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1. Reference Database for Photon Strength Functions

Author

Goriely, S., Dimitriou, P., Wiedeking, M., Belgya, T., Firestone, R., Kopecky, J., Krticka, M., Plujko, V., Schwengner, R., Siem, S., Utsunomiya, H., Hilaire, S., Peru, S., Cho, Y. S., Filipescu, D. M., Iwamoto, N., Kawano, T., Varlamov, V., and Xu, R.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Photon strength functions describing the average response of the nucleus to an electromagnetic probe are key input information in the theoretical modelling of nuclear reactions. Consequently they are important for a wide range of fields such as nuclear structure, nuclear astrophysics, medical isotope production, fission and fusion reactor technologies. They are also sources of information for widely used reaction libraries such as the IAEA Reference Input Parameter Library and evaluated data files such as EGAF. In the past two decades, the amount of reaction gamma-ray data measured to determine photon strength functions has grown rapidly. Different experimental techniques have led to discrepant results and users are faced with the dilemma which (if any) of the divergent data to adopt. We report on a coordinated effort to compile and assess the existing experimental data on photon strength functions from the giant dipole resonance region to energies below the neutron separation energy. The assessment of the discrepant data at energies around or below the neutron separation energy has been possible only in a few cases where adequate information on the model-dependent analysis and estimation of uncertainties was available. In the giant dipole resonance region, we adopt the recommendations of the new IAEA photonuclear data library. We also present global empirical and semi-microscopic models that describe the photon strength functions in the entire energy region and reproduce reasonably well most of the experimental data. The compiled experimental photon strengths and recommended model calculations are available from the PSF database hosted at the IAEA (URL:www-nds.iaea.org/PSFdatabase)., Comment: IAEA Coordinated Research Project on Generating Reference Database for Photon Strength Functions (F41032)

Published
2019
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2. IAEA Photonuclear Data Library 2019

Author

Kawano, T., Cho, Y. S., Dimitriou, P., Filipescu, D., Iwamoto, N., Plujko, V., Tao, X., Utsunomiya, H., Varlamov, V., Xu, R., Capote, R., Gheorghe, I., Gorbachenko, O., Jin, Y. L., Renstrøm, T., Stopani, K., Tian, Y., Tveten, G. M., Wang, J. M., Belgya, T., Firestone, R., Goriely, S., Kopecky, J., Krtička, M., Schwengner, R., Siem, S., and Wiedeking, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Photo-induced reaction cross section data are of importance for a variety of current or emerging applications, such as radiation shielding design and radiation transport analyses, calculations of absorbed dose in the human body during radiotherapy, physics and technology of fission reactors (influence of photo-reactions on neutron balance) and fusion reactors (plasma diagnostics and shielding), activation analyses, safeguards and inspection technologies, nuclear waste transmutation, medical isotope production and astrophysical applications. Since the release of the IAEA Photonuclear Data Library in 1999 however, new experimental data as well as new methods to assess the reliability of experimental cross sections have become available. Theoretical models and input parameters used to evaluate photo-induced reactions have improved significantly over the years. In addition, new measurements of partial photoneutron cross sections using mono-energetic photon beams and advanced neutron detection systems have been performed allowing for the validation of the evaluations and assessments of the experimental data. Furthermore, technological advances have led to the construction of new and more powerful gamma-beam facilities, therefore new data needs are emerging. We report our coordinated efforts to address these data needs and present the results of the new evaluations of more than 200 nuclides included in the new updated IAEA Photonuclear Data Library, where the photon energy goes up to 200 MeV. We discuss the new assessment method and make recommendations to the user community in cases where the experimental data are discrepant and the assessments disagree. In addition, in the absence of experimental data, we present model predictions for photo-induced reaction cross section on nuclides of potential interest to medical radioisotope production.

Published
2019

3. Reference database for photon strength functions

Author

Goriely, S, Dimitriou, P, Wiedeking, M, Belgya, T, Firestone, R, Kopecky, J, Krtička, M, Plujko, V, Schwengner, R, Siem, S, Utsunomiya, H, Hilaire, S, Péru, S, Cho, YS, Filipescu, DM, Iwamoto, N, Kawano, T, Varlamov, V, and Xu, R

Subjects
Affordable and Clean Energy, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

