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Background: Due to the emerging global interest in Open Government Data, research papers on various topics in this area have increased. Objectives: This paper aims to categorise Open government data research. Methods/Approach: A literature review was conducted to provide a complete overview and classification of open government data research. Hierarchical clustering, a cluster analysis method, was used, and a hierarchy of clusters on selected data sets emerged. Results: The results of this study suggest that there are two distinct clusters of research, which either focus on government perspectives and policies on OGD, initiatives, and portals or focus on regional studies, adoption of OGD, platforms, and barriers to implementation. Further findings suggest that research gaps could be segmented into many thematic areas, focusing on success factors, best practices, the impact of open government data, barriers/challenges in implementing open government data, etc. Conclusions: The extension of the paper, which was first presented at the Entrenova conference, provides a comprehensive overview of research to date on the implementation of OGD and points out that this topic has already received research attention, which focuses on specific segments of the phenomenon and signifies in which direction new research should be made.

Digital maturity indicates the degree of ability to take advantage of the opportunities offered by digital technologies. By measuring digital maturity, we can gain insight into the state of an individual company, as well as insight into the state of a number of companies, which allows companies and support institutions to take more appropriate actions in the digital transformation process. In this paper, we present a model for assessing the digital maturity level of small and medium-sized enterprises in Slovenia. We focus on the application of the model in practice and analyse the results of the assessment of the digital maturity level of 613 small and medium-sized enterprises. The results of the application have shown that the digital maturity assessment model has a high utility value in assessing an individual company, in gaining insight into the state of digitalization of a group of companies and in assessing the impact of measures to promote digitalization of small and medium enterprises. Andreja Pucihar, Mirjana Kljajić Borštnar Refereed/Peer-reviewed Version of record

IDIMT-2022 Digitalization of society, business and management in a pandemic; 30th Interdisciplinary Information Management Talk / Chroust, Gerhard ; Doucek, Petr ; Oškrdal, Václav, page 43-50, Digital maturity indicates the degree of ability to take advantage of the opportunities offered by digital technologies. By measuring digital maturity, we can gain insight into the state of an individual company, as well as insight into the state of a number of companies, which allows companies and support institutions to take more appropriate actions in the digital transformation process. In this paper, we present a model for assessing the digital maturity level of small and medium-sized enterprises in Slovenia. We focus on the application of the model in practice and analyse the results of the assessment of the digital maturity level of 613 small and medium-sized enterprises. The results of the application have shown that the digital maturity assessment model has a high utility value in assessing an individual company, in gaining insight into the state of digitalization of a group of companies and in assessing the impact of measures to promote digitalization of small and medium enterprises.

In this paper we analyse Business Model Innovation (BMI) in European micro, small and medium sized enterprises (SME). We present descriptive findings from our quantitative survey and qualitative case survey on how SMEs are innovating their Business Models. Our survey indicates that 37% of European SMEs innovate their Business Model. We found some differences in BMI depending on the age and industry sectors. We also describe the changes the SMEs make in differing Business Model components when they are improving their Business Model.

Within groups that are starting a healthy lifestyle intervention together, there is potential for social e-support, as an addition to individual coaching. However, the support technology should be low-tech, low-threshold and preferably already omnipresent. A WhatsApp group was chosen as support tool, given the large variety of groups normally coached: from elderly, IT-phobic diabetics to highly educated young professionals.In this explorative pilot study, 11 young professionals volunteered. Despite their time-constrained schedules, 81 user inputs were generated in the first weeks, and the users valued the WhatsApp group as an attractive social support addition to the existing eTools and personal coaching which have a more functional focus on individual progress. Based on preliminary results: a) the WhatsApp group generated higher participation than most other social media, b) deploying social media use motives, c) possibly due to the relatively high ‘presence’ and ‘engagement’ attributes of WhatsApp, and d) contributing to healthy behaviours and health advocacy.

Disruptive technologies drive enterprises to rethink how to create and capture value by revising their business models (BM). Even in cases that the need for BM innovation is clear, how entrepreneurs can do it and what they need to be changed it is not always obvious. That leads to the need for BM exploration. BM tooling can support this process, however, existing BM tools are not widely focused on the BM exploration. In previous steps of our research, we designed and developed a digital tooling for BM exploration. This RiP paper presents the experimental design we plan to use to evaluate the effects of the tooling on the BM exploration. Initial results and future steps are discussed. We expect to contribute to the BM literature by understanding what features of BM tooling contribute to BM exploration.

Exchanging health information and data is considered to be critical for modern hospital operations. Research shows that exchanging, e.g., laboratory results, clinical summaries, and medication lists, across the boundaries of hospitals, will improve the efficiency, quality, costeffectiveness, and even safety of healthcare practices. However, views and strategies differ on how hospitals can facilitate or enable this exchange process, given the high dynamics of technology and IT developments. We explore a hypothesized relationship between a flexible collaboration infrastructure and health information and data exchange. This study builds on the resource-based view of the firm and subsequently tests two hypotheses using PLS-SEM analysis on a sample of 983 European hospitals. We find that there is a significant positive relationship between flexible collaboration infrastructures and health information and data exchange. Hospitals’ security measures to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data conditions this relationship.

