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Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) are the most common histological types, with AC patients having worse prognosis. Over the last two decades, incidence rates of AC have increased, highlighting the importance of further understanding AC tumorigenesis, and the need to investigate new treatment options. The cytokine TGF-beta functions as a tumour suppressor in healthy tissue. However, in tumour cells this suppressive function can be overcome. Therefore there is an increasing interest in using TGF-beta inhibitors in the treatment of cancer. Here, we hypothesize that TGF-beta plays a different role in SCC and AC. Analysis of RNA-seq data from the TCGA, using a TGF-beta response signature, resulted in separate clustering of the two subtypes. We further investigated the expression of TGF-beta-signalling related proteins (T beta R1/2, SMAD4, pSMAD2, PAI-1, alpha v beta 6 and MMP2/9) in a cohort of 62 AC patients. Low T beta R2 and SMAD4 expression was associated with worse survival in AC patients and interestingly, high PAI-1 and alpha v beta 6 expression was also correlated with worse survival. Similar correlations of T beta R2, PAI-1 and alpha v beta 6 with clinical parameters were found in previously reported SCC analyses. However, when comparing expression levels between SCC and AC patient samples, pSMAD2, SMAD4, PAI-1 and alpha v beta 6 showed lower expression in AC compared to SCC. Because of the low expression of core T beta R1/2, (p-)SMAD2 and SMAD4 proteins and the correlation with worse prognosis, TGF-beta pathway most likely leads to tumour inhibitory effects in AC and therefore the use of TGF-beta inhibitors would not be recommended. However, given the correlation of PAI-1 and alpha v beta 6 with poor prognosis, the use of TGF- beta inhibitors might be of interest in SCC and in the subsets of AC patients with high expression of these TGF-beta associated proteins.

La région des Traras Occidentaux, important massif du littoral Oranais (Nord-Ouest Algérien), offre des conditions assez particulièrement favorables pour le développement d’une faune diversifiée. Elle se caractérise par un bioclimat semi-aride. Notre objectif de cette étude est de faire un inventaire faunistique au niveau de trois stations différentes de point de vue cortège floristique (Tamarchalet, Tarasmouth, El Mahsar). Les échantillonnages sont effectués du mars 2009 à décembre 2009, soit 18 prélèvements. L’analyse de la faune a révélé l’existence de 120 espèces. L’entomofaune est diversifiée (10 ordres systématiques), elle contient 77 espèces. Les Gastéropodes et les Oiseaux sont représentés par 10 espèces pour chacun. Ensuite viennent les Arachnides (8 espèces), les Mammifères (6 espèces). Les Crustacés et les Amphibiens viennent en dernier rang avec 2 espèces pour les premiers et 1 espèce pour les seconds. Une étude analytique avec la répartition des groupes faunistiques selon la saison, le mois et la strate est définie.Mots-clés : traras occidentaux, nord-ouest Algérien, faune, biodiversité.Biodiversity and bioecological approach fauna of the Traras mounts west (North Western Algerian). The Western Region Traras, important coastal massif Oran (North West Algeria), offers particularly favorable conditions enough for the development of a variety of wildlife. It is characterized by a semi-arid bioclimate. Our objective of this study is to make an inventory of fauna at three different stations of floristic point of view (Tamarchalet, Tarasmouth El Mahsar). Sampling is conducted from March 2009 to December 2009, 18 specimens. The analysis of the fauna revealed 120 species. The insect fauna is diverse (10 systematic orders), it contains 77 species. Gastropods and birds are represented by 10 species each. Then come the Arachnida (8 species), mammals (6 species). Crustaceans and amphibians come in last place with 2 species and 1 for the first case to the second. An analytical study with the distribution of faunal groups according to the season, month and stratum is defined.Keywords : traras west, north western Algerian, fauna, biodiversity.

