Search

Your search keyword '"Khanna, Priya"' showing total 118 results
Start Over Author "Khanna, Priya"
118 results on '"Khanna, Priya"'

2. Exploring Complexities in the Reform of Assessment Practice: A Critical Realist Perspective

Author

Roberts, Chris, Khanna, Priya, Lane, Andrew Stuart, Reimann, Peter, and Schuwirth, Lambert

Abstract

Although the principles behind assessment "for" and "as" learning are well-established, there can be a struggle when reforming traditional assessment "of" learning to a program which encompasses assessment "for" and "as" learning. When introducing and reporting reforms, tensions in faculty may arise because of differing beliefs about the relationship between assessment and learning and the rules for the validity of assessments. Traditional systems of assessment "of" learning privilege objective, structured quantification of learners' performances, and are done "to" the students. Newer systems of assessment promote assessment "for" learning, emphasise subjectivity, collate data from multiple sources, emphasise narrative-rich feedback to promote learner agency, and are done "with" the students. This contrast has implications for implementation and evaluative research. Research of assessment which is done to students typically asks, "what works", whereas assessment that is done "with" the students focuses on more complex questions such as "what works, for whom, in which context, and why?" We applied such a critical realist perspective drawing on the interplay between structure and agency, and a systems approach to explore what theory says about introducing programmatic assessment in the context of pre-existing traditional approaches. Using a reflective technique, the internal conversation, we developed four factors that can assist educators considering major change to assessment practice in their own contexts. These include enabling positive learner agency and engagement; establishing argument-based validity frameworks; designing purposeful and eclectic evidence-based assessment tasks; and developing a shared narrative that promotes reflexivity in appreciating the complex relationships between assessment and learning.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Use of the WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve classification to define patterns of hospital antibiotic use (AWaRe): an analysis of paediatric survey data from 56 countries

