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Seed storage conditions and the availability of shallot seeds are critical factors in the development of shallots. The main objective of this study was to determine the ideal storage conditions for several varieties of shallot (Allium cepa var aggregatum L.) on the physical quality of seeds, growth and yield of shallots. This research was conducted at the Experimental Garden, Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute, West Java. This research was conducted using a split-plot design with two replications. The main plot was a storage room which consists of three storage conditions, namely the growth chamber (temperature 1-2°C), shallot storage room (temperature 29-30°C), and room temperature (22.5°C). The subplot consists of seven shallot varieties, namely Bima Brebes, Mentes, Trisula, Pancasona, Pikatan, Kuning and Katumi. Firstly, the seed is stored in the storage area and afterwards is planted in the field. Observation parameters included seed quality after storage, growth components and yield components. The results showed the interaction effect of seed storage conditions and cultivars on the number of seeds that grew (%) on day 5 DAP and the dry weight of bulbs per hectare (tons). Kuning cultivar stored in the growth chamber (1-2°C) produced the highest dry weight (9.08 tons) compared to all combinations of storage space and varieties unless stored in shallot storage (29-30°C). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success and sustainability of chili pepper breeding depends upon diversity in genetic diversity resources. The genetic diversity can be increased through the introduction of material from other countries. The present study aimed to measure the contribution of introduced lines to enrich diversity of IVEGRI's breeding program based on morphological characterization. The experiment was carried out at IVEGRI research station from July to December 2020, and arranged with two replications in a randomized block design. The treatments involved 60 genetic materials, 30 of which were derived from Indonesia and other 30 lines were introduced from World Vegetable Center. Morphological traits were measured following the guidelines for testing the distinctness, uniformity, and stability from Indonesian Plant Variety Protection Center, Ministry of Agriculture. Genetic diversity analysis was conducted using the Euclidean dissimilarity coefficient. The results showed an increase of 88.2% in genetic distance after introduction. The unique morphological characters, such as shortened internodes, hairiness of nodes, leaf shapes, secondary color of corolla, fruit color before maturity, fruit color at maturity, and fruit attitude, were observed from the introduced chili pepper lines reflecting that those could be beneficial for future improvement of chili pepper breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Root rot caused by Phytophthora capsici is the most devastating disease in Indonesia causing up to 100% yield loss. Breeding resistant cultivars is the most effective strategy to reduce losses caused by this disease. This study aimed to (1) determine the parentage confirmation and genetic relatedness of the parents, (2) genotype two F1 populations using a subset of six markers, and (3) measure the horticultural characteristics of two F1 populations. Tanjung-2 and Ciko varieties were used as recurrent parent (RP) in a cross with donor parent (DP) CM334 having Phytophthora root rot resistance gene. Molecular analysis of the parents was done using 33 markers linked to the resistance genes of which 17 markers demonstrated clear polymorphism. The phylogenetic tree classified the parents into two groups, i.e. group 1 consisted of two RPs (Ciko and Tanjung-2) and group 2 consisted of CM334. Clustering analysis clearly revealed that genetic materials used in this study were not closely related. Genotyping using six polymorphic markers showed that the marker-hybrid purity index ranged from 47.17 to 100% for F1 Tanjung-2/CM334 and 80 to 100% for F1 Ciko/CM334. The selected F1 was self-hybridized to develop F2 population. Horticulture characterization showed that branch number per plant, fruit diameter, fruit weight, and total fruit weight per plant of F1 Ciko/CM334 were higher than F1 Tanjung- 2/CM334. Meanwhile, for plant height, canopy diameter, flowering time, and harvesting time the F1 Tanjung-2/CM334 demonstrated better performances than the F1 Ciko/CM334. The populations developed from this study can be used in genetic linkage mapping of genes conferring resistance to P. capsici. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.; Solanaceae) is an important commodity in Indonesia as one of the main crop after rice. Recently some new varieties have been released, but their relationship have not been studied yet. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship among nine varieties of potatoes. Phenetic analysis was conducted using 27 morphological character states, which was derived from stems, leaves, and tubers. The character states observed were scored, and further analyzed based on Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method. The results showed a high diversity of morphological character states, of which 20 states were significantly different across the varieties. Phenogram indicated that the nine varieties of potato were classified into three main groups. While the first group was consisted of varieties of Cipanas, Granola, Atlantic, and Repita, the second group was housed of Manohara and GM 05. The third group was composed of Margahayu, Mb 17, and Maglia. This pattern of relationships can be used as one of the basis in the process of crossbreeding to assemble the new varieties. The crossbreeding will be better if it is made between distantly related varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]