycols and other water quality parameters were compared before/after each treatment.; Water quality parameters remained above the reusability threshold.; The treated water reached a level where it could be reused on tolerant plants and permeable soils;

Published
2023
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4. Mathematical modeling of two-phase media heat transfer coefficient in air cooled condenser systems

Author

Nislan Khandy, Osvaldo Fidel García Morales, Oscar Miguel Cruz Fonticiella, Ken Carlson, and Yanán Camaraza Medina

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Materials science, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Phase (matter), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Heat transfer coefficient, Condensed Matter Physics, Condenser (heat transfer)
Published
2018

5. An integrated methodology for surface mount PCB configuration

Author

Richard Kurschner, Zhongkai Xu, Sabah U. Randhawa, and Ken Carlson

Subjects
Reduction (complexity), Surface (mathematics), Printed circuit board, Engineering, General Computer Science, business.industry, Embedded system, General Engineering, Scheduling (production processes), business, Computer hardware, Mount
Abstract

An integrated methodology for surface mount printed circuit board assembly configuration is described. The methodology involves component-to-feeder assignment, feeder bay distribution among components, board family formation, and machine program generation. Applications result in significant reduction in setup times and in planning and scheduling times.

Published
1998

6. AN INTEGRATED METHODOLOGY FOR SURFACE MOUNT PCB CONFIGURATION

Author

Zhongkai Xu, Sabah U. Randhawa, Ken Carlson, Richard Kurschner, and Yu-An Li

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Surface-mount technology, Engineering, business.industry, Real-time computing, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Assembly machine, Mount, Reduction (complexity), Printed circuit board, Integer programming model, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Integer programming, Computer hardware
Abstract

This paper develops an integrated methodology for surface mount printed circuit board (PCB) assembly machine configuration. The methodology involves feeder bay distribution among components, component-to-feeder assignment, and machine program generation. Benefit-cost analysis and board family grouping are used to divide the surface mount machine carrier into three distinct bays: fixed, semi-fixed, and configurable. An integer programming model is then formulated for component-to-feeder assignment. A heuristic algorithm is developed to solve the integer programming model. Application of the methodology results in significant reduction in machine setup times and improvement in operational performance for a complex surface mount system.

Published
1998

7. Natural Gas and the Transformation of the U.S. Energy Sector: Electricity

Author

Jordan Macknick, William E Boyd, Ken Carlson, Elizabeth Paranhos, Jeffrey Logan, and Garvin Heath

Subjects
Hydraulic fracturing, Waste management, Natural gas, business.industry, Natural resource economics, Greenhouse gas, Environmental science, Harmonization, Electricity, Unconventional oil, business, Energy analysis, Variety (cybernetics)
Abstract

The Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis (JISEA) designed this study to address four related key questions, which are a subset of the wider dialogue on natural gas: 1. What are the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with shale gas compared to conventional natural gas and other fuels used to generate electricity?; 2. What are the existing legal and regulatory frameworks governing unconventional gas development at federal, state, and local levels, and how are they changing in response to the rapid industry growth and public concerns?; 3. How are natural gas production companies changing their water-related practices?; and 4. How might demand for natural gas in the electric sector respond to a variety of policy and technology developments over the next 20 to 40 years?

Published
2012

9. Spatial distribution of visible coherent harmonics generated by the Mark III FEL

Author

Wunshain Fann, John M. J. Madey, and Ken Carlson

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optics, Simple (abstract algebra), business.industry, Harmonics, High harmonic generation, High order, business, Spatial distribution, Instrumentation
Abstract

We report measurements of the spatial distributions of the high order harmonics generated by the Mark III FEL [1] operating at 3.2 μm. A simple charged disk model appears adequate to describe the generation of the odd-order harmonics.

Published
1988

10. Separation of Protein Crystals from Spores of Bacillus thuringiensis by Ludox Gradient Centrifugation

Author

Allan Brookes, Ken Carlson, Yu Sheng Zhu, and Philip Filner

Subjects
Gel electrophoresis, Chromatography, Bacillaceae, Ecology, Biology, Gradient centrifugation, biology.organism_classification, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bacillales, Spore, Microbiology, Bacillus thuringiensis, Methods, Centrifugation, Protein crystallization, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

A method is described for the purification of Bacillus thuringiensis protein crystals by Ludox gradient centrifugation. This method is simple, inexpensive, fast, and efficient compared with other techniques. It has been successfully used to purify and characterize the protein crystals from several B. thuringiensis strains.

Published
1989

11. Letters

Author

Jean D. Grambs and Ken Carlson

Subjects
Sociology and Political Science, Education
Published
1989

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