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In this study, the protective effects of chlorophyllin, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in response to both potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and cobalt chloride (CoCl2) were investigated using the Drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test in vivo. For this purpose, two groups were formed for tested chemicals, with a pre-treatment and a co-treatment for the antimutagenic group. When the results were compared with those of individuals exposed only to genotoxic metal doses, chlorophyllin, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b clearly decreased genotoxic activity of CoCl2 in both treatments. However, it seems that decrease in inhibition rate does not depend on the dose. The genotoxic activity of K2Cr2O7 increased in the treatments with chlorophyll a and b, being higher in the 48 ± 4 h pre- treatment, while the genotoxic activity of K2Cr2O7 with chlorophyllin increased in the co-treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the adaptive response induced by low doses of ultraviolet-B (UVB, 290-320 nm) radiation in the Drosophila wing spot test. Materials and methods: The adaptive response of Drosophila larvae to UVB light was studied by using a somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART). The SMART system used was the wing spot test, which uses morphological markers of the wing blade. This in vivo test has shown to be very useful to study the induction of genetic damage in somatic cells, measuring loss of heterozygosity (LOH) resulting from gene mutation, mitotic recombination, chromosomal rearrangements or chromosome loss. Results: To determine the induction of adaptive response, two-day-old Drosophila larvae were first irritated with an adaptive dose (58.3 J/m2), followed by different challenge doses (178, 224, 288, 338, and 386 J/m2). When the results obtained in the different challenge doses were compared with those obtained following the application of adaptive plus challenge doses, significant decreases (74.7-80.8%) in a first experiment, and (65.6-78.4%) in a second experiment, were observed in the frequency of mutant spots on the wing blades. Conclusions: Our results show that in Drosophila the adaptive response can be stimulated in vivo by UVB exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the protective effect of chlorophyllin in response to UVB was investigated using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test in Drosophila melanogaster (SMART). UVB doses of 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 J/cm² increased the frequency of all categories of spots, indicating that UVB was potentially genotoxic. Two distinct groups were formed as antimutagen pre-treatment and co-treatment. In the first group, 2-day-old Drosophila larvae were first exposed with three doses of chlorophyllin (1, 2.5, and 5 %) and then they were irradiated with the genotoxic (200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 J/cm²) doses of UVB at 72. In the second group, both chiorophyllin and UVB was ex posed to 3-day-old Drosophila larvae simultaneously. When the results were compared with the results of individuals irradiated only genotoxic doses, it was observed that chlorophyllin have decreased genotoxicity resulted from UVB. Decreasing rate in genotoxicity was higher at 2-day-old pre-treatment groups than at 72 hours co-treatment groups. The obtained results showed that three doses of chlorophyllin (1, 2.5, and 5 %) have given effective protection against UVB in Drosophila. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]