Search

Your search keyword '"Koricheva, J"' showing total 166 results
Start Over Author "Koricheva, J"
166 results on '"Koricheva, J"'

1. Enhancing tree performance through species mixing: review of a quarter-century of TreeDivNet experiments reveals research gaps and practical insights

Author

Depauw, L., De Lombaerde, E., Dhiedt, E., Blondeel, H., Abdala-Roberts, L., Auge, Harald, Barsoum, N., Bauhus, J., Chu, C., Damtew, A., Eisenhauer, N., Fagundes, M.V., Ganade, G., Gendreau-Berthiaume, B., Godbold, D., Gravel, D., Guillemot, J., Hajek, P., Hector, A., Hérault, B., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Kreft, H., Liu, X., Mereu, S., Messier, C., Muys, B., Nock, C.A., Paquette, A., Parker, J.D., Parker, W.C., Paterno, G.B., Perring, M.P., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Rewald, B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schnabel, F., Sousa-Silva, R., Weih, M., Zemp, D.C., Verheyen, K., Baeten, L., Depauw, L., De Lombaerde, E., Dhiedt, E., Blondeel, H., Abdala-Roberts, L., Auge, Harald, Barsoum, N., Bauhus, J., Chu, C., Damtew, A., Eisenhauer, N., Fagundes, M.V., Ganade, G., Gendreau-Berthiaume, B., Godbold, D., Gravel, D., Guillemot, J., Hajek, P., Hector, A., Hérault, B., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Kreft, H., Liu, X., Mereu, S., Messier, C., Muys, B., Nock, C.A., Paquette, A., Parker, J.D., Parker, W.C., Paterno, G.B., Perring, M.P., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Rewald, B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schnabel, F., Sousa-Silva, R., Weih, M., Zemp, D.C., Verheyen, K., and Baeten, L.

Abstract

Purpose of Review International ambitions for massive afforestation and restoration are high. To make these investments sustainable and resilient under future climate change, science is calling for a shift from planting monocultures to mixed forests. But what is the scientific basis for promoting diverse plantations, and what is the feasibility of their establishment and management? As the largest global network of tree diversity experiments, TreeDivNet is uniquely positioned to answer these pressing questions. Building on 428 peer-reviewed TreeDivNet studies, combined with the results of a questionnaire completed by managers of 32 TreeDivNet sites, we aimed to answer the following questions: (i) How and where have TreeDivNet experiments enabled the relationship between tree diversity and tree performance (including productivity, survival, and pathogen damage) to be studied, and what has been learned? (ii) What are the remaining key knowledge gaps in our understanding of the relationship between tree diversity and tree performance? and (iii) What practical insights can be gained from the TreeDivNet experiments for operational, real-world forest plantations? Recent Findings We developed a conceptual framework that identifies the variety of pathways through which target tree performance is related to local neighbourhood diversity and mapped the research efforts for each of those pathways. Experimental research on forest mixtures has focused primarily on direct tree diversity effects on productivity, with generally positive effects of species and functional diversity on productivity. Fewer studies focused on indirect effects mediated via biotic growing conditions (e.g. soil microbes and herbivores) and resource availability and uptake. Most studies examining light uptake found positive effects of species diversity. For pests and diseases, the evidence points mostly towards lower levels of infection for target trees when growing in mixed plantations. Tree diversity effe

Published
2024

2. Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought

Author

Blondeel, H., Guillemot, J., Martin-StPaul, N., Druel, A., Bilodeau-Gauthier, S., Bauhus, J., Grossiord, C., Hector, A., Jactel, H., Jensen, J., Messier, C., Muys, B., Serrano-León, H., Auge, Harald, Barsoum, N., Birhane, E., Bruelheide, H., Cavender-Bares, J., Chu, C., Cumming, J.R., Damtew, A., Eisenhauer, N., Ferlian, O., Fiedler, S., Ganade, G., Godbold, D.L., Gravel, D., Hall, J.S., Hölscher, D., Hulvey, K.B., Koricheva, J., Kreft, H., Lapadat, C., Liang, J., Liu, X., Meredieu, C., Mereu, S., Montgomery, R., Morillas, L., Nock, C., Paquette, A., Parker, J.D., Parker, W.C., Paterno, G.B., Perring, M.P., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Rentch, J., Rewald, B., Sandén, H., Sinacore, K., Standish, R.J., Stefanski, A., Tobin, P.C., van Breugel, M., Vergara Fagundes, M., Weih, M., Williams, L.J., Zhou, M., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Baeten, L., Blondeel, H., Guillemot, J., Martin-StPaul, N., Druel, A., Bilodeau-Gauthier, S., Bauhus, J., Grossiord, C., Hector, A., Jactel, H., Jensen, J., Messier, C., Muys, B., Serrano-León, H., Auge, Harald, Barsoum, N., Birhane, E., Bruelheide, H., Cavender-Bares, J., Chu, C., Cumming, J.R., Damtew, A., Eisenhauer, N., Ferlian, O., Fiedler, S., Ganade, G., Godbold, D.L., Gravel, D., Hall, J.S., Hölscher, D., Hulvey, K.B., Koricheva, J., Kreft, H., Lapadat, C., Liang, J., Liu, X., Meredieu, C., Mereu, S., Montgomery, R., Morillas, L., Nock, C., Paquette, A., Parker, J.D., Parker, W.C., Paterno, G.B., Perring, M.P., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Rentch, J., Rewald, B., Sandén, H., Sinacore, K., Standish, R.J., Stefanski, A., Tobin, P.C., van Breugel, M., Vergara Fagundes, M., Weih, M., Williams, L.J., Zhou, M., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., and Baeten, L.

Abstract

Enhancing tree diversity may be important to fostering resilience to drought-related climate extremes. So far, little attention has been given to whether tree diversity can increase the survival of trees and reduce its variability in young forest plantations.We conducted an analysis of seedling and sapling survival from 34 globally distributed tree diversity experiments (363,167 trees, 168 species, 3744 plots, 7 biomes) to answer two questions: (1) Do drought and tree diversity alter the mean and variability in plot-level tree survival, with higher and less variable survival as diversity increases? and (2) Do species that survive poorly in monocultures survive better in mixtures and do specific functional traits explain monoculture survival?Tree species richness reduced variability in plot-level survival, while functional diversity (Rao's Q entropy) increased survival and also reduced its variability. Importantly, the reduction in survival variability became stronger as drought severity increased. We found that species with low survival in monocultures survived comparatively better in mixtures when under drought. Species survival in monoculture was positively associated with drought resistance (indicated by hydraulic traits such as turgor loss point), plant height and conservative resource-acquisition traits (e.g. low leaf nitrogen concentration and small leaf size).Synthesis. The findings highlight: (1) The effectiveness of tree diversity for decreasing the variability in seedling and sapling survival under drought; and (2) the importance of drought resistance and associated traits to explain altered tree species survival in response to tree diversity and drought. From an ecological perspective, we recommend mixing be considered to stabilize tree survival, particularly when functionally diverse forests with drought-resistant species also promote high survival of drought-sensitive species.

Published
2024

3. Globally, functional traits are weak predictors of juvenile tree growth, and we do not know why

Author

Paine, CET, Amissah, L, Auge, H, Baraloto, C, Baruffol, M, Bourland, N, Bruelheide, H, Daïnou, K, de Gouvenain, RC, Doucet, JL, Doust, S, Fine, PVA, Fortunel, C, Haase, J, Holl, KD, Jactel, H, Li, X, Kitajima, K, Koricheva, J, Martínez-Garza, C, Messier, C, Paquette, A, Philipson, C, Piotto, D, Poorter, L, Posada, JM, Potvin, C, Rainio, K, Russo, SE, Ruiz-Jaen, M, Scherer-Lorenzen, M, Webb, CO, Wright, SJ, Zahawi, RA, and Hector, A

Subjects
functional ecology, FunDivEurope, growth, hierarchical models, plant population and community dynamics, relative growth rate, size-standardized growth rate, TreeDivNet, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences
Abstract

Plant functional traits, in particular specific leaf area (SLA), wood density and seed mass, are often good predictors of individual tree growth rates within communities. Individuals and species with high SLA, low wood density and small seeds tend to have faster growth rates. If community-level relationships between traits and growth have general predictive value, then similar relationships should also be observed in analyses that integrate across taxa, biogeographic regions and environments. Such global consistency would imply that traits could serve as valuable proxies for the complex suite of factors that determine growth rate, and, therefore, could underpin a new generation of robust dynamic vegetation models. Alternatively, growth rates may depend more strongly on the local environment or growth-trait relationships may vary along environmental gradients. We tested these alternative hypotheses using data on 27 352 juvenile trees, representing 278 species from 27 sites on all forested continents, and extensive functional trait data, 38% of which were obtained at the same sites at which growth was assessed. Data on potential evapotranspiration (PET), which summarizes the joint ecological effects of temperature and precipitation, were obtained from a global data base. We estimated size-standardized relative height growth rates (SGR) for all species, then related them to functional traits and PET using mixed-effect models for the fastest growing species and for all species together. Both the mean and 95th percentile SGR were more strongly associated with functional traits than with PET. PET was unrelated to SGR at the global scale. SGR increased with increasing SLA and decreased with increasing wood density and seed mass, but these traits explained only 3.1% of the variation in SGR. SGR-trait relationships were consistently weak across families and biogeographic zones, and over a range of tree statures. Thus, the most widely studied functional traits in plant ecology were poor predictors of tree growth over large scales. Synthesis. We conclude that these functional traits alone may be unsuitable for predicting growth of trees over broad scales. Determining the functional traits that predict vital rates under specific environmental conditions may generate more insight than a monolithic global relationship can offer. The most widely studied functional traits in plant ecology, specific leaf area, wood density and seed mass, were only weakly associated with tree growth rates over broad scales. Assessing trait-growth relationships under specific environmental conditions may generate more insight than a global relationship can offer.

