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2. Age-time-specific transmission of hand-foot-and-mouth disease enterovirus serotypes in Vietnam: A catalytic model with maternal immunity

Author

Chen, Yining, Nguyet, Lam Anh, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, Qui, Phan Tu, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Anh, Nguyen To, Thanh, Le Kim, Phuong, Huynh Thi, Vy, Nguyen Ha Thao, Thanh, Nguyen Thi Le, Khanh, Truong Huu, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, Viet, Do Chau, Nam, Nguyen Tran, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, van Doorn, H. Rogier, Tan, Le Van, and Clapham, Hannah

Published
2024
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3. Severity Detection Tool for Patients with Infectious Disease

Author

Tadesse, Girmaw Abebe, Zhu, Tingting, Thanh, Nhan Le Nguyen, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, Duong, Ha Thi Hai, Khanh, Truong Huu, Van Quang, Pham, Tran, Duc Duong, Yen, LamMinh, Van Doorn, H Rogier, Van Hao, Nguyen, Prince, John, Javed, Hamza, DaniKiyasseh, Van Tan, Le, Thwaites, Louise, and Clifton, David A.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and tetanus are serious infectious diseases in low and middle income countries. Tetanus in particular has a high mortality rate and its treatment is resource-demanding. Furthermore, HFMD often affects a large number of infants and young children. As a result, its treatment consumes enormous healthcare resources, especially when outbreaks occur. Autonomic nervous system dysfunction (ANSD) is the main cause of death for both HFMD and tetanus patients. However, early detection of ANSD is a difficult and challenging problem. In this paper, we aim to provide a proof-of-principle to detect the ANSD level automatically by applying machine learning techniques to physiological patient data, such as electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveforms, which can be collected using low-cost wearable sensors. Efficient features are extracted that encode variations in the waveforms in the time and frequency domains. A support vector machine is employed to classify the ANSD levels. The proposed approach is validated on multiple datasets of HFMD and tetanus patients in Vietnam. Results show that encouraging performance is achieved in classifying ANSD levels. Moreover, the proposed features are simple, more generalisable and outperformed the standard heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. The proposed approach would facilitate both the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in low and middle income countries, and thereby improve overall patient care.

Published
2019

4. Neutralizing Antibodies against Enteroviruses in Patients with Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Author

Nguyet, Lam Anh, Thanh, Tran Tan, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Anh, Nguyen To, Han, Do Duong Kim, Tuan, Ha Manh, Huy, Vu Quang, Viet, Ho Lu, Cuong, Hoang Quoc, Thao, Nguyen Thi Thanh, Viet, Do Chau, Khanh, Truong Huu, Thwaites, Louise, Clapham, Hannah, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, Thwaites, Guy, Ha, Do Quang, van Doorn, H. Rogier, and Tan, Le Van

Subjects
Vaccines -- Research -- Health aspects, Coxsackievirus infections -- Research -- Care and treatment -- Health aspects, Foot and mouth disease -- Research -- Care and treatment -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Infection -- Research -- Care and treatment -- Health aspects, Antibodies -- Health aspects, Pathogenic microorganisms, Diseases, Health
Abstract

Since 1997, hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has emerged as a serious childhood infection in the Asia-Pacific region (1,2) with the potential of spreading to other parts of the [...]

Published
2020
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5. Enterovirus A71 Phenotypes Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam

Author

Van, Hoang Minh Tu, Anh, Nguyen To, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, Nguyet, Lam Anh, Thanh, Tran Tan, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, Khanh, Truong Huu, Viet, Ho Lu, Viet, Do Chau, Tuan, Ha Manh, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, Quy, Du Tuan, Ha, Do Quang, Qui, Phan Tu, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, Thwaites, Guy, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, Thwaites, Louise, van Doorn, H. Rogier, and Tan, Le Van

Subjects
Coxsackievirus infections -- Genetic aspects, Foot and mouth disease -- Genetic aspects, Phenotypes, Health
Abstract

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71)-associated hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a major problem in Asia. With >1 million cases reported across the region annually, HFMD is attributed to large numbers [...]

Published
2019
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7. Study protocol: The clinical features, epidemiology, and causes of paediatric encephalitis in southern Vietnam

Author

Huong, Nguyen Hoang Thien, primary, Toan, Nguyen Duc, additional, Quy, Du Tuan, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Thinh, Le Quoc, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Minh, Ngo Ngoc Quang, additional, Turner, Hugo, additional, Thwaites, Louise, additional, Irani, Sarosh, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2022
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8. Absence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pre-pandemic plasma from children and adults in Vietnam

Author

Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, Nguyet, Lam Anh, Tu, Nguyen Thi Kha, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Man, Dinh Nguyen Huy, Ty, Dinh Thi Bich, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, Yen, Lam Minh, Khanh, Truong Huu, Quy, Du Tuan, Minh, Ngo Ngoc Quang, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Anderson, Danielle, Wang, Lin-Fa, van Doorn, H. Rogier, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, Thanh, Tran Tan, Thwaites, Guy, and Tan, Le Van

Published
2021
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9. Enterovirus 71-associated hand, foot, and mouth disease, Southern Vietnam, 2011

Author

Khanh, Truong Huu, Sabanathan, Saraswathy, Thanh, Tran Tan, Thoa, Le Phan Kim, Thuong, Tang Chi, Hang, Vu thi Ty, Farrar, Jeremy, Hien, Tran Tinh, Chau, Nguyen van Vinh, and van Doorn, H. Rogier

Subjects
Coxsackievirus infections -- Development and progression, Immunoglobulins, Public health, Health
Abstract

In Southeast Asia, human enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a frequent cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Southeast Asia and resulting neurologic and cardiopulmonary complications. Children In Vietnam, [...]

