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Short-term traffic flow prediction is one of the most significant research topics in traffic engineering. It is instrumental in designing a more modern transport network to manage traffic signals and reduce congestion. Short-term traffic flow is a challenge that a third-world country like Bangladesh is all too familiar with. Like the other cities of Bangladesh, Khulna Metropolitan City is gradually becoming more aware of this situation. The Khulna-Jashore National Highway (N-7), which runs through the city and provides a linear shape, serves as the backbone of the Khulna Metropolitan City traffic flow. This study developed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model for the short-term Traffic Flow Prediction on Two-Lane Highway in Khulna Metropolitan City, Bangladesh. Data was collected from March 1, 2021, through June 30, 2021, during 600–900 hours and 1200–1500 hours. Good-quality electronic cameras recorded the vehicles at the full designated length. The regression graphs displayed the network outputs with targets for the training, validation, and test sets. The various speed level parameters for which the fit is reasonable for all data sets, with R values of 0.98426 in each case. The various traffic volume parameters for which the fit is reasonable for all data sets, with R values of 0.96758 in each case. The model's superiority is indicated by its low mean squared error values. This study demonstrated that the neural network has a good prediction effect on specific road traffic flow, which can achieve the goal of short-term prediction and has improved practicability through testing on real traffic data. This study provides an opportunity to provide a suitable alternative for short-term traffic flow forecasting in Khulna Metropolitan City with traffic flow conditions for two-lane undivided highways.

A comprehensive dataset on lemon leaf disease can surely bring a lot of potentials into the development of agricultural research and the improvement of disease management strategies. This dataset was developed from 1354 raw images taken with professional agricultural specialist guidance from July to September 2024 in Charpolisha, Jamalpur, and further enhanced with augmented techniques, adding 9000 images. The augmentation process involves a set of techniques-flipping, rotation, zooming, shifting, adding noise, shearing, and brightening-to increase variety for different lemon leaf condition representations. Each of these images was standardized to 800 × 800 pixels resolution, so that consistency may be maintained among the dataset. All images were labelled in the nine prefixed categories: anthracnose, bacterial blight, citrus canker, curl virus, deficiency leaf, dry leaf, healthy leaf, sooty mould, and spider mites. In the present study, a DenseNet-121 architecture was used, where 20 % of the dataset was kept for validation and the remaining 80 % for training. A trained model with a batch size of 32 was trained for 30 epochs, achieving an accuracy of 98.56 % with augmentation, and 96.19 % without it. The dataset will not only act as a benchmark in developing accurate machine learning models for early disease detection, but it will also contribute to the cause of sustainable lemon cultivation practices by facilitating timely and effective disease management interventions.

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is widely used in many cooking techniques worldwide, and it is known as the ''queen of oilseeds'' because it contains polyunsaturated lipids that prevent oxidative rancidity and carry oil content up to 60%. The salty portions of the country have much lower agricultural yields, cropping intensities, and productivity than the rest of the country. In this paper, we compared the variations of yield performance and salinity torelance between modern and local sesame varieties to select the best-performing varieties under saline conditions in the southwestern coastal region of Bangladesh. The field experiment had been performed during the Kharif-1 season (mid-March to mid-July) of 2022 ​at the BINA (Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture) substation farm, Satkhira. Four BINA varieties and two BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) varieties developed sesame varieties, and one local variety, viz. Binatil-1, Binatil-2, Binatil-3, Binatil-4, BARI Til-3, BARI Til-4 and Lal Til (Batiaghata local) were tested under saline conditions. A randomized complete block design was utilized, with three replications of each variety across the experimental field. The greatest plant height (92.00 ​cm) was found in BARI Til-3, whereas the lowest was observed in Binatil-3. BARI Til-4 had the highest number of branches per plant (4.55), whereas the lowest was found in Binatil-1. The highest number of capsules (22.22) was shown in Binatil-3, and the lowest was found in Binatil-1. The maximum number of seeds in capsule-1 (72.55) was demonstrated by Lal Til, and the minimum was observed in BARI Til-4. The Lal Til variety presented the highest seed yield (1.25 ​ha-1), whereas the Binatil-1 variety presented the lowest seed yield. These results indicate that the Lal Til variety performed better in yield. It may be cultivated in the Satkhira region under saline circumstances and used as breeding material for future breeding programs. These findings are highly important for the future of sesame cultivation in Bangladesh and other saline-prone areas.