Published
2015

4. Ecosystem Effects of Biodiversity Manipulations in European Grasslands

Author

Spehn, E. M., Hector, A., Joshi, J., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schmid, B., Bazeley-White, E., Beierkuhnlein, C., Caldeira, M. C., Diemer, M., Dimitrakopoulos, P. G., Finn, J. A., Freitas, H., Giller, P. S., Good, J., Harris, R., Högberg, P., Huss-Danell, K., Jumpponen, A., Koricheva, J., Leadley, P. W., Loreau, M., Minns, A., Mulder, C. P. H., O'Donovan, G., Otway, S. J., Pereira, J. S., Pfisterer, A. B., Prinz, A., Read, D. J., Terry, A. C., Troumbis, A. Y., Woodward, F. I., Yachi, S., and Lawton, J. H.

Published
2005

6. Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

Author

Halpern, BS, Halpern, BS, Boettiger, C, Dietze, MC, Gephart, JA, Gonzalez, P, Grimm, NB, Groffman, PM, Gurevitch, J, Hobbie, SE, Komatsu, KJ, Kroeker, KJ, Lahr, HJ, Lodge, DM, Lortie, CJ, Lowndes, JSS, Micheli, F, Possingham, HP, Ruckelshaus, MH, Scarborough, C, Wood, CL, Wu, GC, Aoyama, L, Arroyo, EE, Bahlai, CA, Beller, EE, Blake, RE, Bork, KS, Branch, TA, Brown, NEM, Brun, J, Bruna, EM, Buckley, LB, Burnett, JL, Castorani, MCN, Cheng, SH, Cohen, SC, Couture, JL, Crowder, LB, Dee, LE, Dias, AS, Diaz-Maroto, IJ, Downs, MR, Dudney, JC, Ellis, EC, Emery, KA, Eurich, JG, Ferriss, BE, Fredston, A, Furukawa, H, Gagné, SA, Garlick, SR, Garroway, CJ, Gaynor, KM, González, AL, Grames, EM, Guy-Haim, T, Hackett, E, Hallett, LM, Harms, TK, Haulsee, DE, Haynes, KJ, Hazen, EL, Jarvis, RM, Jones, K, Kandlikar, GS, Kincaid, DW, Knope, ML, Koirala, A, Kolasa, J, Kominoski, JS, Koricheva, J, Lancaster, LT, Lawlor, JA, Lowman, HE, Muller-Karger, FE, Norman, KEA, Nourn, N, O'Hara, CC, Ou, SX, Padilla-Gamino, JL, Pappalardo, P, Peek, RA, Pelletier, D, Plont, S, Ponisio, LC, Portales-Reyes, C, Provete, DB, Raes, EJ, Ramirez-Reyes, C, Ramos, I, Record, S, Richardson, AJ, Salguero-Gómez, R, Satterthwaite, EV, Schmidt, C, Schwartz, AJ, See, CR, Shea, BD, Smith, RS, Sokol, ER, Halpern, BS, Halpern, BS, Boettiger, C, Dietze, MC, Gephart, JA, Gonzalez, P, Grimm, NB, Groffman, PM, Gurevitch, J, Hobbie, SE, Komatsu, KJ, Kroeker, KJ, Lahr, HJ, Lodge, DM, Lortie, CJ, Lowndes, JSS, Micheli, F, Possingham, HP, Ruckelshaus, MH, Scarborough, C, Wood, CL, Wu, GC, Aoyama, L, Arroyo, EE, Bahlai, CA, Beller, EE, Blake, RE, Bork, KS, Branch, TA, Brown, NEM, Brun, J, Bruna, EM, Buckley, LB, Burnett, JL, Castorani, MCN, Cheng, SH, Cohen, SC, Couture, JL, Crowder, LB, Dee, LE, Dias, AS, Diaz-Maroto, IJ, Downs, MR, Dudney, JC, Ellis, EC, Emery, KA, Eurich, JG, Ferriss, BE, Fredston, A, Furukawa, H, Gagné, SA, Garlick, SR, Garroway, CJ, Gaynor, KM, González, AL, Grames, EM, Guy-Haim, T, Hackett, E, Hallett, LM, Harms, TK, Haulsee, DE, Haynes, KJ, Hazen, EL, Jarvis, RM, Jones, K, Kandlikar, GS, Kincaid, DW, Knope, ML, Koirala, A, Kolasa, J, Kominoski, JS, Koricheva, J, Lancaster, LT, Lawlor, JA, Lowman, HE, Muller-Karger, FE, Norman, KEA, Nourn, N, O'Hara, CC, Ou, SX, Padilla-Gamino, JL, Pappalardo, P, Peek, RA, Pelletier, D, Plont, S, Ponisio, LC, Portales-Reyes, C, Provete, DB, Raes, EJ, Ramirez-Reyes, C, Ramos, I, Record, S, Richardson, AJ, Salguero-Gómez, R, Satterthwaite, EV, Schmidt, C, Schwartz, AJ, See, CR, Shea, BD, Smith, RS, and Sokol, ER

Abstract

Synthesis research in ecology and environmental science improves understanding, advances theory, identifies research priorities, and supports management strategies by linking data, ideas, and tools. Accelerating environmental challenges increases the need to focus synthesis science on the most pressing questions. To leverage input from the broader research community, we convened a virtual workshop with participants from many countries and disciplines to examine how and where synthesis can address key questions and themes in ecology and environmental science in the coming decade. Seven priority research topics emerged: (1) diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ), (2) human and natural systems, (3) actionable and use-inspired science, (4) scale, (5) generality, (6) complexity and resilience, and (7) predictability. Additionally, two issues regarding the general practice of synthesis emerged: the need for increased participant diversity and inclusive research practices; and increased and improved data flow, access, and skill-building. These topics and practices provide a strategic vision for future synthesis in ecology and environmental science.

Published
2023

7. The Balance Between Resource Sequestration and Retention: A Challenge in Plant Science

Author

Matyssek, R., Koricheva, J., Schnyder, H., Ernst, D., Munch, J. C., Oßwald, W., Pretzsch, H., Caldwell, Martyn M., Series editor, Heldmaier, Gerhard, Series editor, Jackson, Robert B., Series editor, Universität Würzburg, Prof. Dr. Prof. Dr. Otto L. Lange, Series editor, Mooney, Harold A., Series editor, Schulze, Ernst-Detlef, Series editor, Sommer, Ulrich, Series editor, Matyssek, Rainer, editor, Schnyder, Hans, editor, Oßwald, Wolfgang, editor, Ernst, Dieter, editor, Munch, Jean Charles, editor, and Pretzsch, Hans, editor

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. The Design of Experimental Tree Plantations for Functional Biodiversity Research

Author

Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Potvin, C., Koricheva, J., Schmid, B., Hector, A., Bornik, Z., Reynolds, G., Schulze, E.-D., Caldwell, M. M., editor, Heldmaier, G., editor, Jackson, R. B., editor, Lange, O. L., editor, Mooney, H. A., editor, Schulze, E.- D., editor, Sommer, U., editor, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, editor, Körner, Christian, editor, and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef, editor

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Tree diversity effects on soil microbial biomass and respiration are context dependent across forest diversity experiments

Author

Cesarz, S., Craven, D., Auge, Harald, Bruelheide, H., Castagneyrol, B., Gutknecht, J., Hector, A., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Messier, C., Muys, B., O’Brien, M.J., Paquette, A., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Smith, A.R., Verheyen, K., Eisenhauer, N., Cesarz, S., Craven, D., Auge, Harald, Bruelheide, H., Castagneyrol, B., Gutknecht, J., Hector, A., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Messier, C., Muys, B., O’Brien, M.J., Paquette, A., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Smith, A.R., Verheyen, K., and Eisenhauer, N.

