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1. Prioritization of zoonoses of wildlife origin for multisectoral one health collaboration in Guyana, 2022

Author

Kirk O. Douglas, Govindra Punu, and Nathalie Van Vliet

Subjects
Zoonoses, Pathogens, Wildlife, One health, Guyana, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background: The human population in Guyana, located on the South American continent, is vulnerable to zoonotic diseases due to an appreciable reliance on Neotropical wildlife as a food source and for trade. An existing suboptimal health surveillance system may affect the effective monitoring of important zoonotic diseases. To effectively address this deficit, a One Health zoonotic disease prioritization workshop was conducted to identify nationally significant zoonoses. Methods: Prioritization of zoonotic diseases was conducted for the first time in Guyana & Caribbean region using literature review, prioritization criteria and a risk prioritization tool in combination with a consultative One Health workshop. This involved multisectoral experts from varied disciplines of social, human, animal, and environmental health to prioritize zoonotic diseases using a modified semi-quantitative One Health Zoonotic Disease Prioritization (OHZDP) tool. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to pathogen hazards in existence among wildlife in Guyana during the hazard identification phase. Results: In total, fifty zoonoses were chosen for prioritization. Based on their weighted score, prioritized diseases were ranked in order of relative importance using a one-to-five selection scale. In Guyana, this zoonotic disease prioritization method is the first significant step toward bringing together specialists from the fields of human, animal, and environmental health. Following discussion of the OHZDP Tool output among disease experts, a final zoonotic disease list, including tuberculosis, leptospirosis, gastroenteritis, rabies, coronavirus, orthopoxvirus, viral hemorrhagic fevers, and hepatitis were identified as the top eight priority zoonoses in Guyana. Conclusions: This represents the first prioritization of nationally significant zoonotic diseases in Guyana and the English-speaking Caribbean. This One Health strategy to prioritize these eight zoonoses of wildlife origin is a step that will support future tracking and monitoring for disease prevalence among humans and wildlife and can be used as a decision-making guide for policymakers and stakeholders in Guyana.

Published
2024
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4. Tributary streams provide migratory fish with access to floodplain habitats in a regulated river: evidence from alligator gar, Atractosteus spatula

Author

Roberts, Hayden C., Acre, Matthew R., Claus, Maximiliaan P.A., Kappen, Florian J., Winemiller, Kirk O., Daugherty, Daniel J., and Perkin, Joshuah S.

Subjects
Floodplains -- Environmental aspects, Fishes -- Migration, Rivers -- Environmental aspects, Earth sciences
Abstract

Migratory fishes with periodic life history strategies are sensitive to river regulation. Populations of these fishes may persist in highly regulated rivers by using tributaries that provide access to intermittently connected spawning and early life stage habitat in floodplains. We analyzed system hydrology and associated movement of a long-lived periodic strategist, the alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula), in the Brazos River, Texas. We hypothesized that (1) flow regulation on the mainstem has resulted in the reduction of flood pulses, but tributaries have been less altered and (2) alligator gar migrate into tributaries during high flows and temperatures. Our analysis revealed that flood pulses were reduced in the mainstem but not in an adjacent, less regulated tributary where floodplain-inundating pulses now outnumber those in the mainstem. Using data from tagged fish, we derived statistical models predicting greater occurrence of alligator gar in tributaries when water temperature exceeded 25 [degrees]C and mainstem discharge exceeded 400 cubic meters per second. These results emphasize that movement into less regulated tributaries can mitigate impacts of river regulation on mainstem river populations of alligator gar. Key words: flow regime, movement ecology, periodic life history, river network, telemetry, Introduction Humans rely on rivers for water supplies, transportation, power generation, and fisheries (Karr and Chu 2000; Grill et al. 2019). Consequently, nearly all the world's rivers have been modified, [...]

Published
2023
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6. Critically Small Contemporaneous Effective Population Sizes Estimated for Stocks of the African Bonytongue in Western Africa

Author

Luis A. Hurtado, Mariana Mateos, Isabel C. Caballero, Tofunmi E. Oladimeji, Alphonse Adite, Michael O. Awodiran, Kirk O. Winemiller, and Matthew B. Hamilton

Subjects
effective population size, inland capture fisheries, West Africa, Heterotis, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Inland capture fisheries play a critical role in supporting food security and livelihoods in Africa. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the genetic health of exploited fish populations. The African bonytongue, Heterotis niloticus, supports important commercial and subsistence fisheries in western Africa. However, sharp declines in stocks have been reported. Herein, we estimate contemporary effective population sizes (Ne) of four Heterotis populations in Nigeria, three in Benin, and five in Cameroon using Linkage Disequilibrium methods. Ne estimates were used to assess genetic short-term (i.e., inbreeding depression) and long-term (i.e., loss of evolutionary potential) risks. Ne point estimates obtained with the best estimator (out of 16), as determined by computer simulations, were Ne ≥ 50, revised to Ne ≥ 100); and well below the minimum recommended for populations to retain evolutionary potential (original criterion Ne ≥ 500; revised to Ne ≥ 1000). The lower bound of the confidence interval for two of the remaining populations was below the minimum recommended to retain evolutionary potential (with the point estimate of one of them also below this threshold), and for some methods, values were lower than the minimum recommended to avoid inbreeding depression. Accordingly, our results suggest that urgent conservation and management plans are needed to guarantee the persistence and sustainability of the H. niloticus populations examined.