Pesticide is one of the top chemical substances that pose a serious risk to public health. Imidacloprid (IMI) is a widely used broad-spectrum insecticide over the past decade. Here, oral IMI-contaminated green grass (at the dose rate of 100 mg/liter and sprayed) was fed to adult male rabbits (n=6), every alternate day for up to 90 days. The control rabbits (n=6) were fed pesticide-free green grass, wheat bran, and water ad libitum. For gross and histopathology, spleen, lymph nodes, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues were collected by ventromedial opening. No evident gross changes were found during the collection of the organs. Histopathologically, lymph nodes showed atrophy and degenerative lymphoid follicles. The cortex and medulla of the lymph nodes were less differentiated. The size and number of the lymphoid follicles in the cortex were also reduced in IMI-exposed rabbits. The spleen exhibited atrophic changes in the white pulps. The white pulp revealed degenerative changes with the depletion of the lymphoid tissues. As for the red pulp, it showed an irregular and depleted mesh network of reticular fibers in IMI-exposed rabbits compared to the control. The trachea and esophagus of IMI-exposed rabbits showed infiltration of the mononuclear cells in the propria-submucosa and tunica adventitia, respectively. The infiltration of mononuclear cells population was loaded in the core of the villi, tunica mucosa, and propria-submucosa of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of the IMI-exposed rabbits compared to the control. The present study findings suggest that IMI has toxic effects on the lymphoid organs and tissues of adult rabbits.

Left ventricular (LV) heart failure (HF) is a significant and increasing cause of death worldwide. HF is characterized by myocardial remodeling and excessive fibrosis. Transcriptional co-activator Yes-associated protein (Yap), the downstream effector of HIPPO signaling pathway, is an essential factor in cardiomyocyte survival; however, its status in human LV HF is not entirely elucidated. Here, we report that Yap is elevated in LV tissue of patients with HF, and is associated with down-regulation of its upstream inhibitor HIPPO component large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1) activation as well as upregulation of the fibrosis marker connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Applying the established profibrotic combined stress of TGFβ and hypoxia to human ventricular cardiac fibroblasts in vitro increased Yap protein levels, down-regulated LATS1 activation, increased cell proliferation and collagen I production, and decreased ribosomal protein S6 and S6 kinase phosphorylation, a hallmark of mTOR activation, without any significant effect on mTOR and raptor protein expression or phosphorylation of mTOR or 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1), a downstream effector of mTOR pathway. As previously reported in various cell types, TGFβ/hypoxia also enhanced cardiac fibroblast Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which was similar to our observation in LV tissues from HF patients. Further, depletion of Yap reduced TGFβ/hypoxia-induced cardiac fibroblast proliferation and Akt phosphorylation at Ser 473 and Thr308, without any significant effect on TGFβ/hypoxia-induced ERK1/2 activation or reduction in S6 and S6 kinase activities. Taken together, these data demonstrate that Yap is a mediator that promotes human cardiac fibroblast proliferation and suggest its possible contribution to remodeling of the LV, opening the door to further studies to decipher the cell-specific roles of Yap signaling in human HF.