Published
2012
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10. Study protocol: The clinical features, epidemiology, and causes of paediatric encephalitis in southern Vietnam

Author

Huong, Nguyen Hoang Thien, primary, Toan, Nguyen Duc, additional, Quy, Du Tuan, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Thinh, Le Quoc, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Minh, Ngo Ngoc Quang, additional, Turner, Hugo, additional, Thwaites, Louise, additional, Irani, Sarosh, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2021
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11. Coxsackievirus A16 in Southern Vietnam

Author

Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, primary, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Anh, Nguyen To, additional, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, additional, Han, Do Duong Kim, additional, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, additional, Nguyet, Lam Anh, additional, Quy, Du Tuan, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Doorn, H. Rogier van, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2021
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13. Clinical, etiological and epidemiological investigations of hand, foot and mouth disease in southern Vietnam during 2015 – 2018

Author

Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, primary, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, additional, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, additional, Nguyet, Lam Anh, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Anh, Nguyen To, additional, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Viet, Ho Lu, additional, Tung, Trinh Huu, additional, Ha, Do Quang, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Louise, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, van Doorn, H. Rogier, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2020
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14. Building HIV healthcare worker capacity through telehealth in Vietnam

Author

Pollack, Todd M, primary, Nhung, Vo Thi Tuyet, additional, Vinh, Dang Thi Nhat, additional, Hao, Duong Thi, additional, Trang, Le Thi Thu, additional, Duc, Pham Anh, additional, Kinh, Nguyen Van, additional, Dung, Nguyen Thi Hoai, additional, Dung, Duong Lan, additional, Ninh, Nguyen Thi, additional, Huyen, Ho Thi Thanh, additional, Huy, Vo Xuan, additional, Hai, Duong Minh, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Hien, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Khuong, Pham Tram An, additional, Trong, Nguyen The, additional, Lam, Nguyen Van, additional, Phinh, Vu Ngoc, additional, Phuong, Do Thi, additional, Duat, Nguyen Duc, additional, Liem, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Binh, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Chi, Nguyen K, additional, Yen, Le Ngoc, additional, and Cosimi, Lisa, additional

Published
2020
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15. Severity detection tool for patients with infectious disease

Author

Tadesse, Girmaw Abebe, primary, Zhu, Tingting, additional, Le Nguyen Thanh, Nhan, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Duong, Ha Thi Hai, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Van Quang, Pham, additional, Tran, Duc Duong, additional, Yen, Lam Minh, additional, Van Doorn, Rogier, additional, Van Hao, Nguyen, additional, Prince, John, additional, Javed, Hamza, additional, Kiyasseh, Dani, additional, Van Tan, Le, additional, Thwaites, Louise, additional, and Clifton, David A., additional

Published
2020
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17. A treatment-decision score for HIV-infected children with suspected tuberculosis

Author

Francis Ateba-Ndongo, Mathurin Cyrille Tejiokem, Bunnet Dim, Philippe Msellati, Duong Ngoc Tran, Laureline Berteloot, Bintou Sanogo, Isabelle Fournier, Stéphane Blanche, Catherine Quillet, Guislaine Carcelain, Laurence Borand, Sylvain Godreuil, Vibol Ung, Viet Do Chau, Khanh Truong Huu, Polidy Pean, Leakhena Neou, Suzie Tetang-Ndiang, Olivier Marcy, Christophe Delacourt, Boubacar Nacro, Sophie Goyet, Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Health Sciences [Phnom-Penh, Cambodia] (UHS), Tuberculosis and HIV Department [Phnom Penh, Cambodia], National pediatric hospital [Phnom Penh, Cambodge] (NPH), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Benh Vien Nhi Dong 1 Children's Hospital [Vietnam], Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Centre Mère et Enfant de la Fondation Chantal Biya, Centre international de référence Chantal Biya pour la recherche sur la prévention et la prise en charge du VIH/SIDA (CIRCB), Fondation Chantal Biya (FCB)-Fondation Chantal Biya (FCB), Centre Hospitalier Essos [Yaoundé, Cameroun], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou [Bobo-Dioulasso] (CHUSS), Unité d'Immunologie Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique [Necker, Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Angkor Hospital for Children (AHC), Immunologie [Phnom Penh], ANRS Research Site [Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam], Essais Thérapeutiques et Maladies Infectieuses, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de radiologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Service Immunologie Biologique [Paris], AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Bactériologie-Virologie [Montpellier], Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Service de Pneumologie et d'Allergologie Pédiatriques, Funded by the ANRS (ANRS 12229) and Fondation Total., and We thank all children and their parents and caregivers for their participation in the study, national tuberculosis and HIV programs from participating countries for their support, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Jean-François Delfraissy for their continuous support, Xavier Anglaret for general guidance, Julien Asselineau and Paul Perez for methodologic advice, and Corine Chazallon and Vincent Bouteloup for statistical support.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Miliary tuberculosis, Tuberculosis, Antitubercular Agents, Infectious Disease, HIV Infections, Sensitivity and Specificity, QuantiFERON, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Tuberculosis diagnosis, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, 030225 pediatrics, Clinical Decision Rules, Abdomen, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Lung, Receptors, Interferon, Ultrasonography, Bacteriological Techniques, Microscopy, medicine.diagnostic_test, Receiver operating characteristic, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Radiography, Abdominal ultrasonography, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Commentary, HIV/AIDS, Female, Sample collection, business, Chest radiograph
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of tuberculosis should be improved in children infected with HIV to reduce mortality. We developed prediction scores to guide antituberculosis treatment decision in HIV-infected children with suspected tuberculosis. METHODS: HIV-infected children with suspected tuberculosis enrolled in Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, and Vietnam (ANRS 12229 PAANTHER 01 Study), underwent clinical assessment, chest radiography, Quantiferon Gold In-Tube (QFT), abdominal ultrasonography, and sample collection for microbiology, including Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert). We developed 4 tuberculosis diagnostic models using logistic regression: (1) all predictors included, (2) QFT excluded, (3) ultrasonography excluded, and (4) QFT and ultrasonography excluded. We internally validated the models using resampling. We built a score on the basis of the model with the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and parsimony. RESULTS: A total of 438 children were enrolled in the study; 251 (57.3%) had tuberculosis, including 55 (12.6%) with culture- or Xpert-confirmed tuberculosis. The final 4 models included Xpert, fever lasting >2 weeks, unremitting cough, hemoptysis and weight loss in the past 4 weeks, contact with a patient with smear-positive tuberculosis, tachycardia, miliary tuberculosis, alveolar opacities, and lymph nodes on the chest radiograph, together with abdominal lymph nodes on the ultrasound and QFT results. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.866, 0.861, 0.850, and 0.846, for models 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The score developed on model 2 had a sensitivity of 88.6% and a specificity of 61.2% for a tuberculosis diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our score had a good diagnostic performance. Used in an algorithm, it should enable prompt treatment decision in children with suspected tuberculosis and a high mortality risk, thus contributing to significant public health benefits.

