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Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hur judendom och judar klassificeras i tre bibliografiska klassifikationssystem som används på svenska bibliotek. De valda systemen är Dewey Decimal klassifikationssystemet (DDK), Klassifikationssystemet för svenska bibliotek (SAB) och Judiska biblioteks klassifikationssystem (Stockholmssystemet). Hermeneutikens teorier används som teoretisk utgångspunkt i kombination med Hope A. Olsons teori om makten att namnge och Broughton och Lomas modell om klassifikation av religion. Detta används för att analysera resultatet av studien. Det empiriska materialet insamlades genom en kvalitativ textstudie, vilket innebar en närläsning utifrån ett kodningsschema. Resultatet tematiserades i sex kategorier och analyserade utifrån de ovannämnda teorierna. DDK- och SAB-systemet representerar judar som en minoritet och judendom som religion tilldelas lite utrymme i klassifikationssystemen. I Stockholmssystemet är judendom och judar normen och den judiska tideräkningen och namnvarianter premieras, till skillnad från de övriga systemen. DDK-systemet presenterar judendom och judar med mångfald, Stockholmssystemet i lite mindre utsträckning och SAB-systemet utan någon mångfald. The aim of the study is to describe how Judaism and Jews are classified in the bibliographic classification systems that are used in Swedish libraries. The chosen systems are the Dewey Decimal Classification System (DDC), Classification System for Swedish Libraries (SAB) and the Jewish Library’s Classification system (The Stockholm System). Hermeneutics is the theoretical basis in combination with Hope A. Olson’s theory of the power to name and Broughton and Lomas model of the classification of religion. This is used to analyze the results of the study. The empirical material was gathered using a qualitative text study, which entailed a close reading with a coding schedule. The result was thematized into six categories and analyzed with the aforementioned theories. The DDC and SAB systems represent Jews as a minority and Judaism as a religion is given little space in the classification systems. Judaism and Jews are the norm in the Stockholm system and Jewish chronology and name variants are promoted. The DDC system presents Judaism and Jews with diversity, the Stockholm system less so and the SAB system contains no diversity.

Was bedeutet eigentlich "Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement" und wann handeln Unternehmen nachhaltig und wann nicht? Um möglichst präzise und vergleichbare Antworten auf diese Frage geben zu können, wurde mit der EU-Taxonomie ein umfangreiches Rahmenwerk vorgelegt, welches im Kern nachhaltiges Management transparenter und messbarer machen soll. Dieses Klassifikationssystem nachhaltiger Tätigkeiten hat zum Ziel, Kapital in nachhaltige Wirtschaftsaktivitäten zu lenken. Die Auswirkungen auf Unternehmen gehen über die bereits in weiten Teilen eingeführte Berichtspflicht zum eigenen Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement hinaus. Es zeichnet sich ab, dass Unternehmen, die die Kriterien der EU-Taxonomie nicht oder unzureichend erfüllen, empfindliche Wettbewerbsnachteile befürchten müssen. Obwohl die EU-Taxonomie sich noch im Anfangsstadium befindet, gibt es bereits heute schon ganz konkrete Auswirkungen auf die Unternehmenspraxis. Was sind diese Auswirkungen und welche Bedeutung haben sie insbesondere für Nicht-Finanzunternehmen? Auf diese Fragen gibt die vorliegende Schrift Antworten.

