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5. It Was Teacher Identities, Learning and Teaching Experience That Affected Teaching Practices

Author

Kim, Jung-Hyun and Koo, Soo-Hyun

Abstract

Teacher identity is complex, changeable over time, and a poly-component assembly like the social identity. Since there were some problems in analyzing teacher identity with the existing binary methods using NNEST (Non-Native English-Speaking Teacher) and NEST (Native English-Speaking Teacher), various analyzing methods were adopted in this study, such as investigating the linguistic identity of the participants. The primary purpose of the study was to investigate teacher identity of two female professors teaching English conversation in Korea and find out how their different teacher identities and learning and teaching experiences affected their teaching practices. Data collection consisted of six semistructured interview sessions with two participants and one classroom observation for six months. To triangulate the data, the study analyzed the classroom observation field notes and background survey sheets along with the transcripts of the interviews. The present study discovered that the first participant (EB-elective bilingual) positioned herself as a NNEST and Korean who spent most of her lifetime practicing and teaching English in Korea with studying experience for about three and half years in the U.S. In the meantime, the second participant, a circumstantial bilingual, perceived herself as a NEST and Korean, who studied and practiced English in the U.S. and in some Asian countries but taught English language mostly in Korea. Even though both professors confessed that a well-prepared class was important, their different linguistic identities, learning and teaching experience caused the different teaching practices. In addition to such findings, the present study attempted to uncover the relationships between teachers' NNEST identity and their actual teaching practices in the classroom. Hence, this study offers important implications for teaching English conversation in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) contexts.

Published
2022

6. Development of Load Optimization and Anomaly Detection Platform Based on Air Cylinder Consumption Patterns

Author

Cha, Ji-hyun, Jeong, Heung-gyun, Han, Seung-woo, Baek, Seung-hwa, Lee, Hee-Boo, Hwang, Seok-Hee, Kim, Jung-hyun, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, Series Editor, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Kobsa, Alfred, Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Sudan, Madhu, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, Vardi, Moshe Y, Series Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Kurosu, Masaaki, editor, and Hashizume, Ayako, editor

Published
2024
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7. Quantitative Thrombogenesis Analysis in an In-vitro Microfluidic Chip Using Image Analysis and CFD

Author

Choi, Ji-Seob, Ham, Dong-Hwi, Kim, Jung-Hyun, Jeong, Pyeong-Ho, Marcial, Helem Betsua Flores, Choi, Jin-Ho, Park, Woo-Tae, Magjarević, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Vo, Van Toi, editor, Nguyen, Thi-Hiep, editor, Vong, Binh Long, editor, Le, Ngoc Bich, editor, and Nguyen, Thanh Qua, editor

Published
2024
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19. An integrative approach for the analysis of risk and health across the life course: challenges, innovations, and opportunities for life course research

Author

Zuber, Sascha, Bechtiger, Laura, Bodelet, Julien Stéphane, Golin, Marta, Heumann, Jens, Kim, Jung Hyun, Klee, Matthias, Mur, Jure, Noll, Jennie, Voll, Stacey, O’Keefe, Patrick, Steinhoff, Annekatrin, Zölitz, Ulf, Muniz-Terrera, Graciela, Shanahan, Lilly, Shanahan, Michael J., and Hofer, Scott M.

Published
2023
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22. Machine learning in the social and health sciences

Author

Leist, Anja K., Klee, Matthias, Kim, Jung Hyun, Rehkopf, David H., Bordas, Stéphane P. A., Muniz-Terrera, Graciela, and Wade, Sara

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The uptake of machine learning (ML) approaches in the social and health sciences has been rather slow, and research using ML for social and health research questions remains fragmented. This may be due to the separate development of research in the computational/data versus social and health sciences as well as a lack of accessible overviews and adequate training in ML techniques for non data science researchers. This paper provides a meta-mapping of research questions in the social and health sciences to appropriate ML approaches, by incorporating the necessary requirements to statistical analysis in these disciplines. We map the established classification into description, prediction, and causal inference to common research goals, such as estimating prevalence of adverse health or social outcomes, predicting the risk of an event, and identifying risk factors or causes of adverse outcomes. This meta-mapping aims at overcoming disciplinary barriers and starting a fluid dialogue between researchers from the social and health sciences and methodologically trained researchers. Such mapping may also help to fully exploit the benefits of ML while considering domain-specific aspects relevant to the social and health sciences, and hopefully contribute to the acceleration of the uptake of ML applications to advance both basic and applied social and health sciences research.

