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3. Hysteresis Modeling of Twisted-Coiled Polymer Actuators Using Long Short Term Memory Networks

Author

Luong, Tuan, Seo, Sungwon, Kim, Kihyeon, Jeon, Jeongmin, Koo, Ja Choon, Choi, Hyouk Ryeol, Moon, Hyungpil, Ceccarelli, Marco, Series Editor, Agrawal, Sunil K., Advisory Editor, Corves, Burkhard, Advisory Editor, Glazunov, Victor, Advisory Editor, Hernández, Alfonso, Advisory Editor, Huang, Tian, Advisory Editor, Jauregui Correa, Juan Carlos, Advisory Editor, Takeda, Yukio, Advisory Editor, Khang, Nguyen Van, editor, and Hoang, Nguyen Quang, editor

Published
2022
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11. Design and Control of Lightweight Bionic Arm Driven by Soft Twisted and Coiled Artificial Muscles

Author

Yang, Sang Yul, primary, Kim, Kihyeon, additional, Ko, Jeong U., additional, Seo, Sungwon, additional, Hwang, Seong Taek, additional, Park, Jae Hyeong, additional, Jung, Ho Sang, additional, Gong, Young Jin, additional, Suk, Ji Won, additional, Rodrigue, Hugo, additional, Moon, Hyungpil, additional, Koo, Ja Choon, additional, Nam, Jae-do, additional, and Choi, Hyouk Ryeol, additional

Published
2023
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12. Multi-chord observation of stellar occultation by the near-Earth asteroid (3200) Phaethon on 2021 October 3 (UTC) with very high accuracy

Author

Yoshida, Fumi, primary, Hayamizu, Tsutomu, additional, Miyashita, Kazuhisa, additional, Watanabe, Hiroyuki, additional, Yamamura, Hidehito, additional, Akitaya, Hiroshi, additional, Asai, Akira, additional, Fujiwara, Yasunori, additional, Goto, Tateki, additional, Hashimoto, George L, additional, Hatanaka, Akitoshi, additional, Horaguchi, Toshihiro, additional, Ida, Miyoshi, additional, Imamura, Kazuyoshi, additional, Isobe, Ken, additional, Ishiguro, Masateru, additional, Kaizuka, Noboru, additional, Kasebe, Hisashi, additional, Kawasaki, Yohei, additional, Kim, Taewoo, additional, Kitazaki, Katsuhiko, additional, Manago, Norihiro, additional, Matsumura, Masafumi, additional, Matsushita, Hiroshi, additional, Matsuura, Shuji, additional, Nakamura, Takahiro, additional, Nagata, Toshihiro, additional, Noda, Hirotomo, additional, Ogawa, Masaaki, additional, Ohshima, Osamu, additional, Owada, Minoru, additional, Saitou, Kazuyuki, additional, Tsumura, Mitsunori, additional, Ueyama, Yoshihiro, additional, Watanabe, Hayato, additional, Yamamoto, Masa-yuki, additional, Yoshihara, Hideki, additional, Fujiwara, Takao, additional, Haraguchi, Miyu, additional, Hayashi, Hironori, additional, Hitotsuda, Tomoya, additional, Horikawa, Toshihiro, additional, Ishida, Kai, additional, Ito, Tadashi, additional, Jin, Sunho, additional, Kang, Wonseok, additional, Katayama, Toshihiko, additional, Kawabata, Koji S, additional, Kawasaki, Ryosuke, additional, Kim, Kihyeon, additional, Kita, Masayuki, additional, Kitazaki, Naoko, additional, Kurisu, Hiroya, additional, Matsushima, Makoto, additional, Matsumi, Chika, additional, Mihari, Ayami, additional, Naka, Masaru, additional, Nakaoka, Tatsuya, additional, Nishihama, Reiko, additional, Nishiyama, Yukio, additional, Nukui, Sadao, additional, Oba, Masahiko, additional, Okamoto, Takaya, additional, Omori, Yujiro, additional, Seo, Jinguk, additional, Shirakawa, Hiroki, additional, Sugino, Tomoshi, additional, Tani, Yuki, additional, Takagaki, Kazuhiko, additional, Ueda, Yukikazu, additional, Urakawa, Seitaro, additional, Watanabe, Masanari, additional, Yamashita, Kouhei, additional, Yamashita, Misato, additional, Sato, Isao, additional, Murayama, Shosaku, additional, Arai, Tomoko, additional, Herald, David, additional, and Higuchi, Arika, additional

Published
2022
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18. Mesenchymal stem cells enhance CCL8 expression by podocytes in lupus-prone MRL.Faslpr mice.

