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1,521 results on '"Kern S."'

1. Design of deeply cooled ultra-low dissipation amplifier and measuring cell for quantum measurements with a microwave single-photon counter

Author

Turutanov, O. G., Korolev, A. M., Shnyrkov, V. I., Shapovalov, A. P., Baránek, M., Kern, S., Lyakhno, V. Yu., Neilinger, P., and Grajcar, M.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The requirements and details of designing a measuring cell and low-back-action deeply-cooled amplifier for quantum measurements at 10 mK are discussed. This equipment is a part of a microwave single-photon counter based on a superconducting flux qubit. The high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) in the amplifier operate in unsaturated microcurrent regime and dissipate only 1 microwatt of dc power per transistor. Simulated amplifier gain is 15 dB at 450 MHz with a high-impedance (~5 kOhm signal source and standard 50-Ohm output., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. To be published in Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur (Low Temperature Physics) vol. 50, No.1 (2024)

Published
2023

4. Josephson traveling wave parametric amplifiers with plasma oscillation phase matching.

Author

Rizvanov, E., Kern, S., Neilinger, P., and Grajcar, M.

Subjects
*JOSEPHSON junctions, *PLASMA oscillations, *ENERGY conversion, *PHASE oscillations, *BANDWIDTHS
Abstract

High gain and large bandwidth of traveling-wave parametric amplifier exploiting the nonlinearity of Josephson Junctions can be achieved by fulfilling the so-called phase-matching condition. This condition is usually addressed by placing resonant structures along the waveguide or by periodic modulations of its parameters, creating gaps in the waveguide's dispersion. Here, we propose to employ the Josephson junctions, which constitute the centerline of the amplifier, as resonant elements for phase matching. By numerical simulations in JoSIM (and WRspice) software, we show that Josephson plasma oscillations can be utilized to create wave vector mismatch sufficient for phase matching as well as to prevent the conversion of the pump energy to higher harmonics. The proposed traveling wave parametric amplifier design has a gain of 15 dB and a 3 GHz bandwidth, which is comparable to the state-of-the-art TWPAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Reflection-enhanced gain in traveling-wave parametric amplifiers

Author

Kern, S., Neilinger, P., Iľichev, E., Sultanov, A., Schmelz, M., Linzen, S., Kunert, J., Oelsner, G., Stolz, R., Danilov, A., Mahashabde, S., Jayaraman, A., Antonov, V., Kubatkin, S., and Grajcar, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

The operating principle of traveling-wave parametric amplifiers is typically understood in terms of the standard coupled mode theory, which describes the evolution of forward propagating waves without any reflections, i.e. for perfect impedance matching. However, in practice, superconducting microwave amplifiers are unmatched nonlinear finite-length devices, where the reflecting waves undergo complex parametric processes, not described by the standard coupled mode theory. Here, we present an analytical solution for the TWPA gain, which includes the interaction of reflected waves. These reflections result in corrections to the well-known results of the standard coupled mode theory, which are obtained for both 3-wave and 4-wave mixing processes. Due to these reflections, gain is enhanced and unwanted nonlinear phase modulations are suppressed. Predictions of the model are experimentally demonstrated on two types of unmatched TWPA, based on coplanar waveguides with a central wire consisting of i) a high kinetic inductance superconductor, and ii) an array of 2000 Josephson junctions., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures

Published
2022
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6. Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author

Bethlehem, RAI, Seidlitz, J, White, SR, Vogel, JW, Anderson, KM, Adamson, C, Adler, S, Alexopoulos, GS, Anagnostou, E, Areces-Gonzalez, A, Astle, DE, Auyeung, B, Ayub, M, Bae, J, Ball, G, Baron-Cohen, S, Beare, R, Bedford, SA, Benegal, V, Beyer, F, Blangero, J, Blesa Cábez, M, Boardman, JP, Borzage, M, Bosch-Bayard, JF, Bourke, N, Calhoun, VD, Chakravarty, MM, Chen, C, Chertavian, C, Chetelat, G, Chong, YS, Cole, JH, Corvin, A, Costantino, M, Courchesne, E, Crivello, F, Cropley, VL, Crosbie, J, Crossley, N, Delarue, M, Delorme, R, Desrivieres, S, Devenyi, GA, Di Biase, MA, Dolan, R, Donald, KA, Donohoe, G, Dunlop, K, Edwards, AD, Elison, JT, Ellis, CT, Elman, JA, Eyler, L, Fair, DA, Feczko, E, Fletcher, PC, Fonagy, P, Franz, CE, Galan-Garcia, L, Gholipour, A, Giedd, J, Gilmore, JH, Glahn, DC, Goodyer, IM, Grant, PE, Groenewold, NA, Gunning, FM, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Hammill, CF, Hansson, O, Hedden, T, Heinz, A, Henson, RN, Heuer, K, Hoare, J, Holla, B, Holmes, AJ, Holt, R, Huang, H, Im, K, Ipser, J, Jack, CR, Jackowski, AP, Jia, T, Johnson, KA, Jones, PB, Jones, DT, Kahn, RS, Karlsson, H, Karlsson, L, Kawashima, R, Kelley, EA, Kern, S, Kim, KW, Kitzbichler, MG, Kremen, WS, Lalonde, F, and Landeau, B

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Biomedical Imaging, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Aging, Brain Disorders, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Mental health, Body Height, Brain, Humans, Longevity, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroimaging, 3R-BRAIN, AIBL, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Alzheimer’s Disease Repository Without Borders Investigators, CALM Team, Cam-CAN, CCNP, COBRE, cVEDA, ENIGMA Developmental Brain Age Working Group, Developing Human Connectome Project, FinnBrain, Harvard Aging Brain Study, IMAGEN, KNE96, Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, NSPN, POND, PREVENT-AD Research Group, VETSA, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes.

Published
2022

7. A numerical extrapolation method for complex conductivity of disordered metals

Author

Kern, S., Neilinger, P., Manca, D., Greguš, J., Volkov, S., and Grajcar, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Recently, quantum corrections to optical conductivity of disordered metals up to the UV region were observed. Although this increase of conductivity with frequency, also called anti-Drude behaviour, should disappear at the electron collision frequency, such transition has never been observed or described theoretically. Thus, the knowledge of optical conductivity in a wide frequency range is of great interest. It is well known that the extrapolation of complex conductivity is ill-posed - a solution of the analytic continuation problem is not unique for data with finite accuracy. However, we show that assuming physically appropriate properties of the searched function $\sigma(\omega)$, such as: symmetry, smoothness, and asymptotic solution for low and high frequencies, one can significantly restrict the set of solutions. We present a simple numerical method utilizing the radial basis function approximation and simulated annealing, which reasonably extrapolates the optical conductivity from visible frequency range down to far infrared and up to ultraviolet region. Extrapolation obtained on MoC and NbN thin films was checked by transmission measurement across a wide frequency range., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures

Published
2020
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8. On the numerical scheme employed in gyrotron interaction simulations

Author

Tran T. M., Dumbrajs O., Alberti S., Ram A. K., Avramides K. A., and Kern S.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report on the influence of the numerical scheme employed in gyrotron interaction simulations. Results obtained with the Crank-Nicolson scheme are compared with those obtained with the Backward Time – Centred Space (BTCS) fully implicit scheme. We present realistic cases where, for discretisation parameters in the range usually used in gyrotron simulations, the results can be very different. Hence, the numerical scheme used can be responsible for obscuring the underlying physics if its convergence is not tested carefully.

Published
2012
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9. Experimental results and recent developments on the EU 2 MW 170 GHz coaxial cavity gyrotron for ITER

Author

Thumm M. K., Rzesnicki T., Piosczyk B., Pagonakis I. Gr., Li F., Jin J., Jelonnek J., Illy S., Gantenbein G., Avramides K., Alberti S., Hogge J.-P., Kern S., Tigelis I., and Tran M. Q.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The European Gyrotron Consortium (EGYC) is responsible for developing one set of 170 GHz mm-wave sources, in support of Europe’s contribution to ITER. The original plan of targeting a 2 MW coaxial gyrotron is currently under discussion, in view of essential delays and damages. This paper reports on the latest results and plans with regard to the two 2 MW gyrotron prototypes, the industrial prototype at CRPP’s CW test stand and a modular pre-prototype at KIT. The industrial prototype was delivered to CRPP end of September 2011 and reached an output power of 2 MW at an efficiency of 45 % and with good RF beam pattern, in only four days of short pulse RF test. These results validated all design changes made in reaction to the results of the experiments in 2008. On the fifth experimental day, an internal absorber broke, terminating any further experiment with this tube. In parallel, design and experimental activities at KIT went on, in particular featuring reduced stray radiation down to 4% of the RF power. Next years’ plans for the 2 MW modular pre-prototype foresee a stepwise increase of pulse length.

Published
2012
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14. Nutrient Intake and Its Association with Appendicular Total Lean Mass and Muscle Function and Strength in Older Adults: A Population-Based Study

Author

Borda, MG, Samuelsson, J, Cederholm, T, Baldera, JP, Perez-Zepeda, MU, Barreto, GE, Zettergren, A, Kern, S, Ryden, L, Gonzalez-Lara, M, Salazar-Londono, S, Duque, G, Skoog, I, Aarsland, D, Borda, MG, Samuelsson, J, Cederholm, T, Baldera, JP, Perez-Zepeda, MU, Barreto, GE, Zettergren, A, Kern, S, Ryden, L, Gonzalez-Lara, M, Salazar-Londono, S, Duque, G, Skoog, I, and Aarsland, D

Abstract

Treatment options for sarcopenia are currently limited, and primarily rely on two main therapeutic approaches: resistance-based physical activity and dietary interventions. However, details about specific nutrients in the diet or supplementation are unclear. We aim to investigate the relationship between nutrient intake and lean mass, function, and strength. Data were derived from the Gothenburg H70 birth cohort study in Sweden, including 719,70-year-olds born in 1944 (54.1% females). For independent variables, the diet history method (face-to-face interviews) was used to estimate habitual food intake during the preceding three months. Dependent variables were gait speed (muscle performance), hand grip strength (muscle strength), and the appendicular lean soft tissue index (ALSTI). Linear regression analyses were performed to analyze the relationship between the dependent variables and each of the covariates. Several nutrients were positively associated with ALSTI, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (DHA, EPA), selenium, zinc, riboflavin, niacin equivalent, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iron, and protein. After correction for multiple comparisons, there were no remaining correlations with handgrip and gait speed. Findings of positive correlations for some nutrients with lean mass suggest a role for these nutrients in maintaining muscle volume. These results can be used to inform clinical trials to expand the preventive strategies and treatment options for individuals at risk of muscle loss and sarcopenia.