Abstract

Aim Soil microorganisms are essential for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Although soil microbial communities and functions are linked to tree species composition and diversity, there has been no comprehensive study of the generality or context dependence of these relationships. Here, we examine tree diversity–soil microbial biomass and respiration relationships across environmental gradients using a global network of tree diversity experiments. Location Boreal, temperate, subtropical and tropical forests. Time period 2013. Major taxa studied Soil microorganisms. Methods Soil samples collected from 11 tree diversity experiments were used to measure microbial respiration, biomass and respiratory quotient using the substrate-induced respiration method. All samples were measured using the same analytical device, method and procedure to reduce measurement bias. We used linear mixed-effects models and principal components analysis (PCA) to examine the effects of tree diversity (taxonomic and phylogenetic), environmental conditions and interactions on soil microbial properties. Results Abiotic drivers, mainly soil water content, but also soil carbon and soil pH, significantly increased soil microbial biomass and respiration. High soil water content reduced the importance of other abiotic drivers. Tree diversity had no effect on the soil microbial properties, but interactions with phylogenetic diversity indicated that the effects of diversity were context dependent and stronger in drier soils. Similar results were found for soil carbon and soil pH. Main conclusions Our results indicate the importance of abiotic variables, especially soil water content, for maintaining high levels of soil microbial functions and modulating the effects of other environmental drivers. Planting tree species with diverse water-use strategies and structurally complex canopies and high leaf area might be crucial for maintaining high soil microbial biomass and respiration. Give

Published
2022

12. Training future generations to deliver evidence‐based conservation and ecosystem management

Author

Downey, H, Amano, T, Cadotte, M, Cook, CN, Cooke, SJ, Haddaway, NR, Jones, JPG, Littlewood, N, Walsh, JC, Abrahams, MI, Adum, G, Akasaka, M, Alves, JA, Antwis, RE, Arellano, EC, Axmacher, J, Barclay, H, Batty, L, Benítez‐López, A, Bennett, JR, Berg, MJ, Bertolino, S, Biggs, D, Bolam, FC, Bray, T, Brook, BW, Bull, JW, Burivalova, Z, Cabeza, M, Chauvenet, ALM, Christie, AP, Cole, L, Cotton, AJ, Cotton, S, Cousins, SAO, Craven, D, Cresswell, W, Cusack, JJ, Dalrymple, SE, Davies, ZG, Diaz, A, Dodd, JA, Felton, A, Fleishman, E, Gardner, CJ, Garside, R, Ghoddousi, A, Gilroy, JJ, Gill, DA, Gill, JA, Glew, L, Grainger, MJ, Grass, AA, Greshon, S, Gundry, J, Hart, T, Hopkins, CR, Howe, C, Johnson, A, Jones, KW, Jordan, NR, Kadoya, T, Kerhoas, D, Koricheva, J, Lee, TM, Lengyel, S, Livingstone, SW, Lyons, A, McCabe, G, Millett, J, Strevens, CM, Moolna, A, Mossman, HL, Mukherjee, N, Muñoz‐Sáez, A, Negrões, N, Norfolk, O, Osawa, T, Papworth, S, Park, KJ, Pellet, J, Phillott, AD, Plotnik, JM, Priatna, D, Ramos, AG, Randall, N, Richards, RM, Ritchie, Euan G, Roberts, DL, Rocha, R, Rodríguez, JP, Sanderson, R, Sasaki, T, Savilaakso, S, Sayer, C, Sekercioglu, C, Senzaki, M, Smith, G, Smith, RJ, Soga, M, Soulsbury, CD, Steer, MD, Stewart, G, Strange, EF, Suggitt, AJ, Thompson, RRJ, Thompson, S, Thornhill, I, Trevelyan, RJ, Usieta, HO, Venter, O, Webber, AD, White, RL, Whittingham, MJ, Wilby, A, Yarnell, RW, Zamora, V, Sutherland, WJ, Downey, H, Amano, T, Cadotte, M, Cook, CN, Cooke, SJ, Haddaway, NR, Jones, JPG, Littlewood, N, Walsh, JC, Abrahams, MI, Adum, G, Akasaka, M, Alves, JA, Antwis, RE, Arellano, EC, Axmacher, J, Barclay, H, Batty, L, Benítez‐López, A, Bennett, JR, Berg, MJ, Bertolino, S, Biggs, D, Bolam, FC, Bray, T, Brook, BW, Bull, JW, Burivalova, Z, Cabeza, M, Chauvenet, ALM, Christie, AP, Cole, L, Cotton, AJ, Cotton, S, Cousins, SAO, Craven, D, Cresswell, W, Cusack, JJ, Dalrymple, SE, Davies, ZG, Diaz, A, Dodd, JA, Felton, A, Fleishman, E, Gardner, CJ, Garside, R, Ghoddousi, A, Gilroy, JJ, Gill, DA, Gill, JA, Glew, L, Grainger, MJ, Grass, AA, Greshon, S, Gundry, J, Hart, T, Hopkins, CR, Howe, C, Johnson, A, Jones, KW, Jordan, NR, Kadoya, T, Kerhoas, D, Koricheva, J, Lee, TM, Lengyel, S, Livingstone, SW, Lyons, A, McCabe, G, Millett, J, Strevens, CM, Moolna, A, Mossman, HL, Mukherjee, N, Muñoz‐Sáez, A, Negrões, N, Norfolk, O, Osawa, T, Papworth, S, Park, KJ, Pellet, J, Phillott, AD, Plotnik, JM, Priatna, D, Ramos, AG, Randall, N, Richards, RM, Ritchie, Euan G, Roberts, DL, Rocha, R, Rodríguez, JP, Sanderson, R, Sasaki, T, Savilaakso, S, Sayer, C, Sekercioglu, C, Senzaki, M, Smith, G, Smith, RJ, Soga, M, Soulsbury, CD, Steer, MD, Stewart, G, Strange, EF, Suggitt, AJ, Thompson, RRJ, Thompson, S, Thornhill, I, Trevelyan, RJ, Usieta, HO, Venter, O, Webber, AD, White, RL, Whittingham, MJ, Wilby, A, Yarnell, RW, Zamora, V, and Sutherland, WJ

Published
2021

13. For the sake of resilience and multifunctionality, let's diversify planted forests!

Author

Messier, C., Bauhus, J., Sousa-Silva, R., Auge, Harald, Baeten, L., Barsoum, N., Bruelheide, H., Caldwell, B., Cavender-Bares, J., Dhiedt, E., Eisenhauer, N., Ganade, G., Gravel, D., Guillemot, J., Hall, J.S., Hector, A., Hérault, B., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Kreft, H., Mereu, S., Muys, B., Nock, C.A., Paquette, A., Parker, J.D., Perring, M.P., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schnabel, F., Verheyen, K., Weih, M., Wollni, M., Zemp, D.C., Messier, C., Bauhus, J., Sousa-Silva, R., Auge, Harald, Baeten, L., Barsoum, N., Bruelheide, H., Caldwell, B., Cavender-Bares, J., Dhiedt, E., Eisenhauer, N., Ganade, G., Gravel, D., Guillemot, J., Hall, J.S., Hector, A., Hérault, B., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Kreft, H., Mereu, S., Muys, B., Nock, C.A., Paquette, A., Parker, J.D., Perring, M.P., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schnabel, F., Verheyen, K., Weih, M., Wollni, M., and Zemp, D.C.

Abstract

As of 2020, the world has an estimated 290 million ha of planted forests and this number is continuously increasing. Of these, 131 million ha are monospecific planted forests under intensive management. Although monospecific planted forests are important in providing timber, they harbor less biodiversity and are potentially more susceptible to disturbances than natural or diverse planted forests. Here, we point out the increasing scientific evidence for increased resilience and ecosystem service provision of functionally and species diverse planted forests (hereafter referred to as diverse planted forests) compared to monospecific ones. Furthermore, we propose five concrete steps to foster the adoption of diverse planted forests: (1) improve awareness of benefits and practical options of diverse planted forests among land-owners, managers, and investors; (2) incentivize tree species diversity in public funding of afforestation and programs to diversify current maladapted planted forests of low diversity; (3) develop new wood-based products that can be derived from many different tree species not yet in use; (4) invest in research to assess landscape benefits of diverse planted forests for functional connectivity and resilience to global-change threats; and (5) improve the evidence base on diverse planted forests, in particular in currently under-represented regions, where new options could be tested.   &nbsp

Published
2021

14. Tree phylogenetic diversity structures multitrophic communities

Author

Koricheva, Julia, Koricheva, J ( Julia ), Staab, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-7576, Liu, Xiaojuan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9292-4432, Assmann, Thorsten; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-769X, Bruelheide, Helge; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-0356, Buscot, François; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2364-0006, Durka, Walter; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6611-2246, Erfmeier, Alexandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1002-9216, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2139-8575, Ma, Keping; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-5340, Michalski, Stefan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8969-7355, Wubet, Tesfaye; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8572-4486, Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214, Schuldt, Andreas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-0025, Koricheva, Julia, Koricheva, J ( Julia ), Staab, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-7576, Liu, Xiaojuan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9292-4432, Assmann, Thorsten; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-769X, Bruelheide, Helge; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-0356, Buscot, François; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2364-0006, Durka, Walter; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6611-2246, Erfmeier, Alexandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1002-9216, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2139-8575, Ma, Keping; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-5340, Michalski, Stefan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8969-7355, Wubet, Tesfaye; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8572-4486, Schmid, Bernhard; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-3214, and Schuldt, Andreas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-0025

Abstract

Plant diversity begets diversity at other trophic levels. While species richness is the most commonly used measure for plant diversity, the number of evolutionary lineages (i.e. phylogenetic diversity) could theoretically have a stronger influence on the community structure of co-occurring organisms. However, this prediction has only rarely been tested in complex real-world ecosystems. Using a comprehensive multitrophic dataset of arthropods and fungi from a species-rich subtropical forest, we tested whether tree species richness or tree phylogenetic diversity relates to the diversity and composition of organisms. We show that tree phylogenetic diversity but not tree species richness determines arthropod and fungi community composition across trophic levels and increases the diversity of predatory arthropods but decreases herbivorous arthropod diversity. The effect of tree phylogenetic diversity was not mediated by changed abundances of associated organisms, indicating that evolutionarily more diverse plant communities increase niche opportunities (resource diversity) but not necessarily niche amplitudes (resource amount). Our findings suggest that plant evolutionary relatedness structures multitrophic communities in the studied species-rich forests and possibly other ecosystems at large. As global change non-randomly threatens phylogenetically distinct plant species, far-reaching consequences on associated communities are expected.