Objective: This study sought to determine the occurrence, molecular identification, antimicrobi¬al-resistant trends, and gene distribution of Staphylococcus aureus in pet cats and their owners' hand swabs. Materials and Methods: From different places and clinics in Mymensingh and Dhaka, 168 pet cat samples and 42 hand swab samples from cat owners were obtained. The organisms were scruti¬nized by assessing the outcomes using conventional and molecular techniques. The disc diffusion technique was applied to find the resistance pattern against 12 antibiotics, and genes were dis¬covered by targeting specific genes using PCR. Results: The occurrence of pathogenic S. aureus in pet cats was 7.74%, while it was 9.50% in pet owners' hand swabs, and 25.0% of the pet owner's hand swabs contained these genes. Staphylococcus aureus was utterly resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefixime, erythromycin, and imipenem in both pet cat and hand swabs of pet owner samples. All S. aureus isolates had a multi¬drug-resistant phenotype, and 1 from pet cats (O19) and 1 from pet owner hand swabs (H9) were resistant to all 12 antibiotics in the 7 antimicrobial classes. Several antibiotic-resistance genes were detected by PCR. Conclusion: The study confirmed multidrug-resistant pathogenic S. aureus in pet cats and their owners in Bangladesh, indicating a major health risk to both people and cats. Thus, a holistic and integrated one-health approach between veterinary and medical specialists is needed to mitigate the global distribution of these zoonotic antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains.

The study was conducted for the assessment of marketing system of summer tomato in Jashore. Summer tomato had high demand and high value crop in summer season among the consumers. Data were collected from 30 randomly selected tomato farmers and 60 traders from different market of Jashore district of Bangladesh during July-October, 2019. Farmer, faria, bepari, wholesaler, commission agents and retailer were involved in marketing of summer tomato. Marketing cost of farmar, faria, bepari, wholesaler, retailer (urban) and retailer (rural) were 430.00, 691.00, 2184.00, 2443.00, 1857.00 and 1074.00 Tk ton-1, respectively. Net margin or profit of the faria, bepari, wholesaler and retailer were 1300.00, 817.00, 557.00 and 2143.00 Tk ton-1, respectively. There were seven marketing channel exist in tomato marketing. Total marketing cost of all intermediaries was 7604.00 Tk ton-1 and net margin was 4826.00 Tk ton-1. Marketing efficiency was 2.25. Price spread between consumer paid and producer received was 8000.00 Tk ton-1. On the other hand, producer share was 78 percent. Spoilage and damage, transportation and packaging were the main marketing problem of summer tomato.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, increased pulmonary artery (PA) pressure, right-heart afterload and death. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) promotes smooth muscle cell proliferation, survival, and pulmonary vascular remodeling via two functionally distinct mTOR complexes (mTORCs)-1 (supports cell growth) and -2 (promotes cell survival), and dual mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibition selectively induces pulmonary arterial hypertension PA vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis and reverses pulmonary vascular remodeling. The consequences of mTOR inhibition on right ventricle (RV) morphology and function are not known. Using SU5416/hypoxia rat model of pulmonary hypertension (PH), we report that, in contrast to activation of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 pathways in small remodeled PAs, RV tissues had predominant up-regulation of mTORC1 signaling accompanied by cardiomyocyte and RV hypertrophy, increased RV wall thickness, RV/left ventricle end-diastolic area ratio, RV contractility and afterload (arterial elastance), and shorter RV acceleration time compared with controls. Treatment with mTOR kinase inhibitor, PP242, at Weeks 6-8 after PH induction suppressed both mTORC1 and mTORC2 in small PAs, but only mTORC1 signaling in RV, preserving basal mTORC2-Akt levels. Vehicle-treated rats showed further PH and RV worsening and profound RV fibrosis. PP242 reversed pulmonary vascular remodeling and prevented neointimal occlusion of small PAs, significantly reduced PA pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, reversed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and RV remodeling, improved max RV contractility, arterial elastance, and RV acceleration time, and prevented development of RV fibrosis. Collectively, these data show a predominant role of mTORC1 versus mTORC2 in RV pathology, and suggest potential attractiveness of mTOR inhibition to simultaneously target pulmonary vascular remodeling and RV dysfunction in established PH.