Photon strength functions describing the average response of the nucleus to an electromagnetic probe are key input information in the theoretical modelling of nuclear reactions. Consequently they are important for a wide range of fields such as nuclear structure, nuclear astrophysics, medical isotope production, fission and fusion reactor technologies. They are also sources of information for widely used reaction libraries such as the IAEA Reference Input Parameter Library and evaluated data files such as EGAF. In the past two decades, the amount of reaction gamma-ray data measured to determine photon strength functions has grown rapidly. Different experimental techniques have led to discrepant results and users are faced with the dilemma of which (if any) of the divergent data to adopt. We report on a coordinated effort to compile and assess the existing experimental data on photon strength functions from the giant dipole resonance region to energies below the neutron separation energy. The assessment of the discrepant data at energies around or below the neutron separation energy has been possible only in a few cases where adequate information on the model-dependent analysis and estimation of uncertainties was available. In the giant dipole resonance region, we adopt the recommendations of the new IAEA photonuclear data library. We also present global empirical and semi-microscopic models that describe the photon strength functions in the entire energy region and reproduce reasonably well most of the experimental data. The compiled experimental photon strengths and recommended model calculations are available from the PSF database hosted at the IAEA (http://www-nds.iaea.org/PSFdatabase).

Published
2019

4. Expanding ecological assessment by integrating microorganisms into routine freshwater biomonitoring

Author

Sagova-Mareckova, M., Boenigk, J., Bouchez, A., Cermakova, K., Chonova, T., Cordier, T., Eisendle, U., Elersek, T., Fazi, S., Fleituch, T., Frühe, L., Gajdosova, M., Graupner, N., Haegerbaeumer, A., Kelly, A.-M., Kopecky, J., Leese, F., Nõges, P., Orlic, S., Panksep, K., Pawlowski, J., Petrusek, A., Piggott, J.J., Rusch, J.C., Salis, R., Schenk, J., Simek, K., Stovicek, A., Strand, D.A., Vasquez, M.I., Vrålstad, T., Zlatkovic, S., Zupancic, M., and Stoeck, T.

Published
2021
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6. IAEA Photonuclear Data Library 2019

Author

Kawano, T., Cho, Y.S., Dimitriou, P., Filipescu, D., Iwamoto, N., Plujko, V., Tao, X., Utsunomiya, H., Varlamov, V., Xu, R., Capote, R., Gheorghe, I., Gorbachenko, O., Jin, Y.L., Renstrøm, T., Sin, M., Stopani, K., Tian, Y., Tveten, G.M., Wang, J.M., Belgya, T., Firestone, R., Goriely, S., Kopecky, J., Krtička, M., Schwengner, R., Siem, S., and Wiedeking, M.

Published
2020
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7. Global real-world experiences with pembrolizumab in advanced urothelial carcinoma after platinum-based chemotherapy: the ARON-2 study