Business model (BM) innovation is vital for today’s businesses. However, BM innovations can be irreversible, and therefore, in comparison to product, service or process innovation, entail bigger risk and ambiguity. Understanding the way in which BM innovation exerts influences over firm’s performance would help business-owners to be more effective. Based on a systematic literature review, a model to examine how BMI impacts firm performance through mediating and moderating factors was developed. Based on in-depth analysis of 37 articles, we identified twenty moderating factors classified in four groups, i.e., Firm-Characteristics, Industry-Characteristics, BM Implementation, and BM Practices, and ten mediating factors, categorized in three sub-groups, i.e., Revenue Growth, Efficiency Growth, and Enhancing the Organizational Capabilities. This paper offers the grounding for empirical research as well contribute to the development of tools to assess the effectiveness of the BMI.

Background: The problems of resources management (human, financial, time) in multi-project companies are inherently complex and need to be addressed systematically, in both small and large organizations. Furthermore, there is a need for transparent communication and collaboration within the organization as well as with partnering organizations. There are many methodologies and tools supporting project management, which are themselves complex and are therefore not widely adopted, especially among small companies. Objectives: The aim of this paper is to analyse impact of the implementation of a flexible cloud-based project management information system (PMIS) from the human resources, financial management, and collaboration points of view. Method: We have conducted a case study in a small Slovenian research and development company, that has implemented the 4PM PMIS. Results: The findings imply the importance of keeping the balance of the creative processes that are unstructured, rule free and even chaotic, with structured processes monitor and control. Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that the use of “4PM” in support of multi-project management improves human resources and financial management in a collaborative and transparent way when implemented in an open and highly motivated environment Ozadje: Problemi upravljanja virov kadrov, financ in časa v večprojektni organizaciji so po naravi kompleksni, zato jih moramo obravnavati celovito tako v velikih, kot manjših organizacijah. Pri tem je potrebno zagotoviti odprto komunikacijo med zaposlenimi in med partnerskimi organizacijami. Obstaja več metodologij in orodij za podporo projektnemu delu, vendar so slabo sprejete, predvsem v manjših organizacijah. Razlogi ležijo v prekompleksnosti metod in njihovi naravnanosti na vidik enega projekta. Cilji: Cilj tega prispevka je analizirati vpliv uvedbe prilagodljivega spletnega informacijskega sistema za projektni management z vidika kadrovskega in finančnega managementa ter sodelovanja. Metode: V ta namen smo izvedli študijo primera v manjšem slovenskem raziskovalno-razvojnem podjetju, ki je uvedlo spletno rešitev za večprojektno vodenje 4PM. Rezultati: Rezultati poudarjajo pomembnost ohranjanja ravnovesja med nestrukturiranim kreativnim procesom, ki poteka brez pravil in celo kaotično, in potrebo po strukturiranemu spremljanju in kontroli projektov.Zaključki: Rezultati študije nakazujejo, da uporaba rešitve 4PM učinkovito podpira upravljanje več-projektne organizacije, pozitivno vpliva na zadovoljstvo in sodelovanje zaposlenih ter omogoča preglednejše vodenje financ.

Purpose of the study is to compare two different approaches to the collaborative problem solving one in a highly controlled laboratory experiment: Optimisation of business politics using business simulator at different experimental condition which reflect different feedback information structure and one in a collaborative environment of the social media, characterised by non-structured, rule-free and even chaotic feedback information. Comparative analyses of participant’s opinion who participate in experiments have been considered in order to find common characteristics relevant for group/collaborative problem solving. Based on these findings a general explanatory causal loop model of collaborative learning during problem solving was built. Namen raziskave je primerjati različna pristopa k skupinskemu reševanju problemov, enega v strogo nadzorovanem laboratorijskem posksu (optimizacija poslovne strategije z uporabo poslovnega simulatorja pri različnih poskusnih pogojih) ter durgega v sodelovalnem okolju družabnih omrežij, za katerega sta značilna odsotnost pravil ter nestrukturirana povratna informacija. Primerjalna analiza mnenj udeležencev, ki so sodelovali v obeh poskusih, je bila opravljena z namenom identifikacije splošnih značilnosti, ki vplivajo na sodelovalno reševanje problemov. Na podlagi izsledkov primerjalne analize smo razvili splošen vzročno posledični model, ki pojasnjuje sodelovalno učenje v procesu reševanja problema.

