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The exact number of global confirmed cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in children is unknown. Since the first case report in a child, 2.2%-6.7% of reported cases from China, the [...]

Purpose: The Omicron variant wave spread rapidly from February 2022 in South Korea following the initial management of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. This study examined electroencephalogram (EEG) findings and serological inflammatory markers in pediatric patients with COVID-19 (Omicron variant). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 41 patients who presented at Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital between March and May 2022 and were diagnosed with COVID-19. All serological tests were performed within 24 hours of fever or seizure onset. Results: The median patient age was 3.6 years (range, 0.08 to 14.00), and the average hospital stay was 3.7 days (range, 1.0 to 7.0). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were elevated above the normal range in all patients (median, 43.18 pg/mL; range, 7.0 to 190.0) and were higher among those who experienced seizures. Of the 41 total patients, 17 (41.5%; mean age, 5.4 years) visited the clinic for seizure. Three patients experienced prolonged seizures (lasting longer than 30 minutes) and received intravenous lorazepam, while eight presented with complex febrile seizures. Nine patients underwent EEG, of whom five exhibited abnormal initial findings. Linear regression demonstrated correlations between prolonged seizure duration and both serum IL-6 level and blood lymphocyte count. Conclusion: Numerous serological markers associated with the immune cascade were found to be elevated in children with COVID-19. Nevertheless, febrile seizures represent a relatively common neurological presentation among pediatric patients infected with Omicron variants. Consequently, COVID-19 infection exhibits both familiar and distinct characteristics regarding the mechanisms inducing seizures and fever in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the psychometric properties of a revised measurement, the "Teacher Beliefs and Practices Survey" (TBPS), devised for teachers of three- to five-year-old children. This measure was designed to reflect the concepts of developmentally appropriate practices (DAP) as presented in the revised 1997 National Association for the Education of Young Children guidelines. Reliability was examined using an internal consistency method. Validity of the measure was examined in its content, criterion and construct. The factors uncovered in the survey supported the content validity because the factors matched the important concepts of DAP in the revised guidelines. To examine concurrent criterion-related validity, teachers' observed practices were compared to their self-reported beliefs and practices. The low but significant correlation between the TBPS score and a theoretically related measure, the "Teacher Educational Attitude Scale," supported construct validity. Considering the psychometric properties, the TBPS appears to be a promising measure for critically examining teachers' beliefs about and practices of DAP. (Contains 2 tables.)

The birth prevalence of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) disease among live birth in Korea from a multicenter study was 0.06% during 2001–2015 with increasing frequency. The administrative prevalence of cCMV infection by big-data analysis from the national health insurance system was 0.01% and the average healthcare cost was US$2010 per person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new cyclopropanoic fatty acid glycosides, named parisveroside A (1) and parisveroside B (2), were isolated from a MeOH extract of the roots of Paris verticillata (Liliaceae) together with three other known compounds, salicin (3), 3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5- (3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-(2R,3S)-dihydrobenzofuran (4), and allantoin (5). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-FAB-MS, and chemical evidence. To investigate the antineuroinflammatory effects of the isolated compounds (1-5), nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated in the lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia cell line, BV-2. Compounds 2 and 4 significantly inhibited NO production with [IC.sub.50] values of 74.8 and 60.5 µmol/L, respectively. Key words: Paris verticillata, Liliaceae, fatty acid glycosides, parisveroside A, parisveroside B, neuroinflammation. Utilisant comme produit de depart le melange obtenu par extraction des racines de Paris verticillata (Liliaceee) a l'aide de methanol, on a isole; deux nouveaux glycosides deriveis de l'acide gras cyclopropanoique, soit le parisveroside A (1) et le parisveiroside B (2), ainsi que trois autres produits connus, la salicine (3), le (β-D-glucopyranosyloxymeithyl)-2(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheenyl)-5- (3-hydroxypropyl)-7- meithoxy-(2R,3S)-dihydrobenzofurane (4) et l'allantoine (5). On a elucide les structures en se basant sur des preuves chimiques et des donnees spectroscopiques, dont celles des RMN 1D et 2D et de la spectrometrie de masse a haute resolution avec bombardement avec des atomes rapides (SM-HR-BAR). Pour etudier les effets anti-neuroinflammatoires des composes isoles, on a evaluee la production d'oxyde d'azote (NO) dans des cellules BV-2 de la lignee cellulaire de microglie activeie par un lipopolysaccharide. Les composes 2 et 4 inhibent d'une facon significative la production de NO avec des valeurs de [IC.sub.50] de 74,8 et 60,5 µmol/L respectivement. Mots-cles : Paris verticillata, Liliaceie, glycosides d'acides gras, parisveroside A, parisveroside B, neuroinflammation., Introduction The genus Paris consists of less than two dozen herbaceous plants that have 4- to 11-merous flowers. (1) Some Paris species are used in traditional Chinese medicine for their [...]