Published
2024

16. Publisher Correction: Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author

Bethlehem, R. A. I., Seidlitz, J., White, S. R., Vogel, J. W., Anderson, K. M., Adamson, C., Adler, S., Alexopoulos, G. S., Anagnostou, E., Areces-Gonzalez, A., Astle, D. E., Auyeung, B., Ayub, M., Bae, J., Ball, G., Baron-Cohen, S., Beare, R., Bedford, S. A., Benegal, V., Beyer, F., Blangero, J., Blesa Cábez, M., Boardman, J. P., Borzage, M., Bosch-Bayard, J. F., Bourke, N., Calhoun, V. D., Chakravarty, M. M., Chen, C., Chertavian, C., Chetelat, G., Chong, Y. S., Cole, J. H., Corvin, A., Costantino, M., Courchesne, E., Crivello, F., Cropley, V. L., Crosbie, J., Crossley, N., Delarue, M., Delorme, R., Desrivieres, S., Devenyi, G. A., Di Biase, M. A., Dolan, R., Donald, K. A., Donohoe, G., Dunlop, K., Edwards, A. D., Elison, J. T., Ellis, C. T., Elman, J. A., Eyler, L., Fair, D. A., Feczko, E., Fletcher, P. C., Fonagy, P., Franz, C. E., Galan-Garcia, L., Gholipour, A., Giedd, J., Gilmore, J. H., Glahn, D. C., Goodyer, I. M., Grant, P. E., Groenewold, N. A., Gunning, F. M., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Hammill, C. F., Hansson, O., Hedden, T., Heinz, A., Henson, R. N., Heuer, K., Hoare, J., Holla, B., Holmes, A. J., Holt, R., Huang, H., Im, K., Ipser, J., Jack, Jr, C. R., Jackowski, A. P., Jia, T., Johnson, K. A., Jones, P. B., Jones, D. T., Kahn, R. S., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., Kawashima, R., Kelley, E. A., Kern, S., Kim, K. W., Kitzbichler, M. G., Kremen, W. S., Lalonde, F., Landeau, B., Lee, S., Lerch, J., Lewis, J. D., Li, J., Liao, W., Liston, C., Lombardo, M. V., Lv, J., Lynch, C., Mallard, T. T., Marcelis, M., Markello, R. D., Mathias, S. R., Mazoyer, B., McGuire, P., Meaney, M. J., Mechelli, A., Medic, N., Misic, B., Morgan, S. E., Mothersill, D., Nigg, J., Ong, M. Q. W., Ortinau, C., Ossenkoppele, R., Ouyang, M., Palaniyappan, L., Paly, L., Pan, P. M., Pantelis, C., Park, M. M., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Paz-Linares, D., Pichet Binette, A., Pierce, K., Qian, X., Qiu, J., Qiu, A., Raznahan, A., Rittman, T., Rodrigue, A., Rollins, C. K., Romero-Garcia, R., Ronan, L., Rosenberg, M. D., Rowitch, D. H., Salum, G. A., Satterthwaite, T. D., Schaare, H. L., Schachar, R. J., Schultz, A. P., Schumann, G., Schöll, M., Sharp, D., Shinohara, R. T., Skoog, I., Smyser, C. D., Sperling, R. A., Stein, D. J., Stolicyn, A., Suckling, J., Sullivan, G., Taki, Y., Thyreau, B., Toro, R., Traut, N., Tsvetanov, K. A., Turk-Browne, N. B., Tuulari, J. J., Tzourio, C., Vachon-Presseau, É., Valdes-Sosa, M. J., Valdes-Sosa, P. A., Valk, S. L., van Amelsvoort, T., Vandekar, S. N., Vasung, L., Victoria, L. W., Villeneuve, S., Villringer, A., Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Wang, Y. S., Warfield, S. K., Warrier, V., Westman, E., Westwater, M. L., Whalley, H. C., Witte, A. V., Yang, N., Yeo, B., Yun, H., Zalesky, A., Zar, H. J., Zettergren, A., Zhou, J. H., Ziauddeen, H., Zugman, A., Zuo, X. N., Bullmore, E. T., and Alexander-Bloch, A. F.

Published
2022
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17. Author Correction: Common variants in Alzheimer’s disease and risk stratification by polygenic risk scores (Nature Communications, (2021), 12, 1, (3417), 10.1038/s41467-021-22491-8)