Published
2021

18. How do trees respond to species mixing in experimental compared to observational studies?

Author

Kambach, Stephan, Allan, E., Bilodeau-Gauthier, S., Coomes, D.A., Haase, J., Jucker, T., Kunstler, G., Müller, S., Nock, C., Paquette, A., van der Plas, F., Ratcliffe, S., Roger, F., Ruiz‐Benito, P., Scherer‐Lorenzen, M., Auge, Harald, Bouriaud, O., Castagneyrol, B., Dahlgren, J., Gamfeldt, L., Jactel, H., Kändler, G., Koricheva, J., Lehtonen, A., Muys, B., Ponette, Q., Setiawan, N., Van de Peer, T., Verheyen, K., Zavala, M.A., Bruelheide, H., Kambach, Stephan, Allan, E., Bilodeau-Gauthier, S., Coomes, D.A., Haase, J., Jucker, T., Kunstler, G., Müller, S., Nock, C., Paquette, A., van der Plas, F., Ratcliffe, S., Roger, F., Ruiz‐Benito, P., Scherer‐Lorenzen, M., Auge, Harald, Bouriaud, O., Castagneyrol, B., Dahlgren, J., Gamfeldt, L., Jactel, H., Kändler, G., Koricheva, J., Lehtonen, A., Muys, B., Ponette, Q., Setiawan, N., Van de Peer, T., Verheyen, K., Zavala, M.A., and Bruelheide, H.

Abstract

For decades, ecologists have investigated the effects of tree species diversity on tree productivity at different scales and with different approaches ranging from observational to experimental study designs. Using data from five European national forest inventories (16,773 plots), six tree species diversity experiments (584 plots), and six networks of comparative plots (169 plots), we tested whether tree species growth responses to species mixing are consistent and therefore transferrable between those different research approaches. Our results confirm the general positive effect of tree species mixing on species growth (16% on average) but we found no consistency in species‐specific responses to mixing between any of the three approaches, even after restricting comparisons to only those plots that shared similar mixtures compositions and forest types. These findings highlight the necessity to consider results from different research approaches when selecting species mixtures that should maximize positive forest biodiversity and functioning relationships.

Published
2019

19. Identifying the tree species compositions that maximize ecosystem functioning in European forests

Author

European Commission, Benavides, Raquel [0000-0003-2328-5371], Valladares, Fernando [0000-0002-5374-4682], Bastias, Cristina C. [0000-0002-2479-2001], Allan, Eric [0000-0001-9641-9436], Baeten, L., Bruelheide, H., van der Plas, F., Kambach, S., Ratcliffe, S., Jucker, T., Allan, Eric, Ampoorter, E., Barbaro, L., Bastias, Cristina C., Bauhus, J., Benavides, Raquel, Bonal, D., Bouriaud, O., Bussotti, F., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Charbonnier, Y., Checko, Ewa, Coomes, David A., Dahlgren, J., Dawud, S.M., De Wandeler, H., Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Fischer, Markus, Fotelli, M., Gessler, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Hättenschwiler, S., Jactel, H., Jaroszewicz, B., Joly, François‐Xavier, Koricheva, J., Lehtonen, A., Müller, S., Muys, Bart, Nguyen, D., Pollastrini, M., Radoglou, K., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Ruiz-Benito, P., Selvi, F., Stenlid, J., Valladares Ros, Fernando, Vesterdal, L., Verheyen, K., Wirth, C., Zavala, M.A., European Commission, Benavides, Raquel [0000-0003-2328-5371], Valladares, Fernando [0000-0002-5374-4682], Bastias, Cristina C. [0000-0002-2479-2001], Allan, Eric [0000-0001-9641-9436], Baeten, L., Bruelheide, H., van der Plas, F., Kambach, S., Ratcliffe, S., Jucker, T., Allan, Eric, Ampoorter, E., Barbaro, L., Bastias, Cristina C., Bauhus, J., Benavides, Raquel, Bonal, D., Bouriaud, O., Bussotti, F., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Charbonnier, Y., Checko, Ewa, Coomes, David A., Dahlgren, J., Dawud, S.M., De Wandeler, H., Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Fischer, Markus, Fotelli, M., Gessler, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Hättenschwiler, S., Jactel, H., Jaroszewicz, B., Joly, François‐Xavier, Koricheva, J., Lehtonen, A., Müller, S., Muys, Bart, Nguyen, D., Pollastrini, M., Radoglou, K., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Ruiz-Benito, P., Selvi, F., Stenlid, J., Valladares Ros, Fernando, Vesterdal, L., Verheyen, K., Wirth, C., and Zavala, M.A.

Abstract

Forest ecosystem functioning generally benefits from higher tree species richness, but variation within richness levels is typically large. This is mostly due to the contrasting performances of communities with different compositions. Evidence-based understanding of composition effects on forest productivity, as well as on multiple other functions will enable forest managers to focus on the selection of species that maximize functioning, rather than on diversity per se. We used a dataset of 30 ecosystem functions measured in stands with different species richness and composition in six European forest types. First, we quantified whether the compositions that maximize annual above-ground wood production (productivity) generally also fulfil the multiple other ecosystem functions (multifunctionality). Then, we quantified the species identity effects and strength of interspecific interactions to identify the “best” and “worst” species composition for multifunctionality. Finally, we evaluated the real-world frequency of occurrence of best and worst mixtures, using harmonized data from multiple national forest inventories. The most productive tree species combinations also tended to express relatively high multifunctionality, although we found a relatively wide range of compositions with high- or low-average multifunctionality for the same level of productivity. Monocultures were distributed among the highest as well as the lowest performing compositions. The variation in functioning between compositions was generally driven by differences in the performance of the component species and, to a lesser extent, by particular interspecific interactions. Finally, we found that the most frequent species compositions in inventory data were monospecific stands and that the most common compositions showed below-average multifunctionality and productivity. Synthesis and applications. Species identity and composition effects are essential to the development of high-performing product

Published
2019

20. La cartographie continentale des fonctions des écosystèmes forestier révèle un potentiel élevé mais non réalisé de multifonctionnalité

Author

FONS VAN DER, P., RATCLIFFE, S., RUIZ-BENITO, P., SCHERER-LORENZEN, Michael, VERHEYEN, Kris, WIRTH, C., ZAVALA, M.A., AMPOORTER, E., BAETEN, L., BARBARO, Luc, BASTIAS, C.C., BAUHUS, Juergen, BENAVIDES, R., BENNETER, A., BONAL, Damien, BOURIAUD, Olivier, BRUELHEIDE, H., BUSSOTTI, F., CARNOL, M., CASTAGNEYROL, Bastien, CHARBONNIER, Yohan, CORNELISSEN, J.H.C., DAHLGREN, J., CHECKO, E., COPPI, A., DAWUD, S.M., DECONCHAT, Marc, DE SMEDT, P., DE WANDELER, H., DOMISCH, T., FINÉR, L., FOTELLI, M., GESSLER, Arthur, GRANIER, A., GROSSIORD, Charlotte, GUYOT, V., HAASE, J., HÄTTENSCHWILER, Stephan, JACTEL, Hervé, JAROSZEWICZ, B., JOLY, F.X., JUCKER, T., KAMBACH, S., KAENDLER, Gerald, KATTGE, J., KORICHEVA, J., KUNSTLER, Georges, LEHTONEN, A., LIEBERGESELL, M., MANNING, P., MILLIGAN, H., MULLER, S., MUYS, Bart, NGUYEN, D., NOCK, C., OHSE, B., PAQUETTE, Alain, PENUELAS, J., POLLASTRINI, M., RADOGLOU, K., RAULUND-RASMUSSEN, K., ROGER, F., SEIDL, R., SELVI, F., STENLID, J., VALLADARES, Fernando, VAN KEER, J., VESTERDAL, L., FISCHER, M., GAMFELDT, L., and ALLAN, E.

Subjects
fundiveurope
Published
2018

21. Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals widespread synergies

Author

Van Der Plas , F, Ratcliffe, Sophia, Ruiz Benito, Paloma, Scherer-Lorenzen , Michael, Verheyen , K., Wirth, C., Zavala Gironés, Miguel Ángel de, Ampoorter , E, Baeten , L, Barbaro , L, Crespo, C, Bauhus , J, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Charbonnier , Y, Cornelissen, J.H.C., Dahlgren, J., Checko , E, Coppi , A, Dawud , S, Deconchat , M, Desmedt , P, De Wandeler , H, Domisch , T, Finer , L., Fotelli , M, Gessler , A, Granier , A, Grossiord , C, Guyot , V, Haase , J, Hattenschwiler , S, Jactel , H, Jaroszewicz , B, Joly , F-X, Jucker , T, Kambach , S, Kändler, Gerald, Kattge, Jens, Koricheva , J, Kunstler, Georges, Lehtonen, Aleksi, Liebergesell, M, Manning , P, Milligan , H, Müller , S, Muys, Bart, Nguyen , D, Nock , C, Ohse , B, Paquette , A., Peñuelas Rubira, Juan Luis, Pollastrini , M, Radoglou , K, Raulund-Rasmussen , K, Roger , F, Seidl , R, Selvi , F, Stenlid , J, Valladares Ros, Fernando, Vesterdal , L, Fischer , M, Gamfeldt , L, Eric , E, and Universidad de Alcalá. Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida

Subjects
Medio Ambiente, Climate, Upscaling, Ecosystem services, Tree communities, Biodiversity, Forest, Environmental science, Ecosystem multifunctionality, Phylogenetic diversity
Abstract