Author

Irwin, Adam, Akula, Akhila, Bamford, Alasdair, Chang, Amanda, da Silva, Andre, Whitelaw, Andrew, Dramowski, Angela, Vasudevan, Anil Kumar, Sharma, Anita, Justicia, Antonio, Chikkappa, Ashok, Slowinska-Jarzabek, Barbara, Rippberger, Bianca, Zhao, Changan, Tersigni, Chiara, Cheng, Chinglan, Harkensee, Christian, Jing, Chuamei, Zhu, Chunmei, Li, Chunyan, Tagliabue, Claudia, Epalza, Cristina, Jacqueline, Daglish, Tian, Daiyin, Jinka, Dasaratha, Gkentzi, Despoina, Dharmapalan, Dhanya, Benadof, Dona, Papadimitriou, Eleni, Iosifidis, Elias, Roilides, Emmanuel, Yarci, Erbu, Majda-Stanisławska, Ewa, Gowin, Ewelina, Chappell, Faye, Torres, Federico Martinon, Collett-White, Francis, Liu, Gang, Lu, Gen, Syrogiannopoulos, George, Pitsava, Georgia, Alvarez-Uria, Gerardo, Renk, Hana, Mahmood, Hana, Saxen, Harri, Finlayson, Heather, Green, Helen, Rabie, Helena, Kandraju, Hemasree, Zhang, Hong, Okokon, Ita, Cross, Jack, Herberg, Jethro, Li, Jianping, Zhang, Jiaosheng, Deng, Jikui, Liu, Jing, Qian, Jing, Yang, Jinhong, Sicińska, Joanna, Hübner, Johannes, Fukuoka, Kahoru, Yao, Kaihu, Cheung, Kaman, Ojeda, Karla, Kaffe, Katerina, Kreitmeyer, Katharina, Doerholt, Katja, Grimwood, Keith, Ledoare, Kirsty, Vazouras, Konstantinos, Shen, Kunling, Tang, Lanfang, Zhang, Lehai, Lin, Li, Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, Liat, Wu, Lijuan, Wang, Lijun, Teston, Lilian, Galli, Luisa, Speirs, Lynne, Tsolia, Maria, Hufnagel, Markus, Knuf, Markus, Duse, Marzia, Ding, Mingjie, Rozic, Mojca, Premru, Mueller, O'Connell, Natasha, Rieber, Nikolaus, Spyridis, Nikos, Tunga, Onkaraiah, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, McMaster, Paddy, Lumbiganon, Pagakrong, Pansa, Paola, D'Argenio, Patrizia, Moriarty, Paul, Nikolic, Petra, Wang, Ping, Paopongsawan, Pongsatorn, Cao, Qing, Deng, Qiulian, Laxminarayan, Ramanan, Kanithi, Ravishankar, Jimenez, Rodolfo, Cao, Sancheng, Singh, Sanjeev, Rees, Sarah, Praveen, Saroey, Kekomaki, Satu, Hackett, Scott, Ashkenazi, Shai, Chang, Si Min, Drysdale, Simon, Koning, Sonia, Subramanian, Sreeram, Murki, Srinivas, Vergnano, Stefania, Gandra, Sumanth, Esposito, Susanna, Anugulruengkitt, Suvaporn, Puthanakit, Thanyawee, Behrends, Uta, Papaevangelous, Vana, Jian, Victoria, Li, Wei, Zhao, Wei, Wang, Wei, Zhang, Wenshuang, Mu, Xiaoping, Dong, Xiaoyie, Jiang, Xiyuan, Chen, Xu, Wang, Yi, Zheng, Yuejie, Horikoshi, Yuho, Aboderin, Aaron, Olayinka, Adebola, Dedeic-Ljubovic, Amela, McCorry, Ann, Enimil, Anthony, Neubert, Antje, solano, antonio, Pignatari, Antonio, Poojary, Aruna, Kambaralieva, Baktygul, McCullagh, Bernadette, Carevi, Biljana, Van Herendael, Bruno, Gormley, Cairine, Carvajal, Camila, Ramírez, Carlos, Fitzgerald, David, Sabuda, Deana, Konopnicki, Deborah, Lacej, Denada, Pierard, Denis, Rios, Edgar, Marshall, Emily, Firre, Eric, van Elzakker, Erika, Shaqiri, Erjona, Darwish Elhajji, Feras, Gawrys, Gerard, Markovic, Goran, Kunsihima, Hiroyuki, Chen, Hui Hiong, Sviestina, Inese, Pristas, Irina, Hoxha, Iris, Korinteli, Irma, Mareković, Ivana, Soltani, Jafar, Labarca, Jaime, AlSalman, Jameela, Horvatic, Jasminka, Frimpong, Juliet Ampomah, Pagava, Karaman, Kei, Kasahara, Okinaka, Keiji, Iregbu, Kenneth, Ghazaryan, Lilit, Raka, Lul, Gessner-Wharton, Mallory, Aldeyab, Mamoon, Cooper, Mandelin, del Castillo, Marcelo, Hojman, Martin, Hudson, Melissa, Alshehri, Mohamed, Ling, Moi Lin, Greer, Nickie, Oduyebo, Oyinlola, Buijtels, Patricia, TEROL BARRERO, PEDRO, Zarb, Peter, Schelstraete, PEtra, Nwajiobi-Princewill, Princewill Ifeanyi Philip, Khanna, Priya, Quiros, Rodolfo, Simovic, Sanja, Thompson, Sarah, Chan, Si Min, Burokiene, Sigita, Rachina, Svetlana, Usonis, Vytautas, Cornistein, Wanda, Holemans, Xavier, Gu, Yoshiaki, Brothers, Adam, Hersh, Adam, Fernandez, Alfred, Tribble, Alison, Hurst, Amanda, Green, Andrea, Hammer, Benjamin, Lee, Betty P, Kuzmic, Brenik, Shapiro, Craig, Boge, Craig, Haslam, David, Berman, David, Naeem, Fouzia, Johnson, George, Schwenk, Hayden, Orr, Hillary, Maples, Holly, Olsen, Jared, Gerber, Jeffrey, Girotto, Jennifer, Zweiner, Jennifer, Goldman, Jennifer, Gillon, Jessica, Tansmore, Jessica, Manaloor, John, Courter, Joshua, Mongkolrattanothai, Kanokporn, Patel, Karisma, Merkel, Kathryn, Namtu, Katie, Flett, Kelly, Lee, Kelly, Nichols, Kristen, Klein, Kristin, Handy, Lori, Castagnini, Luis, Mazade, Marc, Heger, Margaret, Fernandez, Marisol, Chang, Michael, Crawford, Michelle, Nelson, Miranda, Bennett, Nicholas, Jaggi, Preeti, Hamdy, Rana, Banerjee, Ritu, Olivero, Rosemary, Patel, Sameer, Arnold, Sandra, Ogrin, Sara, Jones, Sarah, Parker, Sarah, Kubes, Sarah, Hymes, Saul, Weissman, Scott, Chan, Shannon, Henderson, Sheryl, Metjian, Talene, Hsia, Yingfen, Lee, Brian R, Versporten, Ann, Yang, Yonghong, Bielicki, Julia, Jackson, Charlotte, Newland, Jason, Goossens, Herman, Magrini, Nicola, and Sharland, Mike

