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Infections with various bacteria, especially gram-negative aerobes, are a well-recognized problem in captive cold-blooded animals with immunocompromised health status, or in those kept under poor conditions. Pseudomonas is one of the most represented genera. Here, we present a case of fatal disseminated infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a captive green iguana kept at the “Pionirska dolina” Zoo in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. At necropsy, severe stomatitis, pneumonia, hepatitis and nephritis, accompanied with focally extensive dermatitis were observed. Histopathology revealed multifocal necrosis in various visceral organs. Culture and subsequent MALDI-TOF MS analysis were conducted to identify the isolate as P. aeruginosa. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed a wide susceptibility of the isolate, however applied therapy was instilled too late in the presented case. This case demonstrates the significance of timely and accurate identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates implicated in the pathology of captive reptiles. The importance of monitoring the adequate environmental conditions (enclosure temperature, humidity and conformation), health status and possible clinical signs of illness are highlighted.

This study investigates if a force-based teaching approach, based on quantum mechanical principles and developed in a lesson study, would enhance the understanding of chemical bonding among upper secondary school students. The teaching approach was based on research on the teaching and learning of chemical bonding. The study included first-year students in upper secondary school in a pretest-intervention-posttest design. During four lessons the students were introduced to the underlying forces leading to the formation of all chemical bonds, specifically focusing on ionic- and covalent bonds. The first lesson, which included a presentation of coulombic interaction as a common basis of bond formation, was developed and improved through a lesson study. The lesson was revised based on feedback from 75 students describing why chemical bondings occur. After the four-lesson series about chemical bonding, a total of 67 of the 75 enrolled students had completed both a pre- and a posttest. The students' answers to the tests were analyzed based on Bernstein's theory of vertical hierarchical and vertical horizontal discourse. The results of the posttests show that 60% of the students demonstrated solely or predominantly vertical hierarchical knowledge structure. These results indicate that most of the students could understand the force-based approach of chemical bonding by using a general theory, spanning over a wide range of the natural science field, with an abstract and specialized language. Moreover, the students who internalized a hierarchichal knowledge discourse about chemical bonding earned higher final grades in the upper secondary school chemistry when compared to students using a horizontal knowledge discourse, indicating that a force-based approach might facilitate a deeper understanding of other subareas within chemistry. In chemistry education research, the effect of using a force-based approach to teach chemical bonding has not previously been widely tested among upper secondary school students. This study responds to the need to test alternative teaching models to facilitate students' understanding of chemical bonding.

Times of (post) health crisis, global unrest, and political turmoil, a reliance on conventional methods, which potentially lack radical imagination and future orientation, experimentation, and open-endedness, might not be enough. Furthermore, within the discourses of conventional qualitative inquiry, methodological subjects are often seen as overly pre-determined, singular, and static. In this paper, we approach the conceptual and practical challenges of imagining and creating speculative methodological subjects by asking, how might speculative research, including processes of radical imagination and scenario building, shape qualitative scholars' relationships to the formation of methodological subjects and their politics. By sharing scenario-building examples and experimenting with speculative tasks, we explore methodological possibilities for 'subjects' and their entanglement with the lives of qualitative researchers. While collectively thinking about the methodological subject, we encountered relational, non-stable subjects that crossed bodies, sounds, affects and time-spaces.

The 4-valent (4 v) and 9-valent (9 v) human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are approved in China for females aged 9–45 years. However, the real-world impact of 4vHPV or 9vHPV vaccination for the prevention of high-grade cervical disease in Chinese women is lacking. Two post-marketing surveillance studies will be conducted to measure the occurrence of high-grade cervical lesions in Chinese women who had received ≥1 dose of the 4vHPV (aged 20–45 years) or 9vHPV (aged 16–26 years) vaccine in Ningbo, China. Vaccination data will be extracted from the Ningbo Regional Health Information Platform (NRHIP) from the date of the first 4vHPV (January 9, 2018) or the first 9vHPV (January 25, 2019) vaccination to March 31, 2021. The primary 4vHPV and 9vHPV vaccinated cohorts will include women vaccinated per protocol. The 4vHPV/9vHPV vaccinated test-negative (cervical HPV negative; ThinPrep cytology test negative) and corresponding matched unvaccinated HPV test-negative sub-cohorts will also be assessed. Outcomes will be the occurrence of new-onset cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3, adenocarcinoma in situ, and invasive cervical cancer. This study aims to demonstrate that such a methodological approach is feasible and can be used to assess the impact of HPV vaccination in other regions across China.