Published
2024
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9. Genetic identification and diversity of stocks of the African bonytongue, Heterotis niloticus (Osteoglossiformes: Arapaiminae), in Nigeria, West Africa

Author

Tofunmi E. Oladimeji, Isabel C. Caballero, Mariana Mateos, Michael O. Awodiran, Kirk O. Winemiller, Alphonse Adite, and Luis A. Hurtado

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Inland fisheries are an important source of protein and income for people in Africa. Their sustainable management can greatly benefit from identification of regional genetic stocks and characterization of their genetic diversity, but such information is lacking for most African freshwater fisheries. The African bonytongue, Heterotis niloticus, is an important component of inland fisheries in West Africa. Nigeria has the largest fishery for African bonytongues, representing ~ 86% of the global total. Recent declines in yields at some Nigerian locations, however, suggest current levels of exploitation may be unsustainable. Habitat degradation also may be impacting some stocks. Despite its commercial and nutritional importance, the African bonytongue has been the subject of scant genetic research to support management. We examined patterns of genetic diversity in natural populations of H. niloticus at four locations in Nigeria, including Kainji Lake, a reservoir on the Niger River in north-central Nigeria, and three southern localities (Ethiope River, Igbokoda River, and Epe Lagoon), as well fish from the Ouémé River delta near Porto Novo, Benin. Eighty-five specimens were genotyped for nine microsatellite-loci. Genetic diversity estimates were highest at Kainji Lake, and substantially lower at southern localities. High levels of genetic differentiation were detected between samples from Kainji Lake and those from southern localities. Low, yet significant F ST values were observed among samples from southern Nigerian localities that were more differentiated from the sample from nearby coastal Benin. We thus recommend that African bonytongues from the five locations be considered distinct genetic stocks and managed accordingly.

Published
2022
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16. How do lizard niches conserve, diverge or converge? Further exploration of saurian evolutionary ecology

Author

Nicolás Pelegrin, Kirk O. Winemiller, Laurie J. Vitt, Daniel B. Fitzgerald, and Eric R. Pianka

Subjects
Adaptive divergence, Evolutionary convergence, Functional group, Periodic table of niches, Phylogenetic niche conservatism, Sauria, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract

Abstract Background Environmental conditions on Earth are repeated in non-random patterns that often coincide with species from different regions and time periods having consistent combinations of morphological, physiological and behavioral traits. Observation of repeated trait combinations among species confronting similar environmental conditions suggest that adaptive trait combinations are constrained by functional tradeoffs within or across niche dimensions. In an earlier study, we assembled a high-resolution database of functional traits for 134 lizard species to explore ecological diversification in relation to five fundamental niche dimensions. Here we expand and further examine multivariate relationships in that dataset to assess the relative influence of niche dimensions on the distribution of species in 6-dimensional niche space and how these may deviate from distributions generated from null models. We then analyzed a dataset with lower functional-trait resolution for 1023 lizard species that was compiled from our dataset and a published database, representing most of the extant families and environmental conditions occupied by lizards globally. Ordinations from multivariate analysis were compared with null models to assess how ecological and historical factors have resulted in the conservation, divergence or convergence of lizard niches. Results Lizard species clustered within a functional niche volume influenced mostly by functional traits associated with diet, activity, and habitat/substrate. Consistent patterns of trait combinations within and among niche dimensions yielded 24 functional groups that occupied a total niche space significantly smaller than plausible spaces projected by null models. Null model tests indicated that several functional groups are strongly constrained by phylogeny, such as nocturnality in the Gekkota and the secondarily acquired sit-and-wait foraging strategy in Iguania. Most of the widely distributed and species-rich families contained multiple functional groups thereby contributing to high incidence of niche convergence. Conclusions Comparison of empirical patterns with those generated by null models suggests that ecological filters promote limited sets of trait combinations, especially where similar conditions occur, reflecting both niche convergence and conservatism. Widespread patterns of niche convergence following ancestral niche diversification support the idea that lizard niches are defined by trait-function relationships and interactions with environment that are, to some degree, predictable and independent of phylogeny.

Published
2021
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17. Trends in mortality in people with HIV from 1999 to 2020: a multi-cohort collaboration