Published
2019

20. Rifampin-Resistant Mycobacterium bovis BCG–Induced Disease in HIV-Infected Infant, Vietnam

Author

Duc Nguyen Hong, Mai Nguyet Thu Huyen, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lan, Nguyen Huy Duong, Vi Vi Nguyen Ngo, Duong Tran Ngoc, Khanh Truong Huu, Tuyen Nguyen, Viet Do Chau, Oliver Marcy, Philippe Van de Perre, Anne-Laure Bañuls, and Sylvain Godreuil

Subjects
Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, rifampin resistance, BCG disease, HIV-infected child, Vietnam, tuberculosis and other mycobacteria, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published
2013
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21. Mortality and its determinants in antiretroviral treatment-naive HIV-infected children with suspected tuberculosis: an observational cohort study

Author

Olivier Marcy, Mathurin Tejiokem, Philippe Msellati, Khanh Truong Huu, Viet Do Chau, Duong Tran Ngoc, Boubacar Nacro, Francis Ateba-Ndongo, Suzie Tetang-Ndiang, Vibol Ung, Bunnet Dim, Leakhena Neou, Laureline Berteloot, Laurence Borand, Christophe Delacourt, Stéphane Blanche, Sao Sarady Ay, Malen Chan, Phalla Chea, Sophie Goyet, Nimul Roat Men, Phearavin Pheng, Susan Ramsay, Sophea Suom, Arnaud Tarantola, Naisim Te, Sreymom Than, Sovannary Ung, Chorn Chhuk, Chantheany Huot, Sang Han Kath, Sokoeun Khin, Peou Kim, Kim Eng Lim, Phary Lim, Vannareth Lim, Yany Nav, Boren Pich, Sotharin Tuy, Phal Chea, Sengtray Chhraing, Bophal Chuop, Ramy Hem, Phanoeurn Heng, Seng Hap Huon, Sokhorn Khum, Thear Liv, Vichea Ly, Makara Moch, Leakheana Neou, Phanith Rey, Vina Sath, Nopheavann Sun, Pheron Chat, Viso Srey, Sitha Chheang, Putchhat Hor, Manory Oum, Monorea Keo, Sokchea Kou, Sokleaph Cheng, Alexandra Kerleguer, Michel Gomgnimbou, Antoinette Kabore, Anselme Millogo, Zakari Nikiema, Abdul Salam Ouedraogo, Sawadogo Saidou, Moumini Nouctara, Diane Ursule Sangare/Ouattara, Bintou Sanogo, Edgard Sib Sié, Dézémon Zingué, Roger Ngoya Abiguide, Patrice Assene Ngo'o, Francis Ateba Ndongo, Suzanne Balla, Verlaine Bolyse Mbouchong, Jean Marie Ehongo Amanya, Sara Eyangoh, Afi Leslie Kaiyven, Paul Koki Ndombo, Samuel Walter Kokola Bayanak, Marie Josée Mapah Kampaing, Elizabeth Mangoya, Minkala Mvogo, Jean Pierre Ndongo, Laurence Ngassam, Francine Nanda, Sylviane Ndjantou, Jean Audrey Ndongo, Marcelle Njind Nkoum, Anne Esther Njom Lend, Angeline Nkembe, Marie Flore Oyanche, Jean-Voisin Taguebue, Suzy Tetang-Moyo, Sylvie Georgette Zebaze, Thi Oanh Nguyen, Thi Ngoc Lan Nguyen, Catherine Quillet, Khanh Lê Quoc, My Huong To, Thi Kim Phung Tran, Chau Giang Do, Duc Bang Nguyen, Ngo Vi Vi Nguyen, Thi Hieu Nguyen, Thi Thanh Thanh Nguyen, Ngoc Duong Tran, Duy An Vo, Thi Xuan Lan Dang, Thi Kim Phuong Do, Thi Thanh Tuyen Dang, Hoang Chau Nguyen, Ngoc Tuong Vy Pham, Huu Khanh Truong, Chau Viet Do, Bich Ngoc Huynh, Thi Thanh Thuy Le, Thi Thu Hiep Nguyen, Ngoc Luu Tran, Thien An Vu, Huu Loc Tran, Manh Hoang Nguyen, Ngoc Lan Nguyen, Thi Cao Van Nguyen, Thu Hang Pham, Dinh Quyen Phan, Thi Ha Vo, Xuan Lien Truong, Xuan Thinh Vu, Guislaine Carcelain, Sylvain Godreuil, Isabelle Fournier-Nicolle, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Bordeaux population health ( BPH ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses ( TransVIHMI ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Cheikh Anta Diop ( UCAD ) -Universtié Yaoundé 1 (Cameroun)-Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Service de radiologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service de Pneumologie Allergologie [CHU Necker], Service d'immunologie, hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques [CHU Necker], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Service d'immuno-hématologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker]