Author

de Rojas I., de Rojas, I, Moreno-Grau, S, Tesi, N, Grenier-Boley, B, Andrade, V, Jansen, I, Pedersen, N, Stringa, N, Zettergren, A, Hernandez, I, Montrreal, L, Antunez, C, Antonell, A, Tankard, R, Bis, J, Sims, R, Bellenguez, C, Quintela, I, Gonzalez-Perez, A, Calero, M, Franco-Macias, E, Macias, J, Blesa, R, Cervera-Carles, L, Menendez-Gonzalez, M, Frank-Garcia, A, Royo, J, Moreno, F, Huerto Vilas, R, Baquero, M, Diez-Fairen, M, Lage, C, Garcia-Madrona, S, Garcia-Gonzalez, P, Alarcon-Martin, E, Valero, S, Sotolongo-Grau, O, Ullgren, A, Naj, A, Lemstra, A, Benaque, A, Perez-Cordon, A, Benussi, A, Rabano, A, Padovani, A, Squassina, A, de Mendonca, A, Arias Pastor, A, Kok, A, Meggy, A, Pastor, A, Espinosa, A, Corma-Gomez, A, Martin Montes, A, Sanabria, A, Destefano, A, Schneider, A, Haapasalo, A, Kinhult Stahlbom, A, Tybjaerg-Hansen, A, Hartmann, A, Spottke, A, Corbaton-Anchuelo, A, Rongve, A, Borroni, B, Arosio, B, Nacmias, B, Nordestgaard, B, Kunkle, B, Charbonnier, C, Abdelnour, C, Masullo, C, Martinez Rodriguez, C, Munoz-Fernandez, C, Dufouil, C, Graff, C, Ferreira, C, Chillotti, C, Reynolds, C, Fenoglio, C, Van Broeckhoven, C, Clark, C, Pisanu, C, Satizabal, C, Holmes, C, Buiza-Rueda, D, Aarsland, D, Rujescu, D, Alcolea, D, Galimberti, D, Wallon, D, Seripa, D, Grunblatt, E, Dardiotis, E, Duzel, E, Scarpini, E, Conti, E, Rubino, E, Gelpi, E, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, E, Duron, E, Boerwinkle, E, Ferri, E, Tagliavini, F, Kucukali, F, Pasquier, F, Sanchez-Garcia, F, Mangialasche, F, Jessen, F, Nicolas, G, Selbaek, G, Ortega, G, Chene, G, Hadjigeorgiou, G, Rossi, G, Spalletta, G, Giaccone, G, Grande, G, Binetti, G, Papenberg, G, Hampel, H, Bailly, H, Zetterberg, H, Soininen, H, Karlsson, I, Alvarez, I, Appollonio, I, Giegling, I, Skoog, I, Saltvedt, I, Rainero, I, Rosas Allende, I, Hort, J, Diehl-Schmid, J, Van Dongen, J, Vidal, J, Lehtisalo, J, Wiltfang, J, Thomassen, J, Kornhuber, J, Haines, J, Vogelgsang, J, Pineda, J, Fortea, J, Popp, J, Deckert, J, Buerger, K, Morgan, K, Fliessbach, K, Sleegers, K, Molina-Porcel, L, Kilander, L, Weinhold, L, Farrer, L, Wang, L, Kleineidam, L, Farotti, L, Parnetti, L, Tremolizzo, L, Hausner, L, Benussi, L, Froelich, L, Ikram, M, Deniz-Naranjo, M, Tsolaki, M, Rosende-Roca, M, Lowenmark, M, Hulsman, M, Spallazzi, M, Pericak-Vance, M, Esiri, M, Bernal Sanchez-Arjona, M, Dalmasso, M, Martinez-Larrad, M, Arcaro, M, Nothen, M, Fernandez-Fuertes, M, Dichgans, M, Ingelsson, M, Herrmann, M, Scherer, M, Vyhnalek, M, Kosmidis, M, Yannakoulia, M, Schmid, M, Ewers, M, Heneka, M, Wagner, M, Scamosci, M, Kivipelto, M, Hiltunen, M, Zulaica, M, Alegret, M, Fornage, M, Roberto, N, van Schoor, N, Seidu, N, Banaj, N, Armstrong, N, Scarmeas, N, Scherbaum, N, Goldhardt, O, Hanon, O, Peters, O, Skrobot, O, Quenez, O, Lerch, O, Bossu, P, Caffarra, P, Dionigi Rossi, P, Sakka, P, Mecocci, P, Hoffmann, P, Holmans, P, Fischer, P, Riederer, P, Yang, Q, Marshall, R, Kalaria, R, Mayeux, R, Vandenberghe, R, Cecchetti, R, Ghidoni, R, Frikke-Schmidt, R, Sorbi, S, Hagg, S, Engelborghs, S, Helisalmi, S, Botne Sando, S, Kern, S, Archetti, S, Boschi, S, Fostinelli, S, Gil, S, Mendoza, S, Mead, S, Ciccone, S, Djurovic, S, Heilmann-Heimbach, S, Riedel-Heller, S, Kuulasmaa, T, del Ser, T, Lebouvier, T, Polak, T, Ngandu, T, Grimmer, T, Bessi, V, Escott-Price, V, Giedraitis, V, Deramecourt, V, Maier, W, Jian, X, Pijnenburg, Y, Smith, A, Saenz, A, Bizzarro, A, Lauria, A, Vacca, A, Solomon, A, Anastasiou, A, Richardson, A, Boland, A, Koivisto, A, Daniele, A, Greco, A, Marianthi, A, Mcguinness, B, Fin, B, Ferrari, C, Custodero, C, Ferrarese, C, Ingino, C, Mangone, C, Reyes Toso, C, Martinez, C, Cuesta, C, Muchnik, C, Joachim, C, Ortiz, C, Besse, C, Johansson, C, Zoia, C, Laske, C, Anastasiou, C, Palacio, D, Politis, D, Janowitz, D, Craig, D, Mann, D, Neary, D, Jurgen, D, Daian, D, Belezhanska, D, Kohler, E, Castano, E, Koutsouraki, E, Chipi, E, De Roeck, E, Costantini, E, Vardy, E, Piras, F, Roveta, F, Prestia, F, Assogna, F, Salani, F, Sala, G, Lacidogna, G, Novack, G, Wilcock, G, Thonberg, H, Kolsch, H, Weber, H, Boecker, H, Etchepareborda, I, Piaceri, I, Tuomilehto, J, Lindstrom, J, Laczo, J, Johnston, J, Deleuze, J, Harris, J, Schott, J, Priller, J, Bacha, J, Snowden, J, Lisso, J, Mihova, K, Traykov, L, Morelli, L, Brusco, L, Rainer, M, Takalo, M, Bjerke, M, Del Zompo, M, Serpente, M, Sanchez Abalos, M, Rios, M, Peltonen, M, Herrman, M, Kohler, M, Rojo, M, Jones, M, Orsini, M, Medel, N, Olivar, N, Fox, N, Salvadori, N, Hooper, N, Galeano, P, Solis, P, Bastiani, P, Passmore, P, Heun, R, Antikainen, R, Olaso, R, Perneczky, R, Germani, S, Lopez-Garcia, S, Love, S, Mehrabian, S, Bagnoli, S, Kochen, S, Andreoni, S, Teipel, S, Todd, S, Pickering-Brown, S, Natunen, T, Tegos, T, Laatikainen, T, Strandberg, T, Polvikoski, T, Matoska, V, Ciullo, V, Cores, V, Solfrizzi, V, Lisetti, V, Sevillano, Z, Aguilera, N, Alarcon, E, Boada, M, Buendia, M, Canabate, P, Carracedo, A, Diego, S, Gailhajenet, A, Guitart, M, Ibarria, M, Lafuente, A, Maronas, O, Martin, E, Martinez, M, Marquie, M, Mauleon, A, Moreno, M, Orellana, A, Pancho, A, Peleja, E, Preckler, S, Real, L, Ruiz, A, Saez, M, Serrano-Rios, M, Tarraga, L, Vargas, L, Adarmes-Gomez, A, Alonso, M, Alvarez, V, Amer-Ferrer, G, Antequera, M, Bernal, M, Bullido, M, Burguera, J, Carrillo, F, Carrion-Claro, M, Casajeros, M, Clarimon, J, Cruz-Gamero, J, de Pancorbo, M, Escuela, R, Garrote-Espina, L, Garcia-Alberca, J, Garcia Madrona, S, Garcia-Ribas, G, Gomez-Garre, P, Hevilla, S, Jesus, S, Labrador Espinosa, M, Legaz, A, Lleo, A, Lopez de Munain, A, Macias-Garcia, D, Manzanares, S, Marin, M, Marin-Munoz, J, Marin, T, Martinez, B, Martinez, V, Martinez-Lage Alvarez, P, Medina, M, Mendioroz Iriarte, M, Mir, P, Molinuevo, J, Pastor, P, Perez Tur, J, Perinan-Tocino, T, Pineda-Sanchez, R, Pinol-Ripoll, G, Real de Asua, D, Rodrigo, S, Sanchez del Valle Diaz, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sastre, I, Vicente, M, Vigo-Ortega, R, Vivancos, L, Macleod, C, Mccracken, C, Brayne, C, Bresner, C, Grozeva, D, Bellou, E, Sommerville, E, Matthews, F, Leonenko, G, Menzies, G, Windle, G, Harwood, J, Phillips, J, Bennett, K, Luckuck, L, Clare, L, Woods, R, Saad, S, Burholt, V, Kehoe, P, Scheltens, P, Holstege, H, Amouyel, P, Schellenberg, G, Williams, J, Seshadri, S, van Duijn, C, Mather, K, Sanchez-Valle, R, Blennow, K, Huisman, M, Andreassen, O, Posthuma, D, van der Flier, W, Ramirez, A, Lambert, J, van der Lee, S, de Rojas I., Moreno-Grau S., Tesi N., Grenier-Boley B., Andrade V., Jansen I. E., Pedersen N. L., Stringa N., Zettergren A., Hernandez I., Montrreal L., Antunez C., Antonell A., Tankard R. M., Bis J. C., Sims R., Bellenguez C., Quintela I., Gonzalez-Perez A., Calero M., Franco-Macias E., Macias J., Blesa R., Cervera-Carles L., Menendez-Gonzalez M., Frank-Garcia A., Royo J. L., Moreno F., Huerto Vilas R., Baquero M., Diez-Fairen M., Lage C., Garcia-Madrona S., Garcia-Gonzalez P., Alarcon-Martin E., Valero S., Sotolongo-Grau O., Ullgren A., Naj A. C., Lemstra A. W., Benaque A., Perez-Cordon A., Benussi A., Rabano A., Padovani A., Squassina A., de Mendonca A., Arias Pastor A., Kok A. A. L., Meggy A., Pastor A. B., Espinosa A., Corma-Gomez A., Martin Montes A., Sanabria A., DeStefano A. L., Schneider A., Haapasalo A., Kinhult Stahlbom A., Tybjaerg-Hansen A., Hartmann A. M., Spottke A., Corbaton-Anchuelo A., Rongve A., Borroni B., Arosio B., Nacmias B., Nordestgaard B. G., Kunkle B. W., Charbonnier C., Abdelnour C., Masullo C., Martinez Rodriguez C., Munoz-Fernandez C., Dufouil C., Graff C., Ferreira C. B., Chillotti C., Reynolds C. A., Fenoglio C., Van Broeckhoven C., Clark C., Pisanu C., Satizabal C. L., Holmes C., Buiza-Rueda D., Aarsland D., Rujescu D., Alcolea D., Galimberti D., Wallon D., Seripa D., Grunblatt E., Dardiotis E., Duzel E., Scarpini E., Conti E., Rubino E., Gelpi E., Rodriguez-Rodriguez E., Duron E., Boerwinkle E., Ferri E., Tagliavini F., Kucukali F., Pasquier F., Sanchez-Garcia F., Mangialasche F., Jessen F., Nicolas G., Selbaek G., Ortega G., Chene G., Hadjigeorgiou G., Rossi G., Spalletta G., Giaccone G., Grande G., Binetti G., Papenberg G., Hampel H., Bailly H., Zetterberg H., Soininen H., Karlsson I. K., Alvarez I., Appollonio I., Giegling I., Skoog I., Saltvedt I., Rainero I., Rosas Allende I., Hort J., Diehl-Schmid J., Van Dongen J., Vidal J. -S., Lehtisalo J., Wiltfang J., Thomassen J. Q., Kornhuber J., Haines J. L., Vogelgsang J., Pineda J. A., Fortea J., Popp J., Deckert J., Buerger K., Morgan K., Fliessbach K., Sleegers K., Molina-Porcel L., Kilander L., Weinhold L., Farrer L. A., Wang L. -S., Kleineidam L., Farotti L., Parnetti L., Tremolizzo L., Hausner L., Benussi L., Froelich L., Ikram M. A., Deniz-Naranjo