Author: "Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI)" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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21 results on '"Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI)"'

1. El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity

Author: Ken Takahashi, Matthieu Lengaigne, Guomin Wang, Tim Li, Antonietta Capotondi, Tobias Bayr, Michael J. McPhaden, Axel Timmermann, WonMoo Kim, Wenju Cai, Malte F. Stuecker, Sunyong Kim, Ruihuang Xie, Harun Rashid, Fei-Fei Jin, Alexander Todd, Jong-Seong Kug, Boris Dewitte, Sang-Wook Yeh, Yoo-Geun Ham, Kim M. Cobb, Elke Zeller, Agus Santoso, Scott B. Power, Dietmar Dommenget, Daehyun Kang, Michiya Hayashi, Soon Il An, Kyung-Sook Yun, Pamela R. Grothe, Guojian Wang, June-Yi Lee, Karl Stein, Jing-Jia Luo, Shayne McGregor, Eric Guilyardi, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Xuebin Zhang, Sarah Ineson, Andrew T. Wittenberg, Woo Hyun Yang, Han Ching Chen, Jin-Ho Yoon, Yann Planton, Hong Li Ren, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Pusan National University, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University (USU), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Monash University [Clayton], NCAS-Climate [Reading], Department of Meteorology [Reading], University of Reading (UOR)-University of Reading (UOR), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research (CAWCR), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW)-Australian Research Council [Canberra] (ARC), Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP), Exeter Climate Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS, Australia, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Exeter
Subjects: El Nino-Southern Oscillation, Tropical Climate, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate Change, Equator, Climate change, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 15. Life on land, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Earth system science, Sea surface temperature, La Niña, El Niño, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Tropical climate, Water Movements, Environmental science, Terrestrial ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: El Niño events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years. Such conditions are accompanied by changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, affecting global climate, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, fisheries and human activities. The alternation of warm El Niño and cold La Niña conditions, referred to as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), represents the strongest year-to-year fluctuation of the global climate system. Here we provide a synopsis of our current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth system.
Published: 2018

2. First characterisation of the populations and immune-related activities of hemocytes from two edible gastropod species, the disk abalone, Haliotis discus discus and the spiny top shell, Turbo cornutus

Author: Hyun-Ki Hong, Won Joon Shim, Christophe Lambert, Kwang-Sik Choi, Ludovic Donaghy, Heung-Sik Park, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Applied Marine Life Sciences and Marine and Environment Research Institute, Jeju National University, Marine Living Ressources Research Division, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), South Sea Institute, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Asia, Hemocytes, Abalone, Gastropoda, Population Dynamics, Snails, Spiny top shell, Zoology, Aquatic Science, Disk abalone, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Phagocytosis, Hemolymph, Haliotis discus, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, Oxidative activity, Turbo cornutus, Shellfish, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Ecology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Immunity, Aquatic animal, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Flow Cytometry, biology.organism_classification, Mitochondria, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Lysosomes, Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract: International audience; The disk abalone Haliotis discus discus and the spiny top shell Turbo cornutus are edible gastropod species of high economic value, mainly in Asia. Mortality outbreaks and variations in worldwide stock abundance have been reported and suggested to be associated, at least in part, with pathogenic infections. Ecology, biology and immunology of both species are currently not well documented. The characterisation of the immune systems of these species is necessary to further assess the responses of H. discus discus and T. cornutus to environmental, chemical and disease stresses. In the present study, we investigated the morphology and immune-related activities of hemocytes in both species using light microscopy and flow cytometry. Two types of hemocytes were identified in the disk abalone hemolymph, blast-like cells and hyalinocytes; whereas four main hemocyte types were distinguished in the spiny top shell, blast-like cells, type I and II hyalinocytes, and granulocytes. Flow cytometric analysis also revealed differences between cell types in immune-related activities. Three subsets of hemocytes, defined by differing lysosomal characteristics, were observed in the hemolymph of the spiny top shell, and only one in the disk abalone. Phagocytic activity was higher in H. discus discus hemocytes than in T. cornutus hemocytes, and the kinetics of PMA-stimulated oxidative activity was different between hemocytes of the disk abalone and the spiny top shell. Finally our results suggest for the first time a predominant mitochondrial origin of oxidative activity in gastropod hemocytes.
Published: 2010