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the Wordwall website-based learning media on the learning outcomes of class V students in science and science subjects on balanced ecosystems at SDN Batuplat 1. This type of research is quantitative research using a quasi-experimental research design. The form of quasi-experimental design used is a Nonequivalent control group design. This research was located at SDN Batuplat 1 Kupang City. The subjects of this research were 60 class V students who were divided into 2 study groups or 2 classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. Data collection in this research was carried out using observation techniques and comprehension tests (pretest-posttest). The results of research conducted by researchers show that there is an influence of Wordwal website-based learning media on learning outcomes. This is proven by the t-test (independent sample t-test) and obtained a sig (2-tailed) value of 0.00 < 0.05, which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Then this wordwall website-based learning media is also quite effective in improving student learning outcomes. This was proven by the N-Gain Score test and obtained an average N-Gain score for the experimental class of 65.32 or 65% which was included in the quite effective category with a minimum N-Gain score of 30% and a maximum of 100%. So it can be concluded that the use of wordwall website-based learning media is quite effective in improving the learning outcomes of class V students in science and science subjects with balanced ecosystem material at SDN Batuplat 1.

In the search for sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives for building insulation materials, biocomposites of sheep wool embedded in a polymer matrix were prepared by freeze-drying, combining soy protein with 7, 10, 15 and 20 wt % sheep wool. In addition, in order to protect these biocomposites against insects, coffee grounds were incorporated into the formulation. Thermal conductivity characterization revealed values in the order of other natural insulating materials. Additionally, coefficients of absorption at normal incidence, with values up to 0.96, showed a competitive performance of the biocomposites, in the same line of the samples without coffee grounds. Furthermore, the test of resistance against insects, with 2B classification according to ISO 3998, showed a good protection against keratophagous insects, especially against carpet beetle (Anthrenus flavipies). Consequently, biocomposites with an entirely renewable and eco-friendly composition, which valorize biowaste from different sources, were found to be functional as thermal and acoustic insulators towards more sustainable materials in the building sector.

Den här texten avser att problematisera den pågående reformeringen av lärarutbildningen i Sverige genom en kritisk läsning och analys av regeringens direktiv till utredaren, där avsikten att höja lärarutbildningens kvalitet och läraryrkets status formuleras. Utifrån Millers och Roses begrepp problematisering undersöks hur problem med den nuvarande lärarutbildningen konstrueras och vilka lösningar och förändringar som därefter framställs som naturliga och nödvändiga. Analysen visar att direktivet inte framställer nuvarande lärarutbildningar som bristfälliga. I stället kopplas problem med kvalitet i lärarutbildningarna samman med brister hos studenterna, bristfälligt samarbete mellan lärosätena samt samhällsförändringar i stort. I diskussionen belyses hur den politiska strävan att förändra lärarutbildningens vetenskapliga grund kan ses som ett steg mot avprofessionalisering av läraryrket. Vidare lyfts risken att höjda antagningskrav och införandet av lämplighetsprov kan leda till att vissa studentgrupper exkluderas, samt vilka konsekvenser en sådan förändring kan medföra. ENGLISH ABSTRACT A Political Will to Change – But What Is the Problem? A Critical Reading of the Committee Directive on Improving Teacher Education This text aims to problematize the ongoing reform of teacher education in Sweden through a critical reading of the government’s directive to the investigator, where the intention to improve the quality of teacher education and the status of the teaching profession is formulated. Using Miller and Rose’s concept of problematization, the analysis explores how problems with the current teacher education are constructed and what solutions and changes are subsequently presented as natural and necessary. The study shows that the directive doesn’t depict the current teacher education as deficient but links quality problems to student shortcomings, poor institutional collaboration, and societal changes. The discussion suggests that changing the scientific foundation of teacher education may lead to deprofessionalization. Furthermore, the risk is raised that increased admission requirements and the introduction of aptitude tests could lead to the exclusion of certain student groups, and the potential consequences of such a change are discussed.