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Hospital antibiotic prescribing patterns in adult patients according to the WHO Access, Watch and Reserve classification (AWaRe): results from a worldwide point prevalence survey in 69 countries

Author

Pauwels, Ines, Versporten, Ann, Drapier, Nico, Vlieghe, Erika, Goossens, Herman, Koraqi, Andi, Hoxha, Iris, Tafaj, Silva, Cornistein, Wanda, Quiros, Rodolfo, Hojman, Martin, Ghazaryan, Lilit, Horne, Kylie, Cairns, Kelly, Doukas, Fiona, Gottlieb, Thomas, Sermijn, Erica, Verhamme, Katia, Brands, Christiane, Van Herendael, Bruno, Filippin, Lorenzo, Vandewal, Wouter, Konopnicki, Deborah, Maillart, Evelyne, Teixeira Lopes, Liliana, Papin, Pauline, Smits, Ilse, Jansens, Hilde, Bartholomeus, Sofie, Van den Abeele, Anne-Marie, Steyaert, Sophia, Piette, Anne, Buyle, Franky, Cartuyvels, Reinoud, Jonckheere, Stijn, Wybo, Ingrid, Vanneste, Lorenz, Mathieu, Delphine, Firre, Eric, Westelinck, Veerle, Gadisseux, Philippe, Dugernier, Thierry, Bafort, Kristof, Gonissen, Viviane, Vanderper, Vanessa, Gabriels, Patrick, Weekers, Frank, Michel, Philippe, Van Liedekerke, Ann, Costers, Michiel, Catry, Boudewijn, Dedeic-Ljubovic, Amela, Gales, Ana C., Matos Porto, Ana Paula, Figueiredo Costa, Silvia, Keuleyan, Emma, Beidi, Apollinaire, Cissohko, Youssouph, Blakwe, Habsatou, Batchaya Basile, Ngassa, German, Greg J., Lutes, Sarah, Boswell, Jennifer, Mertz, Dominik, Nguyen, Tuyen, MacLaggan, Timothy, Landry, Daniel, Ang, Anita, Thirion, Daniel J.G., Frenette, Charles, Émond, Yannick, Roberts, Jacqueline, Chang, Sandra, Kosar, Justin, Valiquette, Louis, Dutrisac, Ginette, Afra, Kevin, McGeer, Allison, Carrier, Marie, Grant, Jennifer, Labarca, Jaime, Carvajal, Camila, Lin, HongYi, Wang, Qiang, Yang, Jing, Yang, Wenjie, Cortes, Jorge A., Villalobos-Vindas, Juan, Ramírez-Valverde, Carlos, Horvatic, Jasminka, Pristas, Irina, Paphitou, Niki, Rummukainen, Maija-Liisa, Froissart, Antoine, Vanhems, Philippe, Pagava, Karaman, Korinteli, Irma, Brandt, Tobias, Gaertner, Johannes, Enimil, Anthony, Roilides, Emmanuel, Hajdú, Edit, Sengupta, Sharmila, Singh, Sanjeev, Patil, Priyanka, Poojary, Aruna, Soltani, Jafar, Pouladfar, Gholamreza, Jafarpour, Zahra, Alinia, Cyrus, Ameen, Hadi, Fitzgerald, David, Paul, Mical, Maor, Yasmin, Strahilevitz, Jacob, Chowers, Michal, Temkin, Elizabeth, Luca, Arnoldo, Ishibashi, Noriomi, Gu, Yoshiaki, Darwish Elhajji, Feras, Karabukayeva, Aizhan, Raka, Denis, Kambaralieva, Baktygul, Zarakauska, Lelde, Zarb, Peter, Hernandez Chena, Blanca Estela, Gonzalez-Diaz, Esteban, Corona-Meléndez, JuanCarlos, Torres Erazo, Darwin Stalin, Loza-Jalil, Suria Elizabeth, Molina, Julio, Candelas, Jose Antonio, Mijovic, Gordana, Duborija-Kovacevic, Natasa, Jong, Eefje, Kluytmans, Jan, van Elzakker, Erika, Schweitzer, Valentijn, Davies, Nicola, Iregbu, Kenneth, Nwajiobi-Princewill, Philip, Nwafia, Ifeyinwa, Fasuyi, Temitayo, Aboderin, Aaron, Elikwu, Charles John, Fadeyi, Abayomi, Ola-Bello, Olafoyekemi, Oduyebo, Oyinlola, Adedosu, Akin Nelson, Ekuma, Agantem, Shaqiri, Erjona, Saleem, Zikria, De Los Reyes, Mari Rose, Tavares, Luis, Kim, Nam Joong, Rachina, Svetlana, Alharthi, Alwaleed R., Enani, Mushira, Faried, Osama, Mirghani, Mohamed, Carevic, Biljana, Radulovic, Lili, Dragovac, Gorana, Tan, Sock Hoon, Taljaard, Jantjie, Chibabhai, Vindana, Joiner, Jennifer, Caston, Juan Jose, Núñez-Núñez, María, Martínez-Marcos, Francisco Javier, Ojeda-Burgos, Guillermo, Menendez, Maria Dolores, Retamar, Pilar, Corzo, Juan E., Rattanaumpawan, Pinyo, Salou, Mounerou, Mnif, Basma, Oncul, Ahsen, Babigumira, Peter Ahabwe, Olweny, James, Marshall, Emily, McCorry, Ann, Aldeyab, Mamoon, Khanna, Priya, Gormley, Cairine, Maloney, Sara, Cooper, Mandelin, Blackburn, Laura, Gessner-Wharton, Mallory, Vu, Lam, Greer, Nickie, Gawrys, Gerard, Kronmann, Lisha, Rios, Edgar, Hudson, Melissa, Lindholm, David A., The Global-PPS network, Vriendenkring VUB, Clinical sciences, Microbiology and Infection Control, and Clinical Biology