3. The impact of climatic conditions on Pb and Sr isotopic ratios found in Greenland ice, 7–150 ky BP

Author: Jean-Pierre Candelone, Kevin J.R. Rosman, Sungmin Hong, Graeme R. Burton, Laurie J. Burn, Claude F. Boutron, Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Formation et de Recherche de Physique, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Korean Ocean Research and development Institute, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Provenance, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, δ18O, Greenland, Geochemistry, Climate change, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), Ice core, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), strontium, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, Glacial period, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lead, Snow, climate change, Geophysics, Oceanography, Greenland ice core project, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, isotopic ratio, ice core, Geology
Abstract: International audience; We present here a time series of Pb and Sr isotopes in Greenland ice over the last glacial cycle. The data were obtained by analysing the dust contained in small (less than 10 g) aliquots of sections of the GRIP (European Greenland ice core project) ice core. The concentrations of Pb, Ba and Sr vary by large factors of 70, 140 and 75 respectively over this time period and show a significant correlation with δ18O, used as a proxy for temperature. Elemental ratios of Pb, Ba and Sr indicate the provenance of dust is mainly crustal with possible volcanic influences but the contribution from seawater is negligible. The Pb and Sr isotopic ratios change over time and form two distinct groups above and below a temperature corresponding to a δ18O value of − 39‰. While changing elemental concentrations may be explained by changes in wind strengths, the variation in isotopic composition appears to reflect climate induced changes in the source areas of dust deposited in the snow in Greenland. Available source data suggest that dust may originate from the Gobi Desert in central Asia in cooler periods and from glacial sediments adjacent to Greenland in warmer periods.
Published: 2007

4. Circulation in Drake Passage revisited using new current time series and satellite altimetry: 2. The Ona Basin

Author: Ferrari, Ramiro, Provost, Christine, Sennéchael, Nathalie, Lee, Jae Hak, Austral, Boréal et Carbone (ABC), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), CNRS-INSU (Institut des Sciences de l'Univers) through the LEFE/IDAO program, CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636))
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013

5. Tintinnid ciliates of Amundsen Sea (Antarctica) plankton communities

Author: John R. Dolan, Sun Young Kim, Eun Jin Yang, SangHoon Lee, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Department of Oceanography, Inha University, and Korean Polar Research Institute, CNRS, the University of Paris6 , he project AQUAPARADOX, financed by the ANR program Biodiversite´ and the Pole Mer PACA.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, food.ingredient, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Convallaria, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Zooplankton, diatoms, microzooplankton, lcsh:Oceanography, food, Phytoplankton, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:GC1-1581, lcsh:Environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Ciliate, protists, Phaeocystis, lcsh:GE1-350, polynya, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Pelagic zone, Biology, Oceanography, Biological Oceanography, Marine Biology, Protistlogy, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, Taxon, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Tintinnid
Abstract: The Amundsen Sea has been described as one of the most productive and dynamic pelagic systems in Antarctica and is one of the least studied. Based on samples from 15 stations in the Amundsen Sea, we describe for the first time the composition of the tintinnid ciliate assemblage of the microzooplankton. We compared the species compositions of coastal polynya sites, where the phytoplankton communities are dominated by Phaeocystis , to those of the offshore deep water sites, which are dominated by diatoms. We found a total of 15 species. Polynya sites were dominated by a few species of tintinnids, mostly those endemic to the Southern Ocean. In contrast, the deep-water sites contained many widespread tintinnid species, which are known from a wide variety of systems as well as other areas of the Southern Ocean. We examined polymorphism known to characterize the Antarctic tintinnid species Cymatocylis affinis/convallaria and Codonellopsis gaussi . We found that the types or forms found appeared unrelated to the type of microplankton community, defined by the identity of the dominant phytoplankton taxa. However, the number of different morphotypes found at a site appeared related to the overall concentration of the species, suggesting that different morphologies, previously considered distinct species, may simply be developmental stages. Keywords: Zooplankton; microzooplankton; polynya; protists; Phaeocystis ; diatoms (Published: 27 May 2013) Citation: Polar Research 2013, 32 , 19784, http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.19784
Published: 2013

6. Circulation in Drake Passage revisited using new current time series and satellite altimetry: 1. The Yaghan Basin

Author: Ferrari, Ramiro, Provost, Christine, Renault, Alice, Sennéchael, Nathalie, Barré, Nicolas, Park, Young-Hyang, Lee, Jae Hak, Austral Boréal (AB), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636))
Subjects: [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]
Abstract: International audience; The complex bathymetry of the Drake Passage and the meridional extent of the Shackleton Fracture Zone, in particular, force the Subantarctic Front (SAF) and the Polar Front (PF) to veer to the north, and the flow of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current concentrates in the Yaghan Basin. We have studied the circulation in the Yaghan Basin, using 3 years of velocity data (January 2006-March 2009) at five mooring sites and 18 years of satellite altimetry data. Mean velocities at our mooring sites show a dominant eastward component which decreases with depth, as expected, with a notable exception in the center of the Yaghan Basin, where mean velocities reveal a dominant westward component increasing with depth. The mooring data suggest the existence of a permanent, strong deep cyclonic circulation over the Yaghan seafloor depression in the northeastern part of the Yaghan Basin. The in situ data provide the first opportunity to compare altimetry-derived velocities with high temporal resolution near-surface current meter velocities in a large eddy kinetic energy environment at high latitudes. Globally, altimetry-derived velocities compare rather well with the in situ velocities at 500 m depth both in strength and direction. Correlations are high between the in situ velocities and the surface velocities derived from satellite altimetric data. Mean sea level estimates lead to reasonable mean surface velocities with, however, a slight underestimation of the mean velocity at the mean location of the SAF on the continental slope and a more important underestimation of the westward current in the center of the Yaghan Basin. A dominant mode of velocity variations (23% of the variance) is observed both in the in situ and satellite data, corresponding to a strong southward meander of the SAF upstream of the mooring line and a northward meander of the PF downstream of the latter. The 18 yearlong altimetry time series shows that the mode is robust and has a strong semiannual component.
Published: 2012