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Epidemiology, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Antitubercular Agents, HIV Infections, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, Hiv infected, Burkina Faso, medicine, Antiretroviral treatment, Humans, [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Cameroon, 030212 general & internal medicine, Mortality, Child, Coinfection, business.industry, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, Child, Preschool, Cohort, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, Observational study, Cambodia, business, Cohort study
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND:Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected children, but is difficult to diagnose. We studied mortality and its determinants in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive HIV-infected children presenting with suspected tuberculosis.METHODS:In this observational cohort study, HIV-infected children aged 13 years or younger with suspected tuberculosis were followed up for 6 months as part of the ANRS 12229 PAANTHER 01 cohort in eight hospitals in four countries (Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, and Vietnam). Children started ART and antituberculosis treatment at the clinician's discretion and were retrospectively classified into one of three groups by tuberculosis documentation: confirmed by culture or Xpert MTB/RIF, unconfirmed, and unlikely. We assessed mortality and associated factors using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazard models. The ANRS 12229 PAANTHER 01 study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01331811.FINDINGS:266 (61%) of 438 children enrolled in the study between April 27, 2011, and May 31, 2014, were ART-naive and included in the analysis (40 had confirmed tuberculosis, 119 unconfirmed tuberculosis, and 107 unlikely tuberculosis). 112·5 person-years of follow-up were available. 154 children (58%) started antituberculosis treatment and 212 (80%) started ART. 50 children (19%) died. Mortality by 6 months was higher in children with confirmed tuberculosis (14 deaths; 2 month survival probability 65·0% [95% CI 50·2-79·8]) compared with unconfirmed tuberculosis (19 deaths; 83·5% [76·8-90·3]) and unlikely tuberculosis (17 deaths; 83·5% [76·3-90·7]; log-rank p=0·0141) and was lower in children with confirmed or unconfirmed tuberculosis who started antituberculosis treatment (p

Published
2018

22. A46 Hand, foot, and mouth disease in Vietnam

Author

Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, primary, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Anh, Nguyen To, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, additional, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, additional, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Quy, Du Tuan, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Viet, Ho Lu, additional, Viet, Do Chau, additional, Nam, Nguyen Tran, additional, Thanh, Nguyen Thi My, additional, Sabanathan, Saraswathy, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Guy E, additional, Wills, Bridget, additional, Thwaites, C Louise, additional, van Doorn, H Rogier, additional, and Van Tan, Le, additional

Published
2019
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23. Economic Burden Attributed to Children Presenting to Hospitals With Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Vietnam

Author

Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, primary, Turner, Hugo C, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Lien, Le Bich, additional, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, additional, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, additional, Nguyet, Lam Anh, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Viet, Ho Lu, additional, Tung, Trinh Huu, additional, Phuong, Tran Thi Lan, additional, Devine, Angela, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Louise, additional, van Doorn, H Rogier, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2019
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24. Severe enterovirus A71 associated hand, foot and mouth disease, Vietnam, 2018: preliminary report of an impending outbreak

Author

Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, primary, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, additional, Nguyet, Lam Anh, additional, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Han, Do Duong Kim, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Thwaites, C Louise, additional, Hien, Tran Tinh, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Quang, Pham Van, additional, Minh, Ngo Ngoc Quang, additional, van Doorn, H. Rogier, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2018
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25. Emerging Coxsackievirus A6 Causing Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, Vietnam

Author

Anh, Nguyen To, primary, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, additional, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, additional, Nguyet, Lam Anh, additional, Phuong, Tran Thi Lan, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Viet, Ho Lu, additional, Nam, Nguyen Tran, additional, Viet, Do Chau, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Wills, Bridget, additional, Sabanathan, Sarawathy, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Louise, additional, Rogier van Doorn, H., additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Rabaa, Maia A., additional, and Van Tan, Le, additional

Published
2018
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26. A52 Development and evaluation of a viral-specific random PCR and next-generation sequencing based assay for detection and sequencing of hand, foot, and mouth disease pathogens

Author

Anh, Nguyen To, primary, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Ngoc, Nghiem My, additional, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, additional, Thanh, Le Thi My, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Viet, Ho Lu, additional, Viet, Do Chau, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, van Doorn, H. Rogier, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2017
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27. The first genome sequences of human bocaviruses from Vietnam

Author

Thanh, Tran Tan, primary, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, additional, Anh, Nguyen To, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Hien, Ho Van, additional, Tuong, Nguyen Manh, additional, Kien, Trinh Trung, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, van Doorn, H. Rogier, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2017
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28. The first genome sequences of human bocaviruses from Vietnam

Author

Thanh, Tran Tan, primary, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Hong, Nguyen Thi Thu, additional, Nhu, Le Nguyen Truc, additional, Anh, Nguyen To, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Hien, Ho Van, additional, Tuong, Nguyen Manh, additional, Kien, Trinh Trung, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, van Doorn, H. Rogier, additional, and Tan, Le Van, additional

Published
2016
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29. A Treatment-Decision Score for HIV-Infected Children With Suspected Tuberculosis.