M. C., Tsolaki M., Rosende-Roca M., Lowenmark M., Hulsman M., Spallazzi M., Pericak-Vance M. A., Esiri M., Bernal Sanchez-Arjona M., Dalmasso M. C., Martinez-Larrad M. T., Arcaro M., Nothen M. M., Fernandez-Fuertes M., Dichgans M., Ingelsson M., Herrmann M. J., Scherer M., Vyhnalek M., Kosmidis M. H., Yannakoulia M., Schmid M., Ewers M., Heneka M. T., Wagner M., Scamosci M., Kivipelto M., Hiltunen M., Zulaica M., Alegret M., Fornage M., Roberto N., van Schoor N. M., Seidu N. M., Banaj N., Armstrong N. J., Scarmeas N., Scherbaum N., Goldhardt O., Hanon O., Peters O., Skrobot O. A., Quenez O., Lerch O., Bossu P., Caffarra P., Dionigi Rossi P., Sakka P., Mecocci P., Hoffmann P., Holmans P. A., Fischer P., Riederer P., Yang Q., Marshall R., Kalaria R. N., Mayeux R., Vandenberghe R., Cecchetti R., Ghidoni R., Frikke-Schmidt R., Sorbi S., Hagg S., Engelborghs S., Helisalmi S., Botne Sando S., Kern S., Archetti S., Boschi S., Fostinelli S., Gil S., Mendoza S., Mead S., Ciccone S., Djurovic S., Heilmann-Heimbach S., Riedel-Heller S., Kuulasmaa T., del Ser T., Lebouvier T., Polak T., Ngandu T., Grimmer T., Bessi V., Escott-Price V., Giedraitis V., Deramecourt V., Maier W., Jian X., Pijnenburg Y. A. L., Smith A. D., Saenz A., Bizzarro A., Lauria A., Vacca A., Solomon A., Anastasiou A., Richardson A., Boland A., Koivisto A., Daniele A., Greco A., Marianthi A., McGuinness B., Fin B., Ferrari C., Custodero C., Ferrarese C., Ingino C., Mangone C., Reyes Toso C., Martinez C., Cuesta C., Muchnik C., Joachim C., Ortiz C., Besse C., Johansson C., Zoia C. P., Laske C., Anastasiou C., Palacio D. L., Politis D. G., Janowitz D., Craig D., Mann D. M., Neary D., Jurgen D., Daian D., Belezhanska D., Kohler E., Castano E. M., Koutsouraki E., Chipi E., De Roeck E., Costantini E., Vardy E. R. L. C., Piras F., Roveta F., Prestia F. A., Assogna F., Salani F., Sala G., Lacidogna G., Novack G., Wilcock G., Thonberg H., Kolsch H., Weber H., Boecker H., Etchepareborda I., Piaceri I., Tuomilehto J., Lindstrom J., Laczo J., Johnston J., Deleuze J. -F., Harris J., Schott J. M., Priller J., Bacha J. I., Snowden J., Lisso J., Mihova K. Y., Traykov L., Morelli L., Brusco L. I., Rainer M., Takalo M., Bjerke M., Del Zompo M., Serpente M., Sanchez Abalos M., Rios M., Peltonen M., Herrman M. J., Kohler M., Rojo M., Jones M., Orsini M., Medel N., Olivar N., Fox N. C., Salvadori N., Hooper N. M., Galeano P., Solis P., Bastiani P., Passmore P., Heun R., Antikainen R., Olaso R., Perneczky R., Germani S., Lopez-Garcia S., Love S., Mehrabian S., Bagnoli S., Kochen S., Andreoni S., Teipel S., Todd S., Pickering-Brown S., Natunen T., Tegos T., Laatikainen T., Strandberg T., Polvikoski T. M., Matoska V., Ciullo V., Cores V., Solfrizzi V., Lisetti V., Sevillano Z., Aguilera N., Alarcon E., Boada M., Buendia M., Canabate P., Carracedo A., Diego S., Gailhajenet A., Guitart M., Ibarria M., Lafuente A., Maronas O., Martin E., Martinez M. T., Marquie M., Mauleon A., Moreno M., Orellana A., Pancho A., Peleja E., Preckler S., Real L. M., Ruiz A., Saez M. E., Serrano-Rios M., Tarraga L., Vargas L., Adarmes-Gomez A. D., Alonso M. D., Alvarez V., Amer-Ferrer G., Antequera M., Bernal M., Bullido M. J., Burguera J. A., Carrillo F., Carrion-Claro M., Casajeros M. J., Clarimon J., Cruz-Gamero J. M., de Pancorbo M. M., Escuela R., Garrote-Espina L., Garcia-Alberca J. M., Garcia Madrona S., Garcia-Ribas G., Gomez-Garre P., Hevilla S., Jesus S., Labrador Espinosa M. A., Legaz A., Lleo A., Lopez de Munain A., Macias-Garcia D., Manzanares S., Marin M., Marin-Munoz J., Marin T., Martinez B., Martinez V., Martinez-Lage Alvarez P., Medina M., Mendioroz Iriarte M., Mir P., Molinuevo J. L., Pastor P., Perez Tur J., Perinan-Tocino T., Pineda-Sanchez R., Pinol-Ripoll G., Real de Asua D., Rodrigo S., Sanchez del Valle Diaz R., Sanchez-Juan P., Sastre I., Vicente M. P., Vigo-Ortega R., Vivancos L., Macleod C., McCracken C., Brayne C., Bresner C., Grozeva D., Bellou E., Sommerville E. W., Matthews F., Leonenko G., Menzies G., Windle G., Harwood J., Phillips J., Bennett K., Luckuck L., Clare L., Woods R., Saad S., Burholt V., Kehoe P. G., Scheltens P., Holstege H., Amouyel P., Schellenberg G. D., Williams J., Seshadri S., van Duijn C. M., Mather K. A., Sanchez-Valle R., Blennow K., Huisman M., Andreassen O. A., Posthuma D., van der Flier W. M., Ramirez A., Lambert J. -C., van der Lee S. J., de Rojas I., de Rojas, I, Moreno-Grau, S, Tesi, N, Grenier-Boley, B, Andrade, V, Jansen, I, Pedersen, N, Stringa, N, Zettergren, A, Hernandez, I, Montrreal, L, Antunez, C, Antonell, A, Tankard, R, Bis, J, Sims, R, Bellenguez, C, Quintela, I, Gonzalez-Perez, A, Calero, M, Franco-Macias, E, Macias, J, Blesa, R, Cervera-Carles, L, Menendez-Gonzalez, M, Frank-Garcia, A, Royo, J, Moreno, F, Huerto Vilas, R, Baquero, M, Diez-Fairen, M, Lage, C, Garcia-Madrona, S, Garcia-Gonzalez, P, Alarcon-Martin, E, Valero, S, Sotolongo-Grau, O, Ullgren, A, Naj, A, Lemstra, A, Benaque, A, Perez-Cordon, A, Benussi, A, Rabano, A, Padovani, A, Squassina, A, de Mendonca, A, Arias Pastor, A, Kok, A, Meggy, A, Pastor, A, Espinosa, A, Corma-Gomez, A, Martin Montes, A, Sanabria, A, Destefano, A, Schneider, A, Haapasalo, A, Kinhult Stahlbom, A, Tybjaerg-Hansen, A, Hartmann, A, Spottke, A, Corbaton-Anchuelo, A, Rongve, A, Borroni, B, Arosio, B, Nacmias, B, Nordestgaard, B, Kunkle, B, Charbonnier, C, Abdelnour, C, Masullo, C, Martinez Rodriguez, C, Munoz-Fernandez, C, Dufouil, C, Graff, C, Ferreira, C, Chillotti, C, Reynolds, C, Fenoglio, C, Van Broeckhoven, C, Clark, C, Pisanu, C, Satizabal, C, Holmes, C, Buiza-Rueda, D, Aarsland, D, Rujescu, D, Alcolea, D, Galimberti, D, Wallon, D, Seripa, D, Grunblatt, E, Dardiotis, E, Duzel, E, Scarpini, E, Conti, E, Rubino, E, Gelpi, E, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, E, Duron, E, Boerwinkle, E, Ferri, E, Tagliavini, F, Kucukali, F, Pasquier, F, Sanchez-Garcia, F, Mangialasche, F, Jessen, F, Nicolas, G, Selbaek, G, Ortega, G, Chene, G, Hadjigeorgiou, G, Rossi, G, Spalletta, G, Giaccone, G, Grande, G, Binetti, G, Papenberg, G, Hampel, H, Bailly, H, Zetterberg, H, Soininen, H, Karlsson, I, Alvarez, I, Appollonio, I, Giegling, I, Skoog, I, Saltvedt, I, Rainero, I, Rosas Allende, I, Hort, J, Diehl-Schmid, J, Van Dongen, J, Vidal, J, Lehtisalo, J, Wiltfang, J, Thomassen, J, Kornhuber, J, Haines, J, Vogelgsang, J, Pineda, J, Fortea, J, Popp, J, Deckert, J, Buerger, K, Morgan, K, Fliessbach, K, Sleegers, K, Molina-Porcel, L, Kilander, L, Weinhold, L, Farrer, L, Wang, L, Kleineidam, L, Farotti, L, Parnetti, L, Tremolizzo, L, Hausner, L, Benussi, L, Froelich, L, Ikram, M, Deniz-Naranjo, M, Tsolaki, M, Rosende-Roca, M, Lowenmark, M, Hulsman, M, Spallazzi, M, Pericak-Vance, M, Esiri, M, Bernal Sanchez-Arjona, M, Dalmasso, M, Martinez-Larrad, M, Arcaro, M, Nothen, M, Fernandez-Fuertes, M, Dichgans, M, Ingelsson, M, Herrmann, M, Scherer, M, Vyhnalek, M, Kosmidis, M, Yannakoulia, M, Schmid, M, Ewers, M, Heneka, M, Wagner, M, Scamosci, M, Kivipelto, M, Hiltunen, M, Zulaica, M, Alegret, M, Fornage, M, Roberto, N, van Schoor, N, Seidu, N, Banaj, N, Armstrong, N, Scarmeas, N, Scherbaum, N, Goldhardt, O, Hanon, O, Peters, O, Skrobot, O, Quenez, O, Lerch, O, Bossu, P, Caffarra, P, Dionigi Rossi, P, Sakka, P, Mecocci, P, Hoffmann, P, Holmans, P, Fischer, P, Riederer, P, Yang, Q, Marshall, R, Kalaria, R, Mayeux, R, Vandenberghe, R, Cecchetti, R, Ghidoni, R, Frikke-Schmidt, R, Sorbi, S, Hagg, S, Engelborghs, S, Helisalmi, S, Botne Sando, S, Kern, S, Archetti, S, Boschi, S, Fostinelli, S, Gil, S, Mendoza, S, Mead, S, Ciccone, S, Djurovic, S, Heilmann-Heimbach, S, Riedel-Heller, S, Kuulasmaa, T, del Ser, T, Lebouvier, T, Polak, T, Ngandu, T, Grimmer, T, Bessi, V, Escott-Price, V, Giedraitis, V, Deramecourt, V, Maier, W, Jian, X, Pijnenburg, Y, Smith, A, Saenz, A, Bizzarro, A, Lauria, A, Vacca, A, Solomon, A, Anastasiou, A, Richardson, A, Boland, A, Koivisto, A, Daniele, A, Greco, A, Marianthi, A, Mcguinness, B, Fin, B, Ferrari, C, Custodero, C, Ferrarese, C, Ingino, C, Mangone, C, Reyes Toso, C, Martinez, C, Cuesta, C, Muchnik, C, Joachim, C, Ortiz, C, Besse, C, Johansson, C, Zoia, C, Laske, C, Anastasiou, C, Palacio, D, Politis, D, Janowitz, D, Craig, D, Mann, D, Neary, D, Jurgen, D, Daian, D, Belezhanska, D, Kohler, E, Castano, E, Koutsouraki, E, Chipi, E, De Roeck, E, Costantini, E, Vardy, E, Piras, F, Roveta, F, Prestia, F, Assogna, F, Salani, F, Sala, G, Lacidogna, G, Novack, G, Wilcock, G, Thonberg, H, Kolsch, H, Weber, H, Boecker, H, Etchepareborda, I, Piaceri, I, Tuomilehto, J, Lindstrom, J, Laczo, J, Johnston, J, Deleuze, J, Harris, J, Schott, J, Priller, J, Bacha, J, Snowden, J, Lisso, J, Mihova, K, Traykov, L, Morelli, L, Brusco, L, Rainer, M, Takalo, M, Bjerke, M, Del Zompo, M, Serpente, M, Sanchez