Subjects
Adult, Microbiology (medical), Point prevalence survey, Latin Americans, education, Population, MEDLINE, World Health Organization, Essential medicines, Antibiotic prescribing, Anti-Infective Agents, Environmental health, Prevalence, Humans, AcademicSubjects/MED00740, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Medical prescription, Biology, Original Research, Pharmacology, education.field_of_study, Adult patients, business.industry, Pharmacology. Therapy, Hospitals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, AcademicSubjects/MED00290, Infectious Diseases, Human medicine, AcademicSubjects/MED00230, business
Abstract

ObjectivesThe WHO Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification has been developed to support countries and hospitals in promoting rational use of antibiotics while improving access to these essential medicines. We aimed to describe patterns of worldwide antibiotic use according to the AWaRe classification in the adult inpatient population.MethodsThe Global Point Prevalence Survey on Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance (Global-PPS) collects hospital antibiotic use data using a standardized PPS methodology. Global-PPS 2015, 2017 and 2018 data, collected by 664 hospitals in 69 countries, were categorized into AWaRe groups to calculate proportional AWaRe use, Access-to-Watch ratios and the most common indications for treatment with selected Watch antibiotics. Only prescriptions for systemic antibiotics on adult inpatient wards were analysed.ResultsRegional Access use ranged from 28.4% in West and Central Asia to 57.7% in Oceania, whereas Watch use was lowest in Oceania (41.3%) and highest in West and Central Asia (66.1%). Reserve use ranged from 0.03% in sub-Saharan Africa to 4.7% in Latin America. There were large differences in AWaRe prescribing at country level. Watch antibiotics were prescribed for a range of very different indications worldwide, both for therapeutic and prophylactic use.ConclusionsWe observed considerable variations in AWaRe prescribing and high use of Watch antibiotics, particularly in lower- and upper-middle-income countries, followed by high-income countries. The WHO AWaRe classification has an instrumental role to play in local and national stewardship activities to assess prescribing patterns and to inform and evaluate stewardship activities.

Published
2021

16. Situated learning in community environments (SLICE): Systems design of an immersive and integrated curriculum for community-based learning.

Author

Taoube, Linda, Khanna, Priya, Schneider, Carl, Burgess, Annette, Bleasel, Jane, Haq, Inam, and Roberts, Chris

Subjects
*SCHOOL environment, *TEACHING methods, *MEDICAL students, *CURRICULUM, *LEARNING strategies, *CONCEPTUAL structures, *CRITICAL thinking, *COMMUNITY-based social services, *PROFESSIONAL competence, *INTERDISCIPLINARY education, *MEDICAL education, *EDUCATIONAL outcomes
Abstract

