34 results on '"Ken Gee"'
Search Results
2. A multi-level parallelization concept for high-fidelity multi-block solvers.
- Author
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Ferhat F. Hatay, Dennis C. Jespersen, Guru P. Guruswamy, Yehia M. Rizk, Chansup Byun, and Ken Gee
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Monitoring the effects of land use/landcover changes on urban heat island
- Author
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Latifur Rahman Sarker and Ong Ken Gee
- Subjects
Hydrology ,education.field_of_study ,Geography ,Land reclamation ,Land use ,Urban climate ,Urbanization ,Population ,Land cover ,Physical geography ,Urban heat island ,education ,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - Abstract
Urban heat island effects are well known nowadays and observed in cities throughout the World. The main reason behind the effects of urban heat island (UHI) is the transformation of land use/ land cover, and this transformation is associated with UHI through different actions: i) removal of vegetated areas, ii) land reclamation from sea/river, iii) construction of new building as well as other concrete structures, and iv) industrial and domestic activity. In rapidly developing cities, urban heat island effects increases very hastily with the transformation of vegetated/ other types of areas into urban surface because of the increasing population as well as for economical activities. In this research the effect of land use/ land cover on urban heat island was investigated in two growing cities in Asia i.e. Singapore and Johor Bahru, (Malaysia) using 10 years data (from 1997 to 2010) from Landsat TM/ETM+. Multispectral visible band along with indices such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Build Index (NDBI), and Normalized Difference Bareness Index (NDBaI) were used for the classification of major land use/land cover types using Maximum Likelihood Classifiers. On the other hand, land surface temperature (LST) was estimated from thermal image using Land Surface Temperature algorithm. Emissivity correction was applied to the LST map using the emissivity values from the major land use/ land cover types, and validation of the UHI map was carried out using in situ data. Results of this research indicate that there is a strong relationship between the land use/land cover changes and UHI. Over this 10 years period, significant percentage of non-urban surface was decreased but urban heat surface was increased because of the rapid urbanization. With the increase of UHI effect it is expected that local urban climate has been modified and some heat related health problem has been exposed, so appropriate measure should be taken in order to reduce UHI effects as soon as possible.
- Published
- 2013
4. Launch vehicle debris models and crew vehicle ascent abort risk
- Author
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Scott L. Lawrence and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Drop tank ,Crew ,Ballistics ,Space Shuttle ,Space Launch System ,Aerospace engineering ,business ,Debris ,Space launch ,Ballistic coefficient - Abstract
In the event of a launch vehicle failure during ascent, a manned space launch system requires an ascent launch abort system that will be able to separate the crew module from the launch vehicle and return the crew safely to earth. One measure of the effectiveness and reliability of the launch abort system is its ability to reduce the risk of loss of crew from the failure environments, such as blast overpressure and debris strikes from an exploding launch vehicle, resulting from the launch vehicle failure scenario. Physics-based models are used to assess the evolution of, and risks presented by, the failure environments. In the case of debris strikes, the probability of the crew module being hit by at least one piece of debris is computed by modeling the evolution of the debris field over time and determining its relative position to the crew module. The characteristics of the debris field, including the number of pieces, the mass and reference area of each piece, the imparted velocity magnitude and direction and the ballistic coefficient, are defined by a debris catalog. A model has been created to generate a debris catalog using a combination of empirical- and physics-based models. The debris catalog model accounts for design features of the launch vehicle and the failure mechanisms involved in determining the number of pieces and imparted velocity. The model results are compared with a published catalog for the Space Shuttle external tank. The sensitivity of the risk prediction to the number of pieces and the imparted velocities are studied. The debris catalog generation model provides an additional tool in the risk assessment of ascent aborts for manned launch systems.
- Published
- 2013
5. Launch vehicle debris models and crew vehicle ascent abort risk
- Author
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Ken Gee and Lawrence, S. L.