Den svenska användningen av programvaror i byggsektorn i dagens samhälle använder inte ett gemensamt och digitalt anpassat klassifikationssystem för hanteringen av information inom BIM. Problemet har orsakat ineffektivt informationsutbyte mellan olika aktörer i byggprocessen och fortsatt över hela livscykeln. Stora mängder information förloras och missförstås, vilket har resulterat i förhöjda kostnader och tidsfördröjningar. I det här examensarbetet undersöks av den anledningen om informationsutbyte mellan olika aktörer kan förbättras. Det här har gjorts genom att undersöka det nuvarande klassifikationssystemet BSAB 96 som används i byggsektorn och ett nytt system benämnt CoClass. Målet med undersökningen har varit att identifiera bristerna med BSAB 96 och utreda om det nya systemet har förmågan att lösa dessa brister. För att sedan kunna bli ett bättre klassifikationssystem som kan används för framtiden av den svenska byggsektorn. Vidare har även svårigheter och hinder vid användning av CoClass undersökts. Insamlingen av information har genomförts med stöd av litteraturstudie och en empirisk undersökning i form av kvalitativa intervjuer. Respondenter valdes selektivt för intervjuerna för att erhålla relevant information, då studien har behövt kvalitativ information som har förbindelse med byggsektorn. Studien har visat att det förekommer tydliga brister och problem med BSAB 96 som behöver utvecklas för att bemöta de digitala behov som finns idag. BSAB-systemet anses som inte tillräckligt utbyggt längre för att klassificera effektivt och korrekt av en del aktörer i byggsektorn. Vidare har systemet inte heller någon form av gränssnitt som kan stödja kommunikationen mellan andra applikationsprogram och programvaror. Det nya klassifikationssystemet CoClass däremot är ett vältänkt och digitalt anpassat system som har visat en utökad mängd tabeller, klasser, egenskaper och många nya funktioner. CoClass har en stor potential för att lösa bristerna med BSAB 96 och samtidigt täcka de digitala behov som finns i dagens samhälle. Men det nya systemet kommer inte utan utmaningar, utan det har även uppfattats som rätt abstrakt och komplicerat av aktörer som arbetar i byggsektorn. Den nuvarande lättillgänglighet som finns för CoClass är inte optimal eftersom endast en del av systemet är gratis. För att få full tillgång till systemet behövs en prenumeration, vilket har skapat en motsatt effekt till att vilja använda det. The swedish usage of software in the construction sector, currently does not use a mutual and digitally adapted classification system for the management of information in BIM. Problems such as inefficient exchange of information among participants occur during the construction process and continues to do so over the whole life cycle. Large amounts of information are lost and misunderstood, which causes severe cost increases and time delays. Thus, in this thesis a study has been conducted to research if the exchange of information among participants during the construction process can be improved upon. This have been accomplished by investigating the current classification system BSAB 96 that is being used, alongside the introduction of a new one entitled CoClass. The aim of this study has therefore been to identify the problems with BSAB 96. And to clarify if CoClass can resolve these problems and become a better classification system for the future of the swedish construction sector. A literature study and an empirical study in the form of qualitative research interviews have been carried out to conduct this study. In conclusion, the study has shown that there are clear signs of problems with the usage of BSAB 96 regarding the digital needs that are required in our current society. The introduction of the new classification system, CoClass, has shown impressive signs of potential to attain the requirements needed. But it does not come without challenges, among the interviewees a lot of them have interpreted the new system as very abstract and complicated, which can also be considered as deterrent.

Introduction. This thesis is set in the field of critical knowledge organization and indigenous knowledge organi- zation. Building on the theory of domain analysis I chose the Saami Library in Sweden as the domain for this thesis. The purpose was to identify the structures of power affecting how the lives and experiences of the Saami people are represented in the library catalogue and in the classification systems used, and to examine the views on knowledge expressed in the classification systems. Theory and method. This thesis builds upon the writings on deconstruction. I seek to deconstruct the cata- logue and the classification system using tools derived from the writings of Jacques Derrida. Analysis. Nine posts from the catalogue, and the classification codes entered there were analysed. Emphasis was put on analysing the DDC classification as this is the primary classification system used. Results. From analysing the classifications and the catalogue posts I found that the representations of the Saami experiences varied depending on which subject class the book belonged to. A majority of the posts analysed were classified as social sciences in DDC whereas the classifications were more varied in the Swedish SAB- system. Conclusion. Two structures have been identified. The first structure places the Saami experiences as some- thing that is other, in relation to which the mainstream is defined. The second structure places the Saami experi- ences as part of a diversity, separate from the unity of the mainstream society. This structure only acknowledges the existence of diversity if this means that the position of the unity is strengthened. Concerning the second purpose of the thesis I find that a western knowledge perspective has got a hegemonic position in the DDC, which means that other knowledge systems such as indigenous knowledge is not seen as such but as something only related to a specific group. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.