We sought to design a micro-curriculum to structure supervised clinical placements for junior medical students within a variety of community-based settings of differing clinical disciplines. Given the gaps in the literature, this paper reflects on the opportunities and challenges of our design, implementation, and evaluation strategies in constructing an integrated task-based micro-curriculum for interprofessional community-based learning in year 2 of a four-year graduate entry program. The design was informed by a systems thinking framework and guided by contemporary curricular theories on self-directed and interprofessional learning. Extensive consultations with stakeholders were undertaken. Alignment with relevant national level documents and curricular frameworks was ensured. The systems thinking approach provided first, an experience of applying thinking tools for a deeper understanding of how various parts of this micro-curriculum and subsystems should be integrated. Second, applying the toolkit uncovered tension points on which leverage could optimise future enhancements. Eighteen types of health professions were recruited including 105 general practitioners and 253 healthcare practitioners from a range of disciplines. Systems thinking allows for the identification of various interacting elements within the curriculum to be considered as part of an integrated whole. Insights from this model could inform the design of similar innovative curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Screening for Candida auris in patients admitted to eight intensive care units in England, 2017 to 2018

Author

Sharp, Ashley, primary, Muller-Pebody, Berit, additional, Charlett, Andre, additional, Patel, Bharat, additional, Gorton, Rebecca, additional, Lambourne, Jonathan, additional, Cummins, Martina, additional, Alcolea-Medina, Adela, additional, Wilks, Mark, additional, Smith, Robin, additional, Mack, Damien, additional, Hopkins, Susan, additional, Dodgson, Andrew, additional, Burns, Phillipa, additional, Perera, Nelun, additional, Lim, Felicia, additional, Rao, Gopal, additional, Khanna, Priya, additional, Johnson, Elizabeth, additional, Borman, Andrew, additional, Schelenz, Silke, additional, Guy, Rebecca, additional, Conneely, Joanna, additional, Manuel, Rohini J, additional, and Brown, Colin S, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Use of the WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve classification to define patterns of hospital antibiotic use (AWaRe): an analysis of paediatric survey data from 56 countries

