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Objective To compare the efficacy of precut over a pancreatic duct stent (PPDS) and transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy (TPS) for difficult biliary cannulation in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of all consecutive patients underwent ERCP by the same doctor in our hospital between April 2019 and March 2023. According to the selected method during difficult biliary cannulation when guidewire entered pancreatic duct unintendedly, the patients were divided into two groups,1) PPDS group: placing a pancreatic duct stent first, then using a needle knife to cut bile duct sphincter on the surface of the pancreatic duct stent, preserving pancreatic duct sphincter, and then selectively cannulate bile duct; 2) TPS group: precut through pancreatic duct sphincter first, then a pancreatic duct stent was placed, and bile duct was selectively cannulated. The success rate of biliary cannulation and ERCP-related complication between the two groups were compared. Results Among 762 ERCP patients, 84 patients were enrolled in this study, 44 patients in PPDS group, and 40 patients in TPS group. In PPDS group, 42 patients (95.4%, 42/44) had successful biliary cannulation. No post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP), bleeding, perforation occurred in PPDS group. In TPS group, 39 patients (97.5%, 39/40) had successful biliary cannulation. Four patients (10.0%, 4/40) had PEP in PPDS group, no bleeding or perforation occurred. All patients were cured. The success rate of biliary cannulation between two groups had no significant difference（P>0.05）, while the rate of PEP had significant difference(P

5G deterministic network is an important part to support the construction of 5G+ Industrial Internet, and it is of great significance to study the key technologies and landing schemes of 5G deterministic network. Firstly, 5G ultra-reliability low latency communication technology and frame replication and cancellation technology were studied to reduce transmission latency and improve reliability. Secondly, cyclic queue forwarding technology was explored in 5G networks to eliminate end-to-end jitter. Finally, a 5G deterministic network landing scheme was proposed and tested in actual industrial production labs. The test results show that the comprehensive performance of the proposed network scheme is better than the existing network schemes, and can meet the demand for 5G deterministic networks in many industrial scenarios.

The incidence of colonic diverticular disease is increasing significantly and is showing a trend of youthfulness. The treatment of colonic diverticulum disease mainly involves drugs, including antibiotics, rifaximin, and mesalazine. In addition, probiotics and dietary fiber are believed to have a positive impact on the treatment of diverticular diseases. When it progresses to acute complicated diverticulitis, surgical treatment becomes a necessary means. Up to now, our country has not formulated standards and guidelines of the diagnosis and treatment for colonic diverticulitis.

The Pestalotiopsis sp. strain cr013 is a mycoparasite of Cronartium ribicola, a potential biocontrol fungus for Armand pine (Pinus armandii) blister rust. A previous study showed that the strain cr013 has great potential to produce new compounds. However, there has been no report of the whole-genome sequence of the mycoparasite Pestalotiopsis sp. In this study, the BGISEQ-500 and Oxford Nanopore GridION X5 sequencing platforms were used to sequence the strain cr013 isolates and assemble the reads to obtain the complete genome. We first report the whole-genome information of the mycoparasite Pestalotiopsis sp. strain cr013 (GenBank accession number: JACFXT010000000, BioProject ID: PRJNA647543, BioSample ID: SAMN15589943), and the genomic components and gene functions related to the mycoparasitism process were analyzed. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the lifestyle strategy of the mycoparasite Pestalotiopsis sp. and reveals the mechanisms underlying secondary metabolite diversity in the strain cr013.

