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In developed economies, macroeconomic indicators such as unemployment and price indices tend to predict new credit expansion. We explore whether business and consumer surveys complement traditional macroeconomic variables in predicting new household and corporate loans in the following 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Using monthly data for Slovakia, starting in 2009 and ending in 2019, we use Bayesian model averaging to examine 102 potential credit drivers. Our results show that, with the exception of interest rates and unemployment, traditional macroeconomic variables do not seem to drive credit market development. Instead, survey-based perceptions, calendar effects and policy uncertainty show relevant predictive power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Slovak household debt has been increasing rapidly over last two decades. Many papers suggest that excessive household debt can present a threat to financial stability and ultimately can have a negative effect on GDP growth in the medium term. Therefore, understanding the determinants of household debt is of great importance to policy makers and supervisors. The goal of this paper is to explore potential driving forces of the Slovak household debt by using quarterly data over the period from 2006 - 2018. We test the impact of nine variables (household deposit growth, interest rate on household loans, unemployment rate, gross disposable income, final consumption of households, inflation rate, GDP growth for Germany, House price index and Economic sentiment indicator) on growth of household credit-to-GDP. Our findings indicate that domestic household consumption, house prices and GDP growth for Germany are significant determinants of household debt in Slovakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overlap of NMR signals is the major cause of difficulties associated with NMR structure elucidation of molecules contained in complex mixtures. A 2D homonuclear correlation spectroscopy in particular suffers from low dispersion of 1H chemical shifts; larger dispersion of 13C chemical shifts is often used to reduce this overlap, while still providing the proton–proton correlation information e.g. in the form of a 2D 1H, 13C HSQC-TOCSY experiment. For this methodology to work, 13C chemical shift must be resolved. In case of 13C chemical shifts overlap, 1H chemical shifts can be used to achieve the desired resolution. The proposed (3, 2)D 1H, 13C BIRDr,X-HSQC-TOCSY experiment achieves this while preserving singlet character of cross peaks in the F1 dimension. The required high-resolution in the 13C dimension is thus retained, while the cross peak overlap occurring in a regular HSQC-TOCSY experiment is eliminated. The method is illustrated on the analysis of a complex carbohydrate mixture obtained by depolymerisation of a fucosylated chondroitin sulfate isolated from the body wall of the sea cucumber Holothuria forskali. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]