7. Southern ocean biogeography of tintinnid ciliates of the marine plankton

Author: Richard W. Pierce, Sun Young Kim, Eun Jin Yang, John R. Dolan, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biogeography, Oceans and Seas, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Zooplankton, Sea ice, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Ciliophora, Endemism, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Polar front, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Pelagic zone, Biodiversity, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, Phylogeography, Tintinnid
Abstract: Ciliate microzooplankton are important grazers in most pelagic ecosystems and among them, tintinnids, with their largely species-specific loricas, allow relatively easy assessment of questions of diversity and distributions. Herein, we present the results of a survey of species records of tintinnids from the Southern Ocean (locations below 40 degrees S) reported in 56 publications yielding 2,047 species records (synonyms included) from 402 locations. The 192 species reported can be parsed into two main groups: 32 endemic Southern Ocean species, known only from 40 degrees S and further south, and a second group of 181 widespread species, forms with extensive geographic ranges extending into the Southern Ocean. Widespread species reported from the Southern Ocean can be further divided into a group of 81 species, each recorded multiple times in the Southern Ocean waters and 70 apparent stray species which have only been found but once. The endemic and widespread species of the Southern Ocean show both distinct distributional patterns and morphological differences. The assemblage of Southern Ocean endemics is found mostly within the Antarctic zone delimited by the average location of the Polar Front and contains a relatively large portion of wide-mouthed forms. We give suggestions for future study.
Published: 2012

8. Acetylthiocholine (ATC) - cleaving cholinesterase (ChE) activity as a potential biomarker of pesticide exposure in the Manila clam, , of Korea

Author: Choi, Jin Young, Yu, Jun, Yang, Dong Beom, Ra, Kongtae, Kim, Kyung Tae, Hong, Gi Hoon, Shin, Kyung Hoon, Marine Environment and Pollution Prevention Research Department, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University, Environment Research Department, and National Fisheries Research and Development Institute
Subjects: integumentary system, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], organophosphorous pesticides (OPs), Manila clam, biomarker, IBP, Cholinesterase, chlorpyrifos
Abstract: International audience; The acetylthiocholine (ATC) - cleaving cholinesterase (ChE) activity in Manila clam, which is widely distributed throughout the coastal environment of Korea, was assayed as a potentially useful biomarker of organophosphorous pesticides (OPs). A clear dose-response relationship was determined between inhibited ChE in adductor muscle of clams and four OPs (methidathion, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, IBP) which are heavily used OPs in Korea. The measured EC-24h values of methidathion, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and IBP for were 7.16 μg l, 0.34 mg l, 3.01 mg l, and 3.41 mg l, respectively. In field studies, ChE activity in Manila clams collected from 23 stations in the mid-western coastal region demonstrated spatial variation with statistical differences. These results suggest that ChE activity in is a potential biomarker for assessing organophosphorous pesticide contamination in coastal environments.
Published: 2011

9. On varying b-values with depth: results from computer-intensive tests for Southern California

Author: P. A. Rydelek, D. Amorèse, Jean-Robert Grasso, Laboratoire d'études de Matériaux Céramiques pour le Conditionnement (LM2C), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), and Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Spatial analysis, Crust, Statistical seismology, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Tectonics, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Numerical approximations and analysis, North America, Stress conditions, Null hypothesis, Geology, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The Gutenberg-Richter b-value is thought to reflect the stress conditions in the crust; therefore, spatial and/or temporal variations of the b-value can provide important information regarding crustal tectonics. We investigate the variation of b-value with depth in seven selected areas of Southern California. A previous study provided a detailed mapping of the variations of b with depth in California; our study is less systematic than this study. Our approach is more similar to the regional one used by Mori & Abercrombie. In comparison to these previous studies, our investigation indicates that the variability of b is often not statistically significant and that the decrease of b with depth should be interpreted with caution. The seismic catalogues used are subsets of a set of about 100000 seismic events recorded by the Southern California Seismic Network (SCSN) and relocated by Richards-Dinger & Shearer. We study the performance of Utsu's test compared to bootstrap tests for comparison of b-values. The results of our investigation also raise the question of the relevancy of Utsu's test when comparing b-values. Both simulations and real cases show that the Utsu's test is biased towards rejection of the null hypothesis in favour of the hypothesis that b-values are significantly different.
Published: 2010