Humans require multiple services from ecosystems, but it is largely unknown whether trade‐offs between ecosystem functions prevent the realisation of high ecosystem multifunctionality across spatial scales. Here, we combined a comprehensive dataset (28 ecosystem functions measured on 209 forest plots) with a forest inventory dataset (105,316 plots) to extrapolate and map relationships between various ecosystem multifunctionality measures across Europe. These multifunctionality measures reflected different management objectives, related to timber production, climate regulation and biodiversity conservation/recreation. We found that trade‐offs among them were rare across Europe, at both local and continental scales. This suggests a high potential for 'win‐win' forest management strategies, where overall multifunctionality is maximised. However, across sites, multifunctionality was on average 45.8‐49.8% below maximum levels and not necessarily highest in protected areas. Therefore, using one of the most comprehensive assessments so far, our study suggests a high but largely unrealised potential for management to promote multifunctional forests.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Meta-analysis and the science of research synthesis

Author

Gurevitch, J, Koricheva, J, Nakagawa, S ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7765-5182, Stewart, G, Gurevitch, J, Koricheva, J, Nakagawa, S ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7765-5182, and Stewart, G

Abstract

Meta-analysis is the quantitative, scientific synthesis of research results. Since the term and modern approaches to research synthesis were first introduced in the 1970s, meta-analysis has had a revolutionary effect in many scientific fields, helping to establish evidence-based practice and to resolve seemingly contradictory research outcomes. At the same time, its implementation has engendered criticism and controversy, in some cases general and others specific to particular disciplines. Here we take the opportunity provided by the recent fortieth anniversary of meta-analysis to reflect on the accomplishments, limitations, recent advances and directions for future developments in the field of research synthesis.

Published
2018

23. A million and more trees for science

Author

Paquette, A., Hector, A., Vanhellemont, M., Koricheva, J., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Abdala-Roberts, L., Auge, H., Barsoum, N., Bauhus, J., Baum, C., Bruelheide, H., Castagneyrol, B., Cavender-Bares, J., Eisenhauer, N., Ferlian, O., Ganade, G., Godbold, D., Gravel, D., Hall, J., Hobbs, R., Hoelscher, D., Hulvey, K.B., Huxham, M., Jactel, H., Kreft, H., Liang, J., Mereu, S., Messier, C., Montgomery, R., Muys, B., Nock, C., Parker, J., Parker, W., Parra-Tabla, V., Perring, M.P., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Rewald, B., Sanden, H., Smith, A., Standish, R., Weih, M., Wollni, M., Zemp, D.C., Paquette, A., Hector, A., Vanhellemont, M., Koricheva, J., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Abdala-Roberts, L., Auge, H., Barsoum, N., Bauhus, J., Baum, C., Bruelheide, H., Castagneyrol, B., Cavender-Bares, J., Eisenhauer, N., Ferlian, O., Ganade, G., Godbold, D., Gravel, D., Hall, J., Hobbs, R., Hoelscher, D., Hulvey, K.B., Huxham, M., Jactel, H., Kreft, H., Liang, J., Mereu, S., Messier, C., Montgomery, R., Muys, B., Nock, C., Parker, J., Parker, W., Parra-Tabla, V., Perring, M.P., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P.B., Rewald, B., Sanden, H., Smith, A., Standish, R., Weih, M., Wollni, M., and Zemp, D.C.

Abstract

TreeDivNet is the largest network of biodiversity experiments worldwide, but needs to expand. We encourage colleagues to establish new experiments on the relation between tree species diversity and forest ecosystem functioning, and to make use of the platform for collaborative research.

Published
2018

24. Empowering peer reviewers with a checklist to improve transparency

Author

Parker, T.H., Griffith, S.C., Bronstein, J.L., Fidler, F., Foster, S., Fraser, H., Forstmeier, W., Gurevitch, J., Koricheva, J., Seppelt, Ralf, Tingley, M.W., Nakagawa, S., Parker, T.H., Griffith, S.C., Bronstein, J.L., Fidler, F., Foster, S., Fraser, H., Forstmeier, W., Gurevitch, J., Koricheva, J., Seppelt, Ralf, Tingley, M.W., and Nakagawa, S.

Abstract

Peer review is widely considered fundamental to maintaining the rigour of science, but it often fails to ensure transparency and reduce bias in published papers, and this systematically weakens the quality of published inferences. In part, this is because many reviewers are unaware of important questions to ask with respect to the soundness of the design and analyses, and the presentation of the methods and results; also some reviewers may expect others to be responsible for these tasks. We therefore present a reviewers’ checklist of ten questions that address these critical components. Checklists are commonly used by practitioners of other complex tasks, and we see great potential for the wider adoption of checklists for peer review, especially to reduce bias and facilitate transparency in published papers. We expect that such checklists will be well received by many reviewers.

Published
2018

25. Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality

Author

German Research Foundation, European Commission, Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación (España), Plas, Fons van der, Ratcliffe, Sophia, Ruiz‐Benito, Paloma, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Verheyen, K., Wirth, Christian, Zavala, Miguel A., Ampoorter, E., Baeten, Lander, Barbaro, Luc, Bastias, Cristina C., Bauhus, Jürgen, Benavides, Raquel, Benneter, Adam, Bonal, Damien, Bouriaud, Olivier, Bruelheide, Helge, Bussotti, Filippo, Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, Bastien, Charbonnier, Y., Cornelissen, Johannes H. C., Dahlgren, Jonas, Checko, Ewa, Coppi, A., Muhie Dawud, Seid, Deconchat, Marc, Smedt, Pallieter De, Wandeler, Hans De, Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Fotelli, Mariangela, Gessler, Arthur, Granier, André, Grossiord, Charlotte, Guyot, Virginie, Haase, Josephine, Hättenschwiler, S., Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Joly, François‐Xavier, Jucker, Tommaso, Kambach, Stephan, Kaendler, Gerald, Kattge, Jens, Koricheva, J., Kunstler, Georges, Lehtonen, Aleksi, Liebergesell, Mario, Manning, Peter, Milligan, H., Müller, Sandra, Muys, Bart, Nguyen, Diem, Nock, Charles A., Ohse, Bettina, Paquette, Alain, Peñuelas, Josep, Pollastrini, Martina, Radoglou, Kalliopi, Raulund‐Rasmussen, Karsten, Roger, Fabian, Seidl, Rupert, Selvi, Federico, Stenlid, Jan, Valladares Ros, Fernando, Keer, Johan van, Vesterdal, Lars, Fischer, Markus, Gamfeldt, Lars, Allan, Eric, German Research Foundation, European Commission, Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación (España), Plas, Fons van der, Ratcliffe, Sophia, Ruiz‐Benito, Paloma, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Verheyen, K., Wirth, Christian, Zavala, Miguel A., Ampoorter, E., Baeten, Lander, Barbaro, Luc, Bastias, Cristina C., Bauhus, Jürgen, Benavides, Raquel, Benneter, Adam, Bonal, Damien, Bouriaud, Olivier, Bruelheide, Helge, Bussotti, Filippo, Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, Bastien, Charbonnier, Y., Cornelissen, Johannes H. C., Dahlgren, Jonas, Checko, Ewa, Coppi, A., Muhie Dawud, Seid, Deconchat, Marc, Smedt, Pallieter De, Wandeler, Hans De, Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Fotelli, Mariangela, Gessler, Arthur, Granier, André, Grossiord, Charlotte, Guyot, Virginie, Haase, Josephine, Hättenschwiler, S., Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Joly, François‐Xavier, Jucker, Tommaso, Kambach, Stephan, Kaendler, Gerald, Kattge, Jens, Koricheva, J., Kunstler, Georges, Lehtonen, Aleksi, Liebergesell, Mario, Manning, Peter, Milligan, H., Müller, Sandra, Muys, Bart, Nguyen, Diem, Nock, Charles A., Ohse, Bettina, Paquette, Alain, Peñuelas, Josep, Pollastrini, Martina, Radoglou, Kalliopi, Raulund‐Rasmussen, Karsten, Roger, Fabian, Seidl, Rupert, Selvi, Federico, Stenlid, Jan, Valladares Ros, Fernando, Keer, Johan van, Vesterdal, Lars, Fischer, Markus, Gamfeldt, Lars, and Allan, Eric

Abstract

Humans require multiple services from ecosystems, but it is largely unknown whether trade‐offs between ecosystem functions prevent the realisation of high ecosystem multifunctionality across spatial scales. Here, we combined a comprehensive dataset (28 ecosystem functions measured on 209 forest plots) with a forest inventory dataset (105,316 plots) to extrapolate and map relationships between various ecosystem multifunctionality measures across Europe. These multifunctionality measures reflected different management objectives, related to timber production, climate regulation and biodiversity conservation/recreation. We found that trade‐offs among them were rare across Europe, at both local and continental scales. This suggests a high potential for ‘win‐win’ forest management strategies, where overall multifunctionality is maximised. However, across sites, multifunctionality was on average 45.8‐49.8% below maximum levels and not necessarily highest in protected areas. Therefore, using one of the most comprehensive assessments so far, our study suggests a high but largely unrealised potential for management to promote multifunctional forests.