Author

Kim, Hyung Sook, Lee, Hong Kyung, Kim, Kihyeon, Ahn, Gi Beom, Kim, Min Sung, Lee, Tae Yong, Son, Dong Ju, Kim, Youngsoo, Hong, Jin Tae, and Han, Sang-Bae

Subjects
MESENCHYMAL stem cells, SYSTEMIC lupus erythematosus, T cells, B cells
Abstract

Nephritis is common in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and is associated with hyper-activation of immune and renal cells. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ameliorate nephritis by inhibiting T and B cells, whether MSCs directly affect renal cells is unclear. To address this issue, we examined the direct effect of MSCs on renal cells with a focus on chemokines. We found that expression of CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CCL19, and CXCL10 increased 1.6–5.6-fold in the kidney of lupus-prone MRL.Faslpr mice with advancing age from 9 to 16 weeks. Although MSCs inhibited the increase in the expression of most chemokines by 52–95%, they further increased CCL8 expression by 290%. Using renal cells, we next investigated how MSCs enhanced CCL8 expression. CCL8 was expressed by podocytes, but not by tubular cells. MSCs enhanced CCL8 expression by podocytes in a contact-dependent manner, which was proved by transwell assay and blocking with anti-VCAM-1 antibody. Finally, we showed that CCL8 itself activated MSCs to produce more immunosuppressive factors (IL-10, IDO, TGF-β1, and iNOS) and to inhibit more strongly IFN-γ production by T cells. Taken together, our data demonstrate that MSCs activate podocytes to produce CCL8 in a contact-dependent manner and conversely, podocyte-derived CCL8 might potentiate immunosuppressive activity of MSCs in a paracrine fashion. Our study documents a previously unrecognized therapeutic mechanism of MSCs in nephritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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19. An Optimal Network-Aware Scheduling Technique for Distributed Deep Learning in Distributed HPC Platforms.

Author

Lee, Sangkwon, Raza Shah, Syed Asif, Seok, Woojin, Moon, Jeonghoon, Kim, Kihyeon, and Raza Shah, Syed Hasnain

Subjects
DEEP learning, OPTIMIZATION algorithms, ARTIFICIAL intelligence, SCHEDULING, PROBLEM solving
Abstract

Deep learning is a growing technique used to solve complex artificial intelligence (AI) problems. Large-scale deep learning has become a significant issue as a result of the expansion of datasets and the complexity of deep learning models. For training large-scale models, the cloud can be used as a distributed HPC (high-performance computing) tool with benefits in cost and flexibility. However, one of the major performance barriers in distributed deep learning in a distributed HPC environment is the network. The performance is often limited by heavy traffic like many stochastic gradient descent transfers for distributed communication. There are many network studies in distributed deep learning to solve these problems, but most research only focuses on improving communication performance and applying new methods or algorithms like overlapping parameter synchronization to minimize communication delay rather than considering the actual network. In this paper, we are focusing on the actual network, especially in a distributed HPC environment. In such an environment, if cluster nodes are assigned to different zones/regions which means a set of an appropriate number of distributed HPC nodes when performing distributed deep learning tasks, performance degradation due to network delay may occur. The proposed network optimization algorithm ensures that distributed work is placed in the same zone as much as possible to reduce network delay. Furthermore, scoring using network monitoring tools like loss, delay, and throughput is applied to select the optimal node within the zone. Our proposal has been validated on the Kubernetes platform, an open source orchestrator for the automatic management and deployment of micro-services. The performance of distributed deep learning is improved through the proposed scheduler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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21. Study on Improving the Implementation of Access and Benefit-Sharing(ABS) Regime of the Nagoya Protocol