Although omnichannel retailing has emerged as a popular research topic in academic research, there are still gaps in our understanding of this phenomenon. One such gap concerns omnichannel customer experience and particularly the cross-channel or spillover effects of how customer experience in one channel may affect customer behaviour not only in that specific channel but also in the other channels of the same retailer. In this study, we aim to address this gap by examining how customer experience in the offline channel affects customer behaviour in both the offline and the online channel, more specifically how in-store customer experience affects both brick-and-mortar store and online store visit intention. The study is conducted by using survey data from the customers of a Finnish fashion retailer on their recent brick-and-mortar store visit. We find that in-store customer experience does indeed positively affect not only brick-and-mortar store but also online store visit intention peerReviewed

The objective of this qualitative study is to examine and describe what prevents consumers from making responsible online purchases. The data were collected during February and March 2023 with an online survey. The data comprises the respondents' (N=245) free-form written responses, in which they articulated and explained the factors that prevent their responsible online purchases. The findings indicate that external and internal factors can prevent consumers' responsible online purchases. While external factors – online stores – are mainly blamed for promoting irresponsible buying behavior, internal factors –consumers' individual characteristics – are also recognized to have an important role in irresponsible purchasing behavior. The external factors identified in this study include 1) pricing, 2) information, and 3) availability. The internal factors include 1) self-indulgence and 2) trust peerReviewed

Although responsible consumption has been the target of growing interest in academic research, the antecedents of responsible online shopping remain poorly understood. In this study, we address this gap in prior research by focusing on the role of anticipated guilt in explaining responsible online shopping. By using data from 479 Finnish consumers, we aim to answer two research questions: (1) how strong an antecedent of responsible online shopping intention is anticipated guilt in relation to other potential antecedents and (2) how efficiently can consumers regulate their resulting feelings of guilt by using different kinds of neutralisation techniques? We find anticipated guilt to be a strong antecedent of responsible online shopping intention and the denial of responsibility, the denial of injury, and the appeal to higher loyalties to be the most efficient neutralisation techniques for consumers to regulate their feelings of guilt that result from not engaging in responsible online shopping. peerReviewed

Loot boxes are popular random reward mechanisms in digital games, attracting players to invest real money to enhance their gaming experiences. Loot boxes share striking similarities to gambling and might contribute to one’s economic strain, but more research is needed on the underlying vulnerabilities and motivational traits in loot box purchasing. This paper examines associations with self-reported increase in loot box purchasing and debt problems during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. International survey data were collected in 2021, consisting of Finnish, Swedish, and British respondents (N = 2,991) aged 18 to 75. Partial least squares modeling was used as an analytical technique. The findings bring valuable insight into the underlying psychosocial and motivational factors in loot box purchasing and its association with indebtedness. peerReviewed

In this qualitative study, we investigate how customers perceive QR codes enhancing their customer experience (CX) in the brick-and-mortar (B&M) store environment. Introducing QR codes to B&M stores is a part of the larger phenomenon of retailers creating omnichannel CXs by utilizing digital and cyber-physical elements in B&M stores. To collect data from real customers’ CXs, we displayed QR codes in a Finnish fashion brand’s B&M store and interviewed customers who had authentically visited the store. The QR codes displayed in the store were linked to a product information page on the brand’s online store, a brand ambassador’s Instagram posts, and an online survey. The data consist of 15 individual semi-structured thematic interviews of customers aged under 50 years. By conducting qualitative content analysis, we found six main advantages (i.e., interestingness, informativeness, usability, attractiveness, interaction, and innovativeness) and 14 subgroups of QR codes’ advantages in enhancing the CX. peerReviewed

COVID-19 influenced peoples lives enormously and its impact was also seen in physical activity and exercising. This mixed methods intervention study highlights some of the impact the pandemic had on the physical activity and exercising behaviors of 10 Japanese information systems employees and students. This study also focuses on the influence that using sport and wellness technology digital coaching had on peoples’ physical activity, exercise motivation and exercise self-efficacy during the pandemic. Based on the findings digital coaching can have motivational elements to support people towards a more physically active lifestyle for example by making users more aware of their own physical activity. However, digital coaching is not enough if users do not have initial motivation which may be understandable in the challenging times of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings highlight that digital coaching could be further developed to better support its users. This study and the results bring insight for digital coaching developers and users as well as people working in health care field. peerReviewed

This study investigates the barriers to data-driven decision-making among online retailers. The study seeks to deepen the previous knowledge by considering data-driven decision-making as a process and identifying the critical obstacles within its different (6) stages. Qualitative interview data (N=10) collected from Finnish e-commerce professionals are analyzed. The findings show that barriers to data-driven decision-making occur at all stages during the decision-making process. The barriers are mostly related to the employees’ and the management’s expertise in collecting, organizing, analyzing, summarizing, synthesizing, and prioritizing data. In addition, attitudinal, technical, and strategy-related barriers can hinder data-driven decision-making. The findings suggest that all the stages included in the data-driven decision-making process and the obstacles that prevent data-driven decision-making during the different stages should be carefully investigated and considered by online retailers. peerReviewed

This quantitative study focuses on socio-demographic variables and their associations with different forms of showrooming behavior. The purpose of this study is to find which consumer groups based on age, gender, and income level are demographically the most probable showroomers, and how much each of these variables explain showrooming. The data used is a structured online survey from 1,028 Finnish omnichannel consumers aged between 18 and 75 years. We compare the means of demographic groups’ shares on different aspects of showrooming, and then use partial least squares structural equation modeling with confirmatory factor analysis to see how much each of the variables explain showrooming. The findings show that showrooming behavior is explained most by age, and that the most probable showroomers are younger consumers, higher income consumers and female consumers. The findings also show that finding information and better prices for the products are the most typical forms of showrooming. peerReviewed