Author

Hsia, Yingfen, Lee, Brian R, Versporten, Ann, Yang, Yonghong, Bielicki, Julia, Jackson, Charlotte, Newland, Jason, Goossens, Herman, Magrini, Nicola, Sharland, Mike, Irwin, Adam, Akula, Akhila, Bamford, Alasdair, Chang, Amanda, da Silva, Andre, Whitelaw, Andrew, Dramowski, Angela, Vasudevan, Anil Kumar, Sharma, Anita, Justicia, Antonio, Chikkappa, Ashok, Slowinska-Jarzabek, Barbara, Rippberger, Bianca, Zhao, Changan, Tersigni, Chiara, Cheng, Chinglan, Harkensee, Christian, Jing, Chuamei, Zhu, Chunmei, Li, Chunyan, Tagliabue, Claudia, Epalza, Cristina, Jacqueline, Daglish, Tian, Daiyin, Jinka, Dasaratha, Gkentzi, Despoina, Dharmapalan, Dhanya, Benadof, Dona, Papadimitriou, Eleni, Iosifidis, Elias, Roilides, Emmanuel, Yarci, Erbu, Majda-Stanisławska, Ewa, Gowin, Ewelina, Chappell, Faye, Torres, Federico Martinon, Collett-White, Francis, Liu, Gang, Lu, Gen, Syrogiannopoulos, George, Pitsava, Georgia, Alvarez-Uria, Gerardo, Renk, Hana, Mahmood, Hana, Saxen, Harri, Finlayson, Heather, Green, Helen, Rabie, Helena, Kandraju, Hemasree, Zhang, Hong, Okokon, Ita, Cross, Jack, Herberg, Jethro, Li, Jianping, Zhang, Jiaosheng, Deng, Jikui, Liu, Jing, Qian, Jing, Yang, Jinhong, Sicińska, Joanna, Hübner, Johannes, Fukuoka, Kahoru, Yao, Kaihu, Cheung, Kaman, Ojeda, Karla, Kaffe, Katerina, Kreitmeyer, Katharina, Doerholt, Katja, Grimwood, Keith, Ledoare, Kirsty, Vazouras, Konstantinos, Shen, Kunling, Tang, Lanfang, Zhang, Lehai, Lin, Li, Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, Liat, Wu, Lijuan, Wang, Lijun, Teston, Lilian, Galli, Luisa, Speirs, Lynne, Tsolia, Maria, Hufnagel, Markus, Knuf, Markus, Duse, Marzia, Ding, Mingjie, Rozic, Mojca, Premru, Mueller, O'Connell, Natasha, Rieber, Nikolaus, Spyridis, Nikos, Tunga, Onkaraiah, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, McMaster, Paddy, Lumbiganon, Pagakrong, Pansa, Paola, D'Argenio, Patrizia, Moriarty, Paul, Nikolic, Petra, Wang, Ping, Paopongsawan, Pongsatorn, Cao, Qing, Deng, Qiulian, Laxminarayan, Ramanan, Kanithi, Ravishankar, Jimenez, Rodolfo, Cao, Sancheng, Singh, Sanjeev, Rees, Sarah, Praveen, Saroey, Kekomaki, Satu, Hackett, Scott, Ashkenazi, Shai, Chang, Si Min, Drysdale, Simon, Koning, Sonia, Subramanian, Sreeram, Murki, Srinivas, Vergnano, Stefania, Gandra, Sumanth, Esposito, Susanna, Anugulruengkitt, Suvaporn, Puthanakit, Thanyawee, Behrends, Uta, Papaevangelous, Vana, Jian, Victoria, Li, Wei, Zhao, Wei, Wang, Wei, Zhang, Wenshuang, Mu, Xiaoping, Dong, Xiaoyie, Jiang, Xiyuan, Chen, Xu, Wang, Yi, Zheng, Yuejie, Horikoshi, Yuho, Aboderin, Aaron, Olayinka, Adebola, Dedeic-Ljubovic, Amela, McCorry, Ann, Enimil, Anthony, Neubert, Antje, solano, antonio, Pignatari, Antonio, Poojary, Aruna, Kambaralieva, Baktygul, McCullagh, Bernadette, Carevi, Biljana, Van Herendael, Bruno, Gormley, Cairine, Carvajal, Camila, Ramírez, Carlos, Fitzgerald, David, Sabuda, Deana, Konopnicki, Deborah, Lacej, Denada, Pierard, Denis, Rios, Edgar, Marshall, Emily, Firre, Eric, van Elzakker, Erika, Shaqiri, Erjona, Darwish Elhajji, Feras, Gawrys, Gerard, Markovic, Goran, Kunsihima, Hiroyuki, Chen, Hui Hiong, Sviestina, Inese, Pristas, Irina, Hoxha, Iris, Korinteli, Irma, Mareković, Ivana, Soltani, Jafar, Labarca, Jaime, AlSalman, Jameela, Horvatic, Jasminka, Frimpong, Juliet Ampomah, Pagava, Karaman, Kei, Kasahara, Okinaka, Keiji, Iregbu, Kenneth, Ghazaryan, Lilit, Raka, Lul, Gessner-Wharton, Mallory, Aldeyab, Mamoon, Cooper, Mandelin, del Castillo, Marcelo, Hojman, Martin, Hudson, Melissa, Alshehri, Mohamed, Ling, Moi Lin, Greer, Nickie, Oduyebo, Oyinlola, Buijtels, Patricia, TEROL BARRERO, PEDRO, Zarb, Peter, Schelstraete, Petra, Nwajiobi-Princewill, Princewill Ifeanyi Philip, Khanna, Priya, Quiros, Rodolfo, Simovic, Sanja, Thompson, Sarah, Chan, Si Min, Burokiene, Sigita, Rachina, Svetlana, Usonis, Vytautas, Cornistein, Wanda, Holemans, Xavier, Gu, Yoshiaki, Brothers, Adam, Hersh, Adam, Fernandez, Alfred, Tribble, Alison, Hurst, Amanda, Green, Andrea, Hammer, Benjamin, Lee, Betty P, Kuzmic, Brenik, Shapiro, Craig, Boge, Craig, Haslam, David, Berman, David, Naeem, Fouzia, Johnson, George, Schwenk, Hayden, Orr, Hillary, Maples, Holly, Olsen, Jared, Gerber, Jeffrey, Girotto, Jennifer, Zweiner, Jennifer, Goldman, Jennifer, Gillon, Jessica, Tansmore, Jessica, Manaloor, John, Courter, Joshua, Mongkolrattanothai, Kanokporn, Patel, Karisma, Merkel, Kathryn, Namtu, Katie, Flett, Kelly, Lee, Kelly, Nichols, Kristen, Klein, Kristin, Handy, Lori, Castagnini, Luis, Mazade, Marc, Heger, Margaret, Fernandez, Marisol, Chang, Michael, Crawford, Michelle, Nelson, Miranda, Bennett, Nicholas, Jaggi, Preeti, Hamdy, Rana, Banerjee, Ritu, Olivero, Rosemary, Patel, Sameer, Arnold, Sandra, Ogrin, Sara, Jones, Sarah, Parker, Sarah, Kubes, Sarah, Hymes, Saul, Weissman, Scott, Chan, Shannon, Henderson, Sheryl, Metjian, Talene, GARPEC and Global-PPS networks, on behalf of the, GARPEC Network, Global-PPS Network, Children's Hospital, HUS Children and Adolescents, and Clinicum

