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In the past two decades, various space agencies have shown great enthusiasm for constructing habitable structures on lunar and Martian surfaces. Consequently, several extraterrestrial structures have been proposed by different researchers. Nevertheless, only a small number of those structures are energy-efficient and cost-effective. In this research, a comprehensive review of the proposed extraterrestrial structures has been conducted. The objective is to evaluate different habitat construction techniques from technical, economic, and energy-consumption perspectives. To carry this out, different proposed structures are elaborated, and their advantages and limitations are discussed. The primary focus is on the 3D printing technique, which has demonstrated significant potential in automated manufacturing tasks. From the conducted research, it was found that the combination of 3D-printed components along with an internal breathable inflatable module is the most promising technique for habitat development on the Moon and Mars. Moreover, the microwave sintering method was identified as the most energy-saving and reliable approach for melting the on-site regolith for use in the 3D printing process. This survey has applied a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate the most energy-saving planetary construction techniques that are economically crucial for different private or government-funded space agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tailings storage dams are considered to be one of the most essential facilities in mining projects. In metal mines, after blasting the rocks, the blasted ore is transferred to specific industrial plants for processing operations. During such operations, a large amount of pollutant tailings are inevitably generated. Those tailings must be safely stored in previously constructed storage dams. In this research, a storage dam has been designed to store the tailings of the Iranian Sangan Iron Mine project. The geometry and capacity of the dam were designed to minimize the construction works and to maintain the stability of the facility. To assess the stability of the proposed storage dam, a numerical analysis was performed for both static and dynamic loading conditions. The results showed that the embankment is stable under these two different loading conditions. Hence, the proposed design can be successfully adopted for the construction of a tailings storage dam in the project. In addition, the methodology presented in this research can be used by geotechnic engineers to design safe tailings storage dams in mining projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]