- Abstract
n/a
- Published
- 2013
6. Computation of F/A-18 tail buffet
- Author
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Ken Gee, Lewis B. Schiff, and Scott M. Murman
- Subjects
Engineering ,Computer simulation ,Angle of attack ,business.industry ,Computation ,Aerospace Engineering ,Leading-edge extension ,Mechanics ,Aerodynamics ,Structural engineering ,Aeroelasticity ,Pressure coefficient ,Bending moment ,business - Published
- 1996
7. Analysis of tangential slot blowing on F/A-18 isolated forebody
- Author
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Lewis B. Schiff, Ken Gee, and Yehia M. Rizk
- Subjects
Physics ,Jet (fluid) ,Steady state ,business.industry ,Aerospace Engineering ,Mechanics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,symbols.namesake ,Mach number ,Fuselage ,Moment (physics) ,symbols ,business ,Transonic ,Freestream ,Simulation - Abstract
The generation of significant side forces and yawing moments on an F/A-18 fuselage through tangential slot blowing is analyzed using computational fluid dynamics. The effects of freestream Mach number, jet exit conditions, jet length, and jet location are studied. The effects of over- and underblowing on force and moment production are analyzed. Non-time-accurate solutions are obtained to determine the steady-state side forces, yawing moments, and surface pressure distributions generated by tangential slot blowing. Time-accurate solutions are obtained to study the force onset time lag of tangential slot blowing. Comparison with available experimental data from full-scale wind-tunnel and subscale wind-tunnel tests are made. This computational analysis complements the experimental results and provides a detailed understanding of the effects of tangential slot blowing on the flowfield about the isolated F/A-18 forebody. Additionally, it extends the slot-blowing database to transonic maneuvering Mach numbers.
- Published
- 1995
8. Forebody tangential slot blowing on an aircraft geometry
- Author
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Yehia M. Rizk, Lewis B. Schiff, and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Engineering ,Wing ,business.product_category ,business.industry ,Angle of attack ,Mass flow ,Aerospace Engineering ,Geometry ,Flight test ,Airplane ,Vortex ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Fuselage ,Mass flow rate ,business - Abstract
The effect of forebody tangential slot blowing on the flowfield about an F/A-18 aircraft is investigated numerically using solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations. Computed solutions are obtained for an aircraft geometry which includes the fuselage, a wing with deflected leading-edge flap, empennage, and a faired-over engine inlet. The computational slot geometry corresponds to that used in full-scale wind-tunnel tests. Solutions are computed using flight test conditions and jet mass flow ratios equivalent to wind-tunnel test conditions. The effect of slot location is analyzed by computing two nontime-accurate solutions with a 16-in. slot located 3 in. and 11 in. aft of the nose of the aircraft. These computations resolve the trends observed in the full-scale wind-tunnel test data. The flow aft of the leading-edge extension vortex burst is unsteady. A time-accurate solution is obtained to investigate the flow characteristics aft of the vortex burst, including the effect of blowing on tail buffet.
- Published
- 1994
9. Computational Investigation of a Pneumatic Forebody Flow Control Concept
- Author
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D. A. Tavella, Lewis B. Schiff, and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Engineering ,Flow control (fluid) ,Angle of attack ,business.industry ,Flow distribution ,Aerospace Engineering ,Mechanics ,Aerospace engineering ,Pneumatic flow control ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Baldwin–Lomax model ,business ,Actuator - Abstract
The effectiveness of a tangential slot blowing concept for generating lateral control forces on an aircraft forebody is analyzed using computational fluid dynamics. The flow about a fighter forebody is computed using a multiple-zone, thin-layer Navier-Stokes code. Tangential slot blowing is modeled by the use of an actuator plane. The effects of slot location and slot length on the efficiency of the system are analyzed. Results of the study indicate that placement of the slot near the nose of the aircraft greatly enhances the efficiency of the system, while the length and circumferential location of the slot are of secondary importance. Efficiency is defined by the amount of side force or yawing moment obtained per unit blowing coefficient. The effect of sideslip on the system is also analyzed. The system is able to generate incremental changes in forces and moments in flows with sideslip angles up to 10 deg comparable to those obtained at zero sideslip. These results are used to determine a baseline configuration for an experimental study of the tangential slot blowing concept.