Author

Tusch, E, Ryom, L, Pelchen-Matthews, A, Mocroft, A, Elbirt, D, Oprea, C, Günthard, H, Staehelin, C, Zangerle, R, Suarez, I, Vehreschild, J, Wit, F, Menozzi, M, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Spagnuolo, V, Pradier, C, Carlander, C, Suanzes, P, Wasmuth, J, Carr, A, Petoumenos, K, Borgans, F, Bonnet, F, De Wit, S, El-Sadr, W, Neesgaard, B, Jaschinski, N, Greenberg, L, Hosein, S, Gallant, J, Vannappagari, V, Young, L, Sabin, C, Lundgren, J, Peters, L, Reekie, J, Calvo, G, Dabis, F, Kirk, O, Law, M, Monforte, A, Morfeldt, L, Reiss, P, Weber, R, Lind-Thomsen, A, Brandt, R, Hillebreght, M, Zaheri, S, Scherrer, A, Schöni-Affolter, F, Rickenbach, M, Tavelli, A, Fanti, I, Leleux, O, Mourali, J, Marec, F, Boerg, E, Thulin, E, Sundström, A, Bartsch, G, Thompsen, G, Necsoi, C, Delforge, M, Fontas, E, Caissotti, C, Dollet, K, Mateu, S, Torres, F, Blance, A, Huang, R, Puhr, R, Laut, K, Kristensen, D, Phillips, A, Kamara, D, Smith, C, Hatleberg, C, Raben, D, Matthews, C, Bojesen, A, Grevsen, A, Powderly, B, Shortman, N, Moecklinghoff, C, Reilly, G, Franquet, X, Smit, C, Ross, M, Fux, C, Morlat, P, Friis-Møller, N, Kowalska, J, Bohlius, J, Bower, M, Fätkenheuer, G, Grulich, A, Sjøl, A, Meidahl, P, Iversen, J, Reiss, C, Hillebregt, M, Prins, J, Kuijpers, T, Scherpbier, H, van der Meer, J, Godfried, M, van der Poll, T, Nellen, F, Geerlings, S, van Vugt, M, Pajkrt, D, Bos, J, Wiersinga, W, van der Valk, M, Goorhuis, A, Hovius, J, van Eden, J, Henderiks, A, van Hes, A, Mutschelknauss, M, Nobel, H, Pijnappel, F, Jurriaans, S, Back, N, Zaaijer, H, Berkhout, B, Cornelissen, M, Schinkel, C, Thomas, X, Ziekenhuis, A, van den Berge, M, Stegeman, A, Baas, S, de Looff, L, Versteeg, D, Ziekenhuis, C, Pronk, M, Ammerlaan, H, De Munnik, E, Jansz, A, Tjhie, J, Wegdam, M, Deiman, B, Scharnhorst, V, van der Plas, A, Weijsenfeld, A, van der Ende, M, De Vries-Sluijs, T, van Gorp, E, Schurink, C, Nouwen, J, Verbon, A, Rijnders, B, Bax, H, van der Feltz, M, Bassant, N, van Beek, J, Vriesde, M, van Zonneveld, L, de Oude-Lubbers, A, van den Berg-Cameron, H, Bruinsma-Broekman, F, de Groot, J, de Man, M, Boucher, C, Koopmans, M, van Kampen, J, Pas, S, Mc–sophia, E, Driessen, G, van Rossum, A, van der Knaap, L, Visser, E, Branger, J, Rijkeboer-Mes, A, de Ven, C, Ziekenhuis, H, Schippers, E, van Nieuwkoop, C, van IJperen, J, Geilings, J, van der Hut, G, Franck, P, van Eeden, A, Brokking, W, Groot, M, Elsenburg, L, Damen, M, Kwa, I, Groeneveld, P, Bouwhuis, J, van den Berg, J, van Hulzen, A, van der Bliek, G, Bor, P, Bloembergen, P, Wolfhagen, M, Ruijs, G, Kroon, F, de Boer, M, Bauer, M, Jolink, H, Vollaard, A, Dorama, W, van Holten, N, Claas, E, Wessels, E, den Hollander, J, Pogany, K, Roukens, A, Kastelijns, M, Smit, J, Smit, E, Struik-Kalkman, D, Tearno, C, Bezemer, M, van Niekerk, T, Pontesilli, O, Lowe, S, Lashof, A, Posthouwer, D, Ackens, R, Schippers, J, Vergoossen, R, Weijenberg-Maes, B, van Loo, I, Havenith, T, Leyten, E, Gelinck, L, van Hartingsveld, A, Meerkerk, C, Wildenbeest, G, Mutsaers, J, Jansen, C, Mulder, J, Vrouenraets, S, Lauw, F, van Broekhuizen, M, Paap, H, Vlasblom, D, Smits, P, Zuiderzee, M, Weijer, S, El Moussaoui, R, Bosma, A, van Vonderen, M, van Houte, D, Kampschreur, L, Dijkstra, K, Faber, S, Weel, J, Kootstra, G, Delsing, C, van der Burg-van de Plas, M, Heins, H, Lucas, E, Kortmann, W, van Twillert, G, Stuart, J, Diederen, B, Pronk, D, van Truijen-Oud, F, van der Reijden, W, Jansen, R, Brinkman, K, van den Berk, G, Blok, W, Frissen, P, Lettinga, K, Schouten, W, Veenstra, J, Brouwer, C, Geerders, G, Hoeksema, K, Kleene, M, van der Meché, I, Spelbrink, M, Sulman, H, Toonen, A, Wijnands, S, Kwa, D, Witte, E, Koopmans, P, Keuter, M, van der Ven, A, ter Hofstede, H, Dofferhoff, A, van Crevel, R, Albers, M, Bosch, M, Grintjes-Huisman, K, Zomer, B, Stelma, F, Rahamat-Langendoen, J, Burger, D, Richter, C, Gisolf, E, Hassing, R, ter Beest, G, van Bentum, P, Langebeek, N, Tiemessen, R, Swanink, C, van Lelyveld, S, Soetekouw, R, Hulshoff, N, van der Prijt, L, van der Swaluw, J, Bermon, N, Herpers, B, Veenendaal, D, Verhagen, D, van Wijk, M, Ziekenhuis, S, van Kasteren, M, Brouwer, A, de Wiel, B, Kuipers, M, Santegoets, R, van der Ven, B, Marcelis, J, Buiting, A, Kabel, P, Bierman, W, Scholvinck, H, Wilting, K, Stienstra, Y, Jonge, H, van der Meulen, P, de Weerd, D, Ludwig-Roukema, J, Niesters, H, Riezebos-Brilman, A, van Leer-Buter, C, Knoester, M, Hoepelman, A, Mudrikova, T, Ellerbroek, P, Oosterheert, J, Arends, J, Barth, R, Wassenberg, M, Schadd, E, van Elst-Laurijssen, D, van Oers-Hazelzet, E, Vervoort, S, van Berkel, M, Schuurman, R, Verduyn-Lunel, F, Wensing, A, Peters, E, van Agtmael, M, Bomers, M, de Vocht, J, Heitmuller, M, Laan, L, Pettersson, A, Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C, Ang, C, Kinderziekenhuis, W, Geelen, S, Wolfs, T, Bont, L, Nauta, N, Bezemer, D, van Sighem, A, Boender, T, de Jong, A, Bergsma, D, Hoekstra, P, de