10. Changes in mixed layer depth under climate change projections in two CGCMs

Author: Sang-Wook Yeh, Bo Young Yim, Yign Noh, Boris Dewitte, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seoul], Yonsei University, Echanges Côte-Large (ECOLA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Advection, Mixed layer, Global warming, 0207 environmental engineering, Climate change, Stratification (water), Global change, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Sea surface temperature, Geophysical fluid dynamics, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: 0930-7575; International audience; Two coupled general circulation models, i.e., the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI) and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) models, were chosen to examine changes in mixed layer depth (MLD) in the equatorial tropical Pacific and its relationship with ENSO under climate change projections. The control experiment used pre-industrial greenhouse gas concentrations whereas the 2 x CO2 experiment used doubled CO2 levels. In the control experiment, the MLD simulated in the MRI model was shallower than that in the GFDL model. This resulted in the tropical Pacific's mean sea surface temperature (SST) increasing at different rates under global warming in the two models. The deeper the mean MLD simulated in the control simulation, the lesser the warming rate of the mean SST simulated in the 2 x CO2 experiment. This demonstrates that the MLD is a key parameter for regulating the response of tropical mean SST to global warming. In particular, in the MRI model, increased stratification associated with global warming amplified wind-driven advection within the mixed layer, leading to greater ENSO variability. On the other hand, in the GFDL model, wind-driven currents were weak, which resulted in mixed-layer dynamics being less sensitive to global warming. The relationship between MLD and ENSO was also examined. Results indicated that the non-linearity between the MLD and ENSO is enhanced from the control run to the 2 x CO2 run in the MRI model, in contrast, the linear relationship between the MLD index and ENSO is unchanged despite an increase in CO2 concentrations in the GFDL model.
Published: 2009

11. Low-Frequency Variability of Temperature in the Vicinity of the Equatorial Pacific Thermocline in SODA: Role of Equatorial Wave Dynamics and ENSO Asymmetry

Author: Benjamin S. Giese, Soon Il An, Boris Dewitte, Sulian Thual, Sang-Wook Yeh, Byung-Kwon Moon, Instituto del Mar del Peru (IMARPE), Echanges Côte-Large (ECOLA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Electrotechnique, d'Electronique, d'Informatique, d'Hydraulique et de Télécommunications (ENSEEIHT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Department of Atmospheric Science, Global Environmental Laboratory [Seoul], Yonsei University, Division of Science Education, Institute of Science Education, Chonbuk National University, Department of Oceanography [College Station], Texas A&M University [College Station], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Simple Ocean Data Assimilation, Baroclinity, Zonal and meridional, Empirical orthogonal functions, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, OCEAN, EL-NINO, 14. Life underwater, TROPICAL PACIFIC, MODULATION, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, OGCM SIMULATION, COUPLED MODEL, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Ocean current, Mode (statistics), Rossby wave, AMPLITUDE, DECADAL VARIABILITY, 13. Climate action, Climatology, SOUTH-PACIFIC, INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY, Thermocline, Geology
Abstract: The Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) reanalysis (1958–2001) is used to investigate the decadal variability in the equatorial thermocline in the Pacific. Whereas the thermocline depth exhibits weak variation at decadal time scales, the temperature change in the vicinity of the thermocline in the western Pacific is significant and has a vertical scale of ∼150 m. Based on a modal decomposition of the model variability, it is shown that such temperature change can be interpreted to a large extent as vertical displacements of the isotherms associated with the Kelvin and first meridional Rossby waves of the first three baroclinic modes. This indicates that decadal change at the subsurface in the warm pool region may be forced by the winds, consistent with the results of a multimode linear model simulation. The decadal mode of vertical temperature can be described by the first two dominant statistical modes (EOFs): the first mode is associated with changes in the slope of the thermocline (swallowing in the western-central Pacific and deepening in the eastern Pacific), representative of the 1976/77 climate shift and ahead of the ENSO modulation; and the second mode corresponds to a basinwide uplift of the thermocline and behind the ENSO modulation. It is further shown that the subsurface temperature in the warm pool region is negatively skewed, which results from the ENSO asymmetry. The results are consistent with the hypothesis of change in mean state resulting from the residual effect of the asymmetric ENSO variability.
Published: 2009

12. Simultaneous determination of picogram per gram concentrations of Ba, Pb and Pb isotopes in Greenland ice by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry

Author: Kevin J.R. Rosman, Jean-Pierre Candelone, Salah I. Jimi, Laurie J. Burn, Claude F. Boutron, Sungmin Hong, Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UFR de Mécanique et de Physique, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Korean Ocean Research and development Institute, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Analytical chemistry, Thermal ionization, chemistry.chemical_element, Laki, Isotope dilution, Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Isotopic signature, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, TIMS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Isotope, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Firn, Barium, 0104 chemical sciences, Lead isotopes, 13. Climate action, Ice cores, Mass spectrum, Volcanoes
Abstract: A technique has been developed to simultaneously measure picogram per gram concentrations of Ba and Pb by isotope dilution mass spectrometry, as well as Pb isotopic ratios in polar ice by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. $$ {\text{BaPO}}^{ + }_{{\text{2}}} $$ and Pb+ ions were employed for these determinations. A calibrated mixture of enriched 205Pb and 137Ba was added to the samples providing an accuracy of better than approximately 2% for Pb/Ba element ratio determinations. Interference by molecular ions in the Pb mass spectrum occurred only at 204Pb and 205Pb, but these contributions were negligible in terms of precisions expected on picogram-sized Pb samples. The technique is illustrated with measurements on Greenland firn, using a drill-core section that includes the Laki volcanic eruption of 1783–1784. The data show deviations from the element concentrations indicating volatile metal enrichments, but the Pb isotopic signature of the Laki lava could not be identified.
Published: 2008