- Published
- 1993
10. Intermediate failure states in simulation-based launch vehicle risk study
- Author
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Scott L. Lawrence, Ken Gee, Ted A. Manning, and Hamed S. Nejad
- Subjects
Risk analysis ,Engineering ,business.industry ,Event (computing) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Crew ,Fidelity ,Phase (combat) ,Space launch ,Reliability engineering ,business ,Risk assessment ,Risk management ,media_common - Abstract
A framework for representing intermediate failure states in an assessment of abort risk during the ascent phase of a crewed space launch vehicle mission is presented. The framework refines a previously established, simulation-based risk assessment approach (Ref. 1) by improving the characterization of vehicle failure prior to the onset of final, potentially catastrophic “loss of crew” (LOC) hazards through the introduction of system-level “loss of mission” (LOM) failure states, or “LOM environments.” The intermediate failure state framework is found to improve the risk analysis with respect to both risk model fidelity and risk model management. While LOM environments primarily provide an incremental point of reference for failure evolution modeling and refinement, they also serve to consolidate the risk analysis in late failure evolution and thereby reduce overall analysis effort. Ultimately, the logical boundary in failure event sequences formed by LOM environments is found to effectively delineate areas of failure analysis responsibility between the teams that provide inputs to the risk assessment, and furthermore, define the data interface between those teams. The merits of this framework are illustrated in a case study concerning the treatment of upper stage liquid fuel engine failures.
- Published
- 2010
11. Unsteady Simulation of Viscous Flowfield Around F-18 Aircraft at Large Incidence
- Author
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Yehia M. Rizk and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Physics ,Angle of attack ,business.industry ,Turbulence ,Aerospace Engineering ,Flight control surfaces ,Mechanics ,Stokes flow ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Vortex ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Hele-Shaw flow ,Aerospace engineering ,Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations ,business - Abstract
This article describes the numerical simulation of the unsteady viscous flow around the F-18 aircraft at high angles of attack. A generalized overset zonal grid scheme is used to decompose the computational space around the complete aircraft, included deflected control surfaces. The grids around various components of the aircraft are created numerically using a three-dimensional hyperbolic grid generation procedure. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are integrated using a time-accurate, implicit procedure. Results for the turbulent flow around the F-18 aircraft at 30 deg angle of attack show the details of the flowfleld structure, including the unsteadiness created by the vortex burst and the resulting fluctuating airloads exerted on the vertical tail. The computed results agree fairly well with flight data for surface pressure, surface flow pattern, vortex burst location, and the dominant frequency for tail load fluctuations.
- Published
- 1992
12. Turbulence model effects on separated flow about a prolate spheroid
- Author
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Ken Gee, Russell M. Cummings, and Lewis B. Schiff
- Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Physics ,Flow separation ,Flow (mathematics) ,Flow velocity ,Turbulence ,K-epsilon turbulence model ,Aerospace Engineering ,Geometry ,Mechanics ,Boundary layer thickness ,Baldwin–Lomax model ,Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations - Abstract
The three-dimensional separated flow about a prolate spheroid at high incidence is numerically investigated using the F3D thin-layer Navier-Stokes code. The effect of different turbulence models on the flowfield solution and the characteristics of the predicted flow are analyzed. The models used in this study are the Baldvvin-Lomax algebraic model, the Baldvvin-Lomax model as modified for crossflow separation by Degani and Schiff, and a modified version of the Johnson-King model with and without the Degani-Schiff crossflow modifications applied. The Johnson-King model is applied to assess the importance of modeling nonequilibrium effects in predicting flow about a slender body at high incidence. The computations are made for steady-state, fully turbulent flow. The results are compared with experimental pressure data and with computational results obtained by Panaras and Steger, using the identical code and grid, but with their own modifications to the Baldwin-Lomax model. In addition, the computed solutions are analyzed using surface flow patterns, helicity density contours, and turbulent eddy-viscosity profiles. The results of this analysis provide insight into the effects of the turbulence models on flow characteristics and demonstrate the effect of the models on the accurate prediction of highly separated and vortical flows about a slender body.
- Published
- 1992
13. Assessment of launch vehicle debris risk during ascent aborts
- Author
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Donovan Mathias and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Abort ,Trajectory ,Crew ,Space Launch System ,Thrust ,Launch vehicle ,Aerospace engineering ,business ,Debris ,Space launch - Abstract
In the event of a space launch vehicle explosion during ascent, the debris field generated by the explosion poses a risk to the crew. To evaluate this risk, a model of the debris environment was created and used to determine the probability of a debris strike on the crew module. The model uses experimental data to determine the initial debris field due to a launch vehicle explosion and computes the trajectory of each piece of debris. The trajectory of the crew module after the abort is also computed. The relative position of the debris field and the crew module is determined as a function of time after abort and explosion. A debris flux about the crew module is computed based on this information. The debris flux is used to compute the probability of a debris strike on the crew module using the Poisson distribution. The effect of system and model parameters - such as warning time, the number of debris pieces and abort system thrust- on the debris strike probability is assessed.
