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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an extremely rare occurrence during pregnancy. OSCC accounts for less than 2% of all malignancies in pregnant women, with an average mortality rate of 36%. Understanding the features of this tumor during pregnancy is important; however, the paucity of reports in the literature makes this challenging. Case presentation: The following is a case presentation of a woman who was diagnosed with SCC of the tongue (TSCC) at 13 weeks gestation. The article also provides a review of the literature of TSCC affecting pregnant women aged 30 years and under. Conclusion: Although OSCC in young women of reproductive age is rare, recent literature suggests an increased risk for this age group. The rarity of OSCC in pregnancy may potentially lead to low clinical index of suspicion, misdiagnosis, and delay in treatment. Additionally, treatment modalities, prognosis, and the long-term impact on the developing fetus are not well established, due to rarity of OSCC in pregnancy. Further studies to identify specific etiologic factors are needed to establish the association of OSCC with pregnancy, aid in prevention, and improve treatment and outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suggests using group presentations as a method for instructors with large introductory courses to help students gain functional skills and also make the courses more interesting. Provides examples of group presentation projects. States goals of projects as showing how sociology can be used in everyday life and providing a review of the examination material. (SLM)

Structural retrofits to buildings can be implemented to increase the protection level to occupants from potential terrorist bombing attacks. Retrofit strategies discussed in this paper can be categorized into three groups: (i) strengthening concepts, (ii) shielding concepts, and (iii) concepts to control hazardous debris. Strengthening concepts such as span reduction and increasing member sections are considered in this paper for three common construction systems including steel, concrete, and masonry. Shielding concepts are intended to prevent structural members from being fully loaded by blast forces and range from local area applications to entire building coverage. Examples of shielding concepts include a new section of wall that shields a vulnerable portion of the building or a new structure built over an entire building. Examples of concepts to control hazardous debris include arresting or deflecting failed cladding away from critical areas with 'catch systems' or internal shield systems. This paper is intended to discuss typical building retrofit strategies for primary structural members (load bearing) and secondary structural members (nonload bearing) through strengthening, shielding, or controlling hazardous debris. Key words: blast, explosion, structural upgrades, masonry, steel, concrete, security. Des rehabilitations structurales peuvent etre apportees aux batiments afin d'accroitre le niveau de protection des occupants contre de possibles attaques terroristes a la bombe. Cet article aborde les strategies de rehabilitation, lesquelles peuvent etre categorisees en trois groupes : (i) concepts de renforcement, (ii) concepts de protection et (iii) concepts de controle des debris dangereux. Les concepts de renforcement, tels que la reduction de la portee et l'augmentation de la section des elements de structure, sont examines dans cet article pour trois procedes de construction communs, comportant de l'acier, du beton et de la maconnerie. Les concepts de protection sont concus pour prevenir le plein chargement des elements structuraux par les forces d'explosion et ils varient d'applications locales a la surface a la couverture des batiments en entier. Des exemples de concepts de protection comprennent une nouvelle section de mur qui protege une partie vulnerable du batiment ou bien une nouvelle structure construite par-dessus un batiment en entier. Les exemples de concepts du controle des debris dangereux comprennent l'arret ou la deviation du recouvrement mural arrache loin des endroits critiques en utilisant des <> ou des dispositifs de protection internes. Le present article discute des strategies typiques de rehabilitation des batiments touchant aux elements structuraux primaires (portants) et secondaires (non portants) soit par renforcement, protection ou controle des debris dangereux. Mots-cles: souffle, explosion, rehabilitation structurale, maconnerie, acier, beton, securite. [Traduit par la Redaction], 1. Introduction Buildings designed to resist blast have classically been a concern for politically significant buildings, military facilities in harm's way, and industries that handle flammables and explosives. Over the [...]

Published experimental data indicate that under most conditions laminated glass strength equals or exceeds the strength of monolithic glass of the same nominal thickness. To date, these experimental data exist without a theoretical model. This paper presents a theoretical, engineering mechanics model that accounts for factors that affect laminated glass behavior including temperature, thickness of the interlayer, and composition of the interlayer. It presents additional fracture strength data for laminated glass lites with a thicker interlayer than in previous tests. Both the theoretical model and the new fracture strength data indicate that laminated glass strength increases as interlayer thickness increases and that laminated glass strength decreases as temperature increases. Although an increase in temperature beyond 38 [degrees] C (100 [degrees] F) leads to a decrease in laminated glass strength, the theoretical model indicates that laminated glass possesses significantly more strength than 'layered glass,' e.g., simply, two plies of glass with no shear transfer, at temperatures above 49 [degrees] C (120 [degrees] F).

To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of an odontogenic carcinoma with documented skeletal muscle differentiation (rhabdomyosarcoma). The histology and clinical features of this aggressive odontogenic neoplasm are described. Within the English-language literature, only 2 cases are reported of an odontogenic tumor with muscle differentiation: a benign odontogenic tumor (ameloblastoma) with differentiation into a rhabdomyosarcoma and an odontogenic sarcoma with smooth-muscle differentiation. The general practitioner should be aware that odontogenic lesions may be malignant, even though this is extremely rare, and all tissue removed from the oral cavity should be submitted for biopsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A computer game called "Sex Roles" for use in college level sociology classes is described. A learning activity for teaching about sex roles is presented and three criminology textbooks that treat women are described. (RM)