Abstract When Australia deploys tools of statecraft in attempts to develop influence with Pacific Island neighbours, inherent colonial legacies exist which are not always recognised, but ultimately affect relationships. We examine Australian economic tools of statecraft applied to migration, trade and development aid, and how a colonial ‘logic of habit’ persists within their deployment which unintentionally undermines their effectiveness. In highlighting these historical hangovers, we suggest reimagining Australiaʼs perceptions of and relations with the Pacific—from neighbours with resources to be utilised, to mutually respected trading partners.

In a context of demographic, digital and ecological transitions, the promotion of citizen participation in the design of public policies is increasingly in demand and relevant. This article presents the GIZARTE LAB Model (Social Innovation Laboratory) focused on the promotion of Transition skills, understood as the increase of personal skills integrated into collective capacities to promote incremental and cumulative social innovations to produce long term solutions. For the development of these competencies, GIZARTE LAB connects citizens (experiential knowledge) with technical people/managers of public policies (technical-institutional knowledge) at the municipal level (local) within the framework of Transitional communities. The Laboratory's methodology is based on four moments: a) Life Map (emotional competencies), b) Design of Futures (anticipatory competencies), c) Design of Pilot Experiences (innovative competencies), d) Development of transitional communities (relational competencies). Since 2019, GIZARTE LAB has been implemented in 12 municipalities and 290 people have participated. The article offers discussion and conclusions, pointing out both the limitations of the model and the lessons learned.

With schools and universities closing across Europe, the COVID-19 lockdown left actors in the field of education battling with the unprecedented challenge of finding a meaningful way to keep the wheels of education turning online. The sudden need for digital solutions across the field of education resulted in the emergence of a variety of digital networks and collaborative online platforms. In this joint article from scholars around Europe, we explore the COVID-19 lockdowns of physical education across the European region, and the different processes of emergency digitalization that followed in their wake. Spanning perspectives from Italy, Germany, Belgium, and the Nordic countries, the article's five cases provide a glimpse of how these processes have at the same time accelerated and consolidated the involvement of various commercial and non-commercial actors in public education infrastructures. By gathering documentation, registering dynamics, and making intimations of the crisis as it unfolded, the aim of the joint paper is to provide an opportunity for considering the implications of these accelerations and consolidations for the heterogeneous futures of European education.

Abstract Background Accuracy of head and neck MRI (HN-MRI) in predicting tumor invasion of laryngeal site/subsites in patients with laryngeal cancer prior to laryngectomy is poorly evaluated in the literature. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the diagnostic value of HN-MRI in accurate pre-operative estimation of tumor invasion to laryngeal subsites in patients with laryngeal cancer. Methods Patients with laryngeal cancer who underwent HN-MRI for cancer staging and underwent total laryngectomy between 2008 and 2021 were included. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy of HN-MRI in predicting tumor invasion of laryngeal subsites were calculated based on concordance between the HN-MRI and histopathological results. Results One hundred and thirty-seven patients underwent total laryngectomy [primary: 82/137(60%), salvage 55/137(40%)]. The utilization of HN-MRI resulted in the downstaging of 16/137 (11.6%) patients and the upstaging of 8/137 (5.8%) patients. For the whole cohort, there was a significant discordance between HN-MRI and histopathology for T-category; out of 116 cT4a disease, 102(87.9%) were confirmed to have pT4a disease, and out of 17 cT3 disease, 9(52.9%) were confirmed to have pT3 disease, p

Creativity forms a part of educational curriculum and is an important element of education research. Clearly, creativity research of the past has made a great impact in the ways in which creativity has been integrated within education and educational practice. Yet how creativity has been studied and how the methodologies of these studies shape produced knowledge and impact educational practice are still rather limited and limiting. This chapter calls for methodological experimentation, various forms of performativity, and creativity in the context of research utilizing speculative wonderings. We situate our arguments in different trends in creativity research and discuss more methodologically diverse, speculative, and creative futures.