Digital informationsmodellering i anläggningsarbeten och byggnader har blivit allt vanligare i byggbranschen. Detta till följd av branschens teknikutveckling, nya standarder och behov av att se byggnadsobjekten i ett livscykelperspektiv. Det har resulterat i att allt större krav ställs på att kunna samordna och klassificera informationen under hela bygg- och förvaltningsprocessen. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka den potentiella nyttan av att använda CoClass i ett förvaltningsskede och vad som krävs för att underlätta implementering av CoClass för fastighetsförvaltare. Studiens design har utformats som en fallstudie för att uppnå studiens syfte. Som datainsamlingsmetod har semistrukturerade intervjuer gjorts där fem personer som arbetar med systemförvaltning intervjuats. Det erhållna resultatet visar att systemleverantörer av fastighetssystem är redo att tillämpa CoClass men att det saknas kunskap och kompetens vilket medför att det är svårt för förvaltare att kravställa CoClass. Studien har bidragit till djupare förståelse för hur det nya klassifikationssystemet CoClass är uppbyggt och hur det är tänkt att tillämpas. Studien har också visat att CoClass har potentialen att vara det framtida klassifikationssystemet för all bebyggd miljö i Sverige men det krävs att branschen är eniga och har kunskapen som krävs för att nyttja det.

The following thesis aims to account for and describe the variations of perceptions that public librarians have regarding user-friendliness of the classification systems that are used in Swedish public libraries. How user-friendliness and the classification systems are perceived are examined to understand how the librarians might connect these two together. The thesis is based on the qualitive research methodology of phenomenography which is a method used in order to create an understanding of the variations of perceptions of a phenomenon. The phenomenographic method is applied by using qualitative interviews. For this study eight public librarians in the Stockholm region have been interviewed. The interviews were conducted in a phenomenographic manner and were set out to be a dialogue between the interviewer and the interviewee. All the libraries in the study are currently working in the SAB classification system. The study shows that there are a variation of different perceptions of user-friendliness and the classification systems. One perception that is found is that SAB is not user-friendly because of the lack of logic within the system and it is a common impression that users find the system confusing. A perception also states that SAB is “a dead system”, referring to the fact that SAB no longer is updated. The perception means that in time, SAB will not be a useable system. Another perception contradicts the first one and says that SAB is a system that users usually understand to a certain degree. The users have the capability to operate within the system to find literature they seek but as they submerge deeper into the systems hierarchy most users usually get confused. Another perception is that the connection between user-friendliness and classification systems is not of importance. This perception proclaims that user-friendliness can be achieved by working with signage and shelf placement instead. The study also shows that there is a gap between how the librarians perceive the classification systems and how they imagine their users perceiving them. This is shown in the lack of dialogue between users and librarians. A common perception among the librarians is that they have what they call a “home blindness” concerning the classification systems. This statement is made referring to the fact that librarians work within these systems day by day and easily forgets to reflect on the difficulties that a first-time user might face as they try to understand the systems.

I takt med att byggsektorn övergår till digital informationsmodellering av sina projekt ökar även behovet för att samordna och effektivisera hanteringen av denna information. Ett gemensamt språk i form av ett branschgemensamt klassifikationssystem kan leda till miljardbesparingar. Inom kalkyleringen är det viktigt att rätt informationshantering sker för att bidra till att en så noggrann kalkyl som möjligt kan utföras. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur de tre olika systemen, BSAB 83, BSAB 96 och CoClass, skiljer sig och ställa de i kontrast mot varandra för att påvisa dessa skillnader. Målet är att studien skall kunna ligga till grund för hur ÅF kan skapa kalkyler klassade enligt CoClass. För att uppnå rapportens syfte och besvara frågeställningar har granskningen bestått av litteraturstudier, intervjuer, en komparativ studie och en fallstudie. Dessa metoder har bidragit i sin tur att resultatet av studien visade att ÅF skulle kunna övergå till CoClass på ett effektivt sätt. Vid jämförelsen mellan systemen har det visat sig att CoClass är ett mer omfattande och ett heltäckande system som struktureras på ett annat vis i motsats till de tidigare klassifikationssystemen. Med hänsyn till studiens resultat kan en kalkylstruktur enligt CoClass implementeras i ÅF:s nuvarande arbetssätt, där färdiga recept för byggdelar fortfarande kan användas. Rekommendationen är att betrakta komponent-tabellen som likvärdig till produktionsresultatet vid kalkylarbete med CoClass struktur i MAP. Detta hade i det långa loppet varit en sund strategi, både ekonomiskt men främst tidsmässigt. As the construction industry shifts to digital information modeling of its projects, the need to coordinate and improve the efficiency of the management of this information increases. A common language in the form of an industry-wide classification system could lead to billions in savings annually. In the calculation, it is important that the correct information management is included in order to provide the most accurate calculation possible. The aim of this study is to examine how the three different systems, BSAB 83, BSAB 96 and CoClass, differ and stand in contrast to each other to highlight and demonstrate such differences. The purpose of the study is that it should be used as a basis for how ÅF can create classified calculations with CoClass. To achieve the aim of the report and answer the research questions, the examination consisted of literature studies, interviews, a comparative study and a case study. These methods contributed to the following result: ÅF could effectively transfer to the CoClass system. When comparing the systems, it has been shown that CoClass is a more extensive and comprehensive system structured in a different way as opposed to the previous classification systems. Based on the results of the study, a calculation structure according to CoClass can be implemented in ÅF's current working methods, where ready-made recipe for building components can still be used. The recommendation is to consider the component table as equivalent to the production result in the calculation work with CoClass structure in the MAP. In the long run, this would have been an efficient strategy, both economically and primarily less time-consuming.