Abalos, M, Rios, M, Peltonen, M, Herrman, M, Kohler, M, Rojo, M, Jones, M, Orsini, M, Medel, N, Olivar, N, Fox, N, Salvadori, N, Hooper, N, Galeano, P, Solis, P, Bastiani, P, Passmore, P, Heun, R, Antikainen, R, Olaso, R, Perneczky, R, Germani, S, Lopez-Garcia, S, Love, S, Mehrabian, S, Bagnoli, S, Kochen, S, Andreoni, S, Teipel, S, Todd, S, Pickering-Brown, S, Natunen, T, Tegos, T, Laatikainen, T, Strandberg, T, Polvikoski, T, Matoska, V, Ciullo, V, Cores, V, Solfrizzi, V, Lisetti, V, Sevillano, Z, Aguilera, N, Alarcon, E, Boada, M, Buendia, M, Canabate, P, Carracedo, A, Diego, S, Gailhajenet, A, Guitart, M, Ibarria, M, Lafuente, A, Maronas, O, Martin, E, Martinez, M, Marquie, M, Mauleon, A, Moreno, M, Orellana, A, Pancho, A, Peleja, E, Preckler, S, Real, L, Ruiz, A, Saez, M, Serrano-Rios, M, Tarraga, L, Vargas, L, Adarmes-Gomez, A, Alonso, M, Alvarez, V, Amer-Ferrer, G, Antequera, M, Bernal, M, Bullido, M, Burguera, J, Carrillo, F, Carrion-Claro, M, Casajeros, M, Clarimon, J, Cruz-Gamero, J, de Pancorbo, M, Escuela, R, Garrote-Espina, L, Garcia-Alberca, J, Garcia Madrona, S, Garcia-Ribas, G, Gomez-Garre, P, Hevilla, S, Jesus, S, Labrador Espinosa, M, Legaz, A, Lleo, A, Lopez de Munain, A, Macias-Garcia, D, Manzanares, S, Marin, M, Marin-Munoz, J, Marin, T, Martinez, B, Martinez, V, Martinez-Lage Alvarez, P, Medina, M, Mendioroz Iriarte, M, Mir, P, Molinuevo, J, Pastor, P, Perez Tur, J, Perinan-Tocino, T, Pineda-Sanchez, R, Pinol-Ripoll, G, Real de Asua, D, Rodrigo, S, Sanchez del Valle Diaz, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sastre, I, Vicente, M, Vigo-Ortega, R, Vivancos, L, Macleod, C, Mccracken, C, Brayne, C, Bresner, C, Grozeva, D, Bellou, E, Sommerville, E, Matthews, F, Leonenko, G, Menzies, G, Windle, G, Harwood, J, Phillips, J, Bennett, K, Luckuck, L, Clare, L, Woods, R, Saad, S, Burholt, V, Kehoe, P, Scheltens, P, Holstege, H, Amouyel, P, Schellenberg, G, Williams, J, Seshadri, S, van Duijn, C, Mather, K, Sanchez-Valle, R, Blennow, K, Huisman, M, Andreassen, O, Posthuma, D, van der Flier, W, Ramirez, A, Lambert, J, van der Lee, S, de Rojas I., Moreno-Grau S., Tesi N., Grenier-Boley B., Andrade V., Jansen I. E., Pedersen N. L., Stringa N., Zettergren A., Hernandez I., Montrreal L., Antunez C., Antonell A., Tankard R. M., Bis J. C., Sims R., Bellenguez C., Quintela I., Gonzalez-Perez A., Calero M., Franco-Macias E., Macias J., Blesa R., Cervera-Carles L., Menendez-Gonzalez M., Frank-Garcia A., Royo J. L., Moreno F., Huerto Vilas R., Baquero M., Diez-Fairen M., Lage C., Garcia-Madrona S., Garcia-Gonzalez P., Alarcon-Martin E., Valero S., Sotolongo-Grau O., Ullgren A., Naj A. C., Lemstra A. W., Benaque A., Perez-Cordon A., Benussi A., Rabano A., Padovani A., Squassina A., de Mendonca A., Arias Pastor A., Kok A. A. L., Meggy A., Pastor A. B., Espinosa A., Corma-Gomez A., Martin Montes A., Sanabria A., DeStefano A. L., Schneider A., Haapasalo A., Kinhult Stahlbom A., Tybjaerg-Hansen A., Hartmann A. M., Spottke A., Corbaton-Anchuelo A., Rongve A., Borroni B., Arosio B., Nacmias B., Nordestgaard B. G., Kunkle B. W., Charbonnier C., Abdelnour C., Masullo C., Martinez Rodriguez C., Munoz-Fernandez C., Dufouil C., Graff C., Ferreira C. B., Chillotti C., Reynolds C. A., Fenoglio C., Van Broeckhoven C., Clark C., Pisanu C., Satizabal C. L., Holmes C., Buiza-Rueda D., Aarsland D., Rujescu D., Alcolea D., Galimberti D., Wallon D., Seripa D., Grunblatt E., Dardiotis E., Duzel E., Scarpini E., Conti E., Rubino E., Gelpi E., Rodriguez-Rodriguez E., Duron E., Boerwinkle E., Ferri E., Tagliavini F., Kucukali F., Pasquier F., Sanchez-Garcia F., Mangialasche F., Jessen F., Nicolas G., Selbaek G., Ortega G., Chene G., Hadjigeorgiou G., Rossi G., Spalletta G., Giaccone G., Grande G., Binetti G., Papenberg G., Hampel H., Bailly H., Zetterberg H., Soininen H., Karlsson I. K., Alvarez I., Appollonio I., Giegling I., Skoog I., Saltvedt I., Rainero I., Rosas Allende I., Hort J., Diehl-Schmid J., Van Dongen J., Vidal J. -S., Lehtisalo J., Wiltfang J., Thomassen J. Q., Kornhuber J., Haines J. L., Vogelgsang J., Pineda J. A., Fortea J., Popp J., Deckert J., Buerger K., Morgan K., Fliessbach K., Sleegers K., Molina-Porcel L., Kilander L., Weinhold L., Farrer L. A., Wang L. -S., Kleineidam L., Farotti L., Parnetti L., Tremolizzo L., Hausner L., Benussi L., Froelich L., Ikram M. A., Deniz-Naranjo M. C., Tsolaki M., Rosende-Roca M., Lowenmark M., Hulsman M., Spallazzi M., Pericak-Vance M. A., Esiri M., Bernal Sanchez-Arjona M., Dalmasso M. C., Martinez-Larrad M. T., Arcaro M., Nothen M. M., Fernandez-Fuertes M., Dichgans M., Ingelsson M., Herrmann M. J., Scherer M., Vyhnalek M., Kosmidis M. H., Yannakoulia M., Schmid M., Ewers M., Heneka M. T., Wagner M., Scamosci M., Kivipelto M., Hiltunen M., Zulaica M., Alegret M., Fornage M., Roberto N., van Schoor N. M., Seidu N. M., Banaj N., Armstrong N. J., Scarmeas N., Scherbaum N., Goldhardt O., Hanon O., Peters O., Skrobot O. A., Quenez O., Lerch O., Bossu P., Caffarra P., Dionigi Rossi P., Sakka P., Mecocci P., Hoffmann P., Holmans P. A., Fischer P., Riederer P., Yang Q., Marshall R., Kalaria R. N., Mayeux R., Vandenberghe R., Cecchetti R., Ghidoni R., Frikke-Schmidt R., Sorbi S., Hagg S., Engelborghs S., Helisalmi S., Botne Sando S., Kern S., Archetti S., Boschi S., Fostinelli S., Gil S., Mendoza S., Mead S., Ciccone S., Djurovic S., Heilmann-Heimbach S., Riedel-Heller S., Kuulasmaa T., del Ser T., Lebouvier T., Polak T., Ngandu T., Grimmer T., Bessi V., Escott-Price V., Giedraitis V., Deramecourt V., Maier W., Jian X., Pijnenburg Y. A. L., Smith A. D., Saenz A., Bizzarro A., Lauria A., Vacca A., Solomon A., Anastasiou A., Richardson A., Boland A., Koivisto A., Daniele A., Greco A., Marianthi A., McGuinness B., Fin B., Ferrari C., Custodero C., Ferrarese C., Ingino C., Mangone C., Reyes Toso C., Martinez C., Cuesta C., Muchnik C., Joachim C., Ortiz C., Besse C., Johansson C., Zoia C. P., Laske C., Anastasiou C., Palacio D. L., Politis D. G., Janowitz D., Craig D., Mann D. M., Neary D., Jurgen D., Daian D., Belezhanska D., Kohler E., Castano E. M., Koutsouraki E., Chipi E., De Roeck E., Costantini E., Vardy E. R. L. C., Piras F., Roveta F., Prestia F. A., Assogna F., Salani F., Sala G., Lacidogna G., Novack G., Wilcock G., Thonberg H., Kolsch H., Weber H., Boecker H., Etchepareborda I., Piaceri I., Tuomilehto J., Lindstrom J., Laczo J., Johnston J., Deleuze J. -F., Harris J., Schott J. M., Priller J., Bacha J. I., Snowden J., Lisso J., Mihova K. Y., Traykov L., Morelli L., Brusco L. I., Rainer M., Takalo M., Bjerke M., Del Zompo M., Serpente M., Sanchez Abalos M., Rios M., Peltonen M., Herrman M. J., Kohler M., Rojo M., Jones M., Orsini M., Medel N., Olivar N., Fox N. C., Salvadori N., Hooper N. M., Galeano P., Solis P., Bastiani P., Passmore P., Heun R., Antikainen R., Olaso R., Perneczky R., Germani S., Lopez-Garcia S., Love S., Mehrabian S., Bagnoli S., Kochen S., Andreoni S., Teipel S., Todd S., Pickering-Brown S., Natunen T., Tegos T., Laatikainen T., Strandberg T., Polvikoski T. M., Matoska V., Ciullo V., Cores V., Solfrizzi V., Lisetti V., Sevillano Z., Aguilera N., Alarcon E., Boada M., Buendia M., Canabate P., Carracedo A., Diego S., Gailhajenet A., Guitart M., Ibarria M., Lafuente A., Maronas O., Martin E., Martinez M. T., Marquie M., Mauleon A., Moreno M., Orellana A., Pancho A., Peleja E., Preckler S., Real L. M., Ruiz A., Saez M. E., Serrano-Rios M., Tarraga L., Vargas L., Adarmes-Gomez A. D., Alonso M. D., Alvarez V., Amer-Ferrer G., Antequera M., Bernal M., Bullido M. J., Burguera J. A., Carrillo F., Carrion-Claro M., Casajeros M. J., Clarimon J., Cruz-Gamero J. M., de Pancorbo M. M., Escuela R., Garrote-Espina L., Garcia-Alberca J. M., Garcia Madrona S., Garcia-Ribas G., Gomez-Garre P., Hevilla S., Jesus S., Labrador Espinosa M. A., Legaz A., Lleo A., Lopez de Munain A., Macias-Garcia D., Manzanares S., Marin M., Marin-Munoz J., Marin T., Martinez B., Martinez V., Martinez-Lage Alvarez P., Medina M., Mendioroz Iriarte M., Mir P., Molinuevo J. L., Pastor P., Perez Tur J., Perinan-Tocino T., Pineda-Sanchez R., Pinol-Ripoll G., Real de Asua D., Rodrigo S., Sanchez del Valle Diaz R., Sanchez-Juan P., Sastre I., Vicente M. P., Vigo-Ortega R., Vivancos L., Macleod C., McCracken C., Brayne C., Bresner C., Grozeva D., Bellou E., Sommerville E. W., Matthews F., Leonenko G., Menzies G., Windle G., Harwood J., Phillips J., Bennett K., Luckuck L., Clare L., Woods R., Saad S., Burholt V., Kehoe P. G., Scheltens P., Holstege H., Amouyel P., Schellenberg G. D., Williams J., Seshadri S., van Duijn C. M., Mather K. A., Sanchez-Valle R., Blennow K., Huisman M., Andreassen O. A., Posthuma D., van der Flier W. M., Ramirez A., Lambert J. -C., and van der Lee S. J.

