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2. Clinical Desire for an Artificial Intelligence–Based Surgical Assistant System: Electronic Survey–Based Study

Author

Park, Soo Jin, Lee, Eun Ji, Kim, Se Ik, Kong, Seong-Ho, Jeong, Chang Wook, and Kim, Hee Seung

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

BackgroundTechniques utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) are rapidly growing in medical research and development, especially in the operating room. However, the application of AI in the operating room has been limited to small tasks or software, such as clinical decision systems. It still largely depends on human resources and technology involving the surgeons’ hands. Therefore, we conceptualized AI-based solo surgery (AISS) defined as laparoscopic surgery conducted by only one surgeon with support from an AI-based surgical assistant system, and we performed an electronic survey on the clinical desire for such a system. ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the experiences of surgeons who have performed laparoscopic surgery, the limitations of conventional laparoscopic surgical systems, and the desire for an AI-based surgical assistant system for AISS. MethodsWe performed an online survey for gynecologists, urologists, and general surgeons from June to August 2017. The questionnaire consisted of six items about experience, two about limitations, and five about the clinical desire for an AI-based surgical assistant system for AISS. ResultsA total of 508 surgeons who have performed laparoscopic surgery responded to the survey. Most of the surgeons needed two or more assistants during laparoscopic surgery, and the rate was higher among gynecologists (251/278, 90.3%) than among general surgeons (123/173, 71.1%) and urologists (35/57, 61.4%). The majority of responders answered that the skillfulness of surgical assistants was “very important” or “important.” The most uncomfortable aspect of laparoscopic surgery was unskilled movement of the camera (431/508, 84.8%) and instruments (303/508, 59.6%). About 40% (199/508, 39.1%) of responders answered that the AI-based surgical assistant system could substitute 41%-60% of the current workforce, and 83.3% (423/508) showed willingness to buy the system. Furthermore, the most reasonable price was US $30,000-50,000. ConclusionsSurgeons who perform laparoscopic surgery may feel discomfort with the conventional laparoscopic surgical system in terms of assistant skillfulness, and they may think that the skillfulness of surgical assistants is essential. They desire to alleviate present inconveniences with the conventional laparoscopic surgical system and to perform a safe and comfortable operation by using an AI-based surgical assistant system for AISS.

Published
2020
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11. Deep learning based ECG segmentation for delineation of diverse arrhythmias

Author

Joung, Chankyu, Kim, Mijin, Paik, Taejin, Kong, Seong-Ho, Oh, Seung-Young, Jeon, Won Kyeong, Jeon, Jae-hu, Hong, Joong-Sik, Kim, Wan-Joong, Kook, Woong, Cha, Myung-Jin, and van Koert, Otto

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

Accurate delineation of key waveforms in an ECG is a critical step in extracting relevant features to support the diagnosis and treatment of heart conditions. Although deep learning based methods using segmentation models to locate P, QRS, and T waves have shown promising results, their ability to handle arrhythmias has not been studied in any detail. In this paper we investigate the effect of arrhythmias on delineation quality and develop strategies to improve performance in such cases. We introduce a U-Net-like segmentation model for ECG delineation with a particular focus on diverse arrhythmias. This is followed by a post-processing algorithm which removes noise and automatically determines the boundaries of P, QRS, and T waves. Our model has been trained on a diverse dataset and evaluated against the LUDB and QTDB datasets to show strong performance, with F1-scores exceeding 99% for QRS and T waves, and over 97% for P waves in the LUDB dataset. Furthermore, we assess various models across a wide array of arrhythmias and observe that models with a strong performance on standard benchmarks may still perform poorly on arrhythmias that are underrepresented in these benchmarks, such as tachycardias. We propose solutions to address this discrepancy.

Published
2023
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15. Long-term outcomes of a phase II study of neoadjuvant imatinib in large gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach

Author

Kong, Seong-Ho, Kurokawa, Yukinori, Yook, Jeong-Hwan, Cho, Haruhiko, Kwon, Oh-Kyoung, Masuzawa, Toru, Lee, Kyung Hee, Matsumoto, Sohei, Park, Young Soo, Honda, Hiroshi, Ryu, Seung-Wan, Ishikawa, Takashi, Kang, Hye Jin, Nabeshima, Kazuhito, Im, Seock-Ah, Shimokawa, Toshio, Kang, Yoon-Koo, Hirota, Seiichi, Yang, Han-Kwang, and Nishida, Toshirou

Published
2023
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19. Comparison of perioperative outcomes between bipolar sealing, ultrasonic shears and a hybrid device during laparoscopic gastrectomy for early gastric cancer: a prospective, multicenter, randomized study