13. Rectification of the ENSO variability by interdecadal changes in the equatorial background mean state in a CGCM simulation

Author: Sang-Wook Yeh, Carole Cibot, Byung-Kwon Moon, Boris Dewitte, Laurent Terray, Echanges Côte-Large (ECOLA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Division of Science Education/Institute of Science Education, Chonbuk National University, Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique (CERFACS), CERFACS, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Advection, Baroclinity, General circulation models, Stratification (water), Decadal variability, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Flattening, Sea surface temperature, Seesaw molecular geometry, 13. Climate action, Skewness, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Climatology, 14. Life underwater, ENSO, Thermocline, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Coupled models
Abstract: The link between the changes in equatorial background stratification and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) modulation is investigated using a simulation from a 260-yr-long coupled general circulation model (CGCM). The work focuses on the role of nonlinearities associated with equatorial wave dynamics. As a first step, the low-frequency change in mean stratification is diagnosed and documented from the shallow-water parameters derived from a vertical mode decomposition of the CGCM. The parameters vary differently according to the baroclinic mode order, which may explain why a flattening thermocline does not necessarily lead to reduced ENSO activity. Estimations of baroclinic mode contributions to zonal current anomalies indicate that the decadal variability projects differently for the baroclinic modes as compared to the interannual variability. In particular, the high-order modes associated with decadal variability have a more pronounced signature in the western Pacific, whereas that associated with interannual variability (i.e., ENSO) shows more energy in the eastern Pacific. In the light of the results of the CGCM vertical mode decomposition, an intermediate coupled model (ICM) is used to test whether the nonlinearities associated with the changes in the baroclinic mode energy distribution can lead to coherent ENSO modulation. The results indicate that rectification of the interannual variability (ENSO time scales) by the interdecadal variability associated with changes in the oceanic mean states takes place in the ICM. The rectified effect results mostly in an increased variability and skewness of the zonal advection, which tends to produce a zonal seesaw of the sea surface temperature anomaly. A tropical mechanism for producing ENSO modulation is then proposed that reconciles both the rectified effect resulting from nonlinearities associated with equatorial wave dynamics and the tropical decadal mode of thermocline depth arising from Ekman-pumping anomalies located in the central South Pacific.
Published: 2007

14. Source of low frequency modulation of ENSO amplitude in a CGCM

Author: Jong-Ghap Jhun, Byung-Kwon Moon, Sang-Wook Yeh, Boris Dewitte, In-Sik Kang, Division of Science Education, Chonbuk National University, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Echanges Côte-Large (ECOLA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Seoul] (SEES), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), and Climate Environment System Research Center [Seoul] (CES)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010505 oceanography, Baroclinity, Wind stress, Stratification (water), 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Amplitude modulation, Sea surface temperature, Amplitude, 13. Climate action, Climatology, parasitic diseases, Thermocline, Geology, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Teleconnection
Abstract: We study the relationship between changes in equatorial stratification and low frequency El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) amplitude modulation in a coupled general circulation model (CGCM) that uses an anomaly coupling strategy to prevent climate drifts in the mean state. The stratification is intensified at upper levels in the western and central equatorial Pacific during periods of high ENSO amplitude. Furthermore, changes in equatorial stratification are connected with subsurface temperature anomalies originating from the central south tropical Pacific. The correlation analysis of ocean temperature anomalies against an index for the ENSO modulation supports the hypothesis of the existence of an oceanic "tunnel" that connects the south tropical Pacific to the equatorial wave guide. Further analysis of the wind stress projection coefficient onto the oceanic baroclinic modes suggests that the low frequency modulation of ENSO amplitude is associated with a significant contribution of higher-order modes in the western and central equatorial Pacific. In the light of these results, we suggest that, in the CGCM, change in the baroclinic mode energy distribution associated with low frequency ENSO amplitude modulation have its source in the central south tropical Pacific.
Published: 2007