Author

Marcy, Olivier, Borand, Laurence, Ung, Vibol, Msellati, Philippe, Tejiokem, Mathurin, Khanh Truong Huu, Viet Do Chau, Duong Ngoc Tran, Ateba-Ndongo, Francis, Tetang-Ndiang, Suzie, Nacro, Boubacar, Sanogo, Bintou, Neou, Leakhena, Goyet, Sophie, Bunnet Dim, Pean, Polidy, Quillet, Catherine, Fournier, Isabelle, Berteloot, Laureline, and Carcelain, Guislaine

Published
2019
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30. Intravenous magnesium sulfate for the management of severe hand, foot, and mouth disease with autonomic nervous system dysregulation in Vietnamese children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Qui, Phan Tu, primary, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Trieu, Huynh Trung, additional, Giang, Phạm Thanh, additional, Bich, Nguyen Ngọc, additional, Thoa, Le Phan Kim, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Sabanathan, Saraswathy, additional, Van Doorn, Rogier, additional, Toan, Nguyen Duc, additional, Merson, Laura, additional, Dung, Nguyen Thi Phuong, additional, Khanh, Lam Phung, additional, Wolbers, Marcel, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, and Wills, Bridget, additional

Published
2016
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31. Characteristics, mortality and outcomes at transition for adolescents with perinatal HIV infection in Asia.

Author

Bartlett, Adam W., Khan Huu Truong, Songtaweesin, Wipaporn Natalie, Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya, Hansudewechakul, Rawiwan, Penh Sun Ly, Lumbiganon, Pagakrong, Tavitiya Sudjaritruk, Van Nguyen, Lam, Viet Chau Do, Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran, Nik Yusoff, Nik Khairulddin, Kurniati, Nia, Moy Siew Fong, Wati, Dewi Kumara, Revathy Nallusamy, Sohn, Annette H., Law, Matthew G., Thahira Jamal Mohamed, and Khanh, Truong Huu

Published
2018
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32. 5 versus 10 days of treatment with ceftriaxone for bacterial meningitis in children: a double-blind randomised equivalence study

Author

Elizabeth, Molyneux, Shaikh Qamaruddin, Nizami, Samir, Saha, Khanh Truong, Huu, Matloob, Azam, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Bhutta, Ramadan, Zaki, Martin Willi, Weber, Shamim Ahmad, Qazi, and duy Quang, Trinh

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neisseria meningitidis, medicine.disease_cause, Placebo, Drug Administration Schedule, law.invention, Meningitis, Bacterial, Randomized controlled trial, Double-Blind Method, Bacteriological Failure, law, Streptococcus pneumoniae, medicine, Humans, Child, Developing Countries, Meningitis, Haemophilus, Antibacterial agent, business.industry, Meningitis, Pneumococcal, Ceftriaxone, Infant, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Treatment Outcome, Therapeutic Equivalency, Child, Preschool, Female, business, Meningitis, medicine.drug
Abstract

Summary Background Bacterial meningitis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, but the duration of treatment is not well established. We aimed to compare the efficacy of 5 and 10 days of parenteral ceftriaxone for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in children. Methods We did a multicountry, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised equivalence study of 5 versus 10 days of treatment with ceftriaxone in children aged 2 months to 12 years with purulent meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type B, or Neisseria meningitidis . Our study was done in ten paediatric referral hospitals in Bangladesh, Egypt, Malawi, Pakistan, and Vietnam. We randomly assigned children who were stable after 5 days of treatment, through site-balanced computer-generated allocation lists, to receive a further 5 days of ceftriaxone or placebo. Patients, their guardians, and staff were masked to study-group allocation. Our primary outcomes were bacteriological failure or relapse. Our analysis was per protocol. This study is registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Register, number ISRCTN38717320. Findings We included 1004 of 1027 children randomly assigned to study groups in our analyses; 496 received treatment with ceftriaxone for 5 days, and 508 for 10 days. In the 5-day treatment group, two children (one infected with HIV) had a relapse; there were no relapses in the 10-day treatment group and there were no bacteriological failures in either study group. Side-effects of antibiotic treatment were minor and similar in both groups. Interpretation In children beyond the neonatal age-group with purulent meningitis caused by S pneumoniae, H influenzae type b, or N meningitidis who are stable by day 5 of ceftriaxone treatment, the antibiotic can be safely discontinued. Funding United States Agency for International Development.

Published
2011

33. Phylodynamics of Enterovirus A71-Associated Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Viet Nam

Author

Geoghegan, Jemma L., primary, Tan, Le Van, additional, Kühnert, Denise, additional, Halpin, Rebecca A., additional, Lin, Xudong, additional, Simenauer, Ari, additional, Akopov, Asmik, additional, Das, Suman R., additional, Stockwell, Timothy B., additional, Shrivastava, Susmita, additional, Ngoc, Nghiem My, additional, Uyen, Le Thi Tam, additional, Tuyen, Nguyen Thi Kim, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Hang, Vu Thi Ty, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Thinh, Le Quoc, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Viet, Do Chau, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Viet, Ho Lu, additional, Hien, Tran Tinh, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Grenfell, Bryan T., additional, Stadler, Tanja, additional, Wentworth, David E., additional, Holmes, Edward C., additional, and Van Doorn, H. Rogier, additional

Published
2015
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34. Validation and utilization of an internally controlled multiplex Real-time RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of enteroviruses and enterovirus A71 associated with hand foot and mouth disease

Author

Thanh, Tran Tan, primary, Anh, Nguyen To, additional, Tham, Nguyen Thi, additional, Van, Hoang Minh Tu, additional, Sabanathan, Saraswathy, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Ngan, Tran Thuy, additional, Van, Tran Thi My, additional, Nguyet, Lam Anh, additional, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, additional, Thanh, Le Thi My, additional, Chai, Ong Kien, additional, Perera, David, additional, Viet, Do Chau, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Ha, Do Quang, additional, Tuan, Ha Manh, additional, Wong, Kum Thong, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, van Doorn, H Rogier, additional, and Van Tan, Le, additional

