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This article discusses a study on the prevalence of depression among older adult Egyptian males with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The study found that approximately 50% of participants in both groups had mild depression, while the prevalence of moderate depression was higher in the MCI group. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of depression between the two groups. The study also explored correlations between cognitive test scores and depression scores, but no significant correlations were found. The article acknowledges limitations and provides a list of references to related research articles and studies. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a study conducted at Ain Shams University Hospital in Egypt that examined the relationship between hemodialysis and oxidative stress markers in elderly patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular dialysis. The study found that there was a positive correlation between the duration of hemodialysis sessions and the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), while there was a negative correlation between the number of sessions per week and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). The study suggests that ESRD patients on regular hemodialysis are at an increased risk of oxidative stress, which is directly related to the duration and frequency of hemodialysis. The article acknowledges limitations and recommends further research to confirm the findings. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation may be a cardinal pathophysiologic feature in the pathogenesis of frailty. Interferon-gamma (INF-γ) is an understudied proinflammatory cytokine in frailty that induces many inflammatory pathways including the guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GTP-CH1) pathway. Our aim was to evaluate the GTP-CH1 pathway in Egyptian frail elderly subjects. Methods: INF-γ, neopterin, and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured in 80 participants. Results: Both pre-frail and frail subjects had significantly higher levels of INF-γ, neopterin and lower levels of NO than the control group. These biomarkers were associated with the risk of frailty with significant odds ratio. Conclusions: Elevated INF-γ levels in frail subjects may activate the GTP-CH1 pathway. Elevated neopterin and reduced NO levels correlated with an active GTP-CH1 pathway. The risk of frailty increased with elevated INF-γ and neopterin and decreased with elevated NO levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]