15. Characterization of the NIST seaweed Standard Reference Material

Author: L. Aldave de las Heras, Ian W. Croudace, Arvic Harms, G. A. Peck, Iisa Outola, Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza, Dirk Arnold, P. A. Smedley, Gi Hoon Hong, Kenneth G. W. Inn, L.K. Fifield, P. Bouisset, Tarja K. Ikäheimonen, Elis Holm, A. Raaum, S. Bohrer, M. K. Pham, A. E. Litherland, D. S. Sill, A Arinc, M. P. Anton, J. Twining, Maria Betti, Lindis Skipperud, G. C. Krijger, James J. Filliben, Pavel P. Povinec, M. J. Youngman, Phillip E. Warwick, S. Klemola, H. J. Wei, H. Wershofen, C. Gasco, S. M. Vakulovsky, Stephen G. Tims, J. La Rosa, Henning Dahlgaard, C. A. McMahon, William E. Kieser, National Institute of Standards and Technology [Gaithersburg] (NIST), Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Australian National University (ANU), The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Marine Environment Laboratories [Monaco] (IAEA-MEL), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), IsoTrace Laboratories, University of Toronto, JRC Institute for Transuranium Elements [Karlsruhe] (ITU ), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Karlsruhe] (JRC), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Lund University [Lund], Agricultural University of Norway, National Physical Laboratory [Teddington] (NPL), National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB), Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt [Braunschweig] (PTB), Risø National Laboratory, Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority [Helsinki] (STUK), and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)
Subjects: Water Pollutants, Radioactive, radioisotope decay, International Cooperation, Characterization, Median methods, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, Guidelines as Topic, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, Radiation Dosage, 01 natural sciences, Sensitivity and Specificity, thorium, uranium, Reference Values, radioisotope, Evaluation, intermethod comparison, Radioisotopes, Radionuclide, analytic method, Radiation, nonhuman, Waste management, 010401 analytical chemistry, article, Thorium, Reproducibility of Results, reference value, standard, Uranium, Reference Standards, technique, Seaweed, 0104 chemical sciences, Natural decay series, Certified reference materials, Radioactivity, chemistry, priority journal, Intermethod comparison, Thorium series, NIST, radiation measurement, radiation monitoring
Abstract: The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Material (SRM) for seaweed was developed through an interlaboratory comparison with 24 participants from 16 countries. After evaluating different techniques to calculate certified values for the radionuclides, the median method was found to be the most representative technique. The certified values were provided for 13 radionuclides and information values were given for 15 more radionuclides. Results for the natural decay series showed disequilibrium in both the uranium and thorium series. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2006

16. A climatic control on the accretion of meteoric and super-chondritic iridium–platinum to the Antarctic ice cap

Author: Jean-Robert Petit, Paolo Cescon, Vladimir Ya. Lipenkov, Carlo Barbante, Claude F. Boutron, Giulio Cozzi, John M. C. Plane, Sungmin Hong, Paolo Gabrielli, Paul J. Crutzen, Christophe Ferrari, Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR, University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Leeds], University of Leeds, Unité de Formation et de Recherche de Physique, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Environmental Sciences Department, Polytech' Grenoble, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI), Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Korean Ocean Research and development Institute
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Earth science, Geochemistry, ice, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Ice cap climate, Ice core, Geochemistry and Petrology, Polar vortex, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Glacial period, platinum, meteoric smoke, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, climate, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Meteoroid, Accretion (meteorology), iridium, Snow, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Antarctica, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Meteoric smoke particles (MSPs) form through the vaporization of meteoroids and the subsequent re-condensation of metallic species in the mesosphere. Recently, iridium and platinum enrichments have been identified in Greenland ice layers and attributed to the fallout of MSPs supplying polar latitudes with cosmic matter during the Holocene. However, the MSP fallout to Antarctica during the Earth's climatic history remains essentially unknown. We have determined iridium and platinum in deep Antarctic ice from Dome C and Vostok dated back to 240 kyrs BP. We find high super-chondritic fluxes during warm periods and low meteoric accretion during glacial times, a pattern that is opposite to any known climatic variation in dust fallout to polar regions. The proposed explanation of this accretion regime is a weaker polar vortex during warm periods, allowing peripheral air masses enriched in volcanic iridium and platinum to penetrate inland to Antarctica. The MSP signal emerges only during cold phases and is four times lower than in the Greenland ice cap where more snow accumulates. This suggests that wet deposition is an important route of cosmic material to the Earth's surface.
Published: 2006

17. Variations in atmospheric trace elements in Dome C (East Antarctica) ice over the last two climatic cycles

Author: Frédéric Planchon, Vania Gaspari, Paolo Gabrielli, Christophe Ferrari, G. Cozzi, Claude F. Boutron, Sungmin Hong, Clara Turetta, Paolo Cescon, Carlo Barbante, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environmental Sciences Department, University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Polytech' Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Korean Ocean Research and development Institute, European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, geography, Trace elements, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, Ice, 010501 environmental sciences, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Troposphere, Volcano, Ice core, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Atmospheric chemistry, Interglacial, Antarctica, Climatic cycles, Glacial period, Quaternary, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract: International audience; Concentrations of Li, Mg, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, As, Rb, Cd, Ba and Bi have been determined by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) in various sections of the new Dome C EPICA Antarctic ice core, down to the depth of 2193 m, covering a time period of two climatic cycles. The time resolution of these records is at least twice as good as previously published ultra trace elements profiles obtained from the Vostok ice core. During the 217 kyr period spanned by this record, a high variability in concentrations is observed for most elements, with low values during warm periods and high values during cold periods. The highest concentrations are recorded at the times of the last two glacial maxima (20 and 140 kyr BP). The timing and the amplitude of the main concentration peaks match remarkably well the insoluble dust concentration profile. It confirms that dust was the main carrier of atmospheric trace elements to East Antarctica during the cold periods. For Ba, Co, Cu and Rb the crustal contribution was also dominant during warm periods. For other elements the situation is more complex during interglacial periods, when other sources such as volcanic quiescent emissions, became possibly significant for several trace elements such as Cd and Bi. Peculiarly high concentration values are observed for Cd and Bi for a short depth interval dated at 18 kyr BP. It is the same depth interval in which elevated F− values were previously observed. These very high concentrations are attributed to fallout from major local volcanic emissions at that time.
Published: 2005