The recent advancement in additive manufacturing (AM) leads to an extensive need for an industrial workforce in the near future. Workforce training in AM requires expensive capital investment for installing and maintaining this technology and proper knowledge about potential safety hazards. Traditional classroom settings often fail to bridge the critical gap between textbook learning and practical applications. Virtual reality (VR) training can simulate real‐world scenarios in a safe and controlled environment and improve student involvement to foster practical learning. In this paper, a virtual training platform for 3D printing has been developed and studied to improve AM education. The developed environment contains a selective laser sintering printer, a preparation station with necessary supplies, a control panel for process planning, and a post‐processing station. This platform provides students with excellent learning opportunities to gain hands‐on experiences and critical engineering skills on operating process parameters and safety measures. Undergraduate students majoring in industrial engineering were exposed to this learning approach to enhance their engagement and cognitive processing skills. Students' attentions were measured using eye metrics (fixation duration and preference index), and their exposure experiences were collected through the simulation sickness questionnaire, presence questionnaire, and system usability scale. Pre‐ and post‐VR training questionnaires and performance metrics (task completion time and accuracy) evaluated students' learning outcomes. Results provide valuable insights into students' attention, performance, and satisfaction with virtual training environments. Users' gaze behavior and subjective responses revealed many challenges that will help future researchers develop assistive instructions within this virtual educational platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RationaleEnhanced proliferation and impaired apoptosis of pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells (PAVSMCs) are key pathophysiologic components of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).ObjectivesTo determine the role and therapeutic relevance of HIPPO signaling in PAVSMC proliferation/apoptosis imbalance in PAH.MethodsPrimary distal PAVSMCs, lung tissue sections from unused donor (control) and idiopathic PAH lungs, and rat and mouse models of SU5416/hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) were used. Immunohistochemical, immunocytochemical, and immunoblot analyses and transfection, infection, DNA synthesis, apoptosis, migration, cell count, and protein activity assays were performed in this study.Measurements and main resultsImmunohistochemical and immunoblot analyses demonstrated that the HIPPO central component large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1) is inactivated in small remodeled pulmonary arteries (PAs) and distal PAVSMCs in idiopathic PAH. Molecular- and pharmacology-based analyses revealed that LATS1 inactivation and consequent up-regulation of its reciprocal effector Yes-associated protein (Yap) were required for activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-Akt, accumulation of HIF1α, Notch3 intracellular domain and β-catenin, deficiency of proapoptotic Bim, increased proliferation, and survival of human PAH PAVSMCs. LATS1 inactivation and up-regulation of Yap increased production and secretion of fibronectin that up-regulated integrin-linked kinase 1 (ILK1). ILK1 supported LATS1 inactivation, and its inhibition reactivated LATS1, down-regulated Yap, suppressed proliferation, and promoted apoptosis in PAH, but not control PAVSMCs. PAVSM in small remodeled PAs from rats and mice with SU5416/hypoxia-induced PH showed down-regulation of LATS1 and overexpression of ILK1. Treatment of mice with selective ILK inhibitor Cpd22 at Days 22-35 of SU5416/hypoxia exposure restored LATS1 signaling and reduced established pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH.ConclusionsThese data report inactivation of HIPPO/LATS1, self-supported via Yap-fibronectin-ILK1 signaling loop, as a novel mechanism of self-sustaining proliferation and apoptosis resistance of PAVSMCs in PAH and suggest a new potential target for therapeutic intervention.

Background and Aim: Nowadays, toxic chemical contaminants in food are a major food safety problem in Bangladesh. Among toxic food contaminants, formalin is used to preserve fruit, vegetables, and fish, where urea is used for the whitening of rice and puffed rice. The purpose of this study was to determine the biochemical and histopathological effects on the liver of young and adult pigeons after exposure to formalin and urea contaminated feed. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 young and 15 adult pigeons were divided into control group, formaldehyde exposed group (2.5 mL formalin/kg feed), and urea exposed (1 g/kg feed) group. Each group consisted of five pigeons. After the experimentation procedures, the blood samples were collected for biochemical study, and the liver tissue was collected for histomorphological study. The statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t-test, and p