Published
2015
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35. Characterizing HIV Manifestations and Treatment Outcomes of Perinatally Infected Adolescents in Asia

Author

Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya, primary, Kariminia, Azar, additional, Oberdorfer, Peninnah, additional, Nallusamy, Revathy, additional, Bunupuradah, Torsak, additional, Hansudewechakul, Rawiwan, additional, Dung, Khu Thi Khanh, additional, Saphonn, Vonthanak, additional, Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran, additional, Lumbiganon, Pagakrong, additional, Viet, Do Chau, additional, Kurniati, Nia, additional, Yusoff, Nik Khairuddin Nik, additional, Razali, Kamarul, additional, Fong, Siew Moy, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Wati, Dewi Kumara, additional, and Sohn, Annette H., additional

Published
2014
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36. Genetic and Antigenic Characterization of Enterovirus 71 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2011

Author

Thoa, Le Phan Kim, primary, Chiang, Pai-Shan, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Luo, Shu-Ting, additional, Dan, Tran Ngoc Hanh, additional, Wang, Ya-Fang, additional, Thuong, Tang Chi, additional, Chung, Wan-Yu, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Wang, Jen-Ren, additional, Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh, additional, Thinh, Le Quoc, additional, Su, Ih-Jen, additional, Dung, Than Duc, additional, and Lee, Min-Shi, additional

Published
2013
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37. Milrinone Therapy for Enterovirus 71-Induced Pulmonary Edema and/or Neurogenic Shock in Children

Author

Chi, Chia-Yu, primary, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Thoa, Le Phan Kim, additional, Tseng, Fan-Chen, additional, Wang, Shih-Min, additional, Thinh, Le Quoc, additional, Lin, Chia-Chun, additional, Wu, Han-Chieh, additional, Wang, Jen-Ren, additional, Hung, Nguyen Thanh, additional, Thuong, Tang Chi, additional, Chang, Chung-Ming, additional, Su, Ih-Jen, additional, and Liu, Ching-Chuan, additional

Published
2013
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38. Intravenous magnesium sulfate for the management of severe hand, foot, and mouth disease with autonomic nervous system dysregulation in Vietnamese children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author

Phan Tu Qui, Truong Huu Khanh, Huynh Trung Trieu, Ph m Thanh Giang, Nguyen Ng c Bich, Le Phan Kim Thoa, Le Nguyen Thanh Nhan, Sabanathan, Saraswathy, Van Doorn, Rogier, Nguyen Duc Toan, Merson, Laura, Nguyen Thi Phuong Dung, Lam Phung Khanh, Wolbers, Marcel, Nguyen Thanh Hung, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Wills, Bridget, Qui, Phan Tu, Khanh, Truong Huu, and Trieu, Huynh Trung

Subjects
MAGNESIUM sulfate, INTRAVENOUS therapy, ENTEROVIRUS diseases, PUBLIC health, AUTONOMIC nervous system diseases, PEDIATRIC neurology, THERAPEUTICS, COMPARATIVE studies, INFORMED consent (Medical law), INTRAVENOUS injections, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, RESEARCH protocols, MILRINONE, RESEARCH, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICS, SAMPLE size (Statistics), DATA analysis, EVALUATION research, BLIND experiment, HAND, foot & mouth disease, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Background: Over the last 15 years, hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has emerged as a major public health burden across the Asia-Pacific region. A small proportion of HFMD patients, typically those infected with enterovirus 71 (EV71), develop brainstem encephalitis with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation and may progress rapidly to cardiopulmonary failure and death. Although milrinone has been reported to control hypertension and support myocardial function in two small studies, in practice, a number of children still deteriorate despite this treatment. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is a cheap, safe, and readily available medication that is effective in managing tetanus-associated ANS dysregulation and has shown promise when used empirically in EV71-confirmed severe HFMD cases.Methods/design: We describe the protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of intravenous MgSO4 in Vietnamese children diagnosed clinically with HFMD plus ANS dysregulation with systemic hypertension. A loading dose of MgSO4 or identical placebo is given over 20 min followed by a maintenance infusion for 72 h according to response, aiming for Mg levels two to three times the normal level in the treatment arm. The primary endpoint is a composite of disease progression within 72 h defined as follows: development of pre-specified blood pressure criteria necessitating the addition of milrinone, the need for ventilation, shock, or death. Secondary endpoints comprise these parameters singly, plus other clinical endpoints including the following: requirement for other inotropic agents; duration of hospitalization; presence of neurological sequelae at discharge in survivors; and neurodevelopmental status assessed 6 months after discharge. The number and severity of adverse events observed in the two treatment arms will also be compared. Based on preliminary data from a case series, and allowing for some losses, 190 patients (95 in each arm) will allow detection of a 50 % reduction in disease progression with 90 % power at a two-sided 5 % significance level.Discussion: Given the large numbers of HFMD cases currently being seen in hospitals in Asia, if MgSO4 is shown to be effective in controlling ANS dysregulation and preventing severe HFMD complications, this finding would be important to pediatric care throughout the region.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01940250 (Registered 22 August 2013). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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39. Rifampin-Resistant Mycobacterium bovis BCG–Induced Disease in HIV-Infected Infant, Vietnam

Author

Sylvain Godreuil, Nguyen Huy Duong, Tuyen Nguyen, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lan, Duong Tran Ngoc, Duc Nguyen Hong, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Philippe Van de Perre, Viet Do Chau, Vi Vi Nguyen Ngo, Mai N. T. Huyen, Oliver Marcy, and Khanh Truong Huu

