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Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic melanoma and other advanced malignancies. Cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and endocrine (thyroid) irAEs are most prevalent, whereas neurologic irAEs are rare. We present a 73-year-old man with dementia and metastatic melanoma who developed immunotherapy-associated encephalitis and subsequently, interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with nivolumab/ipilimumab. High-dose corticosteroids successfully treated both conditions, though he never regained his baseline mental status. We review the literature on interstitial granulomatous dermatitis and encephalitis with immunotherapy.

Marchiafava-Bignami Disease (MBD) is a rare central nervous system (CNS) disease characterized by demyelination of the corpus callosum. It is mostly found in men with alcohol use disorder and malnutrition with cases reported worldwide across all races. The onset of the disease may be sudden presenting with stupor, coma or seizures while some may present with gait abnormality (spasticity), psychiatric problems, hemiparesis, aphasia, apraxia and incontinence with a resultant high morbidity and mortality rates. Case description: patient is a 30 year old left handed African-American, who presented with c/o altered mental status, urinary incontinence, slurred speech and left-sided weakness. The diagnosis of MBD was confirmed with DTI Tractography which showed significantly diminished commissural fibers extending to the right central semiovale lesion, near absent or significantly diminished commissural fiber extending through the corpus callosum indicating demyelination. Discussion: MBD is often an incidental diagnosis with high morbidity and mortality. This is different from previous casas because of earlier onset as opposed to onset around age 45, rapid recovery and minimal disability as he could walk independently before discharge from hospital. This case also shows added benefit of the DTI tractography in the diagnosis of MBD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: This study is aimed at facilitating clinician understanding of factors associated with postbariatric surgery neuropathic pain (PBSNP) and discussing the evidence base for management options., Design: A case report and systematic literature review., Methods: A search was conducted of PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Psych Info, and Cochrane Database of Reviews for articles published between 1985 and 2013 on neuropathy, pain, and pharmacokinetics associated with postbariatric surgery., Results: The epidemiology of PBSNP has not been well established, and current therapeutic options are not evidence based. Available data indicate up to 33% incidence of pain in patients with neuropathy after bariatric surgery, resulting in significant decreases in quality of life and increases in health care costs. Pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying PBSNP are unclear, and the natural course is variable, with some patients experiencing spontaneous improvement when nutritional deficiency is identified and corrected. Early identification of nutritional deficiency along with glycemic and lipid control may prevent or partially reverse postsurgical neuropathy and modulate PBSNP., Conclusions: A better understanding of the peripheral and central mechanisms resulting in PBSNP is likely to promote the development of targeted and effective treatments., (Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)