Maize as well as baby corn is an exhaustive crop in terms of nutrient and water uptake from soil hence soil health become deteriorate easily and as different amounts and forms of nutrient supply in baby corn affect the productivity of baby corn so combination of organic and inorganic sources of nutrient is beneficial for soil heath and to maximize the productivity of baby corn thus an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2017 to February 2018 to investigate the effect of varieties and sources of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield contributing characters of baby corn. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment consisted of two varieties viz., BARI Sweet corn-1(V1), Baby star (V2) and five sources of nitrogen fertilizer viz.,100% recommended N from urea(N1),75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung (N2), 50% N from urea + 50% N from cowdung (N3), 75% N from urea + 25% N from poultry manure(N4),50% N from urea + 50% N from poultry manure(N5).Yield and yield contributing characters of baby corn were significantly influenced by variety, sources of nitrogen fertilizer and their interactions. The highest number of cob plant-1 (1.67), cob length (13.50 cm), cob girth(3.84 cm), cob yield with husk (14.66 t ha-1), cob yield without husk (3.52 t ha-1), and fresh fodder yield (42.50 t ha-1) were recorded when Baby star was fertilized with N2 (75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung) treatment. Therefore, it may be concluded that Baby star is the promising baby corn variety when coupled with (75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung) for maximizing baby corn production and improving soil health.

Baby corn is an exhaustive cereal in terms of nutrients absorbance from soil and thus soil become easily loss it’s beneficial physical and chemical properties. To maintain soil health during cereal production like baby corn both chemical and organic sources of fertilizers can be used, thus a study was executed at the agronomy field of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh in the year of 2017-2018 to find out the growth performances and their impact on corn yield of baby corn as affected by varieties and different sources of nitrogen fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Completely Block Design with three replications with two factors where two varieties viz., BARI Sweet corn-1 (V1) and Baby star (V2) acted as Factor A and five sources of nitrogen fertilizer viz.,100% recommended N from urea (N1), 75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung (N2), 50% N from urea + 50% N from cowdung (N3), 75% N from urea + 25% N from poultry manure (N4), 50% N from urea + 50% N from poultry manure (N5) acted as Factor B. The highest plant height (153.0 cm), number of leaves per plant (7.33), leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value 38.68), (TDM) (40.60 g plant-1), corn yield (3520 kg ha-1) were recorded in the interaction between Baby star when fertilized with N2 (75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung). All the growth parameters showed strong positive correlation with corn yield. The highest harvest index (0.075) was observed when BARI Sweet corn-1 was cultivated with N2 (75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung). Therefore, it may be concluded that for better growth performance and for better corn yield Baby star is the promising baby corn variety when cultivated with (75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung) for better growth performances and maximization of baby corn yield.

Formaldehyde (FA), a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, has long been suspected to possess reproductive toxicity. Here, we investigated the histopathological alteration of male gonads following exposure to FA-contaminated feed (40% aqueous solution of FA; 2.5 ml formalin/kg feed) in pigeons for 15 days. The mean body weights were not changed significantly in FA-contaminated feed exposed pigeons compared with control pigeons. The hemoglobin concentration was significantly decreased and serum enzyme aspartate transaminase (AST) was significantly increased in FA-exposed pigeons in comparison with control pigeons. Histologically, the structural components of the testes are the seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues, which are surrounded by a connective tissue capsule. In control pigeons, the size and shape of seminiferous tubules were normal with a regular arrangement of spermatogenic cells. In FA-exposed pigeons, the testicular capsule was thickened and degeneration of spermatogenic cells in the seminiferous tubules was observed. The number of spermatogenic cells was significantly decreased in the seminiferous tubules of FA-exposed pigeons in comparison with control pigeons, indicating that the low exposure of FA affects the spermatogenic cells populations in male birds. The present results suggested that FA might cause infertility in birds. [ J Adv Biotechnol Exp Ther 2020; 3(3.000): 152-157]