Abstract

The original version of this Article omitted from the author list the 212th author Patrizia Mecocci, who is from the Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. Consequently, the “Sample Contribution” section of Author Contributions was updated to add “P.M” between “P.D.” and “R.C.”. Additionally, the original version of this Article contained the incorrect affiliation for author Patrick Gavin Kehoe, which incorrectly read “German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany”. The correct version replaces this affiliation with “Bristol Medical School (THS), University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK”. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Published
2023

23. (42355) Typhon-Echidna: Scheduling Observations for Binary Orbit Determination

Author

Grundy, W. M., Noll, K. S., Virtanen, J., Muinonen, K., Kern, S. D., Stephens, D. C., Stansberry, J. A., Levison, H. F., and Spencer, J. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe a strategy for scheduling astrometric observations to minimize the number required to determine the mutual orbits of binary transneptunian systems. The method is illustrated by application to Hubble Space Telescope observations of (42355) Typhon-Echidna, revealing that Typhon and Echidna orbit one another with a period of 18.971 +/- 0.006 days and a semimajor axis of 1628 +/- 29 km, implying a system mass of (9.49 +/- 0.52) x 10^17 kg. The eccentricity of the orbit is 0.526 +/- 0.015. Combined with a radiometric size determined from Spitzer Space Telescope data and the assumption that Typhon and Echidna both have the same albedo, we estimate that their radii are 76 +14/-16 and 42 +8/-9 km, respectively. These numbers give an average bulk density of only 0.44 +0.44/-0.17 g cm^-3, consistent with very low bulk densities recently reported for two other small transneptunian binaries.

Published
2008
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24. The orbit, mass, size, albedo, and density of (65489) Ceto/Phorcys: A tidally-evolved binary Centaur

Author

Grundy, W. M., Stansberry, J. A., Noll, K. S., Stephens, D. C., Trilling, D. E., Kern, S. D., Spencer, J. R., Cruikshank, D. P., and Levison, H. F.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Hubble Space Telescope observations of Uranus- and Neptune-crossing object (65489) Ceto/Phorcys (provisionally designated 2003 FX128) reveal it to be a close binary system. The mutual orbit has a period of 9.554 +/- 0.011 days and a semimajor axis of 1840 +/- 48 km. These values enable computation of a system mass of (5.41 +/- 0.42) 10^18 kg. Spitzer Space Telescope observations of thermal emission at 24 and 70 microns are combined with visible photometry to constrain the system's effective radius (109 +10/-11 km) and geometric albedo (0.084 +0.021/-0.014). We estimate the average bulk density to be 1.37 +0.66/-0.32 g cm^-3, consistent with ice plus rocky and/or carbonaceous materials. This density contrasts with lower densities recently measured with the same technique for three other comparably-sized outer Solar System binaries (617) Patroclus, (26308) 1998 SM165, and (47171) 1999 TC36, and is closer to the density of the saturnian irregular satellite Phoebe. The mutual orbit of Ceto and Phorcys is nearly circular, with an eccentricity <= 0.015. This observation is consistent with calculations suggesting that the system should tidally evolve on a timescale shorter than the age of the solar system.

Published
2007
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26. Crystal Field Effects in CeIrIn5

Author

Christianson, A. D., Lawrence, J. M., Riseborough, P. S., Moreno, N. O., Pagliuso, P. G., Bauer, E. D., Sarrao, J. L., Bao, W., Goremychkin, E. A., Kern, S., Trouw, F. R., and Hehlen, M. P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

In this work, we study crystalline electric field effects in the heavy fermion superconductor CeIrIn5. We observe two regions of broad magnetic response in the inelastic neutron scattering spectra at 10 K. The first corresponds to the transition between the gamma7 groundstate doublet and the first excited state doublet at 4 meV interwoven with a broad quasielastic contribution. The second region corresponds to the transition between the ground state and the second excited state doublet at 28 meV. The large Lorentzian half-widths of the peaks (~10 meV) calls into question calculations for the specific heat and magnetic susceptibility that assume sharp crystal field levels. Consequently, we have calculated the inelastic neutron scattering spectra and magnetic susceptibility using the Anderson impurity model within the non-crossing approximation (NCA) including the effects of crystal field level splitting., Comment: submitted to J. Neutron Research

Published
2004

27. Procedures, Resources, and Selected Results of the Deep Ecliptic Survey

Author

Buie, M. W., Millis, R. L., Wasserman, L. H., Elliot, J. L., Kern, S. D., Clancy, K. B., Chiang, E. I., Jordan, A. B., Meech, K. J., Wagner, R. M., and Trilling, D. E.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The Deep Ecliptic Survey is a project whose goal is to survey a large area of the near-ecliptic region to a faint limiting magnitude (R ~ 24) in search of objects in the outer solar system. We are collecting a large homogeneous data sample from the Kitt Peak Mayall 4-m and Cerro Tololo Blanco 4-m telescopes with the Mosaic prime-focus CCD cameras. Our goal is to collect a sample of 500 objects with good orbits to further our understanding of the dynamical structure of the outer solar system. This survey has been in progress since 1998 and is responsible for 272 designated discoveries as of March 2003. We summarize our techniques, highlight recent results, and describe publically available resources., Comment: Earth, Moon, and Planets, as part of First Decadal Review of the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt special issue, peer-reviewed and accepted

Published
2003
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28. Resonance Occupation in the Kuiper Belt: Case Examples of the 5:2 and Trojan Resonances

Author

Chiang, E. I., Jordan, A. B., Millis, R. L., Buie, M. W., Wasserman, L. H., Elliot, J. L., Kern, S. D., Trilling, D. E., Meech, K. J., and Wagner, R. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

As part of our ongoing Deep Ecliptic Survey (DES) of the Kuiper belt, we report on the occupation of the 1:1 (Trojan), 4:3, 3:2, 7:4, 2:1, and 5:2 Neptunian mean-motion resonances (MMRs). The occupation of the 1:1 and 5:2 MMRs is not easily understood within the standard model of resonance sweeping by a migratory Neptune over an initially dynamically cold belt. Our dynamically hot, 5:2 resonant objects can librate with modest amplitudes of 90 deg within the resonance for at least 1 Gyr. Their trajectories cannot be explained by close encounters with Neptune alone, given the latter's current orbit. The hot orbits of such 5:2 resonant KBOs, unlike hot orbits of previously known resonant KBOs, may imply that these objects were pre-heated to large inclination and large eccentricity prior to resonance capture by a migratory Neptune. Our first discovered Neptunian Trojan, 2001QR322, may not owe its existence to Neptune's migration at all. The trajectory of 2001QR322 is remarkably stable; the object can undergo tadpole-type libration about Neptune's leading Lagrange (L4) point for at least 1 Gyr with a libration amplitude of 24 deg. Trojan capture probably occurred while Neptune accreted the bulk of its mass. For an assumed albedo of 12--4%, our Trojan is 130--230 km in diameter. Model-dependent estimates place the total number of Neptune Trojans resembling 2001QR322 at 20--60. Their existence might rule out violent orbital histories for Neptune., Comment: Accepted to AJ, final version, contains list of names of all resonant KBOs known to humanity as of Feb 1 2003