Lang, A, Grivell, S, Jansen, A, Rademaker, M, Raethke, M, Meijering, R, Schnörr, S, de Groot, L, van den Akker, M, Bakker, Y, Claessen, E, El Berkaoui, A, Koops, J, Kruijne, E, Lodewijk, C, Munjishvili, L, Peeck, B, Ree, C, Regtop, R, Ruijs, Y, Rutkens, T, van de Sande, L, Schoorl, M, Timmerman, A, Tuijn, E, Veenenberg, L, van der Vliet, S, Wisse, A, Woudstra, T, Tuk, B, Dupon, M, Gaborieau, V, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Mercié, P, Neau, D, Pellegrin, J, Tchamgoué, S, Lazaro, E, Cazanave, C, Vandenhende, M, Vareil, M, Gérard, Y, Blanco, P, Bouchet, S, Breilh, D, Fleury, H, Pellegrin, I, Chêne, G, Thiébaut, R, Wittkop, L, Lawson-Ayayi, S, Gimbert, A, Desjardin, S, Lacaze-Buzy, L, Petrov-Sanchez, V, André, K, Bernard, N, Caubet, O, Caunegre, L, Chossat, I, Courtault, C, Dauchy, F, De Witte, S, Dondia, D, Duffau, P, Dutronc, H, Farbos, S, Faure, I, Ferrand, H, Gerard, Y, Greib, C, Hessamfar, M, Imbert, Y, Lataste, P, Marie, J, Mechain, M, Monlun, E, Ochoa, A, Pistone, T, Raymond, I, Receveur, M, Rispal, P, Sorin, L, Valette, C, Viallard, J, Wille, H, Wirth, G, Lafon, M, Trimoulet, P, Bellecave, P, Tumiotto, C, Haramburu, F, Miremeont-Salamé, G, Blaizeau, M, Decoin, M, Hannapier, C, Lenaud, E, Pougetoux, A, Delveaux, S, D’Ivernois, C, Diarra, F, Uwamaliya-Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Conte, V, Sapparrart, V, Law, C, Moore, R, Edwards, S, Hoy, J, Watson, K, Roth, N, Lau, H, Bloch, M, Baker, D, Cooper, D, O’Sullivan, M, Nolan, D, Guelfi, G, Calvo, C, Domingo, P, Sambeat, M, Gatell, J, Del Cacho, E, Cadafalch, J, Fuster, M, Codina, C, Sirera, G, Vaqué, A, Clumeck, N, Gennotte, A, Gerard, M, Kabeya, K, Konopnicki, D, Libois, A, Martin, C, Payen, M, Semaille, P, Van Laethem, Y, Neaton, C, Krum, E, Thompson, G, Wentworth, D, Luskin-Hawk, R, Telzak, E, Abrams, D, Cohn, D, Markowitz, N, Arduino, R, Mushatt, D, Friedland, G, Perez, G, Tedaldi, E, Fisher, E, Gordin, F, Crane, L, Sampson, J, Baxter, J, Gazzard, B, Horban, A, Karpov, I, Losso, M, Pedersen, C, Ristola, M, Rockstroh, J, Fischer, A, Larsen, J, Podlekareva, D, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Shepherd, L, Schultze, A, Amele, S, Kundro, M, Schmied, B, Wien, P, Vassilenko, A, Mitsura, V, Paduto, D, Florence, E, Vandekerckhove, L, Hadziosmanovic, V, Begovac, J, Machala, L, Jilich, D, Sedlacek, D, Kronborg, G, Benfield, T, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Møller, N, Ostergaard, L, Wiese, L, Nielsen, L, Zilmer, K, Smidt, J, Siseklinik, N, Aho, I, Viard, J, Duvivier, C, Schmidt, R, Degen, O, Stellbrink, H, Stefan, C, Goethe, J, Bogner, J, Chkhartishvili, N, Gargalianos, P, Xylomenos, G, Armenis, K, Sambatakou, H, Szlávik, J, Gottfredsson, M, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Shahar, E, Hassoun, G, Elinav, H, Haouzi, M, Sthoeger, Z, Esposito, R, Mazeu, I, Mussini, C, Mazzotta, F, Gabbuti, A, Annunziata, O, Vullo, V, Lichtner, M, Zaccarelli, M, Antinori, A, Acinapura, R, Plazzi, M, Lazzarin, A, Castagna, A, Gianotti, N, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Uzdaviniene, V, Matulionyte, R, Staub, T, Hemmer, R, Ormaasen, V, Maeland, A, Bruun, J, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Inglot, M, Bakowska, E, Flisiak, R, Grzeszczuk, A, Parczewski, M, Maciejewska, K, Aksak-Was, B, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Smiatacz, T, Gensing, M, Jablonowska, E, Malolepsza, E, Wojcik, K, Mozer-Lisewska, I, Caldeira, L, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Radoi, R, Panteleev, A, Panteleev, O, Yakovlev, A, Trofimora, T, Khromova, I, Kuzovatova, E, Blokhina, I, Novogrod, N, Borodulina, E, Vdoushkina, E, Jevtovic, D, Tomazic, J, Miró, J, Moreno, S, Rodriguez, J, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Paredes, R, Tural, C, Puig, J, Bravo, I, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Laporte, J, Sonnerborg, A, Brännström, I, Flamholc, L, Cavassini, M, Calmy, A, Furrer, H, Battegay, M, Schmid, P, Kuznetsova, A, Kyselyova, G, Sluzhynska, M, Johnson, A, Simons, E, Johnson, M, Orkin, C, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Clarke, A, Leen, C, Morfeldt, C, Thulin, G, Åkerlund, B, Koppel, K, Karlsson, A, Håkangård, C, Castelli, F, Cauda, R, Perri, G, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Marchetti, G, Perno, C, von Schloesser, F, Viale, P, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, Girardi, E, Caputo, S, Puoti, M, Andreoni, M, Ammassari, A, Balotta, C, Bandera, A, Bonfanti, P, Bonora, S, Borderi, M, Calcagno, A, Calza, L, Capobianchi, M, Cingolani, A, Cinque, P, De