Author

Massari, F., Santoni, M., Takeshita, H., Okada, Y., Tapia, J. C., Basso, U., Maruzzo, M., Scagliarini, S., Büttner, T., Fornarini, G., Myint, Z. W., Galli, L., Souza, V. C., Pichler, R., De Giorgi, U., Gandur, N., Lam, E. T., Gilbert, D., Popovic, L., Grande, E., Mammone, G., Berardi, R., Crabb, S. J., Kemp, R., Molina-Cerrillo, J., Freitas, M., Luz, M., Iacovelli, Roberto, Calabrò, F., Tural, D., Atzori, F., Küronya, Z., Chiari, R., Campos, S., Caffo, O., Fay, A. P., Kucharz, J., Zucali, P. A., Rinck, J. A., Zeppellini, A., Bastos, D. A., Aurilio, G., Mota, A., Trindade, K., Ortega, C., Sade, J. P., Rizzo, M., Fiala, O., Vau, N., Giannatempo, P., Barillas, A., Monteiro, F. S. M., Dauster, B., Mennitto, A., Nogueira, L., de Carvalho Fernandes, R., Seront, E., Aceituno, L. G., Grillone, F., Cutuli, H. J., Fernandez, M., Bassanelli, M., Kopp, R. M., Roviello, G., Abahssain, H., Procopio, G., Milella, M., Kopecky, J., Martignetti, A., Messina, C., Caitano, M., Inman, E., Kanesvaran, R., Herchhorn, D., Santini, D., Bamias, A., Bisonni, R., Mosca, A., Morelli, F., Maluf, F., Soares, A., Nunes, F., Pinto, A., Zgura, A., Incorvaia, L., Ansari, J., Zabalza, I. O., Landmesser, J., Rizzo, A., Mollica, V., Marchetti, A., Rosellini, M., Sorgentoni, G., Battelli, N., Buti, S., Porta, C., Bellmunt, J., Iacovelli R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1750-2117), Massari, F., Santoni, M., Takeshita, H., Okada, Y., Tapia, J. C., Basso, U., Maruzzo, M., Scagliarini, S., Büttner, T., Fornarini, G., Myint, Z. W., Galli, L., Souza, V. C., Pichler, R., De Giorgi, U., Gandur, N., Lam, E. T., Gilbert, D., Popovic, L., Grande, E., Mammone, G., Berardi, R., Crabb, S. J., Kemp, R., Molina-Cerrillo, J., Freitas, M., Luz, M., Iacovelli, Roberto, Calabrò, F., Tural, D., Atzori, F., Küronya, Z., Chiari, R., Campos, S., Caffo, O., Fay, A. P., Kucharz, J., Zucali, P. A., Rinck, J. A., Zeppellini, A., Bastos, D. A., Aurilio, G., Mota, A., Trindade, K., Ortega, C., Sade, J. P., Rizzo, M., Fiala, O., Vau, N., Giannatempo, P., Barillas, A., Monteiro, F. S. M., Dauster, B., Mennitto, A., Nogueira, L., de Carvalho Fernandes, R., Seront, E., Aceituno, L. G., Grillone, F., Cutuli, H. J., Fernandez, M., Bassanelli, M., Kopp, R. M., Roviello, G., Abahssain, H., Procopio, G., Milella, M., Kopecky, J., Martignetti, A., Messina, C., Caitano, M., Inman, E., Kanesvaran, R., Herchhorn, D., Santini, D., Bamias, A., Bisonni, R., Mosca, A., Morelli, F., Maluf, F., Soares, A., Nunes, F., Pinto, A., Zgura, A., Incorvaia, L., Ansari, J., Zabalza, I. O., Landmesser, J., Rizzo, A., Mollica, V., Marchetti, A., Rosellini, M., Sorgentoni, G., Battelli, N., Buti, S., Porta, C., Bellmunt, J., and Iacovelli R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1750-2117)

Abstract

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed previous treatment paradigm of advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC). The ARON-2 study (NCT05290038) aimed to assess the real-world effectiveness of pembrolizumab in patients recurred or progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients and Methods Medical records of patients with documented metastatic UC treated by pembrolizumab as second-line therapy were retrospectively collected from 88 institutions in 23 countries. Patients were assessed for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR). Cox proportional hazards models were adopted to explore the presence of prognostic factors. Results In total, 836 patients were included: 544 patients (65%) received pembrolizumab after progression to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy in the metastatic setting (cohort A) and 292 (35%) after recurring within < 12 months since the completion of adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (cohort B). The median follow-up time was 15.3 months. The median OS and the ORR were 10.5 months and 31% in the overall study population, 9.1 months and 29% in cohort A and 14.6 months and 37% in cohort B. At multivariate analysis, ECOG-PS >= 2, bone metastases, liver metastases and pembrolizumab setting (cohort A vs B) proved to be significantly associated with worst OS and PFS. Stratified by the presence of 0, 1-2 or 3-4 prognostic factors, the median OS was 29.4, 12.5 and 4.1 months (p < 0.001), while the median PFS was 12.2, 6.4 and 2.8 months, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our study confirms that pembrolizumab is effective in the advanced UC real-world context, showing outcome differences between patients recurred or progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy.

Published
2024

12. Clinico-Pathological Features Influencing the Prognostic Role of Body Mass Index in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated by Immuno-Oncology Combinations (ARON-1)