Published
2021

27. FAK Activation Promotes SMC Dedifferentiation via Increased DNA Methylation in Contractile Genes.

Author

Jeong, Kyuho, Murphy, James, Kim, Jung-Hyun, Campbell, Pamela, Park, Hyeonsoo, Rodriguez, Yelitza, Choi, Chung-Sik, Kim, Jun-Sub, Park, Sangwon, Kim, Hyun, Scammell, Jonathan, Weber, David, Honkanen, Richard, Schlaepfer, David, Ahn, Eun-Young, and Lim, Ssang-Taek

Subjects
DNA methylation, atherosclerosis, focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinases, methyltransferases, neointima, vascular remodeling, Animals, Cell Dedifferentiation, Cells, Cultured, Contractile Proteins, DNA Methylation, DNA Methyltransferase 3A, Focal Adhesion Kinase 1, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Proteolysis, Ubiquitination, Up-Regulation
Abstract

RATIONALE: Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) exhibit remarkable plasticity and can undergo dedifferentiation upon pathological stimuli associated with disease and interventions. OBJECTIVE: Although epigenetic changes are critical in SMC phenotype switching, a fundamental regulator that governs the epigenetic machineries regulating the fate of SMC phenotype has not been elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using SMCs, mouse models, and human atherosclerosis specimens, we found that FAK (focal adhesion kinase) activation elicits SMC dedifferentiation by stabilizing DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 3A). FAK in SMCs is activated in the cytoplasm upon serum stimulation in vitro or vessel injury and active FAK prevents DNMT3A from nuclear FAK-mediated degradation. However, pharmacological or genetic FAK catalytic inhibition forced FAK nuclear localization, which reduced DNMT3A protein via enhanced ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Reduced DNMT3A protein led to DNA hypomethylation in contractile gene promoters, which increased SMC contractile protein expression. RNA-sequencing identified SMC contractile genes as a foremost upregulated group by FAK inhibition from injured femoral artery samples compared with vehicle group. DNMT3A knockdown in injured arteries reduced DNA methylation and enhanced contractile gene expression supports the notion that nuclear FAK-mediated DNMT3A degradation via E3 ligase TRAF6 (TNF [tumor necrosis factor] receptor-associated factor 6) drives differentiation of SMCs. Furthermore, we observed that SMCs of human atherosclerotic lesions exhibited decreased nuclear FAK, which was associated with increased DNMT3A levels and decreased contractile gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that nuclear FAK induced by FAK catalytic inhibition specifically suppresses DNMT3A expression in injured vessels resulting in maintaining SMC differentiation by promoting the contractile gene expression. Thus, FAK inhibitors may provide a new treatment option to block SMC phenotypic switching during vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis.

Published
2021

42. Nuclear Focal Adhesion Kinase Controls Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Neointimal Hyperplasia Through GATA4-Mediated Cyclin D1 Transcription

Author

Jeong, Kyuho, Kim, Jung-Hyun, Murphy, James M, Park, Hyeonsoo, Kim, Su-Jeong, Rodriguez, Yelitza AR, Kong, Hyunkyung, Choi, Chungsik, Guan, Jun-Lin, Taylor, Joan M, Lincoln, Thomas M, Gerthoffer, William T, Kim, Jun-Sub, Ahn, Eun-Young Erin, Schlaepfer, David D, and Lim, Ssang-Taek Steve

Subjects
Genetics, Cardiovascular, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Active Transport, Cell Nucleus, Animals, Cell Nucleus, Cell Proliferation, Cells, Cultured, Cyclin D1, Focal Adhesion Kinase 1, GATA4 Transcription Factor, Hyperplasia, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Tunica Intima, atherosclerosis, cyclin D1, FAK, GATA4, hyperplasia, smooth muscle cell, vascular remodeling, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