In November 2008 the National Library of Swedendecided to switch classification system from SAB toDewey decimalclassification (DDC). SAB had untilthen been the main classification system in the wholeof the Swedish library field for 87 years. The decisionwas not limited to the national bibliography but alsoapplied to the research libraries of Sweden. Thisprocess developed according to the West Europeantendency to change in favor of the internationally wellspreadclassification system Dewey for more cooperationin the cataloguing process. The public libraries wassimultaneously recommended by SverigesBiblitoteksförening to switch from SAB to DDC in orderto create a uniform classification system for all Swedishlibraries. The purpose of this thesis is to examine howlibrary staff at two Swedish public libraries has beenaffected before, during and after the transition. To do so atheory on organizational change by Nadler and Tushman(1990, p. 80), have been applied. The theory is based ontwo different dichotomies divided into two dimensions;strategic versus incremental change and reactive inopposition to anticipatory change. The method used inthe study are semi qualitative interviews with four andfive informants respectively from two public libraries.Findings show that the transition to Dewey was reactive.According to my informants no larger change for theorganization took place.

In November 2008 the National Library of Sweden decidedto switch classification system from SAB to Dewey decimalclassification. SAB had then been the main classificationsystem in the whole of the Swedish library field for 87 years.Included into the decision was not just the nationalbibliography but also the research libraries of Sweden. Thisdecision was in alignment with a West European tendency tochange in favor of the internationally well-spreadclassification system Dewey in order to co-operate more inthe cataloguing process. The purpose of this study takenplace in the autumn and winter of 2013 is to examine howlibrarians involved in the transition feel about what differentways the implementation has affected the research libraryorganizations. We also aim to study the librarians’ view onthe involvement of the research libraries into the decision ofthe changeover. In order to do so we apply a theory onorganizational change by Nadler and Tushman (1990, p. 80)that deals with two different dichotomies appropriate to ourstudy; strategic versus incremental change and reactive inopposition to anticipatory change. When these dimensionscome together into a typology we can describe change astuning, adaption, re-orientation or re-creation. The methodwe are using is semi qualitative interviews with fourinformants respectively from two Swedish research libraries.Our findings are that the transition to Dewey merely meantchange as tuning; an incremental and anticipatory transition.No larger organizational change took place according to ourinformants. Program: Bibliotekarie