- Published
- 2008
14. Simulation assisted risk assessment applied to launch vehicle conceptual design
- Author
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Scott L. Lawrence, Ken Gee, Donovan Mathias, and Susie Go
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Reliability (computer networking) ,education ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Crew ,Space exploration ,Reliability engineering ,Conceptual design ,Robustness (computer science) ,Design process ,Risk assessment ,business ,Simulation ,Risk management - Abstract
A simulation-based risk assessment approach is presented and is applied to the analysis of abort during the ascent phase of a space exploration mission. The approach utilizes groupings of launch vehicle failures, referred to as failure bins, which are mapped to corresponding failure environments. Physical models are used to characterize the failure environments in terms of the risk due to blast overpressure, resulting debris field, and the thermal radiation due to a fireball. The resulting risk to the crew is dynamically modeled by combining the likelihood of each failure, the severity of the failure environments as a function of initiator and time of the failure, the robustness of the crew module, and the warning time available due to early detection. The approach is shown to support the launch vehicle design process by characterizing the risk drivers and identifying regions where failure detection would significantly reduce the risk to the crew.
- Published
- 2008
15. Simulation-Assisted Risk Assessment
- Author
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Terry L. Holst, Scott L. Lawrence, Goetz H. Klopfer, Donovan Mathias, Michael E. Olsen, Shishir A. Pandya, Ken Gee, and Jeffrey Onufer
- Subjects
Risk analysis ,Engineering ,Explosive material ,Probabilistic risk assessment ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Crew ,Fidelity ,Reliability engineering ,Modeling and simulation ,Launch escape system ,business ,Risk assessment ,Simulation ,media_common - Abstract
A probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) approach has been developed and applied to the risk analysis of capsule abort during ascent. The PRA is used to assist in the identification of modeling and simulation applications that can significantly impact the understanding of crew risk during this potentially dangerous maneuver. The PRA approach is also being used to identify the appropriate level of fidelity for the modeling of those critical failure modes. The Apollo launch escape system (LES) was chosen as a test problem for application of this approach. Failure modes that have been modeled and/or simulated to date include explosive overpressure-based failure, explosive fragment-based failure, land landing failures (range limits exceeded either near launch or Mode III trajectories ending on the African continent), capsule-booster re-contact during separation, and failure due to plume-induced instability. These failure modes have been investigated using analysis tools in a variety of technical disciplines at various levels of fidelity. The current paper focuses on the roles and impacts of the higher-fidelity methods on this process and, by association, the roles and impacts of the high performance computing resources of the Columbia supercomputer system at NASA Ames Research Center.
- Published
- 2006
16. Simulation Assisted Risk Assessment: Blast Overpressure Modeling (PSAM-0197)
- Author
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Ken Gee, Michael E. Olsen, Scott L. Lawrence, and Donovan Mathias
- Subjects
Petroleum engineering ,Environmental science ,Risk assessment ,Overpressure - Published
- 2006
17. Probabilistic Assessment of Vehicle Launch Abort Trajectories (PSAM-0196)
- Author
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Ken Gee and Scott L. Lawrence
- Subjects
Aeronautics ,Computer science ,Abort ,Probabilistic logic - Published
- 2006
18. Generation of Aerodynamic Data using a Design Of Experiment and Data Fusion Approach
- Author
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Chun Y. Tang, Scott L. Lawrence, and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Test data generation ,Design of experiments ,Process (computing) ,Aerodynamics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,computer.software_genre ,Sensor fusion ,Expert system ,Component (UML) ,Data mining ,business ,computer - Abstract
‡As one component of an expert system to generate aerodynamic data using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools, a new approach utilizing Design of Experiment (DOE) and data fusion is outlined in the following paper. The goal of combining data fusion (merging of various fidelity solutions into a single, coherent database) with an adaptive DOE design is to improve the efficiency of the data generation process. A comparison between databases created using this novel approach and a more conventional full-factorial design shows that the new process can dramatically reduce the computational times required to generate data.