Luca, A, Biagio, A, Gori, A, Guaraldi, G, Lapadula, G, Madeddu, G, Maggiolo, F, Marcotullio, S, Monno, L, Nozza, S, Roldan, E, Rossotti, R, Rusconi, S, Santoro, M, Saracino, A, Galli, L, Lorenzini, P, Rodano, A, Shanyinde, M, Carletti, F, Carrara, S, Caro, A, Graziano, S, Petrone, F, Prota, G, Quartu, S, Truffa, S, Giacometti, A, Costantini, A, Barocci, V, Angarano, G, Santoro, C, Suardi, C, Donati, V, Verucchi, G, Minardi, C, Quirino, T, Abeli, C, Manconi, P, Piano, P, Cacopardo, B, Celesia, B, Vecchiet, J, Falasca, K, Pan, A, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Segala, D, Vichi, F, Cassola, G, Viscoli, C, Alessandrini, A, Bobbio, N, Mazzarello, G, Mastroianni, C, Belvisi, V, Caramma, I, Chiodera, A, Milini, P, Rizzardini, G, Moioli, M, Piolini, R, Salpietro, S, Tincati, C, Puzzolante, C, Abrescia, N, Chirianni, A, Borgia, G, Orlando, R, Bonadies, G, Martino, F, Gentile, I, Maddaloni, L, Cattelan, A, Marinello, S, Cascio, A, Colomba, C, Baldelli, F, Schiaroli, E, Parruti, G, Sozio, F, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Cristaudo, A, Baldin, G, Capozzi, M, Cicalini, S, Sulekova, L, Iaiani, G, Latini, A, Mastrorosa, I, Savinelli, S, Vergori, A, Cecchetto, M, Viviani, F, Bagella, P, Rossetti, B, Franco, A, Del Vecchio, R, Francisci, D, Giuli, C, Caramello, P, Orofino, G, Sciandra, M, Bassetti, M, Londero, A, Pellizzer, G, Manfrin, V, Starnini, G, Ialungo, A, Central, C, Dellamonica, P, Bernard, E, Courjon, J, Cua, E, De Salvador-Guillouet, F, Durant, J, Etienne, C, Ferrando, S, Mondain-Miton, V, Naqvi, A, Perbost, I, Pillet, S, Prouvost-Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rio, V, Risso, K, Roger, P, Aubert, V, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Braun, D, Bucher, H, Ciuffi, A, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Haerry, D, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H, Hoffmann, M, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Klimkait, T, Kouyos, R, Kovari, H, Ledergerber, B, Martinetti, G, de Tejada, B, Marzolini, C, Metzner, K, Müller, N, Nicca, D, Pantaleo, G, Paioni, P, Rauch, A, Rudin, C, Speck, R, Stöckle, M, Tarr, P, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Wandeler, G, Yerly, S, Valk, M, Hutchinson, J, Rupasinghe, D, Han, W, Appoyer, H, Vera, J, Broster, B, Barbour, L, Carney, D, Greenland, L, Coughlan, R, Saint-Pierre, C, Stephan, C, Bucht, M, Chokoshvili, O, Borghi, V, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Lampe, F, Burns, F, Chaloner, C, Muccini, C, Lolatto, R, Sönnerborg, A, Nowak, P, Vesterbacka, J, Mattsson, L, Carrick, D, Stigsäter, K, Kusejko, K, Schulze, N, Franke, B, Rooney, J, Mcnicholl, I, Garges, H, Campo, R, Volny-Anne, A, Dedes, N, Williams, E, Bruguera, A, Volny-Anne, R, Mendão, L, Timiryasova, A, Fursa, O, Jakobsen, M, Kraef, C, Gardizi, M, Andersen, K, Kumar, L, Elsing, T, Shahi, S, Valdenmaiier, O, Bansi-Matharu, L, Byonanebye, D, Bannister, W, Roen, A, Null, N, Tusch, Erich, Ryom, Lene, Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret, Mocroft, Amanda, Elbirt, Daniel, Oprea, 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F, Schiaroli, E, Parruti, G, Sozio, F, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Cristaudo, A, Baldin, G, Capozzi, M, Cicalini, S, Sulekova, L, Iaiani, G, Latini, A, Mastrorosa, I, Savinelli, S, Vergori, A, Cecchetto, M, Viviani, F, Bagella, P, Rossetti, B, Franco, A, Del Vecchio, R, Francisci, D, Giuli, C, Caramello, P, Orofino, G, Sciandra, M, Bassetti, M, Londero, A, Pellizzer, G, Manfrin, V, Starnini, G, Ialungo, A, Central, C, Dellamonica, P, Bernard, E, Courjon, J, Cua, E, De Salvador-Guillouet, F, Durant, J, Etienne, C, Ferrando, S, Mondain-Miton, V, Naqvi, A, Perbost, I, Pillet, S, Prouvost-Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rio, V, Risso, K, Roger, P, Aubert, V, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Braun, D, Bucher, H, Ciuffi, A, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Haerry, D, Hasse, B, Hirsch, H, Hoffmann, M, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Klimkait, T, Kouyos, R, Kovari, H, Ledergerber, B, Martinetti, G, de Tejada, B, Marzolini, C, Metzner, K, Müller, N, Nicca, D, Pantaleo, G, Paioni, P, Rauch, A, Rudin, C, Speck, R, Stöckle, M, Tarr, P, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Wandeler, G, Yerly, S, Valk, M, Hutchinson, J, Rupasinghe, D, Han, W, Appoyer, H, Vera, J, Broster, B, Barbour, L, Carney, D, Greenland, L, Coughlan, R, Saint-Pierre, C, Stephan, C, Bucht, M, Chokoshvili, O, Borghi, V, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Lampe, F, Burns, F, Chaloner, C, Muccini, C, Lolatto, R, Sönnerborg, A, Nowak, P, Vesterbacka, J, Mattsson, L, Carrick, D, Stigsäter, K, Kusejko, K, Schulze, N, Franke, B, Rooney, J, Mcnicholl, I, Garges, H, Campo, R, Volny-Anne, A, Dedes, N, Williams, E, Bruguera, A, Volny-Anne, R, Mendão, L, Timiryasova, A, Fursa, O, Jakobsen, M, Kraef, C, Gardizi, M, Andersen, K, Kumar, L, Elsing, T, Shahi, S, Valdenmaiier, O, Bansi-Matharu, L, Byonanebye, D, Bannister, W, Roen, A, Null, N, Tusch, Erich, Ryom, Lene, Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret, Mocroft, Amanda, Elbirt, Daniel, Oprea, Cristiana, Günthard, Huldrych