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13 results on '"Kleiman, Rachel"'

7. CHARACTERIZING AND MANAGING WEATHER-RELATED FINANCIAL RISK IN ALGAL BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

Author

Kleiman, Rachel Miller

Abstract

Algal biofuels are a low-carbon alternative to conventional fossil fuels with advantages over crop-based biofuels, including higher areal fuel yield, an ability to recycle inputs (e.g., nutrients), and a range of associated high value co-products (e.g., bulk chemicals, food products, nutraceuticals). Previous techno-economic analyses show potential for algal biofuels to reach cost-competitive levels if a series of technological improvements are achieved. Most previous research, however, does not consider the potential impact of time-dynamic (seasonal and year-to-year) uncertainty of weather factors, such as solar irradiance and temperature, on biomass productivity. This study involves modeling the influence of unexpected weather deviations on algae production and the resulting variability in project revenues. This financial risk has not yet been quantified for algal biorefineries, nor have risk management strategies been explored. An index insurance tool with payouts triggered jointly by weather metrics and market prices is shown to effectively reduce revenue shortfalls and variability.

Published
2020
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8. Water Quality Degradation and Management Strategies for Swine and Rice Farming Wastewater in the Tha Chin River Basin.

Author

Henderson, Abigail, Kleiman, Rachel, Adington, Kevin, Nilsalab, Pariyapat, Garivait, Savitri, Kamens, Richard M., and Gheewala, Shabbir H.

Subjects
*WATER quality, *WATER management, *AGRICULTURAL wastes, *BIOCHEMICAL oxygen demand, *ENVIRONMENTAL law
Abstract

Water quality in the Tha Chin River regularly exceeds biological oxygen demand (BOD) standards of Thailand's Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act. This study quantified the BOD loading from rice cultivation and swine farming to the Tha Chin River using effluent data and procedures from the Pollution Control Department (PCD), geospatial land-use maps from the Land Development Department, and water quality data from the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment. It was determined that the BOD loading was 12 tons/day from swine farming in 2015 and 52 tons/day, on average, from rice farming between 2002 and 2011. Technology-specific, community-scale wastewater management strategies were recommended for both industries: feasibility studies revealed 66 potential sites for constructed wetland implementation and 7 subdistricts suitable for biogas network pipelines. It was determined that if these projects are implemented in conjunction, the BOD would be reduced by 6% (0.3 mg/L) in the entire river or 11% (0.5 mg/L) at the three water quality monitoring stations proximate to swine farms. These reductions would have a substantial effect on the water quality of the Tha Chin River, and governmental agencies such as the PCD should strongly consider subsidization and implementation of these projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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10. Stress Ulcers: Current Understanding of Pathogenesis and Prophylaxis

Author

Kleiman, Rachel L., Adair, Colin G., and Ephgrave, Kimberly S.

Abstract

Stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding is known to occur in approximately 25 percent of untreated seriously ill patients, but with appropriate prophylaxis is largely preventable. Since the treatment of stress bleeding is generally unsatisfactory and has a high mortality, routine prophylaxis should be instituted for susceptible patients. Multiple mechanisms contribute to stress ulcer formation, the most important of which appear to be mucosal ischemia and the inability to control back-diffused hydrogen. Antacids and histamine2-blocking agents are presently the cornerstone of effective prophylaxis, but because they have been implicated as contributors to nosocomial pneumonias due to bacterial overgrowth in the stomach, investigation is ongoing into such alternative prophylactic agents as sucralfate and prostaglandins that do not alter the normal gastric acidity. This article presents a review of the literature on the development and prevention of stress ulcer disease.

Published
1988
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11. PCA VS. REGULAR IM INJECTIONS FOR SEVERE POSTOP PAIN

Author

KLEIMAN, RACHEL L., primary, LIPMAN, ARTHUR G., additional, HARE, BRADFORD D., additional, MACDONALD, SUE D., additional, Kleiman, Rachel L., additional, Lipman, Arthur G., additional, Hare, Bradford D., additional, and MacDonald, Sue D., additional

Published
1987
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