Author

Park Sujin and Kim Kihyeon

Subjects
Traditional medicine, Benefit sharing, Mathematics
Abstract

2010년 10월 일본 나고야에서 채택되고 2014년 10월 발효된 나고야의정서는 유전자원 및 관련 전통지식에 대한 투명한 접근을 촉진하고, 유전자원 및 관련 전통지식의 이용으로부터 발생하는 이익의 공정하고 공평한 공유를 달성하기 위해 성안된 국제문서이다. 의정서는 유전자원과 관련 전통지식의 이용주체와 제공주체에게 전통지식을 포함한 유전자원의 ‘접근 및 이익공유(Access and Benefit-sharing, ABS)’의 이행에 관한 법적 기초를 제공함으로써 생물다양성의 보전과 그 구성요소의 지속가능한 이용에 기여하는 것을 목표로 한다. 그러나, 특정 유전자원을 대상으로 하는 『식량 및 농업을 위한 식물유전자원에 관한 국제조약(ITPGRFA)』과 달리 포괄적인 유전자원을 적용대상으로 하는 ABS에 관한 최초의 국제규범인 나고야의정서는 상이한 견해를 가진 국가들 간의 오랜 논쟁을 통한 타협의 결과로 의정서 자체, 그리고 해석과 적용에는 여전히 흠결이 존재하고 있다. 그러므로, 주요 개념 및 내용 등 실체적, 내용적 측면에서 명확성이 결여되어 있고, 조문이 모호하고 구체적이지 못해 그 이행에는 규범적 그리고 이행적 도전이 존재한다. 또한 생물다양성협약(CBD) 채택을 계기로 생물자원에 대한 국가의 주권이 재확인되고 ABS 이행주체가 토착지역 공동체와 개인 등 전통 국제법상 비국가행위자(non-State actors)로 확대됨에 따라, 양자계약에 기초한 ABS 이행에서는 일정한 한계와 도전이 드러나고 있다. 아울러, ABS 이익공유가 기존의 지식재산권 규범의 배타적 이익 점유와도 갈등 관계에 직면하고 있는 상황에서, 나고야의 정서 ABS 레짐 이행의 한계를 극복하고 이행을 촉진하기 위한 방안에 대한 고민이 필요하다. 나고야의정서 ABS 레짐 이행을 제고하기 위해서는 유전자원과 관련 전통지식의 특수성에 대한 고려가 필요하며, 국내적 차원과 국제적 차원에서 적절한 조치를 도입함으로써 나고야의정서 ABS 이행과정에서 직면한 한계에 대한 대안적 접근을 시도해 볼 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안한 다양한 대안적 접근 외에도 의정서 ABS 이행 제고를 위해서는 의정서의 주요 규정 및 의정서 자체에 내재된 불명확성과 미결 사항을 해결하기 위한 정교화(精巧化, elaboration) 작업이 필요하며, ABS 이행을 위한 이용주체와 제공주체 간 공동의 노력과 상호 존중, 의무 이행에 대한 관련 주체들의 정치적 의지가 뒷받침 되는 것이 필수적이다. 나고야의정서 ABS가 의정서 본연의 목적에 부합하게 이행되어 적절한 접근과 공정 · 공평한 이익공유를 통해 배분적 정의(配分的 正義)가 실현되고, 관련 이해당사자간의 의무와 권리의 적절한 균형이 달성될 수 있는 ABS 레짐이 정착될 수 있어야 한다. 이는 의정서 ABS 레짐 이행에도 유의미할 뿐 아니라, 생물다양성의 감소 및 손실을 예방할 수 있는 유인책으로 기능할 수 있다는 점에서 국제환경법이 추구하고자 하는 생물다양성의 보전 및 지속가능한 이용이라는 궁극적인 목적 달성에 실질적이고 가치있는 기여를 할 수 있을 것이다.