Published
2018

27. Biotic homogenization is more detrimental than local species loss for landscape-scale forest multifunctionality

Author

van der Plas, F., Manning, P., Soliveres, S., Allan, E., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Wirth, C., Zavala, M., Ampoorter, E., Baeten, L., Barbaro, L., Bauhus, J., Benavides, R., Benneter, A., Bonal, D., Bouriaud, O., Bruelheide, H., Bussotti, F., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Charbonnier, Y., Coomes, D., Coppi, A., Bastias, C., Dawud, S., Wandeler, H., Domisch, T., Finér, L., Gessler, A., Granier, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Hättenschwiler, S., Jactel, H., Jaroszewicz, B., Joly, F., Jucker, T., Koricheva, J., Milligana, H., Mueller, S., Muys, B., Nguyenb, D., Pollastrini, M., Ratcliffe, S., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Selvi, F., Stenlid, J., Valladares, F., Vesterdal, L., Zielínski, D., and Fischer, M.

Abstract

Many experiments have shown that local biodiversity loss impairs the ability of ecosystems to maintain multiple ecosystem functions at high levels (multifunctionality). In contrast, the role of biodiversity in driving ecosystem multifunctionality at landscape scales remains unresolved. We used a comprehensive pan-European dataset, including 16 ecosystem functions measured in 209 forest plots across six European countries, and performed simulations to investigate how local plot-scale richness of tree species (α-diversity) and their turnover between plots (β-diversity) are related to landscape-scale multifunctionality. After accounting for variation in environmental conditions, we found that relationships between α-diversity and landscape-scale multifunctionality varied from positive to negative depending on the multifunctionality metric used. In contrast, when significant, relationships between β-diversity and landscape-scale multifunctionality were always positive, because a high spatial turnover in species composition was closely related to a high spatial turnover in functions that were supported at high levels. Our findings have major implications for forest management and indicate that biotic homogenization can have previously unrecognized and negative consequences for large-scale ecosystem multifunctionality

Published
2016

28. Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality

Author

van der Plas, F., Ratcliffe, S., Ruiz-Benito, P., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Wirth, C., Zavala, M.A., Ampoorter, E., Baeten, L., Barbaro, L., Bastias, C.C., Bauhus, J., Benavides, R., Benneter, A., Bonal, D., Bouriaud, O., Bruelheide, H., Bussotti, F., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Charbonnier, Y., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Dahlgren, J., Checko, E., Coppi, A., Dawud, S.M., Deconchat, M., De Smedt, P., De Wandeler, H., Domisch, T., Finér, L., Fotelli, M., Gessler, A., Granier, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Haase, J., Hättenschwiler, S., Jactel, H., Jaroszewicz, B., Joly, F.-X., Jucker, T., Kambach, Stephan, Kaendler, G., Kattge, J., Koricheva, J., Kunstler, G., Lehtonen, A., Liebergesell, M., Manning, P., Milligan, H., Müller, S., Muys, B., Nguyen, D., Nock, C., Ohse, B., Paquette, A., Peñuelas, J., Pollastrini, M., Radoglou, K., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Roger, F., Seidl, R., Selvi, F., Stenlid, J., Valladares, F., van Keer, J., Vesterdal, L., Fischer, M., Gamfeldt, L., Allan, E., van der Plas, F., Ratcliffe, S., Ruiz-Benito, P., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Wirth, C., Zavala, M.A., Ampoorter, E., Baeten, L., Barbaro, L., Bastias, C.C., Bauhus, J., Benavides, R., Benneter, A., Bonal, D., Bouriaud, O., Bruelheide, H., Bussotti, F., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Charbonnier, Y., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Dahlgren, J., Checko, E., Coppi, A., Dawud, S.M., Deconchat, M., De Smedt, P., De Wandeler, H., Domisch, T., Finér, L., Fotelli, M., Gessler, A., Granier, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Haase, J., Hättenschwiler, S., Jactel, H., Jaroszewicz, B., Joly, F.-X., Jucker, T., Kambach, Stephan, Kaendler, G., Kattge, J., Koricheva, J., Kunstler, G., Lehtonen, A., Liebergesell, M., Manning, P., Milligan, H., Müller, S., Muys, B., Nguyen, D., Nock, C., Ohse, B., Paquette, A., Peñuelas, J., Pollastrini, M., Radoglou, K., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Roger, F., Seidl, R., Selvi, F., Stenlid, J., Valladares, F., van Keer, J., Vesterdal, L., Fischer, M., Gamfeldt, L., and Allan, E.

Abstract

Humans require multiple services from ecosystems, but it is largely unknown whether trade-offs between ecosystem functions prevent the realisation of high ecosystem multifunctionality across spatial scales. Here, we combined a comprehensive dataset (28 ecosystem functions measured on 209 forest plots) with a forest inventory dataset (105,316 plots) to extrapolate and map relationships between various ecosystem multifunctionality measures across Europe. These multifunctionality measures reflected different management objectives, related to timber production, climate regulation and biodiversity conservation/recreation. We found that trade-offs among them were rare across Europe, at both local and continental scales. This suggests a high potential for ‘win-win’ forest management strategies, where overall multifunctionality is maximised. However, across sites, multifunctionality was on average 45.8-49.8% below maximum levels and not necessarily highest in protected areas. Therefore, using one of the most comprehensive assessments so far, our study suggests a high but largely unrealised potential for management to promote multifunctional forests.

Published
2017

29. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning relations in European forests depend on environmental context

Author

Ratcliffe, S., Wirth, C., Jucker, T., van der Plas, F., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Allan, E., Benavides, R., Bruelheide, H., Ohse, B., Paquette, A., Ampoorter, E., Bastias, C.C., Bauhus, J., Bonal, D., Bouriaud, O., Bussotti, F., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Chećko, E., Dawud, S.M., De Wandeler, H., Domisch, T., Finer, L., Fischer, M., Fotelli, M., Gessler, A., Granier, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Haase, J., Hättenschwiler, S., Jactel, H., Jaroszewicz, B., Joly, F.-X., Kambach, Stephan, Kolb, S., Koricheva, J., Liebersgesell, M., Milligan, H., Müller, S., Muys, B., Nguyen, D., Nock, C., Pollastrini, M., Purschke, O., Radoglou, K., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Roger, F., Ruiz-Benito, P., Seidl, R., Selvi, F., Seiferling, I., Stenlid, J., Valladares, F., Vesterdal, L., Baeten, L., Ratcliffe, S., Wirth, C., Jucker, T., van der Plas, F., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Allan, E., Benavides, R., Bruelheide, H., Ohse, B., Paquette, A., Ampoorter, E., Bastias, C.C., Bauhus, J., Bonal, D., Bouriaud, O., Bussotti, F., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Chećko, E., Dawud, S.M., De Wandeler, H., Domisch, T., Finer, L., Fischer, M., Fotelli, M., Gessler, A., Granier, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Haase, J., Hättenschwiler, S., Jactel, H., Jaroszewicz, B., Joly, F.-X., Kambach, Stephan, Kolb, S., Koricheva, J., Liebersgesell, M., Milligan, H., Müller, S., Muys, B., Nguyen, D., Nock, C., Pollastrini, M., Purschke, O., Radoglou, K., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Roger, F., Ruiz-Benito, P., Seidl, R., Selvi, F., Seiferling, I., Stenlid, J., Valladares, F., Vesterdal, L., and Baeten, L.

Abstract

The importance of biodiversity in supporting ecosystem functioning is generally well accepted. However, most evidence comes from small-scale studies, and scaling-up patterns of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (B-EF) remains challenging, in part because the importance of environmental factors in shaping B-EF relations is poorly understood. Using a forest research platform in which 26 ecosystem functions were measured along gradients of tree species richness in six regions across Europe, we investigated the extent and the potential drivers of context dependency of B-EF relations. Despite considerable variation in species richness effects across the continent, we found a tendency for stronger B-EF relations in drier climates as well as in areas with longer growing seasons and more functionally diverse tree species. The importance of water availability in driving context dependency suggests that as water limitation increases under climate change, biodiversity may become even more important to support high levels of functioning in European forests.

Published
2017

30. Diversity-dependent temporal divergence of ecosystem functioning in experimental ecosystems

Author

Guerrero-Ramírez, N.R., Craven, Dylan, Reich, P.B., Ewel, J.J., Isbell, F., Koricheva, J., Parrotta, J.A., Auge, Harald, Erickson, H.E., Forrester, D.I., Hector, A., Joshi, J., Montagnini, F., Palmborg, C., Piotto, D., Potvin, C., Roscher, Christiane, van Ruijven, J., Tilman, D., Wilsey, B., Eisenhauer, N., Guerrero-Ramírez, N.R., Craven, Dylan, Reich, P.B., Ewel, J.J., Isbell, F., Koricheva, J., Parrotta, J.A., Auge, Harald, Erickson, H.E., Forrester, D.I., Hector, A., Joshi, J., Montagnini, F., Palmborg, C., Piotto, D., Potvin, C., Roscher, Christiane, van Ruijven, J., Tilman, D., Wilsey, B., and Eisenhauer, N.

Abstract

The effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning generally increase over time, but the underlying processes remain unclear. Using 26 long-term grassland and forest experimental ecosystems, we demonstrate that biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships strengthen mainly by greater increases in functioning in high-diversity communities in grasslands and forests. In grasslands, biodiversity effects also strengthen due to decreases in functioning in low-diversity communities. Contrasting trends across grasslands are associated with differences in soil characteristics.

