Search

Byline: Chaitali. Waghmare, Vasundhara. Aggarwal, Anup. Kharde, Vandana. Jain, Pradeep. Thakur Background: Patient reported treatment outcomes is a better way to measure the quality of life (QOL). This study was [...]

Background: India is one of the seven identified Southeast Asian countries reporting frequent outbreaks of the dengue with case fatality rates as high as 3-5%. Dengue has an extensive clinical presentation ranging from fever to fatal bleeding and shock, often with an unexpected mortality. Objective: To study clinico-investigative of dengue fever with context to thrombocytopenia. Material and Method: This was descriptive cross sectional study conducted at tertiary care medical teaching hospital of western Maharashtra. Total 200 patients were included in present study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Purposive sampling method was used in this study. Structured and pilot tested questionnaire used for data collection. Results. Prevalence of dengue in present study was found to be 4%. Out of 200 patients maximum (53.5%) were in the age group of 15 to 30 years of age and male predominance was seen. In present study out of all patients 97.5% (195) survived where as 2.5% (05) succumbed to dengue. Statistical significant difference was observed in mean hematocrit value of mild and severe thrombocytopenic patients. Most common symptoms observed in current study were headache (77%) and myalgia (76.5%). Mean hospital stay of mild thrombocytopenic patients was 5.92±2.09 days while moderate and severe thrombocytopenic patients mean hospital stay was 6.2±2.74 days and 7.03±3.3 days respectively. Conclusion: The distribution patterns of clinical and laboratory criteria observed did not differ substantially from those described in the literature. Hematocrit and level of thrombocytopenia indicate the prognosis in terms of hospital stay of patients suffering from dengue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a severe and neglected threat to maternal and child health. Many women with GDM experience pregnancy related complications including high blood pressure, large birth weight babies and obstructed labour. Approximately half of women with GDM develop type 2 diabetes within 5 to 10 years after delivery.[ ² ] Materials & Methods: A case-control study was carried out to find the risk factors for GDM among pregnant women delivering at the Obstetrics & Gynecology department of Pravara Rural Hospital. The study was carried out from October 2018 to November 2020. Total 132 patients were included in the study of whom 44 were cases with GDM & 88 were controls without GDM. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact t- test, OR with 95%CI for matched case control study & p-value were calculated. Results: Family history of DM among first degree relatives, increase in pre-pregnancy BMI, sedentary lifestyle, upper SEC, presence of GDM in last pregnancy, neck circumference>35cms are found to be the risk factors for GDM. UTI & PIH were found to be some of the health related issues associated with the current pregnancy affected by GDM. LSCS being mostly the nature of delivery & macrosomic babies were found to be the major pregnancy outcome for mothers with GDM. Conclusion: GDM affects not only the health status of the mother but also the health status of the newborn. Proper screening of the mothers for GDM is highly recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with HIV-TB co infection are at increased risk of death, accounting for 1 in 4 AIDS related deaths. TB contributing to 20-25% of all deaths among HIV infected individuals. Material and Methods: This descriptive longitudinal study was carried out at Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) centre and Designated Microscopy Centre (DMC) cum Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) centre of Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni. The ART status, CD4 and weight of the patients, type of TB, TB treatment regimen and outcome was recorded. CD4 count and weight of the patients were recorded at start, after 6 months and after 12 months follow up of ART and antituberculosis treatment (ATT). Results: Among 138 HIV-TB co-infected patients studied, favourable outcome was seen among 95 (68.84%) patients while unfavourable outcome was seen among 43 (31.15%) patients. The treatment failure rate and case fatality rate were 2.9% and 20.3%, respectively. The difference between mean CD4 count and weights of patients on ART & ATT at 6 months interval was highly significant (P value < 0.0001). Conclusion: Presence of addictive habit, pulmonary TB and retreatment type of patient were the predictors of unfavourable outcome among co-infected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Most adolescents lack access to age- and sex-appropriate health information which is vital for young people to make informed decisions about their reproductive sexual health. Objectives: The study objective was to study the effectiveness of the interventional reproductive and sexual health education on knowledge, attitude, and menstrual practices of school-going adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: It was an interventional study consisting of a pretest, intervention session, and posttest conducted among 400 school-going adolescent girls in a rural area of Maharashtra. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in knowledge, attitude, and practice median scores following intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Age- and sex-appropriate health education programs can facilitate the development of healthy reproductive and sexual behavior patterns among adolescents through the enhancement of knowledge and development of right attitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]