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, 030231 tropical medicine, Antibiotics, MEDLINE, Psychological intervention, CHILDREN, World Health Organization, Pediatrics, Essential medicines, 03 medical and health sciences, Antimicrobial Stewardship, 0302 clinical medicine, Antibiotic resistance, POINT PREVALENCE SURVEY, SURVEILLANCE, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, Antimicrobial stewardship, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical prescription, Child, Neonatal sepsis, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, STEWARDSHIP, Infant, Newborn, Infant, lcsh:RA1-1270, General Medicine, medicine.disease, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Drug Utilization, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, QUALITY INDICATORS, Family medicine, Child, Preschool, Health Care Surveys, Human medicine, business, Pharmacy Service, Hospital
Abstract

Summary: Background: Improving the quality of hospital antibiotic use is a major goal of WHO's global action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance. The WHO Essential Medicines List Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) classification could facilitate simple stewardship interventions that are widely applicable globally. We aimed to present data on patterns of paediatric AWaRe antibiotic use that could be used for local and national stewardship interventions. Methods: 1-day point prevalence survey antibiotic prescription data were combined from two independent global networks: the Global Antimicrobial Resistance, Prescribing, and Efficacy in Neonates and Children and the Global Point Prevalence Survey on Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance networks. We included hospital inpatients aged younger than 19 years receiving at least one antibiotic on the day of the survey. The WHO AWaRe classification was used to describe overall antibiotic use as assessed by the variation between use of Access, Watch, and Reserve antibiotics, for neonates and children and for the commonest clinical indications. Findings: Of the 23 572 patients included from 56 countries, 18 305 were children (77·7%) and 5267 were neonates (22·3%). Access antibiotic use in children ranged from 7·8% (China) to 61·2% (Slovenia) of all antibiotic prescriptions. The use of Watch antibiotics in children was highest in Iran (77·3%) and lowest in Finland (23·0%). In neonates, Access antibiotic use was highest in Singapore (100·0%) and lowest in China (24·2%). Reserve antibiotic use was low in all countries. Major differences in clinical syndrome-specific patterns of AWaRe antibiotic use in lower respiratory tract infection and neonatal sepsis were observed between WHO regions and countries. Interpretation: There is substantial global variation in the proportion of AWaRe antibiotics used in hospitalised neonates and children. The AWaRe classification could potentially be used as a simple traffic light metric of appropriate antibiotic use. Future efforts should focus on developing and evaluating paediatric antibiotic stewardship programmes on the basis of the AWaRe index. Funding: GARPEC was funded by the PENTA Foundation. GARPEC-China data collection was funded by the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM2015120330). bioMérieux provided unrestricted funding support for the Global-PPS.

Published
2019

31. An observational cohort study of bacterial co-infection and implications for empirical antibiotic therapy in patients presenting with COVID-19 to hospitals in North West London.

Author

Wang, Liyang, Amin, Amit K, Khanna, Priya, Aali, Adnan, McGregor, Alastair, Bassett, Paul, Rao, Guduru Gopal, and Gopal Rao, Guduru

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the prevalence and nature of bacterial co-infections in COVID-19 patients within 48 hours of hospital admission and assess the appropriateness of empirical antibiotic treatment they received.Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, we included all adult non-pregnant patients who were admitted to two acute hospitals in North West London in March and April 2020 and confirmed to have COVID-19 infection within 2 days of admission. Results of microbiological specimens taken within 48 hours of admission were reviewed and their clinical significance was assessed. Empirical antibiotic treatment of representative patients was reviewed. Patient age, gender, co-morbidities, inflammatory markers at admission, admission to ICU and 30 day all-cause in-hospital mortality were collected and compared between patients with and without bacterial co-infections.Results: Of the 1396 COVID-19 patients included, 37 patients (2.7%) had clinically important bacterial co-infection within 48 hours of admission. The majority of patients (36/37 in those with co-infection and 98/100 in selected patients without co-infection) received empirical antibiotic treatment. There was no significant difference in age, gender, pre-existing illnesses, ICU admission or 30 day all-cause mortality in those with and without bacterial co-infection. However, white cell count, neutrophil count and CRP on admission were significantly higher in patients with bacterial co-infections.Conclusions: We found that bacterial co-infection was infrequent in hospitalized COVID-19 patients within 48 hours of admission. These results suggest that empirical antimicrobial treatment may not be necessary in all patients presenting with COVID-19 infection, although the decision could be guided by high inflammatory markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Smoking cessation advice for people with serious mental

Author

Khanna, Priya, Clifton, Andrew, Banks, David, and Tosh, Graeme E.