- Published
- 2005
19. RLV Aerodynamic and Trajectory Analysis Using an Agent-based Framework
- Author
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Ken Gee, Scott L. Lawrence, and Chun Tang
- Subjects
Set (abstract data type) ,Software ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Multidisciplinary approach ,Abort ,Distributed computing ,Design of experiments ,Computer data storage ,Real-time computing ,Aerodynamics ,Aerospace ,business - Abstract
The Tool Agent Framework—Java (TAF-J) software was developed to provide a set of services to access, manage, and integrate aerospace analysis tools with the Information Power Grid (IPG), a distributed set of heterogeneous compute resources. Analysis tools in several disciplines were incorporated into the framework. The framework also included a number of helper utilities created to link the various tools together to perform multidisciplinary analyses. Analysis and tool selection, job creation, submission and monitoring, solution monitoring, and data storage and retrieval were managed using prototype software agents. These agents were designed to perform their functions with minimal user input. The framework was used to compute ascent abort trajectories for a reusable launch vehicle design. Several design of experiments (DOE) methods within the framework were tested for computational speed and accuracy. The data generated were then used in the trajectory analysis. The trajectory analysis agent automatically selected an appropriate emergency landing site based upon the abort parameters.
- Published
- 2004
20. Development of Intelligent Agents for the Generation of Aerodynamic Data
- Author
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Chun Tang, Ken Gee, and Veronica Hawke
- Subjects
Intelligent agent ,Development (topology) ,Computer science ,Control engineering ,Aerodynamics ,computer.software_genre ,computer - Published
- 2003
21. Vehicle Analysis Using an Agent-Based Analysis Tools Framework
- Author
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Ken Gee
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,Computation ,Computer Aided Design ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Analysis tools ,business ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,Finite element method ,Expert system ,Computational science ,Interpolation - Abstract
Methods to combine a number of analysis tools into an agent-based integrated design system (IDS) for aerospace vehicles were developed. Computer-aided Design (CAD) and Finite Element Method (FEM) thermal and structural analysis packages were integrated with low-fidelity aero- and thermodynamic methods and high-fidelity CFD flow solvers. Analyses were characterized by the generation of an FEM unstructured grid from the CAD data, generation of a structured grid from the FEM grid, computation of the aerodynamic solution, interpolation of the flow data onto the FEM grid, and solution of the thermal and/or structural response of the geometry to the aerodynamic loading. A level of autonomy was provided by an expert system that managed the input data, selected the appropriate flow solver, and built the required input files. The ability to dynamically link available tools together to solve a given problem was also included. The framework integrated commercial tools to enable the use of distributed, heterogeneous computing systems. The framework was used to analyze the effect of wedge angle and nose radius on the heating characteristics of the nose region of a reusable launch vehicle.
- Published
- 2001
22. Temperature constraints at the sharp leading edge of a Crew Transfer Vehicle
- Author
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Dean Kontinos, Ken Gee, and Dinesh Prabbu
- Subjects
Engineering ,Leading edge ,business.industry ,Crew ,Aerospace engineering ,business ,Marine engineering - Published
- 2001
23. Fulfilling the Mandate of National Reconciliation in the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) – An Evaluation through the Prism of Victims’ Rights
- Author
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Ip, Ken Gee-kin, primary
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Computational analysis of F/A-18 tail buffet
- Author
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Ken Gee, Scott M. Murman, and Lewis B. Schiff
- Subjects
Physics ,Applied mathematics ,Computational analysis - Published
- 1995
25. Numerical analysis of tangential slot blowing on a generic chined forebody
- Author
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Roxana Agosta-Greenman, Lewis Schiff, Ken Gee, and Russell Cummings
- Subjects
business.industry ,Angle of attack ,Mass flow ,Numerical analysis ,Mechanics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Aerodynamic force ,Flow control (fluid) ,Control theory ,Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines ,business ,Wind tunnel ,Mathematics - Abstract
A numerical study is performed to investigate the effects of tangential slot blowing on a generic chined forebody. The Reynolds-averaged, thin-layer, Navier-Stokes equations are solved to obtain the high-angle-of-attack viscous flow field about a generic chined forebody. Tangential slot blowing is investigated as a means of forebody flow control to generate side force and yawing moment on the forebody. The effects of jet mass flow ratios, angle of attack, and blowing slot location in the axial and circumferential directions are studied. The computed results are compared with available wind tunnel experimental data. The solutions with and without blowing are also analyzed using helicity density contours, surface flow patterns, and off-surface instantaneous streamlines. The results of this analysis provide details of the flow field about the generic chined forebody, as well as show that tangential slot blowing can be used as a means of forebody flow control to generate side force and yawing moment.
