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Background: Researchers are trying to study the mechanism of neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiation to oligodendrocyte-like cells (OLCs) as well as to enhance the selective differentiation of NSCs to oligodendrocytes. However, the limitation in nerve tissue accessibility to isolate the NSCs as well as their differentiation toward oligodendrocytes is still challenging. Purpose: In the present study, a hybrid polycaprolactone (PCL)-gelatin nanofiber scaffold mimicking the native extracellular matrix and axon morphology to direct the differentiation of bone marrow-derived NSCs to OLCs was introduced. Materials and Methods: In order to achieve a sustained release of T3, this factor was encapsulated within chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan-loaded T3 was incorporated within PCL nanofibers. Polyaniline graphene (PAG) nanocomposite was incorporated within gelatin nanofibers to endow the scaffold with conductive properties, which resemble the conductive behavior of axons. Biodegradation, water contact angle measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations as well as conductivity tests were used to evaluate the properties of the prepared scaffold. The concentration of PAG and T3-loaded chitosan NPs in nanofibers were optimized by examining the proliferation of cultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the scaffolds. The differentiation of BMSCs-derived NSCs cultured on the fabricated scaffolds into OLCs was analyzed by evaluating the expression of oligodendrocyte markers using immunofluorescence (ICC), RT-PCR and flowcytometric assays. Results: Incorporating 2% PAG proved to have superior cell support and proliferation while guaranteeing electrical conductivity of 10.8 x 10(-5) S/cm. Moreover, the scaffold containing 2% of T3-loaded chitosan NPs was considered to be the most biocompatible samples. Result of ICC, RTPCR and flow cytometry showed high expression of O4, Olig2, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFR-alpha), O, Funding Agencies|Iranian Stem Cell Council [11/93232]; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center (Tehran University of Medical Science and Health Services); Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Rasti Boroojeni F, Mashayekhan S, Abbaszadeh HA, Ansarizadeh M, Khoramgah MS, Rahimi Movaghar V. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:3903–3920. Page 3908, left column, Isolation and Characterization of BMSCs section, the text “Afterward, PBS was used to wash the fixed cells twice and the cells were incubated at 4°C with antibodies specific for the following antigens: CD34, CD45, CD90, CD44, Nestin, NF68, GFAP for 30 mins” should read “Afterward, PBS was used to wash the fixed cells twice and the cells were incubated at 4°C with antibodies specific for the following antigens: CD45, CD29, CD73, CD105, Nestin, NF68, GFAP for 30 mins”.    Page 3909, right column, the section heading “Static Analysis” should read “Statistical Analysis”. Figure 2 on page 3910, the scale bar in part E shows “2 ìM” it should read “10 ìm”. The text “(the condition and concentration of PCL nanofibers was exactly the same for all four groups, thus the same SEM image was used to show the PCL nanofibers for all groups)” has also been added to the figure caption. The correct Figure 2 is shown. Page 3911, BMSCs Characterization section, the text “In this analysis, CD44, CD90, and CD 106 markers as mesenchymal stem cell markers and CD45 as hematopoietic stem cells marker were used” should read “In this analysis, CD29, CD73, and CD 105 markers as mesenchymal stem cell markers and CD45 as hematopoietic stem cells marker were used”.   Figure 3 on page 3912, the scale bar in part C shows “20 μM” it should read “20 &m

Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni, 1, 2 Shohreh Mashayekhan, 1 Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh, 3, 4 Mohamadhasan Ansarizadeh, 1, 5 Maryam-Sadat Khoramgah, 4 Vafa Rahimi Movaghar 6 1Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; 2Division of Molecular Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; 3Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 5Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; 6Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranCorrespondence: Hojjat-Allah AbbaszadehHearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 19395-4719, Tehran, Iran+98 21-22439976Email Dr.Abbaszadeh@sbmu.ac.irVafa Rahimi MovagharSina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranTel +98 21-66757001Fax +98 21-66757009Email V_rahimi@sina.tums.ac.irBackground: Researchers are trying to study the mechanism of neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiation to oligodendrocyte-like cells (OLCs) as well as to enhance the selective differentiation of NSCs to oligodendrocytes. However, the limitation in nerve tissue accessibility to isolate the NSCs as well as their differentiation toward oligodendrocytes is still challenging.Purpose: In the present study, a hybrid polycaprolactone (PCL)-gelatin nanofiber scaffold mimicking the native extracellular matrix and axon morphology to direct the differentiation of bone marrow-derived NSCs to OLCs was introduced.Materials and Methods: In order to achieve a sustained release of T3, this factor was encapsulated within chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan-loaded T3 was incor