F, Staehelin, Cornelia, Zangerle, Robert, Suarez, Isabelle, Vehreschild, Jörg Janne, Wit, Ferdinand, Menozzi, Marianna, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Spagnuolo, Vincenzo, Pradier, Christian, Carlander, Christina, Suanzes, Paula, Wasmuth, Jan-Christian, Carr, Andrew, Petoumenos, Kathy, Borgans, Frauke, Bonnet, Fabrice, De Wit, Stephane, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Neesgaard, Bastian, Jaschinski, Nadine, Greenberg, Lauren, Hosein, Sean R, Gallant, Joel, Vannappagari, Vani, Young, Lital, Sabin, Caroline, Lundgren, Jens, Peters, Lars, Reekie, Joanne, Monforte, A d’Arminio, Brandt, R Salbøl, Wit, F W N M, Marec, F Le, Laut, K Grønborg, Sabin, C A, Phillips, A N, Kamara, D A, Smith, C J, Hatleberg, C I, Brandt, R S, Grevsen, A L, Lundgren, J D, Fux, C A, Monforte, A d'Arminio, Iversen, J S, Reiss, Central P, Prins, J M, Kuijpers, T W, Scherpbier, H J, van der Meer, J T M, Godfried, M H, Nellen, F J B, Geerlings, S E, Bos, J C, Wiersinga, W J, Hovius, J W, van Hes, A M H, Nobel, H E, Pijnappel, F J J, Back, N K T, Zaaijer, H L, Cornelissen, M T E, Schinkel, C J, Thomas, X V, Ziekenhuis, Admiraal De Ruyter, de Looff, L Hage, Ziekenhuis, Catharina, Pronk, M J H, Ammerlaan, H S M, De Munnik, E S, Jansz, A R, Wegdam, M C A, Weijsenfeld, A M, van der Ende, M E, De Vries-Sluijs, T E M S, van Gorp, E C M, Schurink, C A M, Nouwen, J L, Rijnders, B J A, Bax, H I, van Beek, J E A, van Zonneveld, L M, van den Berg-Cameron, H J, Bruinsma-Broekman, F B, de Man, M de Zeeuw, Boucher, C A B, Koopmans, M P G, van Kampen, J J A, Pas, S D, MC–Sophia, Erasmus, Driessen, G J A, van Rossum, A M C, van der Knaap, L C, de Ven, C J H M Duijf-van, Ziekenhuis, Haga, Schippers, E F, van IJperen, J M, Franck, P F H, Elsenburg, L J M, Kwa, I S, Groeneveld, P H P, Bouwhuis, J W, van den Berg, J F, van Hulzen, A G W, van der Bliek, G L, Bor, P C J, Wolfhagen, M J H M, Ruijs, G J H M, Kroon, F P, de Boer, M G J, Bauer, M P, Vollaard, A M, Claas, E C J, den Hollander, J G, Smit, J V, Lowe, S H, Lashof, A M L Oude, Ackens, R P, van Loo, I H M, Havenith, T R A, Leyten, E M S, Gelinck, L B S, Wildenbeest, G S, Mutsaers, J A E M, Jansen, C L, Mulder, J W, Vrouenraets, S M E, Lauw, F N, van Broekhuizen, M C, Vlasblom, D J, Smits, P H M, Zuiderzee, M C, Bosma, A S, van Vonderen, M G A, van Houte, D P F, Kampschreur, L M, Kootstra, G J, Delsing, C E, Stuart, J W T Cohen, Diederen, B M W, van Truijen-Oud, F A, van der Reijden, W A, van den Berk, G E L, Blok, W L, Frissen, P H J, Lettinga, K D, Schouten, W E M, Brouwer, C J, Geerders, G F, Kleene, M J, van der Meché, I B, Toonen, A J M, Koopmans, P P, van der Ven, A J A M, ter Hofstede, H J M, Dofferhoff, A S M, Bosch, M E W, Grintjes-Huisman, K J T, Zomer, B J, Stelma, F F, Gisolf, E H, Hassing, R J, van Bentum, P H M, Swanink, C M A, van Lelyveld, S F L, van der Prijt, L M M, Herpers, B L, Verhagen, D W M, Ziekenhuis, St Elisabeth, van Kasteren, M E E, Brouwer, A E, de Wiel, B A F M de Kruijf-van, Santegoets, R M W J, Marcelis, J H, Buiting, A G M, Kabel, P J, Bierman, W F W, Wilting, K R, Jonge, H de Groot-de, van der Meulen, P A, de Weerd, D A, Niesters, H G M, van Leer-Buter, C C, Hoepelman, A I M, Ellerbroek, P M, Oosterheert, J J, Arends, J E, Barth, R E, Wassenberg, M W M, Schadd, E M, van Elst-Laurijssen, D H M, van Oers-Hazelzet, E E B, Wensing, A M J, Peters, E J G, van Agtmael, M A, Laan, L M, Pettersson, A M, Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C M J E, Ang, C W, Kinderziekenhuis, Wilhelmina, Geelen, S P M, Wolfs, T F W, Bont, L J, Bezemer, D O, van Sighem, A I, Boender, T S, Rademaker, M J, Pellegrin, J L, Vareil, M O, Dauchy, F A, Receveur, M C, Vandenhende, M A, Viallard, J F, Lafon, Me, Blaizeau, M J, Boerg, Eloïse, Law, Central M, Calvo, Central G, Sambeat, M A, Gennotte, A F, Payen, M C, Neaton, Central J, El-Sadr, W M, Abrams, D I, Crane, L R, Fischer, A H, Larsen, J F, Wien, Pulmologisches Zentrum der Stadt, Mitsura, V M, Møller, N F, Nielsen, L N, Smidt, Jelena, Siseklinik, Nakkusosakond, Viard, J-P, Stellbrink, H J, Goethe, J W, Sthoeger, Z M, Monforte, A D’Arminio, Annunziata, Ospedale S Maria, Blokhina, I N, Novogrod, Nizhny, Gatell, J M, Miró, J M, Rodriguez, J M, Laporte, J M, Johnson, A M, Johnson, M A, Morfeldt, Central L, Perri, G Di, Marchetti, G C, Perno, C F, Caputo, S Lo, Capobianchi, M R, Biagio, A Di, Roldan, E Quiros, Santoro, M M, Caro, A Di, Manconi, P E, Moioli, M C, Ridolfo, A L, Martino, F Di, Cattelan, A M, Ursitti, M A, Sulekova, L Fontanelli, Plazzi, M M, Del Vecchio, R Fontana, Giuli, C Di, Orofino, G C, Roger, P M, Braun, D L, Bucher, H C, Günthard, H F, Hirsch, H H, Kouyos, R D, de Tejada, B Martinez, Metzner, K J, Scherrer, A U, Valk, Marc vd, Han, W Min, Saint-Pierre, C H U, Miro, J M, Wasmuth, J C, Vehreschild, J J, McNicholl, I, Williams, E D, Volny-Anne, R Campo Alain, Dedes, Nikos, Mendão, Luis, Jakobsen, M L, Kumar, L Ramesh, Elsing, T W, and null, null