Author

Park, Ji-Hyeon, Kong, Seong-Ho, Berlth, Felix, Choi, Jong-Ho, Kim, Sara, Kim, Sa-Hong, Kang, So Hyun, Lee, Sangjun, Yoo, Jaeun, Goo, Eunhee, Jeong, Kyoungyun, Kim, Hyun Myong, Park, Young Suk, Ahn, Sang-Hoon, Suh, Yun-Suhk, Park, Do Joong, Lee, Hyuk-Joon, Kim, Hyung-Ho, and Yang, Han-Kwang

Published
2023
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23. Feasibility and safety of inserting transient biodegradable stents in the pylorus during pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a preliminary study in a porcine for proof of concept

Author

Park, Ji-Hyeon, Yoon, Hyesung, Kwak, Yoon Jin, Wang, Chaojie, Alzahrani, Khalid Mohammed, Wang, Sen, Alzahrani, Fadhel Dhaifallah H., Kim, Hyun Myong, Koo, Eunhee, Yoo, Ja Eun, Choi, Jong-Ho, Park, Shin-Hoo, Kong, Seong-Ho, Park, Do Joong, Lee, Hyuk-Joon, and Yang, Han-Kwang

Published
2023
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25. Predictive Value of KLASS-02-QC Assessment Score on KLASS-02 Surgical Outcomes: Validation of Surgeon Quality Control and Standardization for D2 Lymphadenectomy

Author

Song, Jeong Ho, Shin, Hye Jung, Hyung, Woo Jin, Yang, Han-Kwang, Han, Sang-Uk, Park, Young-Kyu, Lee, Hyuk-Joon, An, Ji Yeong, Kim, Wook, Kim, Hyung-Ho, Ryu, Seung Wan, Hur, Hoon, Kim, Min-Chan, Kong, Seong-Ho, Kim, Jin-Jo, Park, Do Joong, Kim, Young Woo, Ryu, Keun Won, Kim, Jong Won, Lee, Joo-Ho, and Kim, Hyoung-Il

Published
2023
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31. Identification of New Pathogenic Variants of Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer.

Author

Oh, Seung-Young, Jang, Giyong, Kim, Jaeryuk, Jeong, Kyoung-Yun, Kim, Hyun Myong, Kwak, Yoon Jin, Kong, Seong-Ho, Park, Do Joong, Lee, Hyuk-Joon, Cho, Sung-Yup, Kim, Jong-Il, and Yang, Han-Kwang

Subjects
WHOLE genome sequencing, LITERATURE reviews, STOMACH cancer, YAP signaling proteins, PROTEIN expression
Abstract

Purpose: Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) presents a significant genetic predisposition, notably linked to mutations in the CDH1 and CTNNA1. However, the genetic basis for over half of HDGC cases remains unidentified. The aim of this study is to identify novel pathogenic variants in HDGC and evaluate their protein expression. Materials and Methods: Among 20 qualifying families, two were selected based on available pedigree and DNA. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) on DNA extracted from blood and whole exome sequencing on DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were performed to find potential pathogenic variants in HDGC. After selection of a candidate variant, functional validation, and enrichment analysis were performed. Results: As a result of WGS, three candidate germline mutations (EPHA5, MCOA2, and RHOA) were identified in one family. After literature review and in-silico analyses, the RHOA mutation (R129W) was selected as a candidate. This mutation was found in two gastric cancer patients within the family. In functional validation, it showed RhoA overexpression and a higher GTP-bound state in the RhoaR129W mutant. Decreased phosphorylation at Ser127/397 suggested altered YAP1 regulation in the Rho-ROCK pathway. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses linked RhoaR129W overexpression to changed migration/adhesion in MKN1 cell line. However, this RHOA mutation (R129W) was not found in index patients in other families. Conclusion: The RHOA mutation (R129W) emerges as a potential causative gene for HDGC, but only in one family, indicating a need for further studies to understand its role in HDGC pathogenesis fully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Effector Function Characteristics of Exhausted CD8+ T-Cell in Microsatellite Stable and Unstable Gastric Cancer.

Author

Han, Dong-Seok, Kwak, Yoonjin, Lee, Seungho, Nam, Soo Kyung, Kong, Seong-Ho, Park, Do Joong, Lee, Hyuk-Joon, Kwon, Nak-Jung, Lee, Hye Seung, and Yang, Han-Kwang

Subjects
CYTOTOXIC T cells, T-cell exhaustion, KILLER cells, IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors, STOMACH cancer
Abstract