- Published
- 1994
26. Effect of forebody tangential slot blowing on flow about a full aircraft geometry
- Author
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Lewis B. Schiff, Yehia M. Rizk, and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Jet (fluid) ,Engineering ,Leading-edge slats ,Fuselage ,business.industry ,Angle of attack ,Mass flow ,Leading-edge extension ,Geometry ,business ,Vortex ,Wind tunnel - Abstract
The effect of forebody tangential slot blowing on the flowfield about an F/A-18 aircraft is investigated numerically using solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations. Computed solutions are obtained for a full aircraft geometry, including the fuselage, wing with deflected leading-edge flap, empennage, and a faired-over engine inlet. The computational slot geometry corresponds to that used in full-scale wind tunnel tests. Solutions are computed using flight test conditions and jet mass flow ratios equivalent to wind tunnel test conditions. The effect of slot location is analyzed by computing two non-time-accurate solutions with a 16 in. slot located 3 in. and 11 in. aft of the nose of the aircraft. These computations resolve the trends observed in the full-scale wind tunnel test data. The flow aft of the leading edge extension (LEX) vortex burst is unsteady. A time-accurate solution is obtained to investigate the flow characteristics aft of the vortex burst, including the effect of blowing on tail buffet.
- Published
- 1993
27. Numerical investigation of tail buffet on F-18 aircraft
- Author
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Yehia M. Rizk, Ken Gee, and Guru P. Guruswamy
- Subjects
Physics ,Oscillation ,business.industry ,Angle of attack ,Turbulence ,Aerodynamics ,Mechanics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Aeroelasticity ,Reynolds equation ,Vortex ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Aerospace engineering ,business - Abstract
Numerical investigation of vortex induced tail buffet is conducted on the F-18 aircraft at high angles of attack. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are integrated using a time-accurate, implicit procedure. A generalized overset zonal grid scheme is used to decompose the computational space around the complete aircraft with faired-over inlet. A weak coupling between the aerodynamics and structures is assumed to compute the structural oscillation of the flexible vertical tail. Time-accurate computations of the turbulent flow around the F-18 aircraft at 30 degrees angle of attack show the surface and off-surface flowfield details, including the unsteadiness created by the vortex burst and its interaction with the vertical twin tail which causes the tail buffet. The effect of installing a LEX fence on modifying the vortex structure upstream of the tail is also examined.
- Published
- 1992
28. Analysis of a pneumatic forebody flow control concept about a full aircraft geometry
- Author
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Lewis B. Schiff, Larry A. Meyn, Yehia M. Rizk, Wendy R. Lanser, Ken Gee, and Scott M. Murman
- Subjects
Flow control (data) ,Aircraft flight mechanics ,Engineering ,Leading edge ,business.industry ,Numerical analysis ,Geometry ,Vortex ,Computer Science::Symbolic Computation ,Point (geometry) ,Boundary value problem ,Pneumatic flow control ,Aerospace engineering ,business - Abstract
A full aircraft geometry is used to computationally analyze the effectiveness of a pneumatic forebody flow control concept. An overset grid technique is employed to model the aircraft and slot geometry. Steady-state solutions for both isolated forebody and full aircraft configurations are carried out using a thin-layer Navier-Stokes flow solver. A solution obtained using the full aircraft geometry and a flight sideslip condition investigates the effect of sideslip on the leading edge extention vortex burst point. A no-sideslip blowing solution using the isolated forebody at full-scale wind tunnel test conditions is compared with experimental data to determine the accuracy of the numerical method. A solution employing the full geometry and slot blowing at flight conditions is obtained.
- Published
- 1992
29. Unsteady High-Angle-Of-Attack Flowfield Simulation Around the F-18 Aircraft
- Author
-
Yehia M. Rizk and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Physics ,Surface (mathematics) ,Mesh generation ,Angle of attack ,Turbulence ,Flight control surfaces ,Mechanics ,Grid ,Surface pressure ,Vortex - Abstract
This paper describes a numerical procedure for simulating the unsteady viscous flow around the F-18 aircraft at high angles of attack. A generalized overset zonal grid scheme is used to decompose the computational space around the complete aircraft, including deflected control surfaces. The grids around various components of the aircraft are created numerically using a three-dimensional hyperbolic grid generation procedure. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are integrated using a time-accurate, implicit procedure. Turbulent flowfield results at 30 degrees angle of attack show the details of the flowfield structure, including the unsteadiness created by the vortex breakdown and the resulting fluctuating airloads exerted on the vertical tail. The computed results agree fairly well with flight data for surface pressure, surface flow pattern, vortex breakdown location, and tail load fluctuations frequency.