Abstract

Background: Mortality among people with HIV declined with the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy. We investigated trends over time in all-cause and cause-specific mortality in people with HIV from 1999-2020. Methods: Data were collected from the D:A:D cohort from 1999 through January 2015 and RESPOND from October 2017 through 2020. Age-standardized all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates, classified using Coding Causes of Death in HIV (CoDe), were calculated. Poisson regression models were used to assess mortality trends over time. Results: Among 55716 participants followed for a median of 6 years (IQR 3-11), 5263 participants died (crude mortality rate [MR] 13.7/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 13.4-14.1). Changing patterns of mortality were observed with AIDS as the most common cause of death between 1999- 2009 (n = 952, MR 4.2/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 4.0-4.5) and non-AIDS defining malignancy (NADM) from 2010 -2020 (n = 444, MR 2.8/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 2.5-3.1). In multivariable analysis, all-cause mortality declined over time (adjusted mortality rate ratio [aMRR] 0.97 per year; 95%CI 0.96, 0.98), mostly from 1999 through 2010 (aMRR 0.96 per year; 95%CI 0.95-0.97), and with no decline shown from 2011 through 2020 (aMRR 1·00 per year; 95%CI 0·96-1·05). Mortality due all known causes except NADM also declined over the entire follow-up period. Conclusion: Mortality among people with HIV in the D:A:D and/or RESPOND cohorts decreased between 1999 and 2009 and was stable over the period from 2010 through 2020. The decline in mortality rates was not fully explained by improvements in immunologic-virologic status or other risk factors.