Author

Santoni, M. Massari, F. Myint, Z.W. Iacovelli, R. Pichler, M. Basso, U. Kopecky, J. Kucharz, J. Buti, S. Salfi, A. Büttner, T. De Giorgi, U. Kanesvaran, R. Fiala, O. Grande, E. Zucali, P.A. Fornarini, G. Bourlon, M.T. Scagliarini, S. Molina-Cerrillo, J. Aurilio, G. Matrana, M.R. Pichler, R. Cattrini, C. Büchler, T. Seront, E. Calabrò, F. Pinto, A. Berardi, R. Zgura, A. Mammone, G. Ansari, J. Atzori, F. Chiari, R. Zakopoulou, R. Caffo, O. Procopio, G. Bassanelli, M. Zampiva, I. Messina, C. Küronya, Z. Mosca, A. Bhuva, D. Vau, N. Incorvaia, L. Rebuzzi, S.E. Roviello, G. Zabalza, I.O. Rizzo, A. Mollica, V. Catalini, I. Monteiro, F.S.M. Montironi, R. Battelli, N. Rizzo, M. Porta, C. and Santoni, M. Massari, F. Myint, Z.W. Iacovelli, R. Pichler, M. Basso, U. Kopecky, J. Kucharz, J. Buti, S. Salfi, A. Büttner, T. De Giorgi, U. Kanesvaran, R. Fiala, O. Grande, E. Zucali, P.A. Fornarini, G. Bourlon, M.T. Scagliarini, S. Molina-Cerrillo, J. Aurilio, G. Matrana, M.R. Pichler, R. Cattrini, C. Büchler, T. Seront, E. Calabrò, F. Pinto, A. Berardi, R. Zgura, A. Mammone, G. Ansari, J. Atzori, F. Chiari, R. Zakopoulou, R. Caffo, O. Procopio, G. Bassanelli, M. Zampiva, I. Messina, C. Küronya, Z. Mosca, A. Bhuva, D. Vau, N. Incorvaia, L. Rebuzzi, S.E. Roviello, G. Zabalza, I.O. Rizzo, A. Mollica, V. Catalini, I. Monteiro, F.S.M. Montironi, R. Battelli, N. Rizzo, M. Porta, C.

Abstract

Background: Obesity has been associated with improved response to immunotherapy in cancer patients. We investigated the role of body mass index (BMI) in patients from the ARON-1 study (NCT05287464) treated by dual immuno-oncology agents (IO+IO) or a combination of immuno-oncology drug and a tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Patients and Methods: Medical records of patients with documented mRCC treated by immuno-oncology combinations were reviewed at 47 institutions from 16 countries. Patients were assessed for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (OS), and overall clinical benefit (OCB), defined as the sum of the rate of partial/complete responses and stable disease. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the association of variables of interest with survival. Results: A total of 675 patients were included; BMI was >25 kg/m2 in 345 patients (51%) and was associated with improved OS (55.7 vs. 28.4 months, P < .001). The OCB of patients with BMI >25 kg/m2 versus those with BMI ≤25 kg/m2 was significantly higher only in patients with nonclear cell histology (81% vs. 65%, P = .011), and patients with liver metastases (76% vs. 58%, P = .007), Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio >4 (77% vs 62%, P = .022) or treated by nivolumab plus ipilimumab (77% vs. 64%, P = .044). In the BMI ≤25 kg/m2 subgroup, significant differences were found between patients with NLR >4 versus ≤4 (62% vs. 82%, P = .002) and patients treated by IO+IO versus IO+TKIs combinations (64% vs. 83%, P = .002). Conclusion: Our study suggests that the prognostic significance and the association of BMI with treatment outcome varies across clinico-pathological mRCC subgroups. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.

Published
2023

23. Developing reliable reaction gamma-ray data

Author

Dimitriou Paraskevi, Belgya T., Cho Y-S., Filipescu D., Firestone R., Goriely S., Iwamoto N., Kawano T., Kopecky J., Krticka M., Plujko V., Siem S., Schwengner R., Utsunomiya H., Vlarlamov V., Wiedeking M., and Xu R.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report on efforts to develop reliable photonuclear cross section and photon strength function data by measuring, compiling, assessing, evaluating the available data, and producing tables of Giant Dipole Resonance parameters and global models for use in basic sciences and applications.

Published
2018
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24. Bacterial diversity and abundance of a creek valley sites reflected soil pH and season

Author

Sagova-Mareckova M., Cermak L., Omelka M., Kyselkova M., and Kopecky J.

Subjects
bacterial communities, actinobacteria, OM quantity and quality, T-RFLP, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The effect of environmental factors on bacterial and actinobacterial communities was assessed to predict microbial community structure in natural gradients. Bacterial and actinobacterial communities were studied at four sites differing in vegetation and water regime: creek sediment, wet meadow, dry meadow and deciduous forest located in a shallow valley. The vegetation structure was assessed by phytocoenological releves. T-RFLP and quantitative PCR were used to determine community composition and abundances. Significant relationships between bacterial community structure and selected soil traits at sites located relatively close to each other (within 200 m) were demonstrated. Both the quantity and structure of bacterial communities were significantly influenced by organic matter content, soil moisture and pH. Bacterial diversity was higher in summer, while that of actinobacteria increased in winter. The Simpson’s evenness E was significantly correlated with soil organic matter content. Soil pH had the greatest influence on bacterial community structure showing higher within-site variability in summer than in winter.

Published
2015
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