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which led to the COVID-19 pandemic, has significantly impacted global public health. The proper diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential for the effective control and management of the disease. This study investigated the SARS-CoV-2 infection using RT-qPCR tests from laboratories in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We performed a retrospective study of demographic data and Ct values from 170,828 RT-qPCR tests from April 2020 to April 2023, representing 9.3% of total national testing. Samples were collected from 83,413 individuals across different age groups. Of all tests, 33.4% were positive for SARS-CoV-2, with Ct values and positivity rates varying across demographics and epidemic waves. The distribution was skewed towards older age groups, although lower positivity rates were observed in younger age groups. Ct values, indicative of viral load, ranged from 12.5 to 38. Lower Ct values correlated with higher positive case numbers, while higher Ct values signaled outbreak resolution. Additionally, Ct values decreased during epidemic waves but increased with the dominance of certain variants. Ct value-distribution has changed over time, particularly after the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 variants of interest/concern. Established Ct value trends might, therefore, be used as an early indicator and additional tool for informed decisions by public health authorities in SARS-CoV-2 and future prospective pandemics. Moreover, they should not be overlooked in future epidemiological events.

This qualitative study investigates how first-generation undergraduate students of Color at a historically white institution in the U.S. make sense and process the university's mission, especially in relation to the theoretical frameworks of intersectionality and post-subjectivity. U.S. universities are often structured on market-driven ideologies. They do not necessarily deeply take into account the experiences of their first-generation students of Color to the extent that could be observed in the institution's mission and goals. In this paper, we interacted with data while thinking with theory, philosophy, and concept as a method. Through these interactions, we gained insights about the lived experiences of first-generation undergraduate students of Color and how they perceive themselves to either be represented or not, within their institution's mission. Studies like this are needed because an institution's mission communicates central philosophies to stakeholders, and a clear mission statement is warranted to ensure that first-generation students of Color feel a sense of belongingness and affinity to their campuses. We also offer implications for future research and practice.

This paper explores educational trade fairs as part of the contemporary networked governance of public sector education. The focus is on the forms and functions of network governance in educational trade fairs and how different powers of private and public networking actors and ideas are played out, including the wider implications for education. Based on an event ethnographic case study of a Nordic educational technology fair, the study identifies three significant forms of how network governance powers are constituted: through consensual culture, blurred public-private actor roles, and market individualised addresses. Together this network governance has de-politicising effects that mask power imbalances and evoke democratic challenges for public sector education. The paper discusses how diffused market networking powers shape a national public education sector, and the forms of resistance and responsibilities within such governance. The merits of in-depth process-based event ethnography, which includes social media data, are raised and problematised.

Dermacentor (D.) reticulatus ticks carry and transmit a wide range of pathogens to vertebrate hosts. Limited information is available about the existence of emerging tick-borne pathogens and the distribution of D. reticulatus in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study aimed to investigate the occurrence and distribution of D. reticulatus and to detect the presence of Anaplasma spp., Borrelia (B.) burgdorferi s.l., Rickettsia spp., and Babesia spp. in samples originating from questing ticks and ticks collected from domestic animals in various regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 402 collected D. reticulatus ticks were widely distributed throughout the country. Of the 41 pools consisting of 205 individual D. reticulatus ticks, 21 (51.2%) indicated the presence of Rickettsia spp., 17 (41.4%) of Babesia spp., 2 (4.8%) of Anaplasma spp., and 1 (2.4%) of B. burgdorferi s.l. after real-time PCR screening. Our study indicates that D. reticulatus has significantly expanded its distribution and host range in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Moreover, our results represent the first detection of Babesia spp. in D. reticulatus in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Given the demonstrated presence of emerging pathogens in questing and feeding ticks, there is an urge to establish a surveillance system for ticks and tick-borne pathogens in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Inks based on soybean protein isolate (SPI) were developed and their formulations were optimized as a function of the ink heat treatment and the content of other biopolymers to assess the effects of protein–polysaccharides and protein–protein interactions. First, the rheological behavior of the inks was analyzed in relation to the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration employed (20, 25, and 30 wt%) and, as a result of the analysis, the ink with 25 wt% PVA was selected. Additionally, sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GEL) were added to the formulations to improve the viscoelastic properties of the inks and the effect of the SA or GEL concentrations (1, 2, and 3 wt%) was studied. All inks showed shear thinning behavior and self-supporting abilities. Among all the 3D printed scaffolds, those with higher SA (3 wt%) or GEL (2 and 3 wt%) content showed higher shape fidelity and were selected for further characterization. Texture profile analysis demonstrated that the scaffolds prepared with previously heat-treated inks containing 3 wt% GEL showed the highest strength. Additionally, these scaffolds showed a higher water-uptake capacity profile.