Published
2024

34. Seasonal Variation in Resource Overlap Between Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and Native Species in Poyang Lake Wetland, China

Author

Jiajia Wu, Huili Chen, Binsong Jin, Kirk O. Winemiller, Shenhao Wu, Wang Xu, Huan Zhang, and Xiaoping Wu

Subjects
basal resource, MixSIAR model, stable isotope, trophic niche, Yangtze River, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Biological invasions are a significant component of current global environmental change that affect biodiversity as well as ecosystem processes and services. The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is one of the most invasive species worldwide, with a documented ability to deplete basal food resources and alter the structure of aquatic food webs. The red swamp crayfish has extensively invaded the Poyang Lake wetland, located in the middle reach of the Yangtze River basin. Here, we use an isotopic mixing model (MixSIAR) with data from stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) to estimate relative contributions of potential resources to the biomass of red swamp crayfish and ten common native species, and we use hierarchical clustering analysis to assess basal resource breadth and interspecific similarity of invasive and native species. We hypothesized that red swamp crayfish and several native species have similar trophic niches and may compete for basal resources. Results from the mixing model demonstrated seasonal variation in the basal resource of all species, including the red swamp crayfish and native snails, prawns, and fishes. Submerged macrophytes and detritus were estimated to be the most important sources during the rising-water season; during the high-water season, emergent macrophytes and detritus were most important; and during the falling-water season, detritus, POM, and floating macrophytes were most important. Resource overlap was substantial between the invasive crayfish and dominant native species, particularly the freshwater snail (Bellamya aeruginosa), indicating the potential exists for negative impact from competition under conditions of resource limitation.

Published
2022
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37. Amazonia : the new frontier for plastic pollution

Author

Giarrizzo, Tommaso, Andrade, Marcelo C, Schmid, Kurt, Winemiller, Kirk O, Ferreira, Micheline, Pegado, Tamyris, Chelazzi, David, Cincinelli, Alessandra, and Fearnside, Philip M

Published
2019

38. Can ancestry and morphology be used as surrogates for species niche relationships?

Author

Friedrich W. Keppeler and Kirk O. Winemiller

Subjects
Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Species interactions are difficult to quantify, and, consequently, many studies have used species traits and phylogeny as proxies under an assumption of niche conservatism (i.e., closely related and morphologically similar species should have similar niches). However, few studies have investigated whether niches actually are conserved within and across diverse communities. Here, we tested the degree to which phylogenetic relatedness and morphological similarity predict diets and stable isotopic ratios (δ15N and δ13C), two common descriptors of the trophic niche, in fish assemblages of two small streams in the Neotropics. We also tested the strength of the association between isotopic ratios and diet composition and found significant correlations implying that isotopic signals reveal trophic structure despite error associated with estimates of trophic enrichment and variation associated with tissue preservation, metabolism, and other factors affecting isotopic ratios. Morphological traits yielded a significant phylogenetic signal, and both morphological traits and phylogeny were correlated with diet composition, with morphological traits being a stronger predictor. We infer that functionally relevant morphological traits of fish can be used to infer trophic niches for certain kinds of questions and analyses when trophic data are lacking. However, we highlight that using phylogenetic and morphological data in combination with dietary and/or isotopic data can improve resolution of assemblage trophic structure and niche diversification.

Published
2020
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40. Intercontinental trends in functional and phylogenetic structure of stream fish assemblages

Author

Luke M. Bower and Kirk O. Winemiller

Subjects
community assembly, environmental filtering, fish, functional diversity, phylogenetic diversity, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Understanding of community assembly has been improved by phylogenetic and trait‐based approaches, yet there is little consensus regarding the relative importance of alternative mechanisms and few studies have been done at large geographic and phylogenetic scales. Here, we use phylogenetic and trait dispersion approaches to determine the relative contribution of limiting similarity and environmental filtering to community assembly of stream fishes at an intercontinental scale. We sampled stream fishes from five zoogeographic regions. Analysis of traits associated with habitat use, feeding, or both resulted in more occurrences of trait underdispersion than overdispersion regardless of spatial scale or species pool. Our results suggest that environmental filtering and, to a lesser extent, species interactions were important mechanisms of community assembly for fishes inhabiting small, low‐gradient streams in all five regions. However, a large proportion of the trait dispersion values were no different from random. This suggests that stochastic factors or opposing assembly mechanisms also influenced stream fish assemblages and their trait dispersion patterns. Local assemblages tended to have lower functional diversity in microhabitats with high water velocity, shallow water depth, and homogeneous substrates lacking structural complexity, lending support for the stress‐dominance hypothesis. A high prevalence of functional underdispersion coupled with phylogenetic underdispersion could reflect phylogenetic niche conservatism and/or stabilizing selection. These findings imply that environmental filtering of stream fish assemblages is not only deterministic, but also influences assemblage structure in a fairly consistent manner worldwide.

Published
2019
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42. A cascade of dams affects fish spatial distributions and functional groups of local assemblages in a subtropical river

Author

Jaqueline de Bem, Josiane Ribolli, Cristhiana Röpke, Kirk O. Winemiller, and Evoy Zaniboni-Filho

Subjects
Ichthyofauna, Reproductive tactics, Reservoirs, River fragmentation, Trophic groups, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Abstract Dams reduce the longitudinal connectivity of rivers and thereby disrupt fish migration and the spatial distribution of species, impacts that remain poorly studied for some Neotropical rivers from mega-diverse basins. We investigated the spatial distribution of fish species with different trophic and movement/reproductive/size characteristics to assess how functional groups have responded to a cascade of dams on the Uruguai River in southern Brazil. Fish abundance, biomass, and species composition were evaluated at eight locations along the longitudinal gradient. The fish assemblage in the upper stretch was mainly characterized by small and medium-sized species at higher trophic levels, whereas the sites located furthest downstream displayed more medium and large-sized species, including many carnivorous species. Species with high fecundity, seasonal migrants, and catfishes with internal fertilization were common in the river´s middle and lower reaches. Detritivorous species dominated areas distant from the dams. Overall, functional diversity of local fish assemblages was greater in lower reaches. The cascade of dams has impacted the distribution of functional groups of local fish assemblages of Uruguai River. The alteration of functional groups in upper reaches of the river has potential consequences for ecosystem processes and services, such as nutrient cycling and fisheries.

Published
2021
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