Published
2017

31. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning relations in European forests depend on environmental context

Author

European Commission, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Max Planck Society, Ratcliffe, Sophia, Wirth, Christian, Jucker, Tommaso, Plas, Fons van der, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Verheyen, K., Allan, Eric, Benavides, Raquel, Bruelheide, Helge, Ohse, Bettina, Paquette, Alain, Ampoorter, E., Bastias, Cristina C., Bauhus, Jürgen, Bonal, Damien, Bouriaud, Olivier, Bussotti, Filippo, Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, Bastien, Checko, Ewa, Dawud, S.M., Wandeler, Hans De, Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Fischer, Markus, Fotelli, Mariangela, Gessler, Arthur, Granier, André, Grossiord, Charlotte, Guyot, Virginie, Haase, Josephine, Hättenschwiler, S., Hervé Jactel, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Joly, François‐Xavier, Kambach, Stephan, Kolb, Simon, Koricheva, J., Liebersgesell, Mario, Milligan, H., Müller, Sandra, Muys, Bart, Nguyen, Diem, Nock, Charles A., Pollastrini, Martina, Purschke, Oliver, Radoglou, Kalliopi, Raulund‐Rasmussen, Karsten, Roger, Fabian, Ruiz‐Benito, Paloma, Seidl, Rupert, Selvi, Federico, Seiferling, Ian, Stenlid, Jan, Valladares Ros, Fernando, Vesterdal, Lars, Baeten, Lander, European Commission, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Max Planck Society, Ratcliffe, Sophia, Wirth, Christian, Jucker, Tommaso, Plas, Fons van der, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Verheyen, K., Allan, Eric, Benavides, Raquel, Bruelheide, Helge, Ohse, Bettina, Paquette, Alain, Ampoorter, E., Bastias, Cristina C., Bauhus, Jürgen, Bonal, Damien, Bouriaud, Olivier, Bussotti, Filippo, Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, Bastien, Checko, Ewa, Dawud, S.M., Wandeler, Hans De, Domisch, Timo, Finér, Leena, Fischer, Markus, Fotelli, Mariangela, Gessler, Arthur, Granier, André, Grossiord, Charlotte, Guyot, Virginie, Haase, Josephine, Hättenschwiler, S., Hervé Jactel, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Joly, François‐Xavier, Kambach, Stephan, Kolb, Simon, Koricheva, J., Liebersgesell, Mario, Milligan, H., Müller, Sandra, Muys, Bart, Nguyen, Diem, Nock, Charles A., Pollastrini, Martina, Purschke, Oliver, Radoglou, Kalliopi, Raulund‐Rasmussen, Karsten, Roger, Fabian, Ruiz‐Benito, Paloma, Seidl, Rupert, Selvi, Federico, Seiferling, Ian, Stenlid, Jan, Valladares Ros, Fernando, Vesterdal, Lars, and Baeten, Lander

Abstract

The importance of biodiversity in supporting ecosystem functioning is generally well accepted. However, most evidence comes from small‐scale studies, and scaling‐up patterns of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (B‐EF) remains challenging, in part because the importance of environmental factors in shaping B‐EF relations is poorly understood. Using a forest research platform in which 26 ecosystem functions were measured along gradients of tree species richness in six regions across Europe, we investigated the extent and the potential drivers of context dependency of B‐EF relations. Despite considerable variation in species richness effects across the continent, we found a tendency for stronger B‐EF relations in drier climates as well as in areas with longer growing seasons and more functionally diverse tree species. The importance of water availability in driving context dependency suggests that as water limitation increases under climate change, biodiversity may become even more important to support high levels of functioning in European forests.

Published
2017

32. Contributions of a global network of tree diversity experiments to sustainable forest plantations

Author

Verheyen, K., Vanhellemont, M., Auge, Harald, Baeten, L., Baraloto, C., Barsoum, N., Bilodeau-Gauthier, S., Bruelheide, H., Castagneyrol, B., Godbold, D., Haase, J., Hector, A., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Loreau, M., Mereu, S., Messier, C., Muys, B., Nolet, P., Paquette, A., Parker, J., Perring, M., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P., Smith, A., Weih, M., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Verheyen, K., Vanhellemont, M., Auge, Harald, Baeten, L., Baraloto, C., Barsoum, N., Bilodeau-Gauthier, S., Bruelheide, H., Castagneyrol, B., Godbold, D., Haase, J., Hector, A., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Loreau, M., Mereu, S., Messier, C., Muys, B., Nolet, P., Paquette, A., Parker, J., Perring, M., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P., Smith, A., Weih, M., and Scherer-Lorenzen, M.

Abstract

The area of forest plantations is increasing worldwide helping to meet timber demand and protect natural forests. However, with global change, monospecific plantations are increasingly vulnerable to abiotic and biotic disturbances. As an adaption measure we need to move to plantations that are more diverse in genotypes, species, and structure, with a design underpinned by science. TreeDivNet, a global network of tree diversity experiments, responds to this need by assessing the advantages and disadvantages of mixed species plantations. The network currently consists of 18 experiments, distributed over 36 sites and five ecoregions. With plantations 1–15 years old, TreeDivNet can already provide relevant data for forest policy and management. In this paper, we highlight some early results on the carbon sequestration and pest resistance potential of more diverse plantations. Finally, suggestions are made for new, innovative experiments in understudied regions to complement the existing network.

Published
2015

33. Globally, functional traits are weak predictors of juvenile tree growth, and we do not know why

Author

Paine, C.E.T., Amissah, L., Auge, Harald, Baraloto, C., Baruffol, M., Bourland, N., Bruelheide, H., Dainou, K., de Gouvenain, R.C., Doucet, J.-L., Doust, S., Fine, P.V.A., Fortunel, C., Haase, J., Holl, K.D., Jactel, H., Li, X., Kitajima, K., Koricheva, J., Martínez-Garza, C., Messier, C., Paquette, A., Philipson, C., Piotto, D., Poorter, L., Posada, J.M., Potvin, C., Rainio, K., Russo, S.E., Ruiz-Jaen, M., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Webb, C.O., Wright, S.J., Zahawi, R.A., Hector, A., Paine, C.E.T., Amissah, L., Auge, Harald, Baraloto, C., Baruffol, M., Bourland, N., Bruelheide, H., Dainou, K., de Gouvenain, R.C., Doucet, J.-L., Doust, S., Fine, P.V.A., Fortunel, C., Haase, J., Holl, K.D., Jactel, H., Li, X., Kitajima, K., Koricheva, J., Martínez-Garza, C., Messier, C., Paquette, A., Philipson, C., Piotto, D., Poorter, L., Posada, J.M., Potvin, C., Rainio, K., Russo, S.E., Ruiz-Jaen, M., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Webb, C.O., Wright, S.J., Zahawi, R.A., and Hector, A.

Abstract

Plant functional traits, in particular specific leaf area (SLA), wood density and seed mass, are often good predictors of individual tree growth rates within communities. Individuals and species with high SLA, low wood density and small seeds tend to have faster growth rates.If community-level relationships between traits and growth have general predictive value, then similar relationships should also be observed in analyses that integrate across taxa, biogeographic regions and environments. Such global consistency would imply that traits could serve as valuable proxies for the complex suite of factors that determine growth rate, and, therefore, could underpin a new generation of robust dynamic vegetation models. Alternatively, growth rates may depend more strongly on the local environment or growth–trait relationships may vary along environmental gradients.We tested these alternative hypotheses using data on 27 352 juvenile trees, representing 278 species from 27 sites on all forested continents, and extensive functional trait data, 38% of which were obtained at the same sites at which growth was assessed. Data on potential evapotranspiration (PET), which summarizes the joint ecological effects of temperature and precipitation, were obtained from a global data base.We estimated size-standardized relative height growth rates (SGR) for all species, then related them to functional traits and PET using mixed-effect models for the fastest growing species and for all species together.Both the mean and 95th percentile SGR were more strongly associated with functional traits than with PET. PET was unrelated to SGR at the global scale. SGR increased with increasing SLA and decreased with increasing wood density and seed mass, but these traits explained only 3.1% of the variation in SGR. SGR–trait relationships were consistently weak across families and biogeographic zones, and over a range of tree statures. Thus, the most widely studied functional traits in plant e

Published
2015

34. Assessing biodiversity effects on forest multi-functionality using a global network of tree diversity experiments

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Bruelheide, H, Paquette, A., Ponette, Quentin, Hector, A., Messier, C., Jactel, H., Verheyen, K., Reich, P., Koricheva, J., Huxham, M, Godbold, D., Perring, M, Barsoum, N, Hulvey, K, Potvin, C, XXIV IUFRO World Congress, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Bruelheide, H, Paquette, A., Ponette, Quentin, Hector, A., Messier, C., Jactel, H., Verheyen, K., Reich, P., Koricheva, J., Huxham, M, Godbold, D., Perring, M, Barsoum, N, Hulvey, K, Potvin, C, and XXIV IUFRO World Congress

Published
2014

37. Multi-trophic dynamics and ecosystem processes

Author

Raffaelli, D., Van der Putten, W.H., Persson, L., Wardle, D.A., Petchey, O.L., Koricheva, J., Van der Heijden, M., Mikola, J., Kennedy, T., Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Inchausti, P., Systems Ecology, and Multitrofe Interacties (CTE / MTI)

Published
2002

38. A novel comparative research platform designed to determine the functional significance of tree species diversity in European forests