The objective of this study was to explore the possibility of using inflorescences instead of leaves as tree organ to assess the nutritional status in olive orchards. Leaves and inflorescences of olive trees (cv. Arbequina), planted under a high density planting system in two different sites (SE of Tunisia and NE of Spain), were used. The experiment was carried out in two consecutive years, 2006 and 2007. Leaf samples were taken at five different developmental stages: inflorescence emergence, fruit set, pit hardening, fruit development and fruit maturity. Inflorescences were sampled at the stage of white button, when the corolla changes from green to white colour. No significant correlations were found between inflorescence and leaf concentrations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg for each site in both years. However, some significant correlations were obtained between leaf and inflorescence mineral contents in both years when analyzing the full set of data for both locations, although correlations were different in each year. At the pit hardening stage, which coincides with the standard date for leaf sampling, significant correlations between leaves and inflorescence concentrations were obtained only for N (r=-0.827**) in 2006, and for N (r=-0.604*), K (r=-0.527*), P (r=0.760**) and Ca (r=-0.824**) in 2007., This study was supported by AECI-MAE projects A/3005/05, A/5199/06, A/8333/07 and A/017280/08.

In North Africa, very few studies dealt with livestock and meat marketing channels. In order to contribute to covering this gap, surveys were conducted Moroccan, Algerian and Tunisian rural communities. Additionally, and in order to describe the role of different actors in the marketing channels, other surveys were organized in several animal markets. The objective was to reconstruct the different pathways through which sheep move from producers to consumers and understand transactions’ modalities. This first hand descriptive analysis helped gaining insights on sheep marketing channels and strategies adopted by farmers, traders’ characterization, price and margin formation and meat consumption trends. The paper emphasizes also distinctive and common features across the three countries. Meat market analysis revealed the beginning of a price differentiation according to market and consumer types, season and social event and finally by the recent development of super markets that provide new types of meat cuts. These changes could influence distribution channels with the emergence of differentiated whole carcass sales with different pieces targeting different socio-economic niches. The present research faced some difficulties of reliable data availability as it is the case of the Algerian trans-border informal transactions towards Tunisia and Morocco. This study is first hand description of sheep marketing channels in North Africa with a preliminary understanding of sheep and meat marketing channels and transactions in the three communities studied. Up scaling such research to include a larger and a more comprehensive sampling is necessary in order to gain more representation of different realities and gathering more accurate and reliable data., En Afrique du Nord, les recherches consacrées à l’étude de la commercialisation du cheptel et de la viande sont très limitées. Afin de contribuer à combler cette lacune, des enquêtes ont été menées dans trois communautés rurales au Maroc, en Algérie et en Tunisie. Par ailleurs, et afin de cerner le rôle des différents acteurs dans les circuits de commercialisation des ovins vifs et de leur viande, d’autres enquêtes ont été menées dans plusieurs marchés. Le but était de reconstituer les différents circuits dans lesquels évolue l’animal depuis l’exploitation jusqu’au consommateur, et de comprendre les modalités de transaction. L’analyse descriptive préliminaire a permis de s’informer sur les circuits et les stratégies de commercialisation des producteurs et des intermédiaires, la caractérisation des intermédiaires, la formation des prix et des marges et la dynamique des modèles de consommation et de commercialisation. La présente recherche a rencontré des difficultés relatives à la fiabilité des données collectées, comme c’est le cas du commerce ovin transfrontalier entre l’Algérie et les deux pays riverains. Le temps limité consacré à l’étude n’a pas permis d’élargir son étendue à un niveau régional ou national, empêchant l’élaboration de modèles des fonctions de l’offre et de la demande. Cette recherche a fourni une description préliminaire sur les circuits de commercialisation des ovins dans trois communautés respectivement Marocaine, Algérienne et Tunisienne. L’augmentation de la taille de l’échantillon est nécessaire dans un souci de représentativité de diverses réalités des systèmes de production.

1 .pdf (2 Tabls.) copia del Póster original presentado por los autores. Se acompaña de 1 .pdf copia del resumen oficial., The main objective of this work was to evaluate if inflorescence analysis can be considered as an alternative to foliar diagnosis in determining the nutritional status of olive orchards. Olive leaves from cv. Arbequina, planted under high density planting system in two different sites (Tunisia and Spain), were sampled at 5 developmental stages (inflorescence emergence, fruit set, pit hardening, fruit development and fruit maturity) during two years, 2006 and 2007., This study was supported by AECI-MAE projects A/3005/05 and A/5 199/06.