Vad denna utvärdering försökt få svar på är hur tillgängligheten för HBT-litteratur ser ut i de system som används hos privata och offentliga aktörer – internetbokhandlar och bibliotekskataloger tillgängliga via internet. Detta medförde ett antal mer praktiskta underliggande frågor om hur trädstrukturen är designad, vilket typ av språk som används och hur lätt det är att förstå, huruvida det finns särskilda kategorier för litteratur med HBT-innehåll och huruvida det finns direktlänkar mellan litteratur med HBT- innehåll. De system som testades var internetbokhandlarna Amazon (både den amerikanska versionen och det brittiska dotterbolaget), The Book Depository och Adlibris samt de klassificeringssystem som används av nationalbiblioteken i de länder där dessa bokhandlar har sitt säte (USA, Storbritannien och Sverige): Library of Congress Classification, Dewey Decimal Classification och Klassifikationssystem för svenska bibliotek. Två av bibliotekssystemen (LC och DDC) hade inte en trädstruktur som var tillgänglig för kunderna att se och navigera igenom, medan den tredje (SAB) erbjöd en struktur med både klassifikationskoden och svenska ord, även om det inte var optimalt konstruerade kategorier och förgreningar. Ingen av dem hade gott om länkar, om ens några, till annan litteratur med liknande innehåll. Internetbokhandlarna hade välutvecklade men inte för specifika trädstrukturer med lättförstådda namn och gott om länkar till annan litteratur. Två av dem (The Book Depository och Adlibris) hade inga huvudkategorier tillägnade HBT-material vilket däremot Amazon UK och Amazon US hade. Alla bibliotekssystemen skulle behöva omarbetas för att tillgängligheten för litteratur, och i synnerhet HBT-litteratur som var fokus i denna utvärdering, ska bli god. Library of Congress och British Library skulle behöva upprätta trädstrukturer för kunderna att använda sig av och alla tre behöver se till att en kategori där all HBT- litteratur samlas finns på den högsta nivån. Internetbokhandlarna å andra sidan behöver inte göra mycket för att tillgängligheten i deras system ska bli god: Adlibris och The Book Depository behöver precis som bibliotekssystemen upprätta en HBT-kategori i trädstrukturen men i övrigt är de privata aktörerna fullt godkända. De båda Amazon- filialerna var de aktörer visade sig ha den bästa tillgängligheten av alla. What this investigation has tried to find out is how easily availabie LGBT literature is in the systems that are used by private companies and the public sector - online book shops and library catalogues available online (OPACs). This entailed a number of more practical underlying factors regarding the design of the tree structure, what kind of language is used and how easy it is to understand, whether or not there are special categories for LGBT-related literature and whether or not there are direct links between literature with LGBT content. The systems investigated were the online book shops Amazon (both the American version and the British subsidiary), The Book Depository and Adlibris along with the classification systems used by the national libraries in the countries where these book shops reside (the US, the UK and Sweden): Library of Congress Classification (LC), Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) and Klassifikationssystem för svenska bibliotek (SAB). Two of the library systems (LC and DDC) did not have a tree structure available for the customers to see and navigate through, while the third one (SAB) offered a structure with both the classification code and Swedish words explaining what the codes meant, even if the categories and subdivisions were not optimally constructed. None of them had very many links to other literature. Two of them (The Book Depository and Adlibris) did not have main categories specifically for LGBT content which both Amazon US and Amazon UK did. All the library systems could use a revision to ensure that literature, and particularly LGBT literature as that was the focal point of this investigation, is easily available. The Library of Congress and the British Library need to establish a tree structure their clients could use and all three need to make sure they have a category where LGBT literature is collected and available at the root. The online book shops on the other hand do not need to do much to improve the availability of their systems: like the library systems, Adlibris and The Book Shop need to create a category of LGBT literature in the tree structure but besides that the private companies pass with credit. The systems used by the Amazon branches proved to have the greatest availability of all the systems investigated.

This master thesis concerns the relationship the librarianhas to the libraries classification system. The system itselfis made by librarians for librarians and is only used bylibrarians. This raises the question of how the librariansrelate to their own system to create order. The empiricalmaterial consists of five in-depth interviews with librarians.Two theoretical approaches were used in the analysis of thematerial with one focus on the librarian’s professional rolland the other on the postmodern theories about humansneed for order. The results point towards that not alllibrarians see the classifications system as a part of theirown profession. Certain diversity can be seen between thelibrarians opinion in the mater of the classificationssystems importance in their professional role. Thelibrarians agree however that the order in the library musthowever be maintained. The librarians agree that as long asthere are needs of arranging the physical mediums of alibrary the classification system will remain. Program: Bibliotekarie