Author

Baeten, L., Verheyen, K., Wirth, C., Bruelheide, H., Bussotti, F., Finér, L., Jaroszewicz, B., Selvi, F., Valladares, F., Allan, E., Ampoorter, E., Auge, Harald, Avăcăriei, D., Barbaro, L., Bărnoaiea, I., Bastias, C.C., Bauhus, J., Beinhoff, C., Benavides, R., Benneter, A., Berger, S., Berthold, F., Boberg, J., Bonal, D., Brüggemann, W., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Charbonnier, Y., Chećko, E., Coomes, D., Coppi, A., Dalmaris, E., Dănilă, G., Dawud, S.M., de Vries, W., De Wandeler, H., Deconchat, M., Domisch, T., Duduman, G., Fischer, M., Fotelli, M., Gessler, A., Gimeno, T.E., Granier, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Hantsch, L., Hättenschwiler, S., Hector, A., Hermy, M., Holland, V., Jactel, H., Joly, F.-X., Jucker, T., Kolb, S., Koricheva, J., Lexer, M.J., Liebergesell, M., Milligan, H., Müller, S., Muys, B., Nguyen, D., Nichiforel, L., Pollastrini, M., Proulx, R., Rabasa, S., Radoglou, K., Ratcliffe, S., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Seiferling, I., Stenlid, J., Vesterdal, L., von Wilpert, K., Zavala, M.A., Zielinski, D., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Baeten, L., Verheyen, K., Wirth, C., Bruelheide, H., Bussotti, F., Finér, L., Jaroszewicz, B., Selvi, F., Valladares, F., Allan, E., Ampoorter, E., Auge, Harald, Avăcăriei, D., Barbaro, L., Bărnoaiea, I., Bastias, C.C., Bauhus, J., Beinhoff, C., Benavides, R., Benneter, A., Berger, S., Berthold, F., Boberg, J., Bonal, D., Brüggemann, W., Carnol, M., Castagneyrol, B., Charbonnier, Y., Chećko, E., Coomes, D., Coppi, A., Dalmaris, E., Dănilă, G., Dawud, S.M., de Vries, W., De Wandeler, H., Deconchat, M., Domisch, T., Duduman, G., Fischer, M., Fotelli, M., Gessler, A., Gimeno, T.E., Granier, A., Grossiord, C., Guyot, V., Hantsch, L., Hättenschwiler, S., Hector, A., Hermy, M., Holland, V., Jactel, H., Joly, F.-X., Jucker, T., Kolb, S., Koricheva, J., Lexer, M.J., Liebergesell, M., Milligan, H., Müller, S., Muys, B., Nguyen, D., Nichiforel, L., Pollastrini, M., Proulx, R., Rabasa, S., Radoglou, K., Ratcliffe, S., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Seiferling, I., Stenlid, J., Vesterdal, L., von Wilpert, K., Zavala, M.A., Zielinski, D., and Scherer-Lorenzen, M.

Abstract

One of the current advances in functional biodiversity research is the move away from short-lived test systems towards the exploration of diversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in structurally more complex ecosystems. In forests, assumptions about the functional significance of tree species diversity have only recently produced a new generation of research on ecosystem processes and services. Novel experimental designs have now replaced traditional forestry trials, but these comparatively young experimental plots suffer from specific difficulties that are mainly related to the tree size and longevity. Tree species diversity experiments therefore need to be complemented with comparative observational studies in existing forests. Here we present the design and implementation of a new network of forest plots along tree species diversity gradients in six major European forest types: the FunDivEUROPE Exploratory Platform. Based on a review of the deficiencies of existing observational approaches and of unresolved research questions and hypotheses, we discuss the fundamental criteria that shaped the design of our platform. Key features include the extent of the species diversity gradient with mixtures up to five species, strict avoidance of a dilution gradient, special attention to community evenness and minimal covariation with other environmental factors. The new European research platform permits the most comprehensive assessment of tree species diversity effects on forest ecosystem functioning to date since it offers a common set of research plots to groups of researchers from very different disciplines and uses the same methodological approach in contrasting forest types along an extensive environmental gradient.

Published
2013

40. Multi-trophicdynamics and ecosystems processes

Author

Loreau, M, Naeem, S, Inchausti, P, Loreau, M ( M ), Naeem, S ( S ), Inchausti, P ( P ), Raffaelli, D, van der Putten, W H, Persson, L, Wardle, D A, Petchey, O L, Koricheva, J, van der Heijden, M, Mikola, J, Kennedy, T, Loreau, M, Naeem, S, Inchausti, P, Loreau, M ( M ), Naeem, S ( S ), Inchausti, P ( P ), Raffaelli, D, van der Putten, W H, Persson, L, Wardle, D A, Petchey, O L, Koricheva, J, van der Heijden, M, Mikola, J, and Kennedy, T

Published
2002

47. Interactions and competition processes among tree species in young experimental mixed forests, assessed with chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf morphology.

Author

Pollastrini, M., Holland, V., Brüggemann, W., Koricheva, J., Jussila, I., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Berger, S., and Bussotti, F.

Subjects
COMPETITION (Biology), PLANT species, LEAF morphology, FORESTS & forestry, CHLOROPHYLL, FOREST biodiversity, EXPERIMENTAL botany, PLANT canopies
Abstract

Chlorophyll a fluorescence ( Chl F) and leaf morphology were assessed in two sites in Europe ( Kaltenborn, Germany, and Satakunta, Finland) within a forest diversity experiment. Trees at Satakunta, planted in 1999, form a stratified canopy, while in Kaltenborn the trees are 7 years old, with no apparent canopy connection among broadleaf species. The following Chl F parameters from measured OJIP transient curves were examined: F V/ F M (a proxy for maximum quantum yield); Ψ Eo (a proxy for efficiency in transferring an electron from reduced QA to the electron transport chain); I- P phase (a proxy for efficiency of reducing final acceptors beyond PSI); and PI tot (total performance index for potential energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII to reduction of PSI end acceptors). At Satakunta F V/ F M and Ψ Eo in Betula pendula were higher in monocultures and lower in mixed plots, perhaps due to increasing light availability in mixed plots, which can induce photoinhibition. The opposite trend was observed in Picea abies, which was shaded in mixed plots. At Kaltenborn F V/ F M decreased in Fagus sylvatica and P. abies in mixed plots due to competition both above- and belowground. At Satakunta LMA increased in B. pendula leaves with increasing species richness. Leaf area of ten leaves was reduced in F. sylvatica in mixed plots at Kaltenborn. By up-scaling the overall fluorescence response to plot level ( PItot_plot), a significant positive correlation with tree diversity was found at Kaltenborn, but not at Satakunta. This could suggest that competition/facilitation processes in mixed stands play a significant role in the early stages of forest establishment, but then tend to be compensated in more mature stands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Training future generations to deliver evidence-based conservation and ecosystem management

Author

Downey, H, Amano, T, Cadotte, M, Cook, CN, Cooke, SJ, Haddaway, NR, Jones, JPG, Littlewood, N, Walsh, JC, Abrahams, MI, Adum, G, Akasaka, M, Alves, JA, Antwis, RE, Arellano, EC, Axmacher, J, Barclay, H, Batty, L, Benítez-López, A, Bennett, Berg, MJ, Bertolino, S, Biggs, D, Bolam, FC, Bray, T, Brook, BW, Bull, JW, Burivalova, Z, Cabeza, M, Chauvenet, ALM, Christie, AP, Cole, L, Cotton, AJ, Cotton, S, Cousins, SAO, Craven, D, Cresswell, W, Cusack, JJ, Dalrymple, SE, Davies, ZG, Diaz, A, Dodd, JA, Felton, A, Fleishman, E, Gardner, CJ, Garside, R, Ghoddousi, A, Gilroy, JJ, Gill, DA, Gill, JA, Glew, L, Grainger, MJ, Grass, AA, Greshon, S, Gundry, J, Hart, T, Hopkins, CR, Howe, C, Johnson, A, Jones, KW, Jordan, NR, Kadoya, T, Kerhoas, D, Koricheva, J, Lee, TM, Lengyel, S, Livingstone, SW, Lyons, A, McCabe, G, Millett, J, Strevens, CM, Moolna, A, Mossman, HL, Mukherjee, N, Muñoz-Sáez, A, Negrões, N, Norfolk, O, Osawa, T, Papworth, S, Park, KJ, Pellet, J, Phillott, AD, Plotnik, JM, Priatna, D, Ramos, AG, Randall, N, Richards, RM, Ritchie, EG, Roberts, DL, Rocha, R, Rodríguez, JP, Sanderson, R, Sasaki, T, Savilaakso, S, Sayer, C, Sekercioglu, C, Senzaki, M, Smith, G, Smith, RJ, and Soga, M

Subjects
open access, education, evidence, 4. Education, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, critical thinking, 15. Life on land
Abstract

To be effective, the next generation of conservation practitioners and managers need to be critical thinkers with a deep understanding of how to make evidence-based decisions and of the value of evidence synthesis. If, as educators, we do not make these priorities a core part of what we teach, we are failing to prepare our students to make an effective contribution to conservation practice. To help overcome this problem we have created open access online teaching materials in multiple languages that are stored in Applied Ecological Resources. So far, 117 educators from 23 countries have acknowledged the importance of this and are already teaching or about to teach skills in appraising or using evidence in conservation decision-making. This includes 145 undergraduate, postgraduate or professional development courses. We call for wider teaching of the tools and skills that facilitate evidence-based conservation and also suggest that providing online teaching materials in multiple languages could be beneficial for improving global understanding of other subject areas.

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results