RationaleNeointimal hyperplasia is characterized by excessive accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) leading to occlusive disorders, such as atherosclerosis and stenosis. Blood vessel injury increases growth factor secretion and matrix synthesis, which promotes SMC proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia via FAK (focal adhesion kinase).ObjectiveTo understand the mechanism of FAK action in SMC proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia.Methods and resultsUsing combined pharmacological FAK catalytic inhibition (VS-4718) and SMC-specific FAK kinase-dead (Myh11-Cre-ERT2) mouse models, we report that FAK regulates SMC proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia in part by governing GATA4- (GATA-binding protein 4) cyclin D1 signaling. Inhibition of FAK catalytic activity facilitates FAK nuclear localization, which is required for proteasome-mediated GATA4 degradation in the cytoplasm. Chromatin immunoprecipitation identified GATA4 binding to the mouse cyclin D1 promoter, and loss of GATA4-mediated cyclin D1 transcription diminished SMC proliferation. Stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor or serum activated FAK and redistributed FAK from the nucleus to cytoplasm, leading to concomitant increase in GATA4 protein and cyclin D1 expression. In a femoral artery wire injury model, increased neointimal hyperplasia was observed in parallel with elevated FAK activity, GATA4 and cyclin D1 expression following injury in control mice, but not in VS-4718-treated and SMC-specific FAK kinase-dead mice. Finally, lentiviral shGATA4 knockdown in the wire injury significantly reduced cyclin D1 expression, SMC proliferation, and neointimal hyperplasia compared with control mice.ConclusionsNuclear enrichment of FAK by inhibition of FAK catalytic activity during vessel injury blocks SMC proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia through regulation of GATA4-mediated cyclin D1 transcription.

Published
2019

46. Establishing the phenotypic spectrum of ZTTK syndrome by analysis of 52 individuals with variants in SON

Author

Dingemans, Alexander J. M., Truijen, Kim M. G., Kim, Jung-Hyun, Alaçam, Zahide, Faivre, Laurence, Collins, Kathleen M., Gerkes, Erica H., van Haelst, Mieke, van de Laar, Ingrid M. B. H., Lindstrom, Kristin, Nizon, Mathilde, Pauling, James, Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta, Plomp, Astrid S., Racine, Caroline, Sachdev, Rani, Sinnema, Margje, Skranes, Jon, Veenstra-Knol, Hermine E., Verberne, Eline A., Vulto-van Silfhout, Anneke T., Wilsterman, Marlon E. F., Ahn, Eun-Young Erin, de Vries, Bert B. A., and Vissers, Lisenka E. L. M.

Published
2022
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50. Rethinking Vivekananda through space and territorialised spirituality, c. 1880-1920

Author

Kim, Jung Hyun and Chatterji, Joya

Subjects
294.5092, Hindu nationalism, space, Vivekananda, transnational history, colonial India, British Empire, anti-colonialism, colonial subjectivity, Parliament of the World's Religions
Abstract

This dissertation examines Vivekananda (1863-1902) as an itinerant monk rather than the nationalist ideologue he has become in recent scholarship. Historians have approached Vivekananda as either a pioneer of Hindu nationalism or as the voice of a universalist calling for service to humanity. Such labelling neglects the fact that he predominantly navigated between those polarised identities, and overlooks the incongruities between his actions and his ideas. By contextualising his travels within various scales of history, this dissertation puts Vivekananda's lived life in dialogue with his thought, as articulated in his correspondence and speeches. It shows that purposeful movement characterised Vivekananda's life. Instead of searching for enlightenment, he travelled throughout the subcontinent as a wandering monk to territorialise spirituality. He carved out his own support base in Madras to reclaim the region from the Theosophical Society, and dwelled in native courts to accrue the patronage of native princes to build the Ramakrishna Math and Mission with him at the helm. His web of princely patronage also carried him to the Parliament of the World's Religions (World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893), as a representative of 'Hinduism' rather than a Hindu representative of a religious community or organisation. His rise to fame at the Parliament also unfolded through spatial dynamic. His performance triggered highly gendered and disordered spectacle, which starkly contrasted with the British Royal Commission's obsession with discipline at the main Exposition. Furthermore, his speeches painted an anti-colonial geography of fraternity, and instilled new malleable subjectivity in his western female followers. After his death, his life and ideas continued to challenge the colonial state's distinction between 'spirituality' and anarchism. Thus, Vivekananda territorialised spirituality in both India and America not only by travelling, but also by inhabiting the interstices of empire. By examining Vivekananda through space, this dissertation creates a new template for contextualising Vivekananda in national, imperial, and international histories, leading to new insights on the man, his ideas, and his legacy.

Published
2018
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