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Tuberculosis, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Drug resistance, rifampin resistance, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Antibiotic resistance, medicine, lcsh:RC109-216, antimicrobial resistance, Letters to the Editor, bacteria, Ethambutol, Mycobacterium bovis, biology, business.industry, Isoniazid, lcsh:R, Lamivudine, HIV-infected child, HIV, Pyrazinamide, vaccines, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, tuberculosis and other mycobacteria, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, Immunology, business, BCG disease, medicine.drug
Abstract

To the Editor: Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Mycobacterium bovis BCG disease in HIV-infected children are lacking. BCG strains are intrinsically resistant to pyrazinamide and in some cases have low-level resistance to isoniazid (6). However, data on acquired drug resistance in M. bovis BCG are limited. We describe a case of BCG disease caused by a rifampin-resistant strain of M. bovis BCG in an HIV-infected infant in Vietnam. The daughter of a known HIV-infected woman, who did not fully adhere to antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy, received the M. bovis intradermal BCG (Pasteur strain) vaccine at birth. HIV infection was diagnosed in the infant by PCR when she was 8 weeks of age. At 9 months of age, she was admitted to the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department of the Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital (Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) because of a voluminous ipsilateral axillary mass at the site of the vaccination, fever, weight loss, and hepatosplenomegaly. The percentage of CD4+ T cells was 27% (1,620 cells/mm3). Regional BCG disease was clinically diagnosed without microbiological investigation, and a broad antimycobacterial therapy targeting M. tuberculosis complex species was started with 5 mg/kg isoniazid, 10 mg/kg rifampin, and 25 mg/kg pyrazinamide. After 6 weeks of antimycobacterial therapy, ART was initiated with lamivudine, stavudine, and abacavir. After 6 months of antimycobacterial treatment, the infant was hospitalized again for recurrent inflammation and fistulization of the axillary lymph nodes associated with fever. Fluid from the axillary mass was collected by fine-needle aspiration for bacteriologic investigations. Direct microscopic examination showed acid-fast bacilli, and the mycobacterial infection was confirmed by culture. By using conventional biochemical methods, the mycobacterial isolate was assigned to the M. bovis species. Pyrazinamide was discontinued, and antimycobacterial therapy was continued for 4 supplementary months with rifampin (15 mg/kg) and isoniazid (10 mg/kg). After 2 months, drug susceptibility testing results confirmed pyrazinamide intrinsic resistance and isoniazid and ethambutol susceptibility and showed rifampin resistance. The late inflammatory reaction after introduction of ART was evocative of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Nevertheless, drug resistance may have contributed. Despite the rifampin resistance, the patient showed clinical improvement, and the rifampin/isoniazid treatment was continued for 2 more months. The child’s BCG disease was cured on completion of 10 months of antituberculous treatment. Retrospective molecular investigations using the GenoType MTBC Kit (Hain Lifescience, Nehren, Germany) enabled identification of the isolate stored at −80°C as M. bovis BCG strain. A mutation in the rpoB gene (codon 531, Ser531Tyr) associated with rifampin resistance was detected by using the GenoType MTBDRplus Kit (Hain Lifescience) and partial sequencing of the rpoB gene (5,7). No mutation in the katG and inhA genes, frequently associated with isoniazid resistance, was detected. To our knowledge, this case is the second report of rifampin-resistant M. bovis BCG disease in HIV-infected children. The first report involved a child in South Africa who was vaccinated with the Danish BCG strain (4); this strain shows low-level resistance to isoniazid and therefore has a high risk of evolving to multidrug resistance in instances of suboptimal isoniazid levels. The M. bovis BCG Pasteur strain (American Type Culture Collection 35734) used for vaccination in Vietnam is isoniazid and rifampin susceptible and pyrazinamide resistant (9). Despite appropriate antimycobacterial treatment, the relatively low doses of isoniazid (5 mg/kg), poor adherence, or inadequate absorption of drugs because of HIV-related gastrointestinal disease may have resulted in subtherapeutic in vivo drug concentrations and thus in selection of a drug-resistant M. bovis BCG strain. This case should alert clinicians of the possible emergence of rifampin resistant M. bovis BCG strains. Because disseminated BCG disease in HIV-infected children presents a high risk for illness and/or death, these patients should receive optimal tuberculosis treatment (2) based on 4-drug (rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide) regimen doses for at least 9 months until M. tuberculosis is ruled out (3). Untreated local BCG immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome may not necessarily progress to dissemination; therefore, treatment would not appear necessary (8). Some studies suggest that the survival of HIV-infected children with BCG disease could be attributed to early initiation of ART in combination with other treatments (1,3). In the South Africa case, the child died, and the authors suggested that this outcome was related to the severity of the clinical features, the severe HIV-related immune suppression, and the absence of ART (4). In the case in Vietnam, despite the emergence of drug resistance, the early initiation of ART in a child with a localized disease, the persistent efficacy of isoniazid, and the spontaneous fistulization of the abscess probably contributed to the good outcome for the infant. In conclusion, this case highlights the challenges in management of BCG disease in children. It also emphasizes the possible risk for emergence of acquired drug resistance in M. bovis BCG strains, complicating the medical management of such cases.

