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Objective: It is common to see that child-parent interaction affects psychological problems in adulthood. This interaction process may also be effective in developing emotional schemas and attitudes. The present study aimed to investigate the similarities or differences in emotional schemas between mothers and adolescents in both clinical and control groups. Method: Eighty-two adolescents who applied to the child and adolescent outpatient clinics and their mothers (assigned as the clinical group) and 80 adolescents without any psychiatric problems and their mothers (assigned as the control group) were examined using a Sociodemographic Characteristics Form and Leahy Emotional Schema Scale Turkish Version (LESS-T). A multivariate analysis of variance test was used to determine the intergroup differences in emotional schema levels. Results: LESS-T was applied to all participants. No statistically significant difference was found between mothers and their adolescents on the LESS-T subscales in the control group (p=0.89). Mothers in the clinical group reported higher levels of demand for rationality (p=0.003) and emotional avoidance (p=0.01) than mothers in the control group. In the clinical group, adolescents reported higher levels of uncontrollability (p=0.007), and mothers reported higher levels of comprehensibility (p=0.001), demand for rationality (p=0.001), and emotional avoidance (p=0.007). Conclusion: Mothers' emotional schemas, such as avoidance and demand for rationality, may prevent their children from expressing and experiencing emotions sufficiently. Findings emphasize the importance of healthy mother-child interaction for developing emotional skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) are commonly used in several psychopathologies. Paliperidone, a new SGA, offers a potential new treatment option for adolescents, with several advantages including single dosage per day and availability in hepatic problems. In this report, it was aimed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of paliperidone in a small sample of adolescent inpatients. Methods: Demographic and clinical variables of eleven adolescents (6 male, 5 female) were evaluated. Of paliperidone, efficacy was assessed with clinical global impression scale-severity (CGI-S) for all cases, Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) for those with bipolar disorders, and positive and negative syndrome scale (PANNS) for those with psychosis. Tolerability was assessed with Simpson-Angus Extrapyramidal Side Effects Scale (SAS). Data was analyzed in descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation). Results: The mean age was 16.1 years and mean duration of paliperidone use was 20.1 days. Diagnoses of patients were psychotic disorder (n=5), bipolar disorder (n=3, 2 cases with psychotic symptoms), conduct disorder (n=1), and conduct disorder with comorbid bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (n=2). Mean paliperidone dose was 9.8 mg/day. Mean improvements were 1.2 in CGI-S scores (n=11), 20.3 in PANNS total score (n=7) and 17.8 in YMRS score (n=5). Seven patients had a score higher than 0.3 on SAS (63.6%). Conclusion: Results showed clinically meaningful improvements in symptom measurements of different disorders. However, side effects should be evaluated regularly in adolescents. Future prospective studies with large samples are needed for definite conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of patients accessing child and adolescent inpatient unit in a mental health hospital. Method: Data were obtained from child and adolescent inpatient unit files. Files of patients under 18 years of age were evaluated over a 10-months period retrospectively. Subjects were evaluated by number of admissions to inpatient unit within a year, age, gender, school status, family structure, reasons for admission, source of referral, length of stay on the unit, DSM-IV psychiatric diagnosis and the rate of multiple diagnosis, previous admission of psychiatric inpatient unit, history of substance use and sexual abuse, and family history of mental illness. Data reflected only the first psychiatric admission for each youth within the year. Results: Completed data were available for 599 admissions in 472 patients (11-18 years old); 255 (54.0%) were female and 385 (81.6%) patients admitted only once in a year. Mean age was 15.73 years (SD=1.43). Of patients, 40.7 percent (n=187) were still at school and 67.5 percent (n=311) had the nuclear or extended family. While the most common reason for admission was risk of suicidality (43.9%; n=206), 52.3 percent of patients (n=247) were referred from psychiatric emergency department. The mean length of stay of admissions on the unit was 9.58 days (SD=11.97). One hundred thirty six patients (29.5%) had two and more diagnoses. Seventy seven patients (16.3%) were previously admitted to an inpatient unit. Of patients, 26.7 percent had a history of substance use (n=126), and 17.4 percent had a history of sexual abuse (n=82). In this study, 67.1 percent (n=281) had family history of mental illness. Conclusion: It was found that of patients, most had one diagnosis, admitted only once in a year and had no previous admission to an inpatient unit, and half were referred from psychiatric emergency department. Also, the mean length of stay in patients on the unit were shorter than of those in the literature. These findings indicate that child and adolescent inpatient unit in mental health hospital might have an important role in crisis intervention in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a multisystemic inflammatory disease in children and young adults. The most notable complications of ARF are rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and Sydenham's chorea (SC). There have been many reports about executive dysfunctions with children who have SC. "Executive function" is an umbrella term that is used to describe higher level cognitive functions. The aim of this study is to determine the executive functions of children with RHD. We evaluated executive functions in healthy children with the same sociodemographic characteristics as children with RHD., Methods: Our study was designed as a cross-sectional randomized study, including children with RHD aged between 12 and 18, and healthy controls. The difference between the patient and control group participants in terms of age, gender, education level, education level of the parents, family income level, and executive functions were investigated. Executive functions composed of Digit Sequence Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Trail-Making Test, Stroop Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test., Results: In our study, a total of 30 children with RHD were followed up at the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic of Bezmialem Vakif University Hospital composed the patient group. The control group was made up of 30 healthy children of the same sex and age group as the patient group. The mean age of the case group was 14.73 ± 1.84 years. The Digit Span Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Trail-Making Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Stroop Test produced no statistically significant differences between the RHD patients and the controls., Conclusions: No statistically significant difference was found between the RHD patients and control patients in any executive function test. It was suggested that executive dysfunction might not develop in RHD patients before developing SC., (© 2022 Japan Pediatric Society.)