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In this paper, we propose a cognitive radio-inspired rate-splitting multiple access (CR-RSMA) scheme to assist semi-grant-free (SGF) transmissions in which a grant-based user (GBU) and multiple grant-free users (GFUs) access the base-station (BS) by sharing the same resource block. Using the cognitive radio principle, the GBU and admitted GFU are treated as the primary and secondary users, respectively, and rate-splitting is applied at the admitted GFU to realize SGF transmissions. The admitted GFU's transmit power allocation, target rate allocation, and successive interference cancellation decoding order at the BS are jointly optimized to attain the maximum achievable rate for the admitted GFU without deteriorating the GBU's outage performance compared to orthogonal multiple access. Due to the extended non-outage zone, CR-RSMA-assised SGF (CR-RSMA-SGF) transmissions achieve a lower outage probability than SGF transmissions assisted by cognitive radio-inspired non-orthogonal multiple access. Exact expressions and asymptotic analysis for the admitted GFU's outage probability are derived to evaluate the system performance achieved by CR-RSMA-SGF transmissions. The superior outage performance and full multiuser diversity gain achieved by CR-RSMA-SGF transmissions are verified by the analytical and simulation results., Comment: 30 pages, 7 figures

While privacy concerns entice connected and automated vehicles to incorporate on-board federated learning (FL) solutions, an integrated vehicle-to-everything communication with heterogeneous computation power aware learning platform is urgently necessary to make it a reality. Motivated by this, we propose a novel mobility, communication and computation aware online FL platform that uses on-road vehicles as learning agents. Thanks to the advanced features of modern vehicles, the on-board sensors can collect data as vehicles travel along their trajectories, while the on-board processors can train machine learning models using the collected data. To take the high mobility of vehicles into account, we consider the delay as a learning parameter and restrict it to be less than a tolerable threshold. To satisfy this threshold, the central server accepts partially trained models, the distributed roadside units (a) perform downlink multicast beamforming to minimize global model distribution delay and (b) allocate optimal uplink radio resources to minimize local model offloading delay, and the vehicle agents conduct heterogeneous local model training. Using real-world vehicle trace datasets, we validate our FL solutions. Simulation shows that the proposed integrated FL platform is robust and outperforms baseline models. With reasonable local training episodes, it can effectively satisfy all constraints and deliver near ground truth multi-horizon velocity and vehicle-specific power predictions., Comment: 9 pages, 12 figures

In this paper, we analyze the outage performance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-enabled downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication systems with the semi-grant-free (SGF) transmission scheme. A UAV provides coverage services for a grant-based (GB) user and one user is allowed to utilize the same channel resource opportunistically. The hybrid successive interference cancellation scheme is implemented in the downlink NOMA scenarios for the first time. The analytical expressions for the exact and asymptotic outage probability (OP) of the grant-free (GF) user are derived. The results demonstrate that no-zero diversity order can be achieved only under stringent conditions on users' quality of service requirements. Subsequently, we propose an efficient dynamic power allocation (DPA) scheme to relax such data rate constraints to address this issue. The analytical expressions for the exact and asymptotic OP of the GF user with the DPA scheme are derived. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to validate the correctness of the derived analytical expressions and demonstrate the effects of the UAV's location and altitude on the OP of the GF user., Comment: accepted by Digital Communications and Networks

Semi-grant-free (SGF) transmission scheme enables grant-free (GF) users to utilize resource blocks allocated for grant-based (GB) users while maintaining the quality of service of GB users. This work investigates the secrecy performance of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-aided SGF systems. First, analytical expressions for the exact and asymptotic secrecy outage probability (SOP) of NOMA-aided SGF systems with a single GF user are derived. Then, the SGF systems with multiple GF users and the best-user scheduling scheme is considered. Analytical expressions for the exact and asymptotic SOP are derived by utilizing order statistics theory. Monte Carlo simulation results are provided and compared with two benchmark schemes. The effects of system parameters on the SOP of the considered system are demonstrated and the accuracy of the developed analytical results is verified. The results indicate that both the outage target rate for GB and the secure target rate for GF are the main factors of the secrecy performance of SGF systems., Comment: 37 pages, 8 figures

In this paper, we investigate rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) aided mobile edge computing (MEC) in a cognitive radio network. We propose a RSMA scheme that enables the secondary user to offload tasks to the MEC server utilizing dynamic rate splitting without deteriorating the primary user's offloading. The expressions for the optimal rate splitting parameters that maximize the achievable rate for the secondary user and successful computation probability of the proposed RSMA scheme are derived in closed-form. We formulate a problem to maximize successful computation probability by jointly optimizing task offloading ratio and task offloading time and obtain the optimal solutions in closed-form. Simulation results clarify that the proposed RSMA scheme achieves a higher successful computation probability than the existing non-orthogonal multiple access scheme., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted by IEEE ICC Workshops

In uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) channels, the existing cooperative successive interference cancellation (SIC) and power control (PC) schemes lack the capability of achieving the full capacity region, which restricts the outage performance of uplink NOMA users. For the uplink cognitive radio inspired NOMA system, we propose a new rate splitting (RS) strategy to maximize the achievable rate of the secondary user without deteriorating the primary user's outage performance. Based on the interference threshold and its own channel gain, the secondary user adaptively conducts RS, transmit power allocation and SIC, which utilizes the transmit power efficiently. The closed-form expression for the outage probability is derived for the secondary user. Numerical results show that the proposed RS scheme achieves the best outage performance for the secondary user among the existing cooperative SIC and PC schemes., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted by IEEE Journal. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2110.02281

In this paper, a cyclic-prefixed single-carrier (CPSC) transmission scheme with phase shift keying (PSK) signaling is presented for broadband wireless communications systems empowered by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). In the proposed CPSC-RIS, the RIS is configured according to the transmitted PSK symbols such that different cyclically delayed versions of the incident signal are created by the RIS to achieve multipath diversity. A practical and efficient channel estimator is developed for CPSC-RIS and the mean square error of the channel estimation is expressed in closed-form. We analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance of CPSC-RIS over frequency-selective Nakagami-$m$ fading channels. An upper bound on the BER is derived by assuming the maximum-likelihood detection. Furthermore, by resorting to the concept of index modulation (IM), we propose an extension of CPSC-RIS, termed CPSC-RIS-IM, which enhances the spectral efficiency. In addition to conventional constellation information of PSK symbols, CPSC-RIS-IM uses the full permutations of cyclic delays caused by the RIS to carry information. A sub-optimal receiver is designed for CPSC-RIS-IM to aim at low computational complexity. Our simulation results in terms of BER corroborate the performance analysis and the superiority of CPSC-RIS(-IM) over the conventional CPSC without an RIS and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with an RIS., Comment: Submitted to an IEEE Journal

In uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) channels, the existing cooperative successive interference cancellation (SIC) and power control (PC) schemes lack the capability of achieving the full capacity region, which restricts the outage performance of uplink NOMA users. For the uplink cognitive radio (CR) inspired NOMA system, we propose a new rate splitting (RS) strategy to maximize the achievable rate of the secondary user without deteriorating the primary user's outage performance. Based on the interference threshold and its own channel gain, the secondary user adaptively conducts RS, transmit power allocation and SIC, which utilizes the transmit power efficiently. Closed-form expression of the outage probability is derived for the secondary user. Numerical results show that the proposed RS scheme achieves the best outage performance for the secondary user among the existing cooperative SIC and PC schemes., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to IEEE Journal

Enabled by hybrid grant-based (GB) and grant-free (GF) transmission techniques, GF users of internet of things (IoT) devices and massive machine-type communications (mMTC) meet opportunities to share wireless resources with GB users. In this paper, we propose a rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) strategy for an emerging semi-grant-free (SGF) transmission system to increase connectivity and reliability. In the proposed RSMA assisted SGF (RSMA-SGF) scheme, the GF users apply the rate splitting principle to realize distributed contentions and utilize transmit power most effectively for robust transmissions, meanwhile keeping themselves transparent to the GB user. Compared to existing non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) assisted SGF schemes, the RSMA-SGF scheme significantly decreases outage probability and achieves full multiuser diversity gain without restricting the GB and GF users' target rates to a limited value region. Exact expressions and asymptotic analysis for the outage probability are provided to facilitate the system performance evaluation of the proposed RSMA-SGF scheme. Computer simulation results clarify the superior outage performance of the RSMA-SGF scheme and verify the accuracy of the developed analytical results., Comment: 29 pages, 12 figures, submitted to IEEE Journal

This paper proposes a holistic framework for parameter coordination of a power electronic-interfaced microgrid interconnection against natural disasters. The paper identifies a transient stability issue in a microgrid interconnection. Based on recent advances in control theory, we design a framework that can systematically coordinate system parameters, such that post-disaster equilibrium points of microgrid interconnections are asymptotically stable. The core of the framework is a stability assessment algorithm using sum of squares programming. The efficacy of the proposed framework is tested in a four-microgrid interconnection. The proposed framework has potential to extend to microgrid interconnections with a wide range of hierarchical control schemes., Comment: This paper has been accepted by IEEE PES General Meeting 2020

Spatial modulation (SM) is an innovative and promising digital modulation technology that strikes an appealing trade-off between spectral efficiency and energy efficiency with a simple design philosophy. SM enjoys plenty of benefits and shows great potential to fulfill the requirements of future wireless communications. The key idea behind SM is to convey additional information typically through the ON/OFF states of transmit antennas and simultaneously save the implementation cost by reducing the number of radio frequency chains. As a result, the SM concept can have widespread effects on diverse applications and can be applied in other signal domains such as frequency/time/code/angle domain or even across multiple domains. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the latest results and progresses in SM research. Specifically, the fundamental principles, variants of system design, and enhancements of SM are described in detail. Furthermore, the integration of the SM family with other promising techniques, applications to emerging communication systems, and extensions to new signal domains are also extensively studied., Comment: submitted to IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications

Energy harvesting is a technology for enabling green, sustainable, and autonomous wireless networks. In this paper, a large-scale wireless network with energy harvesting transmitters is considered, where a group of transmitters forms a cluster to cooperatively serve a desired receiver amid interference and noise. To characterize the link-level performance, closed-form expressions are derived for the transmission success probability at a receiver in terms of key parameters such as node densities, energy harvesting parameters, channel parameters, and cluster size, for a given cluster geometry. The analysis is further extended to characterize a network-level performance metric, capturing the tradeoff between link quality and the fraction of receivers served. Numerical simulations validate the accuracy of the analytical model. Several useful insights are provided. For example, while more cooperation helps improve the link-level performance, the network-level performance might degrade with the cluster size. Numerical results show that a small cluster size (typically 3 or smaller) optimizes the network-level performance. Furthermore, substantial performance can be extracted with a relatively small energy buffer. Moreover, the utility of having a large energy buffer increases with the energy harvesting rate as well as with the cluster size in sufficiently dense networks., Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, submitted

This paper investigates power splitting for full-duplex relay networks with wireless information and energy transfer. By applying power splitting as a relay transceiver architecture, the full duplex information relaying can be powered by energy harvested from the source-emitted radio frequency signal. In order to minimize outage probability, power splitting ratios have been dynamically optimized according to full channel state information (CSI) and partial CSI, respectively. Under strong loop interference, the proposed full CSI-based and partial CSI-based power splitting schemes achieve the better outage performance than the fixed power splitting scheme, whereas the partial CSI-based power splitting scheme can ensure competitive outage performance without requiring CSI of the second-hop link. It is also observed that the worst outage performance is achieved when the relay is located midway between the source and destination, whereas the outage performance of partial CSI-based power splitting scheme approaches that of full CSI-based scheme when the relay is placed close to the destination., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1503.04381

This study investigates wireless information and energy transfer for dual-hop amplify-and-forward full-duplex relaying systems. By forming energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem into a concave fractional program of transmission power, three relay control schemes are separately designed to enable energy harvesting and full-duplex information relaying. With Rician fading modeled residual self-interference channel, analytical expressions of outage probability and ergodic capacity are presented for the maximum relay, signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) relay, and target relay. It has shown that EE maximization problem of the maximum relay is concave for time switching factor, so that bisection method has been applied to obtain the optimized value. By incorporating instantaneous channel information, the SINR relay with collateral time switching factor achieves an improved EE over the maximum relay in delay-limited and delay-tolerant transmissions. Without requiring channel information for the second-hop, the target relay ensures a competitive performance for outage probability, ergodic capacity, and EE. Comparing to the direct source-destination transmission, numerical results show that the proposed relaying scheme is beneficial in achieving a comparable EE for low-rate delay-limited transmission., Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures

Opportunistic scheduling and beamforming schemes have been proposed previously by the authors for reduced-feedback MIMO-OFDMA downlink systems where the MIMO channel of each subcarrier is decomposed into layered spatial subchannels. It has been demonstrated that significant feedback reduction can be achieved by returning information about only one beamforming matrix (BFM) for all subcarriers from each MT, compared to one BFM for each subcarrier in the conventional schemes. However, since the previously proposed channel decomposition was derived based on singular value decomposition, the resulting system performance is impaired by the subchannels associated with the smallest singular values. To circumvent this obstacle, this work proposes improved opportunistic scheduling and beamforming schemes based on geometric mean decomposition-based channel decomposition. In addition to the inherent advantage in reduced feedback, the proposed schemes can achieve improved system performance by decomposing the MIMO channels into spatial subchannels with more evenly distributed channel gains. Numerical results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed opportunistic scheduling and beamforming schemes., Comment: Proc. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, Pacific Grove, CA, Nov. 2008

Opportunistic scheduling and beamforming schemes with reduced feedback are proposed for MIMO-OFDMA downlink systems. Unlike the conventional beamforming schemes in which beamforming is implemented solely by the base station (BS) in a per-subcarrier fashion, the proposed schemes take advantages of a novel channel decomposition technique to perform beamforming jointly by the BS and the mobile terminal (MT). The resulting beamforming schemes allow the BS to employ only {\em one} beamforming matrix (BFM) to form beams for {\em all} subcarriers while each MT completes the beamforming task for each subcarrier locally. Consequently, for a MIMO-OFDMA system with $Q$ subcarriers, the proposed opportunistic scheduling and beamforming schemes require only one BFM index and $Q$ supportable throughputs to be returned from each MT to the BS, in contrast to $Q$ BFM indices and $Q$ supportable throughputs required by the conventional schemes. The advantage of the proposed schemes becomes more evident when a further feedback reduction is achieved by grouping adjacent subcarriers into exclusive clusters and returning only cluster information from each MT. Theoretical analysis and computer simulation confirm the effectiveness of the proposed reduced-feedback schemes., Comment: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Beijing, May 19-23, 2008