Subjects
Serious mental illness, smoking cessation, specialised advice
Abstract

Background People with a serious mental illness are more likely to smoke more and to be more dependent smokers than the general population. This may be due to a wide range of factors that could include a common aetiology to both smoking and the illness, self medication, smoking to alleviate adverse effects of medications, boredom in the existing environment, or a combination of these factors. It is important to undertake this review to facilitate improvements in both the health and safety of people with serious mental illness who smoke, and to reduce the overall burden of costs (both financial and health) to the smoker and, eventually, to the taxpayer. Objectives To review the effects of smoking cessation advice for people with serious mental illness. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Specialized Trials Register up to 2 April 2015, which is based on regular searches of CENTRAL, BIOSIS, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and trial registries. We also undertook unsystematic searches of a sample of the component databases (BNI, CINHAL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO), up to 2 April 2015, and searched references of all identified studies Selection criteria We planned to include all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that focussed on smoking cessation advice versus standard care or comparing smoking cessation advice with other more focussed methods of delivering care or information. Data collection and analysis The review authors (PK, AC, and DB) independently screened search results but did not identify any trials that fulfilled the inclusion criteria of this review. Main results We did not identify any RCTs that evaluated advice regarding smoking cessation for people with serious mental illness. The excluded studies illustrate that randomisation of packages of care relevant to smokers with serious mental illness is possible. Authors’ conclusions People with serious mental illness are more likely to smoke than the general population. Yet we could not find any high quality evidence to guide the smoking cessation advice healthcare professionals pass onto service users. This is an area where trials are possible and needed.

Published
2016

36. Utility of selection methods for specialist medical training: A BEME (best evidence medical education) systematic review: BEME guide no. 45

Author

Roberts, Chris, primary, Khanna, Priya, additional, Rigby, Louise, additional, Bartle, Emma, additional, Llewellyn, Anthony, additional, Gustavs, Julie, additional, Newton, Libby, additional, Newcombe, James P., additional, Davies, Mark, additional, Thistlethwaite, Jill, additional, and Lynam, James, additional

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Utility of selection methods for specialist medical training: A BEME (best evidence medical education) systematic review: BEME guide no. 45.

Author

Roberts, Chris, Khanna, Priya, Rigby, Louise, Bartle, Emma, Llewellyn, Anthony, Gustavs, Julie, Newton, Libby, Newcombe, James P., Davies, Mark, Thistlethwaite, Jill, and Lynam, James

Subjects
*MEDICAL specialties & specialists, *SELECTIVE admission (School), *EVIDENCE-based education, *CONTINUING medical education, *MEDICAL school graduates, *PROFESSIONAL education, *TRAINING, *CINAHL database, *OUTCOME-based education, *CONCEPTUAL structures, *ERIC (Information retrieval system), *MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems, *INTERVIEWING, *MEDLINE, *META-analysis, *ONLINE information services, *PROBLEM solving, *PSYCHOMETRICS, *SYSTEMATIC reviews, *EVIDENCE-based medicine, PROBLEM solving ability testing
Abstract

Background: Selection into specialty training is a high-stakes and resource-intensive process. While substantial literature exists on selection into medical schools, and there are individual studies in postgraduate settings, there seems to be paucity of evidence concerning selection systems and the utility of selection tools in postgraduate training environments. Aim: To explore, analyze and synthesize the evidence related to selection into postgraduate medical specialty training. Method: Core bibliographic databases including PubMed; Ovid Medline; Embase, CINAHL; ERIC and PsycINFO were searched, and a total of 2640 abstracts were retrieved. After removing duplicates and screening against the inclusion criteria, 202 full papers were coded, of which 116 were included. Results: Gaps in underlying selection frameworks were illuminated. Frameworks defined by locally derived selection criteria, and heavily weighed on academic parameters seem to be giving way to the evidencing of competency-based selection approaches in some settings. Regarding selection tools, we found favorable psychometric evidence for multiple mini-interviews, situational judgment tests and clinical problem-solving tests, although the bulk of evidence was mostly limited to the United Kingdom. The evidence around the robustness of curriculum vitae, letters of recommendation and personal statements was equivocal. The findings on the predictors of past performance were limited to academic criteria with paucity of long-term evaluations. The evidence around nonacademic criteria was inadequate to make an informed judgment. Conclusions: While much has been gained in understanding the utility of individual selection methods, though the evidence around many of them is equivocal, the underlying theoretical and conceptual frameworks for designing holistic and equitable selection systems are yet to be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results