Lentil yield is a complicated quantitative trait; it is significantly influenced by the environment. It is crucial for improving human health and nutritional security in the country as well as for a sustainable agricultural system. The study was laid out to determine the stable genotype through the collaboration of G × E by AMMI and GGE biplot and to identify the superior genotypes using 33 parametric and non-parametric stability statistics of 10 genotypes across four different conditions. The total G × E effect was divided into two primary components by the AMMI model. For days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant, and hundred seed weight, IPCA1 was significant and accounted for 83%, 75%, 100%, and 62%, respectively. Both IPCA1 and IPCA2 were non-significant for yield per plant and accounted for 62% of the overall G × E interaction. An estimated set of eight stability parameters showed strong positive correlations with mean seed yield, and these measurements can be utilized to choose stable genotypes. The productivity of lentils has varied greatly in the environment, ranging from 786 kg per ha in the MYM environment to 1658 kg per ha in the ISD environment, according to the AMMI biplot. Three genotypes (G8, G7, and G2) were shown to be the most stable based on non-parametric stability scores for grain yield. G8, G7, G2, and G5 were determined as the top lentil genotypes based on grain production using numerical stability metrics such as Francis’s coefficient of variation, Shukla stability value (σi2), and Wrick’s ecovalence (Wi). Genotypes G7, G10, and G4 were the most stable with the highest yield, according to BLUP-based simultaneous selection stability characteristics. The findings of graphic stability methods such as AMMI and GGE for identifying the high-yielding and stable lentil genotypes were very similar. While the GGE biplot indicated G2, G10, and G7 as the most stable and high-producing genotypes, AMMI analysis identified G2, G9, G10, and G7. These selected genotypes would be used to release a new variety. Considering all the stability models, such as Eberhart and Russell’s regression and deviation from regression, additive main effects, multiplicative interactions (AMMI) analysis, and GGE, the genotypes G2, G9, and G7 could be used as well-adapted genotypes with moderate grain yield in all tested environments.

Background The most common cause of death among children is pediatric pneumonia. The increase of antibiotic abuse to treat pediatric pneumonia patients in Bangladesh is alarming for the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. However, there is a dearth of research available regarding this. Hence, the current study was conducted on a pilot scale to identify the MDR bacteria from pediatric pneumonia patients by molecular approaches. Methods Saliva and nasal swab samples were collected for 3 months (JulySeptember 2019) from 3children with suspected pneumonia at two different hospitals in Jashore city, Bangladesh. Routine biochemical tests were performed to identify the isolates presumptively. All isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance according to CLSI guidelines using 17 antibiotics. Finally, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and 16S rRNA sequencing with phylogeny were performed to confirm the bacteria at the species level. Results From the samples collected from the patients, 47 isolates were obtained. The biochemical tests presumptively identified Acinetobacter spp., as the most prevalent type, which was followed by Staphylococcus spp., and Enterobacter spp. Surprisingly, every isolate was MDR, resistant to at least four antibiotics. Cefepime and Cefotaxime showed the highest (i.e., 100% and 87%, respectively) resistance pattern. In addition, the isolates showed elevated resistance towards Amoxicillin, Vancomycin, Streptomycin, Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Norfloxacin, and Tetracycline. On the contrary, they were susceptible to Imipenem and Meropenem. Subsequently, the isolates were typed into three different groups by ARDRA; the strains Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter hormaechei, and Staphylococcus pasteuri were confirmed. Conclusion The rapid revolution of multidrug resistant organisms has an impact on morbidity, mortality and healthcare associated cost. Unrestricted use of antibiotics should be stopped and surveillance is necessary for controlling the emergence of resistant bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

West Nile Virus (WNV) is a life threatening flavivirus that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. No preventive therapeutics including vaccines against WNV are available for human use. In this study, immunoinformatics approach was performed to design a multi epitope-based subunit vaccine against this deadly pathogen. Human (HLA) and Mice (H-2) allele specific potential T-cell and B-cell epitopes were shortlisted through a stringent procedure. Molecular docking showed selected epitopes that have stronger binding affinity with human TLR-4. Molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the stable nature of the docked complex. Furthermore, in silico cloning analysis ensures efficient expression of desired gene in the microbial system. Interestingly, previous studies showed that two of our selected epitopes have strong immune response against WNV. Therefore, selected epitopes could be strong vaccine candidates to prevent WNV infections in human. However, further in vitro and in vivo investigations could be strengthening the validation of the vaccine candidate against WNV.