18. Snow chemistry across Antarctica

Author: Bertler, N., Mayewski, P. A., Genthon, C., Aristarain, A., Barrett, P., Becagli, Silvia, Bernardo, R., Bo, S., Xiao, C., Curran, M., Qin, D., Dixon, D., Ferron, F., Fisher, H., Frey, M. M., Frezzotti, Massimo, Fundel, F., Genthon, Christian, Gragnani, Roberto, Hamilton, G., Handley, M., Hong, Sungmin, Isaksson, E., Kang, J., Ren, J., Kamiyama, K., Kanamori, S., Karkas, E., Karlof, L., Kaspari, S., Kreutz, K., Kurbatov, A., Meyerson, E., Ming, Y., Zhang, M., Motoyama, H., Mulvaney, R., Oerter, H., Osterberg, E., Proposito, Marco, Pyne, A., Ruth, U., Simões, J., Smith, B., Sneed, S., Teinilä, K., Traufetter, F., Udisti, Roberto, Virkkula, A., Watanabe, Osamu, Williamson, Ben, Winther, J.-G., Li, Y., Wolff, E., Li, Zhenyu, Zielinski, A., Bertler, N., Mayewski, P. A., Aristarain, A., Barrett, P., Becagli, S., Bernardo, R., Bo, S., Xiao, C., Curran, M., Qin, D., Dixon, D. A., Ferron, F., Fischer, H., Frey, M., Frezzotti, M., Fundel, F., Genthon, C., Gragnani, R., Hamilton, G. S., Handley, M., Hong, S., Isaksson, E., Kang, J., Ren, J., Kamiyama, K., Kanamori, S., Karkas, E., Karlof, L., Kaspari, S., Kreutz, K., Kurbatov, A., Meyerson, E., Ming, Y., Zhang, M., Motoyama, H., Mulvaney, R., Oerter, H., Osterberg, E., Proposito, M., Pyne, A., Ruth, U., Simoes, J., Smith, B., Sneed, S., Teinila, K., Traufetter, F., Udisti, R., Virkkula, A., Watanabe, O., Williamson, B., Winther, J. -G., Li, Y., Wolff, E., Li, Z., Zielinski, A., Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Research Center for Development of Far Infrared Region, University of Fukui, Research and Development, Futurelab, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Florence (UNIFI), Laboratoire d'Economie de la Production et de l'Intégration Internationale (LEPII), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Korean Ocean Research and development Institute
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Chemistry, Climate change, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Snow, 01 natural sciences, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Data compilation, Physical geography, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, China, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: An updated compilation of published and new data of major-ion (Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Na, NO3, SO4) and methylsulfonate (MS) concentrations in snow from 520 Antarctic sites is provided by the national ITASE (International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition) programmes of Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, the United Kingdom, the United States and the national Antarctic programme of Finland. The comparison shows that snow chemistry concentrations vary by up to four orders of magnitude across Antarctica and exhibit distinct geographical patterns. The Antarctic-wide comparison of glaciochemical records provides a unique opportunity to improve our understanding of the fundamental factors that ultimately control the chemistry of snow or ice samples. This paper aims to initiate data compilation and administration in order to provide a framework for facilitation of Antarctic-wide snow chemistry discussions across all ITASE nations and other contributing groups. The data are made available through the ITASE web page (http://www2.umaine.edu/itase/content/syngroups/snowchem.html) and will be updated with new data as they are provided. In addition, recommendations for future research efforts are summarized.
Published: 2005

19. Glacial-interglacial changes in the occurrence of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in Vostok Antarctic ice from 240 000 to 410 000 years BP

Author: Claude F. Boutron, Carlo Barbante, Khanghyun Lee, J. R. Petit, Soon Do Hur, Vladimir Ya. Lipenkov, Paolo Gabrielli, Gabriele Capodaglio, Sungmin Hong, Christophe Ferrari, Clara Turetta, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Korean Ocean Research and development Institute, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Environmental Sciences Department, University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR, Polytech' Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI), Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Geologic Sediments, Time Factors, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate, chemistry.chemical_element, Antarctic Regions, Zinc, Volcanic Eruptions, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Ice core, Metals, Heavy, Ice Cover, Glacial period, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, heavy metals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Cadmium, geography.geographical_feature_category, Lead (sea ice), Ice, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, Before Present, Oceanography, Volcano, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Interglacial, Antarctica, Geology, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) have been measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry in various sections of the 3623 m deep ice core drilled at Vostok, in central East Antarctica. The sections were dated from 240 to 410 kyear BP (Marine Isotopic Stages (MIS) 7.5 to 11.3), which corresponds to the 3rd and 4th glacial-interglacial cycles before present. Concentrations are found to have varied greatly during this 170 kyear time period, with high concentration values during the coldest climatic stages such as MIS 8.4 and 10.2 and much lower concentration values during warmer periods, such as the interglacials MIS 7.5, 9.3 and 11.3. Rock and soil dust were the dominant sources for Pb, whatever the period, and for Zn and Cu and possibly Cd during cold climatic stages. The contribution from volcanic emissions was important for Cd during all periods and might have been significant for Cu and Zn during warm periods.
Published: 2005