Published
2013

40. Viral Etiology of Encephalitis in Children in Southern Vietnam: Results of a One-Year Prospective Descriptive Study

Author

Tan, Le Van, primary, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Ha, Do Quang, additional, Hue, Nguyen Bach, additional, Bao, Lam Quoi, additional, Cam, Bach Van, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Hien, Tran Tinh, additional, Vinh Chau, Nguyen Van, additional, Tram, Tran Tan, additional, Hien, Vo Minh, additional, Nga, Tran Vu Thieu, additional, Schultsz, Constance, additional, Farrar, Jeremy, additional, van Doorn, H. Rogier, additional, and de Jong, Menno D., additional

Published
2010
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42. The viral aetiology of acute encephalitis in children in Vietnam

Author

Van Tan, Le, primary, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, van Doorn, H Rogier, additional, Ha, Do Quang, additional, Hien, Vo Minh, additional, Bach, Van Cam, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Hue, Nguyen Bach, additional, Hien, Tran Tinh, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Nga, Tran Vu Thieu, additional, Schultsz, Constance, additional, Farrar, Jeremy, additional, and de Jong, Menno D, additional

Published
2008
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43. Oseltamivir Resistance during Treatment of Influenza A (H5N1) Infection

Author

de Jong, Menno D., primary, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Hien, Vo Minh, additional, Smith, Gavin J.D., additional, Chau, Nguyen Vinh, additional, Cam, Bach Van, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Ha, Do Quang, additional, Guan, Yi, additional, Peiris, J.S. Malik, additional, Hien, Tran Tinh, additional, and Farrar, Jeremy, additional

Published
2005
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44. Fatal Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in a Child Presenting with Diarrhea Followed by Coma

Author

de Jong, Menno D., primary, Cam, Bach Van, additional, Qui, Phan Tu, additional, Hien, Vo Minh, additional, Thanh, Tran Tan, additional, Hue, Nguyen Bach, additional, Beld, Marcel, additional, Phuong, Le Thi, additional, Khanh, Truong Huu, additional, Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh, additional, Hien, Tran Tinh, additional, Ha, Do Quang, additional, and Farrar, Jeremy, additional

Published
2005
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45. 5 versus 10 days of treatment with ceftriaxone for bacterial meningitis in children: a double-blind randomised equivalence study.

Author

Molyneux, Elizabeth, Nizami, Shaikh Qamaruddin, Saha, Samir, Khanh Truong Huu, Azam, Matloob, Bhutta, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Zaki, Ramadan, Weber, Martin Willi, and Qazi, Shamim Ahmad

Subjects
*MENINGITIS in children, *ANTIBIOTICS testing, *DRUG efficacy, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *PEDIATRIC therapy, *THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

The article presents a study that compares the efficacy of five and ten day duration of treatment with parenteral ceftriaxone for bacterial meningitis in children. The research was done in a multicountry, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study in children with meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza type B, or Neisseria meningitidis. The study suggests that antibiotic can be safely discontinued after day five of ceftriaxone treatment.

Published
2011
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46. Emerging Enterovirus A71 Subgenogroup B5 Causing Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease, Vietnam, 2023.

Author

Chau NVV, Thuong TC, Hung NT, Hong NTT, Quy DT, Thien TB, Hiep CM, Minh NNQ, Khanh TH, Han DDK, Truc THC, Ny NTH, Thanh LK, Nguyet LA, Thuy CT, Nhu LNT, Van Quang P, Nguyen PNT, Qui PT, Rogier van Doorn H, Thwaites CL, Thanh TT, Dung NT, Thwaites G, Anh NT, Nhan LNT, and Van Tan L

Subjects
Child, Humans, Vietnam epidemiology, Lower Extremity, Antigens, Viral, Enterovirus genetics, Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease epidemiology, Enterovirus Infections epidemiology
Abstract

We report on a 2023 outbreak of severe hand, foot, and mouth disease in southern Vietnam caused by an emerging lineage of enterovirus A71 subgenogroup B5. Affected children were significantly older than those reported during previous outbreaks. The virus should be closely monitored to assess its potential for global dispersal.

Published
2024
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47. A Longitudinal Study of Behavioral Risk, Adherence, and Virologic Control in Adolescents Living With HIV in Asia.

Author

Ross JL, Teeraananchai S, Lumbiganon P, Hansudewechakul R, Chokephaibulkit K, Khanh TH, Van Nguyen L, Mohamed TAJ, Yusoff NKN, Fong MS, Prasitsuebsai W, Sohn AH, and Kerr SJ

Subjects
Adolescent, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, Disclosure, Female, HIV Infections drug therapy, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Malaysia, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Sexual Behavior, Social Stigma, Thailand, Vietnam, Viral Load, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, HIV Infections psychology, Medication Adherence
Abstract

Background: Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) have poorer adherence and clinical outcomes than adults. We conducted a study to assess behavioral risks and antiretroviral therapy outcomes among ALHIV in Asia., Methods: A prospective cohort study among ALHIV and matched HIV-uninfected controls aged 12-18 years was conducted at 9 sites in Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam from July 2013 to March 2017. Participants completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview at weeks 0, 48, 96, and 144. Virologic failure (VF) was defined as ≥1 viral load (VL) measurement >1000 copies/mL. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify predictors for VF., Results: Of 250 ALHIV and 59 HIV-uninfected controls, 58% were Thai and 51% females. The median age was 14 years at enrollment; 93% of ALHIV were perinatally infected. At week 144, 66% of ALHIV were orphans vs. 28% of controls (P < 0.01); similar proportions of ALHIV and controls drank alcohol (58% vs. 65%), used inhalants (1% vs. 2%), had been sexually active (31% vs. 21%), and consistently used condoms (42% vs. 44%). Of the 73% of ALHIV with week 144 VL testing, median log VL was 1.60 (interquartile range 1.30-1.70) and 19% had VF. Over 70% of ALHIV had not disclosed their HIV status. Self-reported adherence ≥95% was 60% at week 144. Smoking cigarettes, >1 sexual partner, and living with nonparent relatives, a partner or alone, were associated with VF at any time., Conclusions: The subset of ALHIV with poorer adherence and VF require comprehensive interventions that address sexual risk, substance use, and HIV-status disclosure.

Published
2019
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