Published
2020

26. Multi-chord observation of stellar occultation by the near-Earth asteroid (3200) Phaethon on 2021 October 3 (UTC) with very high accuracy

Author

Yoshida, Fumi, Hayamizu, Tsutomu, Miyashita, Kazuhisa, Watanabe, Hiroyuki, Yamamura, Hidehito, Akitaya, Hiroshi, Asai, Akira, Fujiwara, Yasunori, Goto, Tateki, Hashimoto, George L, Hatanaka, Akitoshi, Horaguchi, Toshihiro, Ida, Miyoshi, Imamura, Kazuyoshi, Isobe, Ken, Ishiguro, Masateru, Kaizuka, Noboru, Kasebe, Hisashi, Kawasaki, Yohei, Kim, Taewoo, Kitazaki, Katsuhiko, Manago, Norihiro, Matsumura, Masafumi, Matsushita, Hiroshi, Matsuura, Shuji, Nakamura, Takahiro, Nagata, Toshihiro, Noda, Hirotomo, Ogawa, Masaaki, Ohshima, Osamu, Owada, Minoru, Saitou, Kazuyuki, Tsumura, Mitsunori, Ueyama, Yoshihiro, Watanabe, Hayato, Yamamoto, Masa-yuki, Yoshihara, Hideki, Fujiwara, Takao, Haraguchi, Miyu, Hayashi, Hironori, Hitotsuda, Tomoya, Horikawa, Toshihiro, Ishida, Kai, Ito, Tadashi, Jin, Sunho, Kang, Wonseok, Katayama, Toshihiko, Kawabata, Koji S, Kawasaki, Ryosuke, Kim, Kihyeon, Kita, Masayuki, Kitazaki, Naoko, Kurisu, Hiroya, Matsushima, Makoto, Matsumi, Chika, Mihari, Ayami, Naka, Masaru, Nakaoka, Tatsuya, Nishihama, Reiko, Nishiyama, Yukio, Nukui, Sadao, Oba, Masahiko, Okamoto, Takaya, Omori, Yujiro, Seo, Jinguk, Shirakawa, Hiroki, Sugino, Tomoshi, Tani, Yuki, Takagaki, Kazuhiko, Ueda, Yukikazu, Urakawa, Seitaro, Watanabe, Masanari, Yamashita, Kouhei, Yamashita, Misato, Sato, Isao, Murayama, Shosaku, Arai, Tomoko, Herald, David, and Higuchi, Arika

Abstract

We observed a stellar occultation by (3200) Phaethon, which occurred in western Japan on 2021 October 3 (UTC). This observation was requested by the DESTINY+mission team, which plans to conduct a flyby of asteroid Phaethon in 2028. Overall, this research effort contributes towards a large-scale observation campaign with a total of 72 observers observing from western Japan to southern Korea. 36 stations were established, and stellar occultation by the asteroid Phaethon was detected in 18 of them. This is the first time that this many multiple chord observations have been made for such a small asteroid (it has a diameter of 5–6 km). Observational reductions show that the apparent cross-section of Phaethon at the time of the occultation could be approximated using an ellipse with a major diameter of 6.12 ± 0.07 km and a minor diameter of 4.14 ± 0.07 km, and a position angle of 117.°4 ± 1.°5. As can be seen from the small error bars of the fitted ellipse, we have succeeded in estimating the shape and size of the asteroid with an extremely high degree of accuracy. Our observation results, together with other observations, will be used to create a 3D model of Phaethon and to improve its orbit. The instruments that we used for this observation are commonly used by many amateur astronomers in Japan for occultation observations and are not difficult to obtain. This paper describes the method and results of our observations using a CMOS camera and a GPS module, so that many people can participate in occultation observations in the future.

Published
2023
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30. Shape Estimation of Soft Manipulator Using Stretchable Sensor

Author

So, Jinho, primary, Kim, Uikyum, additional, Kim, Yong Bum, additional, Seok, Dong-Yeop, additional, Yang, Sang Yul, additional, Kim, Kihyeon, additional, Park, Jae Hyeong, additional, Hwang, Seong Tak, additional, Gong, Young Jin, additional, and Choi, Hyouk Ryeol, additional

Published
2021
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37. Internalism and externalism in epistemology

Author

Kim, Kihyeon

Subjects
Knowledge, Theory of -- Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Philosophy and religion
Abstract

Epistemological internalism and externalism can be distinguished on any of three dimensions: the grounds of justification, the criteria of adequacy applied to the grounds of justification, or the basing relation between a belief and adequate grounds of justification. Confusions in classifying theories as internalist or externalist have arisen through conflation of the three dimensions. Theories that are externalist on all three dimensions include those of Armstrong, Dretske, Nozick and Goldman. Foley's theory is internalist on all three dimensions. The definition of the internal is based on introspectibility.