20. Trace elements in Vostok Antarctic ice during the last four climatic cycles

Author: Jean-Robert Petit, Paolo Cescon, Frédéric Planchon, Claude F. Boutron, Soon Do Hur, Sungmin Hong, Khang Hyun Lee, Carlo Barbante, Christophe Ferrari, Paolo Gabrielli, Vladimir Ya. Lipenkov, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environmental Sciences Department, University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Polytech' Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI), Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joint program involving Russia, France, USA, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Korean Ocean Research and development Institute, and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Earth science, ice, trace elements, 010501 environmental sciences, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Ice core, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Ice age, Stadial, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, Sea salt aerosol, climate, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geophysics, Volcano, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Vostok, Interglacial, Aeolian processes, Inductively coupled plasma, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Li, V, Cr, Mn, Co, As, Rb, Sr, Ba, Bi and U were determined by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) in various sections of the 3623 m Vostok deep Antarctic ice core dated from 4600 to 410,000 years BP, which corresponds to the last four climatic cycles back to isotopic stage 11.3. Concentrations of all elements were found to be highly variable with low values during interglacial periods and warm interstadials and much higher values during the coldest periods of the last four ice ages. Crustal enrichment factors suggest various sources for the different elements. Rock and soil dust is the dominant source of V, Mn, Rb, Ba and U whatever the period, and of Li, Cr, Co, Sr and As during cold periods. Sea salt aerosol, together with aeolian dust, also contributes significantly to Sr whereas volcanic emissions could provide a significant input for As and Bi especially during warm periods.
Published: 2005

21. Biomarker responses in caged rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) from Masan Bay and Haegeumgang, South Korea.

Author: Jung JH, Kim SJ, Lee TK, Shim WJ, Woo S, Kim DJ, and Han CH
Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase metabolism, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Biomarkers analysis, Brain enzymology, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 chemistry, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 genetics, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Korea, Liver enzymology, Molecular Sequence Data, Muscles enzymology, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Sequence Alignment, Biomarkers metabolism, Fisheries instrumentation, Fishes metabolism
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare enzymatic biomarker activities in fish caged at two sites, Masan Bay (contaminated) and Haeguemgang (reference). In the present study, ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), brain acetyl cholinesterase (bAChE), muscle acetyl cholinesterase (mAChE) and butyryl cholinesterase (mBChE) in caged rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) were measured 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after caging. The level of CYP1A mRNA and Protein expression was induced higher in Masan Bay at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after caging. EROD activity in the caged fish was significantly higher in Masan Bay than in Haeguemgang 3 and 7 days after caging, but not at 14 and 30 days after caging. bAChE activity was significantly inhibited at 7 and 14 days after caging in Masan Bay. However, mBChE activity was not significantly inhibited during the experiment. Taken together, the data suggest that the caged fish were exposed, at least transiently, to CYP1A inducers and ChE inhibitors, which is consistent with our previous observations.
Published: 2008
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21 results on '"Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI)"'

1. El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity

2. First characterisation of the populations and immune-related activities of hemocytes from two edible gastropod species, the disk abalone, Haliotis discus discus and the spiny top shell, Turbo cornutus

3. The impact of climatic conditions on Pb and Sr isotopic ratios found in Greenland ice, 7–150 ky BP

4. Circulation in Drake Passage revisited using new current time series and satellite altimetry: 2. The Ona Basin

5. Tintinnid ciliates of Amundsen Sea (Antarctica) plankton communities

6. Circulation in Drake Passage revisited using new current time series and satellite altimetry: 1. The Yaghan Basin

7. Southern ocean biogeography of tintinnid ciliates of the marine plankton

8. Acetylthiocholine (ATC) - cleaving cholinesterase (ChE) activity as a potential biomarker of pesticide exposure in the Manila clam, , of Korea

9. On varying b-values with depth: results from computer-intensive tests for Southern California

10. Changes in mixed layer depth under climate change projections in two CGCMs

11. Low-Frequency Variability of Temperature in the Vicinity of the Equatorial Pacific Thermocline in SODA: Role of Equatorial Wave Dynamics and ENSO Asymmetry

12. Simultaneous determination of picogram per gram concentrations of Ba, Pb and Pb isotopes in Greenland ice by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry

13. Rectification of the ENSO variability by interdecadal changes in the equatorial background mean state in a CGCM simulation

14. Source of low frequency modulation of ENSO amplitude in a CGCM

15. Characterization of the NIST seaweed Standard Reference Material

16. A climatic control on the accretion of meteoric and super-chondritic iridium–platinum to the Antarctic ice cap

17. Variations in atmospheric trace elements in Dome C (East Antarctica) ice over the last two climatic cycles

18. Snow chemistry across Antarctica

19. Glacial-interglacial changes in the occurrence of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in Vostok Antarctic ice from 240 000 to 410 000 years BP

20. Trace elements in Vostok Antarctic ice during the last four climatic cycles

21. Biomarker responses in caged rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) from Masan Bay and Haegeumgang, South Korea.

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21 results on '"Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI)"'

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