- Published
- 1992
30. Computational optimization of a pneumatic forebody flow control concept
- Author
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KEN GEE, DOMINGO TAVELLA, and LEWIS SCHIFF
- Published
- 1991
31. Numerical prediction of the unsteady flowfield around the F-18 aircraft at large incidence
- Author
-
Yehia M. Rizk and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Physics ,business.industry ,Turbulence ,Angle of attack ,Mechanics ,Flight control surfaces ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Stokes flow ,Vortex ,External flow ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Potential flow ,Aerospace engineering ,business - Abstract
This paper describes a numerical method capable of solving the steady and unsteady viscous flow around complete aircraft configurations at high angles of attack. This method is used to simulate the external flow around the F-18 aircraft, including deflected control surfaces. The current technique employs a generalized overset zonal grid scheme to decompose the computational space around the aircraft. The grid around various components of the aircraft are created numerically using a three-dimensional hyperbolic grid generation procedure. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are integrated using a time-accurate, implicit procedure. Results for the turbulent flow around the F-18 aircraft at 30 degrees angle of attack show the details of the flowfield structure, including the unsteadiness created by the vortex burst and the resulting fluctuating airloads exerted on the vertical tail. The computed results agree fairly well with flight data for surface pressure, surface flow pattern, vortex burst location, and the dominant frequency for tail load fluctuations.
- Published
- 1991
32. Numerical simulation of the viscous flow around a simplified F/A-18 at high angles of attack
- Author
-
Lewis B. Schiff, Ken Gee, and Yehia M. Rizk
- Subjects
Wing ,Computer simulation ,business.industry ,Angle of attack ,Numerical analysis ,Flow (psychology) ,Mechanics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Vortex ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,symbols.namesake ,Mach number ,symbols ,Aerospace engineering ,business ,Mathematics - Abstract
A numerical method developed for solving the viscous flow around three-dimensional complex configurations is presently used to simulate the flow around a simplified F/A-18 configuration encompassing forebody, wing, leading-edge extension, faired-over inlet, and deflected wing leading-edge flaps, at Mach 0.243 and 30.3 deg angle of attack. The computational results show the details of the flowfield structure, including primary, secondary, and tertiary separation lines, the development of forebody and leading-edge extension vortex, and the burst of this vortex. A grid-refinement study is conducted to assess the effect of grid characteristics on solution accuracy. Substantial agreement is obtained between these results and flight data.
- Published
- 1990
33. The effect of turbulence models on the numerical prediction of the flowfield about a prolate spheroid at high angle of attack
- Author
-
Russell M. Cummings, Lewis B. Schiff, and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Physics ,Hele-Shaw flow ,Flow (mathematics) ,Flow velocity ,Turbulence ,business.industry ,Chézy formula ,Angle of attack ,K-epsilon turbulence model ,Mechanics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,business - Abstract
The F3D thin-layer Navier-Stokes code presently used to numerically investigate the three-dimensional separated flow about a prolate spheroid at high incidence analyzes the effect of different turbulence models on the flowfield solution and the characteristics of the predicted flow. The Johnson-King (1984) model is applied in order to evaluate the importance of modeling nonequilibrium effects in predicting flow about a slender body at high incidence; the computations in question are for steady-state, fully turbulent flow. Insight is gained into the effects of turbulence models on flow characteristics, and model effects on the accurate prediction of highly separated and vortical flows about a slender body are demonstrated.
- Published
- 1990
34. Compressibility effects on flow friction in a fully developed pipe flow
- Author
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Frank W. Steinle, Sreedhara V. Murthy, and Ken Gee
- Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Hele-Shaw flow ,Plug flow ,Mass flow ,education ,Isothermal flow ,Flow coefficient ,Geotechnical engineering ,Mechanics ,Fanno flow ,Geology ,Open-channel flow ,Pipe flow - Abstract
A method was evolved to account for the effects of compressibility in flows through long circular pipes of uniform diameter. Velocity and density variations across the flow cross section were approximated by profile shapes recommended for a flow past flat plates. The wall of the pipe was assumed to have attained an adiabatic condition. An integral method was used to obtain solutions for the governing equations of flow. The method was then used to analyze the detailed pressure measurements made in a long pipe for flow of air at different flow rate settings. Flow friction values derived from these pressure measurements were compared with the standard incompressible pipe flow data available in existing literature.
- Published
- 1988
Catalog
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