Objective To assess the comparative efficacy of different methods for difficult biliary cannulation in endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) through a network meta-analysis. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy of different adjunctive methods (early or late needle-knife technique, pancreatic guidewire-assisted technique, pancreatic stent-assisted technique, transpancreatic sphincterotomy, persistent standard cannulation technique) for difficult biliary cannulation with each other were identified. The success rate of biliary cannulation and the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) were the outcomes of interest. Pairwise and network meta-analysis and ranking according to surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA) for all methods were performed. Results Eighteen RCTs were identified according to selection criteria, and 2 033 patients were enrolled. The use of transpancreatic sphincterotomy over persistent standard cannulation technique (RR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.02-1.77) and over pancreatic guidewire-assisted technique（RR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.00-1.60）significantly increased the success rate of biliary cannulation. Based on SUCRA ranking, transpancreatic sphincterotomy followed by early needle-knife techniques were ranked highest in terms of increasing the success rate of biliary cannulation. Only early needle-knife technique significantly decreased PEP rate when compared with persistent standard cannulation technique (RR=0.53, 95％CI: 0.30-0.94), whereas both early needle-knife techniques and transpancreatic sphincterotomy led to lower PEP rates as compared with pancreatic guidewire-assisted technique (RR=0.41， 95％CI: 0.17-0.99; RR=0.49， 95％CI: 0.25-0.96; respectively). Based on SUCRA ranking, early needle-knife technique followed by transpancreatic sphincterotomy were ranked highest for decreasing the PEP rate of biliary cannulation. Conclusions Transpancreatic sphincterotomy increases the success rate of difficult biliary cannulation in ERCP; early needle-knife technique and transpancreatic sphincterotomy are superior to other interventions in decreasing PEP rates and should be considered as a choice of difficult biliary cannulation.

Abstract In order to solve the problems of different visual angles, such as large brightness and colour difference, and obvious image splicing trace, an algorithm of ring image fusion based on colour correction is proposed in this paper. According to the algorithm in this paper, a Matlab toolbox was made for image fusion simulation experiment. Structural similarity (SSIM) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of this method in reducing illumination and contrast difference and the mean value of SSIM was 0.8166. The algorithm is measured in the development board and accelerated by graphic processing unit to achieve the computing efficiency of 18 ms per frame and meet the real‐time requirements of the system.

Exploiting demand shocks from changes in federal government spending, we examine how the organizational structure of a firm affects its investment behavior. Government spending shocks affect the investment of government-dependent conglomerate segments less than matched stand-alone firms. Investment also increases in lower government-dependent segments when other segments within the same firm experience positive demand shocks, indicating cross-subsidization between segments. We further show that this cross-subsidization leads to worse operating performance and increases the diversification discount. Our findings are robust after addressing the endogeneity of government spending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As urbanization continues to accelerate, the urban heat island effect has become an increasingly severe environmental issue globally. Urban green spaces, as an important form of green infrastructure, have significant thermodynamic effects that can effectively regulate urban temperatures, alleviate the heat island effect, and improve the urban climate. However, with the expansion of cities and the reduction of green spaces, the thermodynamic effects of these spaces have not been fully utilized, and urban thermal environment issues have become more pronounced. Therefore, researching the thermodynamic effects of urban green spaces and optimizing their layout has become a crucial topic in urban environmental planning and management. Current studies primarily focus on the macroscopic evaluation of thermodynamic effects of urban green spaces through remote sensing data, meteorological monitoring, and other methods. However, these studies often neglect spatially refined analysis and fail to accurately reveal the thermodynamic effects of urban green spaces at different scales and across various types. Additionally, existing methods mainly focus on single-factor impacts, lacking a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between green space thermodynamic effects and factors such as urban morphology and land use. Therefore, a refined assessment method based on GIS technology and a comprehensive analysis of influencing factors are urgently needed to improve the accuracy and applicability of evaluating the thermodynamic effects of urban green spaces. This paper aims to conduct a refined assessment and layout optimization study of urban green space thermodynamic effects based on GIS technology. The research includes two main parts: first, using GIS technology to spatially represent the thermodynamic effects of urban green spaces, with detailed analysis through indicators such as thermodynamic effect footprints, effect capacity, and effect centers; second, combining GIS technology to perform a correlation analysis of the main influencing factors of urban green space thermodynamic effects and propose optimization strategies for green space layout based on effect evaluation. This study will provide a theoretical basis for urban green space planning and optimization and offer data support for mitigating the urban heat island effect and improving urban environmental quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strongly coupled predator–prey model in a spatially heterogeneous environment with a Holling type-II functional response and a nonlinear growth rate for the predator is considered. Using bifurcation theory and the Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction, we derived a bounded smooth curve formed by the positive solutions and obtained the structure of the bifurcation branches. We also proved that the bounded curve is monotone S -shaped or fish-hook-shaped (⊂-shaped), as the values of the parameters of the model vary; in the latter case, the model has multiple positive steady-state solutions caused by the spatial heterogeneity of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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