This thesis deals with the goods classification of the Nordic alcoholmonopolies, viz. Alko in Finland, Rúsdrekkasøla Landsins in the FaroeIslands, Systembolaget in Sweden, Vínbúðin in Iceland, andVinmonopolet in Norway. The focus of the study is the web pages of thecompanies (as they appeared April 10th 2011) and the printed pricecatalogue of Alko, from which information on class division has beenexcerpted. The emphasis lies on the division into product groups and theinformation about origin. Within these facets, which partly overlap insome of the classification systems, the principles of division and thehierarchical relations between classes are studied. The systems havedifferent degrees of specificity and many external dissimilarities, but theyare all based on the same principles of division, which could be calledproduction method, raw material, origin, and alcohol content. In generalthe systems are hierarchically well constructed, but some deviations occur,which might affect the information retrieval negatively. The studyconcludes with suggestions on how the companies could improve theirclassification systems. These suggestions are summarised company bycompany at the end of the essay. Program: Bibliotekarie

The SAB-system (Klassifikationssystem för svenska bibliotek) was created almost a hundred years ago and has often been viewed as insufficient among many academic libraries. KB (Kungliga Biblioteket) has therefore decided to change to DDC (Dewey Decimal Classification) which means that the Swedish libraries are now facing a challenge that involves a change to a new classification system. This is a comparable situation that occured when the SAB-system was created. The aim of this Master’s thesis is to examine the Swedish library sector´s approach to a new classification system, first to the SAB-system and then to DDC. The Swedish library sector is demarcated into four groups. The character of the discussion, approaches and discourses within the discussions and the consequences of the approaches will be examined. Discourse analysis serves as theory and method. Laclau’s and Mouffe’s discourse theory is used together with Neumann´s three step model to analyze the research material that consists of different types of documents. The analysis shows three discourses in the material about the switch to DDC: the rational discourse, the economic discourse and the instrumental discourse. Three discourses were also found in the material about the switch to the SAB-system: quality discourse, the national discourse and the rational discourse. Five approaches are identified within these discourses: the uncritical approach, the national approach, the rational approach, the economic approach and the instrumental approach.

Ett antal bibliotek i Sverige, med Kungliga biblioteket i spetsen, har tagit beslut att byta klassifikationssystem från SAB-systemet till Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Den aspekt på denna övergång som utreds här är att ur ett användarperspektiv utvärdera Kungliga bibliotekets förslag på hylluppställningar som biblioteken kan använda sig av vid en övergång till DDC. Först jämför jag hur SAB och DDC:s huvudklasser skiljer sig åt och därefter diskuterar jag de olika hylluppställningarna ur ett användarperspektiv. SAB-systemet har 25 huvudklasser och DDC endast tio. Detta innebär att SAB-systemet har mer utkristalliserade ämnen i sina huvudklasser, medan DDC behandlar fler ämnen i varje huvudklass. SAB-systemet har fokus på humanistiska ämnen, medan naturvetenskapliga ämnen hamnar längre ned i systemet. DDC är mer sammansatt och inte lika tydligt humanistisk i sin uppbyggnad. De naturvetenskapliga ämnena prioriteras högre i DDC. De hylluppställningsförslag som är aktuella och som diskuteras bland biblioteken är ren DDC-uppställning, bruten hylluppställning, blandad hylluppställning eller behålla befintliga system. Förslaget att införa ren DDC-uppställning innebär att all litteratur måste omklassificeras enligt DDC. Bruten hylluppställning innebär att den äldre litteraturen får stå kvar med samma hylluppställning som tidigare medan den nya litteraturen ställs upp enligt DDC. Blandad uppställning innebär att alla böcker ställs tillsammans på hyllorna, men den äldre litteraturen omklassificeras inte utan får behålla samma koder som tidigare. Att behålla samma hylluppställningssystem som tidigare eller använda sig av något helt annat system är också ett alternativ. Detta förslag innebär dock att klassificeringen av bibliotekens material inte kommer att ha något att göra med hylluppställningen och i och med det uppkommer en annan fråga; finns det någon mening att använda sig av ett klassifikationssystem som sedan inte kommer att användas vid uppställningen av bibliotekets material? Utifrån dessa förslag på hylluppställningar som kungliga biblioteket presenterar så är det mest användarvänliga att ha samma hylluppställning som klassifikationssystem. Men detta innebär också mest jobb för biblioteken och det förslag som istället diskuteras flitigast är blandad uppställning. Det förslaget kan ses som den gyllene medelvägen för både låntagare och bibliotek. Låntagarna får de böcker som behandlar samma ämne samlade på samma ställe vilket ger en bra översikt i hyllan och dessutom sparar detta förslag tid för biblioteken i arbetet med övergången till DDC. Det mest användarvänliga på sikt är dock en total övergång till DDC-hylluppställning.