Published
1993

40. Soft Fabric Actuator for Robotic Applications

Author

Yang, Sang Yul, primary, Cho, Kyeong Ho, additional, Kim, Youngeun, additional, Kim, Kihyeon, additional, Park, Jae Hyeong, additional, Jung, Ho Sang, additional, Ko, Jeong U, additional, Moon, Hyungpil, additional, Koo, Ja Choon, additional, Rodrigue, Hugo, additional, Suk, Ji Won, additional, Nam, Jae-do, additional, and Choi, Hyouk Ryeol, additional

Published
2018
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41. Double Helix Twisted and Coiled Soft Actuator from Spandex and Nylon

Author

Kim, Kihyeon, primary, Cho, Kyeong Ho, additional, Jung, Ho Sang, additional, Yang, Sang Yul, additional, Kim, Youngeun, additional, Park, Jae Hyeong, additional, Jang, Hoyoung, additional, Nam, Jae‐Do, additional, Koo, Ja Choon, additional, Moon, Hyungpil, additional, Suk, Ji Won, additional, Rodrigue, Hugo, additional, and Choi, Hyouk Ryeol, additional

Published
2018
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45. Shape-Adaptive Electrostatic Soft Gripper With Transform Mechanism for Multifunctional Grips

Author

Jung, Ho Sang, Kim, Ji Yeop, Yang, Sang Yul, Kim, Kihyeon, Park, Jae Hyeong, Gong, Young Jin, Moon, Seung Jae, and Choi, Hyouk Ryeol

Abstract

This paper proposes a shape-adaptive electroadhesion dielectric elastomer actuator (EA-DEA) pad gripper that can actively adapt to the shape of curved objects and quickly handle various objects by combining an EA pad and a multi-layered DEA driven by electrostatic force. This gripper has a rapid release function capable of detaching thin and light objects in less than 0.2 s with bending motion of multi-layered DEA and reverse polarity voltage. Moreover, combined with a transform mechanism that changes the posture of the EA-DEA pad gripper, a multifunctional gripper handling various objects from thin to irregularly shaped objects is implemented. The high voltage controller is configured to generate the variable and reversible voltages required for the control of the developed gripper. To verify the performance and practicality of the proposed multifunctional gripper system, we demonstrate the gripping task in three modes formed by controlling the EA-DEA pad gripper and the transform mechanism to adapt to the object shape. According to the experimental results, this gripper can reliably and rapidly pick and place various objects, such as thin film, hexahedron, cylinders, spheres, irregular shaped, deformable, and fragile objects corresponding to each mode.

Published
2023
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50. The defense activation theory of epistemic justification.

Author

Lehrer, Keith, Tolliver, Joseph Thomas, Reich, Naomi A., Kim, Kihyeon., Lehrer, Keith, Tolliver, Joseph Thomas, Reich, Naomi A., and Kim, Kihyeon.

Abstract

In current epistemology, there are two different conceptions of epistemic justification. According to the first genetic conception, a justified belief is a well-formed belief. According to the second defense conception, how the belief is formed is irrelevant to the epistemic justification of the belief. What is important for the justification of the belief is whether the cognitive agent has a defense of the belief in question. I construct my own defense account of epistemic justification on the basis of criticizing current defense accounts of epistemic justification. The gist of my account is that I am justified in believing that p only if my belief that p is stored in my memory with a proper causal connection with other psychological states of mine that are adequate grounds for the belief that p. This illuminates an interesting symmetry between the genetic conception of epistemic justification and the defense conception of epistemic justification: in the genetic conception, justified belief is well-formed belief, whereas in a defense conception justified belief is well-stored belief. My account is different from current defense theories of epistemic justification (those of Keith Lehrer, Laurence BonJour, and Richard Foley) in two respects. First, in my account some type of causal relation between the belief and its adequate grounds is crucial for epistemic justification, while other theories deny the relevance of any causal consideration to the justification of beliefs. Their denial is a manifestation of a dogma--the Psychologistic Assumption--deeply rooted in traditional epistemology, such that epistemic justification is wholly a function of psychological states of a cognitive agent. I show that this dogma has to be abandoned. Second, other theories require the explicit representation of the belief about the evidential relation between the belief in question and its adequate grounds. In them, this explicitly represented higher-level belief constitutes the defense

Published
1992

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