Published
2003
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29. Neutron scattering study of cyrstal fields in CeRhIn5

Author

Christianson, A. D., Lawrence, J. M., Pagliuso, P. G., Moreno, N. O., Sarrao, J. L., Thompson, J. D., Riseborough, P. S., Kern, S., Goremychkin, E. A., and Lacerda, A. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Neutron scattering results for the tetragonal compound CeRhIn5 give evidence for two crystal field (CF) excitations at 6.9 and 23.6 meV. The scattering can be fit assuming a set of CF parameters B$^{0}_{2}$ = -1.03 meV, B$^{0}_{4}$ = 0.044 meV and B$^{4}_{4}$ = 0.122 meV. To compare our results to previous work, we calculate the susceptibility and specific heat for this CF scheme, including a molecular field term $\lambda = $35 mol/emu to account for the Kondo effect. We also include a calculation based on these CF parameters that uses the non-crossing approximation to the Anderson model to estimate the effect of Kondo physics on the susceptibility, specific heat and neutron linewidths., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures

Published
2002
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33. The ChatGPT Artificial Intelligence Chatbot: How Well Does It Answer Accounting Assessment Questions?

Author

Wood, DA, Achhpilia, MP, Adams, MT, Aghazadeh, S, Akinyele, K, Akpan, M, Allee, KD, Allen, AM, Almer, ED, Ames, D, Arity, V, Barr-Pulliam, D, Basoglu, KA, Belnap, A, Bentley, JW, Berg, T, Berglund, NR, Berry, E, Bhandari, A, Bhuyan, MNH, Black, PW, Blondeel, E, Bond, D, Bonrath, A, Borthick, AF, Boyle, ES, Bradford, M, Brandon, DM, Brazel, JF, Brockbank, BG, Burger, M, Byzalov, D, Cannon, JN, Caro, C, Carr, AH, Cathey, J, Cating, R, Charron, K, Chavez, S, Chen, J, Chen, JC, Chen, JW, Cheng, C, Cheng, X, Christensen, BE, Church, KS, Cicone, NJ, Constance, P, Cooper, LA, Correia, CL, Coyne, J, Cram, WA, Curtis, A, Daigle, RJ, Dannemiller, S, Davenport, SA, Dawson, GS, De Meyst, KJL, Dell, S, Demirkan, S, Denison, CA, Desai, H, DeSimone, S, Diehl, LM, Dimes, R, Dong, B, Donnelly, A, du Pon, A, Duan, HK, Duffey, A, Dunn, RT, Durkin, MP, Dzuranin, AC, Eberle, RM, Ege, MS, El Mahdy, D, Esplin, A, Eulerich, M, Everaert, P, Farah, N, Farish, L, Favere-Marchesi, M, Fayard, D, Filosa, JR, Ford, M, Franz, DR, Fulmer, BP, Fulmer, S, Furner, ZZ, Gantman, S, Garner, S, Garrett, J, Geng, X, Golden, J, Goldman, W, Gomez, J, Gooley, M, Granitto, SP, Green, KY, Greenman, CL, Gupta, G, Guymon, RN, Hale, K, Harper, CJ, Hartt, SA, Hawk, H, Hawkins, SR, Hawkins, EM, Hay, DC, Heinzelmann, R, Henderson, CD, Hendricks, BE, Heninger, WG, Hill, MS, Holden, N, Holderness, DK, Holt, TP, Hoopes, JL, Hsieh, S-F, Huang, F, Huang, H-W, Huang, T-C, Huels, BW, Hunter, K, Hurley, PJ, Inger, K, Islam, S, Ison, I, Issa, H, Jackson, AB, Jackson, SC, Janvrin, DJ, Jimenez, PD, Johanson, D, Judd, JS, Kawada, BS, Kelton, AS, Kern, S, Kerr, JN, Keune, MB, Kim, M, Knox, BD, Kogan, G, Kotb, A, Krane, R, Kremin, J, Krieg, KS, Kugel, J, Kulset, EM, Kuruppu, C, LaDuca, G, Lamberton, BA, Lamboy-Ruiz, MA, Lang, B, Larocque, SA, Larson, MP, Lawson, BP, Lawson, JG, Lee, L, Lenk, MM, Li-Kuehne, M, Liljegren, J, Lin, Y-H, Liu, W-P, Liu, Z, Lock, B, Long, JH, Loraas, T, Lowensohn, S, Loy, TR, Lyngstadaas, H, Maas, W, MacGregor, JE, Madsen, DØ, Malone, CL, Margolin, M, Marshall, ME, Martin, RM, Mpofu, CM, McCoy, C, McGuigan, NC, McSwain, DN, Meckfessel, MD, Mellon, MJ, Melton, OS, Mercado, JM, Mitsuda, S, Modugu, K, Moehrle, S, Chaghervand, AM, Moffitt, K, Moon, JS, Muehlmann, B, Murray, J, Mwaungulu, ES, Myers, N, Naegle, JC, Ndicu, MJ, Nelson, AS, Nguyen, AL, Niederkofler, T, Nikbakht, E, O'Brien, AD, Ogunade, KM, O'Leary, D, Oler, MJ, Oler, DK, Olsen, KJ, Otalor, JI, Outlaw, KW, Ozlanski, ME, Parlier, J, Paterson, JS, Pearson, CA, Petersen, MJ, Petra, ST, Pickard, MD, Pickerd, J, Pinsker, R, Plante, C, Plečnik, JM, Price, RA, Quick, LA, Raedy, J, Raschke, R, Ravenscraft, J, Richardson, V, Rixom, BA, Robertson, JF, Rock, I, Romney, MA, Rozario, A, Ruff, MF, Rupley, K, Saeedi, A, Saiewitz, A, Salzsieder, LW, Sarkar, S, Saulls, M, Scanlan, TA, Schaefer, TJ, Schaupp, D, Schneider, GP, Seebeck, A, Sellers, RD, Seto, SC, Sevel, R-L, Shan, Y, Sherwood, MG, Singorahardjo, M, Skaftadottir, HK, Skomra, J, Smith, JL, Smith, DO, Smith, J, Snow, MC, Sommerfeldt, RD, Sorensen, KB, Sorensen, TL, Spieler, AC, Stallings, MA, Stallings, L, Stancill, A, Stanley, JD, Stefaniak, CM, Stephens, NM, Stewart, BW, Stratopoulos, TC, Street, DA, Subedi, M, Summers, SL, Sundkvist, CH, Synn, C, Tadesse, A, Tapis, GP, Tassin, K, Taylor, S, Teal, M, Teeter, R, Tharapos, M, Theis, JC, Thomas, J, Thompson, KS, Thornock, TA, Tietz, W, Travalent, AM, Trinkle, BS, Truelson, JM, Turner, MC, Vagner, B, Vakilzadeh, H, van der Geest, J, van Pelt, V, Vandervelde, SD, Vega, J, Vera-Muñoz, S, Villanueva, B, Vincent, NE, Wagener, M, Walton, S, Warne, RC, Watanabe, OV, Watson, D, Watson, MW, Weber, J, Weirich, T, West, AN, Wilford, AL, Wilson, AB, Winrow, B, Winrow, T, Winrow, TS, Wiseman, D, Witte, AL, Wood, BD, Wood, J, Woolley, D, Wright, NS, Wu, J, Xiong, X, Yatsenko, D, Yazzie, CE, Young, GM, Zhang, C, Zimmerman, AB, Zoet, E, Wood, DA, Achhpilia, MP, Adams, MT, Aghazadeh, S, Akinyele, K, Akpan, M, Allee, KD, Allen, AM, Almer, ED, Ames, D, Arity, V, Barr-Pulliam, D, Basoglu, KA, Belnap, A, Bentley, JW, Berg, T, Berglund, NR, Berry, E, Bhandari, A, Bhuyan, MNH, Black, PW, Blondeel, E, Bond, D, Bonrath, A, Borthick, AF, Boyle, ES, Bradford, M, Brandon, DM, Brazel, JF, Brockbank, BG, Burger, M, Byzalov, D, Cannon, JN, Caro, C, Carr, AH, Cathey, J, Cating, R, Charron, K, Chavez, S, Chen, J, Chen, JC, Chen, JW, Cheng, C, Cheng, X, Christensen, BE, Church, KS, Cicone, NJ, Constance, P, Cooper, LA, Correia, CL, Coyne, J, Cram, WA, Curtis, A, Daigle, RJ, Dannemiller, S, Davenport, SA, Dawson, GS, De Meyst, KJL, Dell, S, Demirkan, S, Denison, CA, Desai, H, DeSimone, S, Diehl, LM, Dimes, R, Dong, B, Donnelly, A, du Pon, A, Duan, HK, Duffey, A, Dunn, RT, Durkin, MP, Dzuranin, AC, Eberle, RM, Ege, MS, El Mahdy, D, Esplin, A, Eulerich, M, Everaert, P, Farah, N, Farish, L, Favere-Marchesi, M, Fayard, D, Filosa, JR, Ford, M, Franz, DR, Fulmer, BP, Fulmer, S, Furner, ZZ, Gantman, S, Garner, S, Garrett, J, Geng, X, Golden, J, Goldman, W, Gomez, J, Gooley, M, Granitto, SP, Green, KY, Greenman, CL, Gupta, G, Guymon, RN, Hale, K, Harper, CJ, Hartt, SA, Hawk, H, Hawkins, SR, Hawkins, EM, Hay, DC, Heinzelmann, R, Henderson, CD, Hendricks, BE, Heninger, WG, Hill, MS, Holden, N, Holderness, DK, Holt, TP, Hoopes, JL, Hsieh, S-F, Huang, F, Huang, H-W, Huang, T-C, Huels, BW, Hunter, K, Hurley, PJ, Inger, K, Islam, S, Ison, I, Issa, H, Jackson, AB, Jackson, SC, Janvrin, DJ, Jimenez, PD, Johanson, D, Judd, JS, Kawada, BS, Kelton, AS, Kern, S, Kerr, JN, Keune, MB, Kim, M, Knox, BD, Kogan, G, Kotb, A, Krane, R, Kremin, J, Krieg, KS, Kugel, J, Kulset, EM, Kuruppu, C, LaDuca, G, Lamberton, BA, Lamboy-Ruiz, MA, Lang, B, Larocque, SA, Larson, MP, Lawson, BP, Lawson, JG, Lee, L, Lenk, MM, Li-Kuehne, M, Liljegren, J, Lin, Y-H, Liu, W-P, Liu, Z, Lock, B, Long, JH, Loraas, T, Lowensohn, S, Loy, TR, Lyngstadaas, H, Maas, W, MacGregor, JE, Madsen, DØ, Malone, CL, Margolin, M, Marshall, ME, Martin, RM, Mpofu, CM, McCoy, C, McGuigan, NC, McSwain, DN, Meckfessel, MD, Mellon, MJ, Melton, OS, Mercado, JM, Mitsuda, S, Modugu, K, Moehrle, S, Chaghervand, AM, Moffitt, K, Moon, JS, Muehlmann, B, Murray, J, Mwaungulu, ES, Myers, N, Naegle, JC, Ndicu, MJ, Nelson, AS, Nguyen, AL, Niederkofler, T, Nikbakht, E, O'Brien, AD, Ogunade, KM, O'Leary, D, Oler, MJ, Oler, DK, Olsen, KJ, Otalor, JI, Outlaw, KW, Ozlanski, ME, Parlier, J, Paterson, JS, Pearson, CA, Petersen, MJ, Petra, ST, Pickard, MD, Pickerd, J, Pinsker, R, Plante, C, Plečnik, JM, Price, RA, Quick, LA, Raedy, J, Raschke, R, Ravenscraft, J, Richardson, V, Rixom, BA, Robertson, JF, Rock, I, Romney, MA, Rozario, A, Ruff, MF, Rupley, K, Saeedi, A, Saiewitz, A, Salzsieder, LW, Sarkar, S, Saulls, M, Scanlan, TA, Schaefer, TJ, Schaupp, D, Schneider, GP, Seebeck, A, Sellers, RD, Seto, SC, Sevel, R-L, Shan, Y, Sherwood, MG, Singorahardjo, M, Skaftadottir, HK, Skomra, J, Smith, JL, Smith, DO, Smith, J, Snow, MC, Sommerfeldt, RD, Sorensen, KB, Sorensen, TL, Spieler, AC, Stallings, MA, Stallings, L, Stancill, A, Stanley, JD, Stefaniak, CM, Stephens, NM, Stewart, BW, Stratopoulos, TC, Street, DA, Subedi, M, Summers, SL, Sundkvist, CH, Synn, C, Tadesse, A, Tapis, GP, Tassin, K, Taylor, S, Teal, M, Teeter, R, Tharapos, M, Theis, JC, Thomas, J, Thompson, KS, Thornock, TA, Tietz, W, Travalent, AM, Trinkle, BS, Truelson, JM, Turner, MC, Vagner, B, Vakilzadeh, H, van der Geest, J, van Pelt, V, Vandervelde, SD, Vega, J, Vera-Muñoz, S, Villanueva, B, Vincent, NE, Wagener, M, Walton, S, Warne, RC, Watanabe, OV, Watson, D, Watson, MW, Weber, J, Weirich, T, West, AN, Wilford, AL, Wilson, AB, Winrow, B, Winrow, T, Winrow, TS, Wiseman, D, Witte, AL, Wood, BD, Wood, J, Woolley, D, Wright, NS, Wu, J, Xiong, X, Yatsenko, D, Yazzie, CE, Young, GM, Zhang, C, Zimmerman, AB, and Zoet, E