The purpose of this Master's thesis is to determine which of the three general classification schemes, DDC, SAB, and UDC is the most appropriate for classifying music documents. This is done by analysing and classifying 60 music documents such as recordings, scores and books about music. The codes resulting from the classification are analysed according to a number of evaluation criteria based on classification theory. The criteria focus on the systems specificity, exhaustivity, exclusivity, helpful sequence, hospitality, notation and that related classes are kept together. The study showed that the systems specificity in classification was of great importance in classifying music documents because of the diversity of music genres. SAB showed the best results in this respect, but the study also showed that DDC might become the best system for music classification in the future. The reasons for this are that DDC keeps related classes together, has a hospitable and easily readable notation, good exhaustivity and a helpful sequence. UDC and SAB have some of these benefits but do not match DDC. However, DDC needs a revision and an extension of the pop- and rock music section for better specificity. Uppsatsnivå: D

This study deals with knowledge organization of feminist research, in bibliographic catalogues and in a Swedish context. The thesis develops a definition of feminist discourse which incorporates but is not limited to feminist research. Feminist research, in turn, is understood as articulating a critical approach aimed at critiquing and changing inequitable gender relations. The thesis analyzes the meaning of a range of feminist perspectives through a close text analysis of feminist PhD-dissertations. Two universal knowledge organization systems: Svenska ämnesord and Klassifikationssystem för svenska bibliotek; and one subject-specific system: Kvinnohistoriska samlingarnas ämnesord, are studied in order to discuss the extent to which they are able to articulate feminist perspectives, as well as how they actually articulate such perspectives in practice. The two universal systems studied tend to marginalize feminist perspectives as forms of knowledge. This thesis interprets this marginalization in the light of these systems’ putative objectivistic and universalistic epistemology and ontology. It is suggested that they privilege disciplinary knowledge over interdisciplinary knowledge forms, and substantive topics over conceptual perspectives. Guidelines for knowledge organizatory practice tend to encourage indexers and classifiers to search for central substantive themes. In this schema, feminism is understood as a field relating to socio-political women’s issues. Feminist knowledge qua knowledge is marginalized by the systems studied, and is at times given a plain wrong classifycation. further, this thesis suggests that the subject-specific knowledge organization system studied: Kvinnohistoriska samlingarnas ämnesord, is only able to deal with feminist research in an incomplete and inadequate way. Although this index is designed to classify texts within the broad subject field of: women’s studies, masculinity studies and gender research, as well as other material relevant to the field, the structure of the index is too simple and does not allow for associative relationships between terms; nor does it define feminist discourse. The premises and guidelines for knowledge organization practice are also under-developed or not well defined. Successful organization of feminist knowledge needs instead to be based on a particular understanding of knowledge and knowledge organization as contextually shaped (and shaping). Feminist literature is first and foremost about expressing feminist discourse qua theme, perspective, and part of the feminist tradition (such as critical, women-centring, and reflexive feminisms) – an observation that needs to be reflected in the knowledge organization.

The aim of this thesis is to compare two different classification schemes with each other and see what the differences and similarities are when classifying literature concerning film and television. One of the schemes is of general kind, Klassifikationssystem för svenska bibliotek (SAB) and the other is a special system, FIAF Classification scheme for literature on film and television. The focus of the examination is on comparing the structure, contents and division of firstly the main classes and secondly on comparing the notation and the auxiliary tables in the schemes. The theoretical framework of the comparison is based upon theory of classification but the conclusions drawn are though mostly of a more subjective character. In addition to the comparison itself interviews have been made with four libraries, two with experiences of SAB and two with experiences of FIAF. The results of the study showed that the special system had a better breadth overall and that the possibilities for better specificity were much greater with that system, as expected. When comparing the overall structure of the schemes and how the classes were divided, the differences were negligible. The comparison of notation showed that the notation of the universal system was generally shorter and that the elements within it could be more easily distinguished. With the help of its auxiliary tables, the universal system turned out to make use of its resources in an even better way than expected. The interviews showed that both classification schemes were suitable in each organization. Uppsatsnivå: D