Purpose: Gastric cancer exhibits molecular heterogeneity, with the microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) subtype drawing attention for its distinct features. Despite a higher survival rate, MSI-H gastric cancer lack significant benefits from conventional chemotherapy. The immune checkpoint inhibitors, presents a potential avenue, but a deeper understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment of MSI-H gastric cancer is essential. Materials and Methods: We explored the molecular characteristics of CD8+ T-cell subtypes in three MSI-H and three microsatellite stable (MSS) gastric cancer samples using single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome analysis. Results: In MSI-H gastric cancer, significantly higher proportions of effector memory T cell (Tem), exhausted T cell (Tex), proliferative exhausted T cell (pTex), and proliferative T cell were observed, while MSS gastric cancer exhibited significantly higher proportions of mucosal-associated invariant T cell and natural killer T cell. In MSI-H gastric cancer, Tex and pTex exhibited a significant upregulation of the exhaustion marker LAG3, as well as elevated expression of effector function markers such as IFNG, GZMB, GZMH, and GZMK, compared to those in MSS gastric cancer. The interferon γ (IFN-γ) signaling pathway of Tex and pTex was retained compared to those of MSS gastric cancer. The spatial transcriptome analysis demonstrates the IFN-γ signaling pathway between neighboring Tex and malignant cell, showcasing a significantly elevated interaction in MSI-H gastric cancer. Conclusion: Our study reveals novel finding indicating that IFN-γ signaling pathway is retained in Tex and pTex of MSI-H gastric cancer, offering a comprehensive perspective for future investigations into immunotherapy for gastric cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Extensive peritoneal lavage with saline after curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer (EXPEL): a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Author

Yang, Han Kwang, Lee, Hyuk Joon, Kong, Seong Ho, Suh, Yun-Suhk, Ji, Jiafu, Han, Sang-Uk, Hur, Hon, Son, Sang Yong, Terashima, Masanori, Li, Guoxin, Kim, Hyung Ho, Park, Do Joong, Ahn, Sang-Hoon, Law, Simon, Wong, Ian YH, Wong, Claudia LY, Chan, Fion SY, Chan, Desmond KK, Law, Betty TT, Shabbir, Asim, Kim, Guo Wei, Song, Kyo Young, Hyung, Woo Jin, Kosai, Nik Ritza, Kono, Koji, Misawa, Kazunari, Yabusaki, Hiroshi, Kinoshita, Takahiro, Lau, Peng Choong, Kim, Young-Woo, Rao, Jaideep Raj, Ng, Enders, Yamada, Takanobu, Yoshida, Kazuhiro, Tai, Bee Choo, So, Jimmy B.Y., Han, Sang Uk, Kim, Young Woo, and So, Jimmy Bok Yan

Published
2021
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39. Solution-processed NO2 gas sensor based on poly(3-hexylthiophene)-doped PbS quantum dots operable at room temperature.

Author

Kwon, JinBeom, Ha, Yuntae, Choi, Suji, Jung, Dong Geon, An, Hee kyung, Kong, Seong Ho, and Jung, Daewoong

Subjects
QUANTUM dots, GAS detectors, GREENHOUSE gases, SEMICONDUCTOR manufacturing, HOLE mobility, AUTOMOBILE factories, THIN films
Abstract

The global industrial development and increase in the number of transportation vehicles, such as automobiles and ships, have led to a steady increase in the issues related to greenhouse gas emissions. NO2 is a greenhouse gas emitted in large quantities from automobiles and factories, and its emission is unavoidable in the modern world. Therefore, a sensor capable of precise detection of NO2 is required. The most commonly reported types of NO2 sensors are those based on metal oxides. However, their operation at room temperature is impossible owing to their high-temperature operating characteristics, and therefore, a heater must be designed inside or installed outside the sensor for heating. Meanwhile, NO2 sensors based on PbS quantum dots (QDs) are advantageous as they can operate at room temperature and can be easily manufactured through a solution process rather than a complicated semiconductor process. Herein, a NO2 sensor was fabricated by doping PbS QDs with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). The as-developed sensor exhibited high responsivity to 100–0.4-ppm NO2 gas with a resolution of 200 ppb owing to the stability of the thin film and high hole mobility of P3HT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Comparison of surgical outcomes among different methods of esophagojejunostomy in laparoscopic total gastrectomy for clinical stage I proximal gastric cancer: results of a single-arm multicenter phase II clinical trial in Korea, KLASS 03

Author

Yang, Han-Kwang, Hyung, Woo Jin, Han, Sang-Uk, Lee, Young-Jun, Park, Joong-Min, Cho, Gyu Seok, Kwon, Oh Kyoung, Kong, Seong-Ho, Kim, Hyoung-Il, Lee, Hyuk-Joon, Kim, Wook, Ryu, Seung Wan, Jin, Sung-Ho, Oh, Sung Jin, Ryu, Keun Won, Kim, Min-Chan, Ahn, Hye Seong, Park, Young Kyu, Kim, Yong Ho, Hwang, Sun-Hwi, Kim, Jong Won, and Kim, Jin-Jo

Published
2021
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