Abstract

ChatGPT, a language-learning model chatbot, has garnered considerable attention for its ability to respond to users’ questions. Using data from 14 countries and 186 institutions, we compare ChatGPT and student performance for 28,085 questions from accounting assessments and textbook test banks. As of January 2023, ChatGPT provides correct answers for 56.5 percent of questions and partially correct answers for an additional 9.4 percent of questions. When considering point values for questions, students significantly outperform ChatGPT with a 76.7 percent average on assessments compared to 47.5 percent for ChatGPT if no partial credit is awarded and 56.5 percent if partial credit is awarded. Still, ChatGPT performs better than the student average for 15.8 percent of assessments when we include partial credit. We provide evidence of how ChatGPT performs on different question types, accounting topics, class levels, open/closed assessments, and test bank questions. We also discuss implications for accounting education and research.

Published
2023

34. Fingerprinting of chlorinated paraffins and their transformation products in plastic consumer products

Author

Mendo Diaz, O, Tell, A, Knobloch, M, Canonica, E, Walder, C, Buser, A M, Stalder, U, Bigler, Laurent; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-3594, Kern, S; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-9567, Bleiner, D, Heeb, N V, Mendo Diaz, O, Tell, A, Knobloch, M, Canonica, E, Walder, C, Buser, A M, Stalder, U, Bigler, Laurent; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-3594, Kern, S; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-9567, Bleiner, D, and Heeb, N V

Abstract

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) can be classified according to their length as short-chain (SC, C10-C13), medium-chain (MC, C14-C17) and long-chain (LC, C ≥ 18) CPs. Technical CP-mixtures can contain a wide range of carbon- (C-, nC = 10-30) and chlorine- (Cl-, nCl = 3-19) homologues. CPs are high-production volume chemicals (>106 t/y). They are used as flame-retardants, plasticizers and coolant fluids. Due to the persistence, bioaccumulation, long-range environmental transport potential and adverse effects, SCCPs are regulated as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention. Transformation of CPs can lead to the formation of unsaturated compounds such as chlorinated mono- (CO), di- (CdiO) and tri-olefins (CtriO). Such transformation reactions can occur at different stages of CP manipulation providing characteristic C-/Cl-homologue distributions. All this results in unique patterns that collectively create a fingerprint, which can be distinguished from CP-containing samples. Therefore, CP-fingerprinting can develop into a promising tool for future source apportionment studies and with it, the reduction of environmental burden of CPs and hazards to humans. Herein, CP-containing plastics were studied to establish fingerprints and develop this method. We analyzed four household items by reverse-phase liquid-chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source and an Orbitrap mass analyzer (RP-LC-APCI-Orbitrap-MS) operated at a resolution of 120000 (FWHM at m/z 200). MS-data of different CP-, CO-, CdiO- and CtriO-homologues were efficiently processed with an R-based automatic mass spectra evaluation routine (RASER). From the 16720 ions searched for, up to 4300 ions per sample were assigned to 340 C-/Cl-homologues of CPs and their transformation products. Specific fingerprints were deduced from the C-/Cl-homologues distributions, the carbon- (nC) and chlorine- (nCl) numbers and saturation degree. These fin

Published
2023

35. Value chain stakeholder preferences are misaligned with economic weights derived from the bio-economic model: what is the effect on the ranking of candidates?

Author

Kern, S., Santos, B., Topp, B., Cave, R., Bignell, Grant W., Mulo, Shane, Hardner, C., Kern, S., Santos, B., Topp, B., Cave, R., Bignell, Grant W., Mulo, Shane, and Hardner, C.

Abstract

While breeding values for key traits are often known by horticultural crop breeders, the definition of each trait’s economic component has remained a grey area. The lack of pertinent quantitative data to derive economic weights limits the capacity of breeders to capture the direction the industry wishes to take and select cultivars accordingly. Price signal (all sources of income and costs related to a trait) is a relevant source of data to determine the economic weight of traits through bio-economic modelling. However, if price signals for a trait are only partially captured, its weight may become distorted. Using industry stakeholder preferences to rank the trait improvements may address price signal gaps. Using Kern et al. (2021), choice analysis data, the difference between weights derived from bio-economic modelling and stakeholder preferences for yield (tree age 10-20), canopy width, and kernel recovery was 10, 0, and -16%, respectively. The ranking of 30 macadamia cultivars was based on two sets of weights. The candidates’ genetic values, yield (kg tree‑1) for tree age 0-8, kernel recovery (%) and canopy width (m), both at tree age 8, were used to determine the candidates’ profitability. Results showed a correlation (r=0.997) between cultivar rankings using weights derived through the bio-economic model and stakeholders’ preferences. This indicates that despite the wide range of profitability between candidates (from $ 10,000 to 92,000), integrating stakeholders’ preferences to the economic weights did not significantly alter the ranking of the 30 candidates. Further research must be done to evaluate the impact of large differences between weights derived from bio-economic modelling and stakeholder preferences on economic weight. The results of this research would confirm the necessity of investing in a formal and industry-approved bio-economic model, or to develop a time-efficient approach emphasizing stakeholders’ preferences to determine economic weights.

Published
2023

36. Reflection-enhanced gain in traveling-wave parametric amplifiers

Author

Kern, S., primary, Neilinger, P., additional, Il'ichev, E., additional, Sultanov, A., additional, Schmelz, M., additional, Linzen, S., additional, Kunert, J., additional, Oelsner, G., additional, Stolz, R., additional, Danilov, A., additional, Mahashabde, S., additional, Jayaraman, A., additional, Antonov, V., additional, Kubatkin, S., additional, and Grajcar, M., additional

Published
2023
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