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330 results on '"Koskela, Esa"'

1. Ecosystem health and planetary well-being

Author

Brila, Ilze, primary, Hämäläinen, Anni M., additional, Jernfors, Toni, additional, Kallio, Eva R., additional, Kesäniemi, Jenni, additional, Koskela, Esa, additional, Lavrinienko, Anton, additional, Scholier, Tiffany, additional, Wang, Yingying, additional, and Watts, Phillip C., additional

Published
2023
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2. Population cycles and outbreaks of small rodents: ten essential questions we still need to solve

Author

Andreassen, Harry P., Sundell, Janne, Ecke, Fraucke, Halle, Stefan, Haapakoski, Marko, Henttonen, Heikki, Huitu, Otso, Jacob, Jens, Johnsen, Kaja, Koskela, Esa, Luque-Larena, Juan Jose, Lecomte, Nicolas, Leirs, Herwig, Mariën, Joachim, Neby, Magne, Rätti, Osmo, Sievert, Thorbjörn, Singleton, Grant R., van Cann, Joannes, Vanden Broecke, Bram, and Ylönen, Hannu

Published
2021
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4. Ecosystem health and planetary well-being

Author

Brila, Ilze, Hämäläinen, Anni M., Jernfors, Toni, Kallio, Eva R., Kesäniemi, Jenni, Koskela, Esa, Lavrinienko, Anton, Scholier, Tiffany, Wang, Yingying, Watts, Phillip C., Elo, Merja, Hytönen, Jonne, Karkulehto, Sanna, Kortetmäki, Teea, Kotiaho, Janne S., Puurtinen, Mikael, and Salo, Miikka

Subjects
planetary well-being, ekosysteemit (ekologia), taudinaiheuttajat, luontokato, eläintaudit, kasvitaudit, zoonoosit, planetaarinen hyvinvointi, leviäminen, biodiversiteetti, ympäristön tila
Abstract

Healthy ecosystems support the well-being of all organisms on Earth. Yet, the overexploitation of natural resources for human needs and profit has resulted in widespread ecosystem degradation, loss of biodiversity, and climate emergency, which pose fundamental threats to planetary well-being. Impoverished ecosystems may become dysfunctional and fail to provide for the needs of many organisms, including humans and wildlife. Changes in ecosystem functioning and wildlife distributions affect the prevalence and spread of pathogens, with consequences for the health and well-being of human and wildlife communities alike. Increasing contact between humans and domestic and wild animals enable pathogen spillover, while global trade and travel distribute pathogens to new areas. Human activities thus provide favourable conditions for pandemics and trigger cascading consequences for ecosystems worldwide. A better integration of ecosystem health into public health and conservation planning could alleviate disease burden and improve well-being of all organisms on the planet. peerReviewed

Published
2024

24. Correction to: Population cycles and outbreaks of small rodents: ten essential questions we still need to solve

Author

Andreassen, Harry P., Sundell, Janne, Ecke, Fraucke, Halle, Stefan, Haapakoski, Marko, Henttonen, Heikki, Huitu, Otso, Jacob, Jens, Johnsen, Kaja, Koskela, Esa, Luque-Larena, Juan Jose, Lecomte, Nicolas, Leirs, Herwig, Mariën, Joachim, Neby, Magne, Rätti, Osmo, Sievert, Thorbjörn, Singleton, Grant R., van Cann, Joannes, Vanden Broecke, Bram, and Ylönen, Hannu

Published
2021
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26. Urban forest soils harbour distinct and more diverse communities of bacteria and fungi compared to less disturbed forest soils

Author

Scholier, Tiffany, primary, Lavrinienko, Anton, additional, Brila, Ilze, additional, Tukalenko, Eugene, additional, Hindström, Rasmus, additional, Vasylenko, Andrii, additional, Cayol, Claire, additional, Ecke, Frauke, additional, Singh, Navinder J., additional, Forsman, Jukka T., additional, Tolvanen, Anne, additional, Matala, Juho, additional, Huitu, Otso, additional, Kallio, Eva R., additional, Koskela, Esa, additional, Mappes, Tapio, additional, and Watts, Phillip C., additional

Published
2022
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36. Supplementary methods and results from Artificial selection for predatory behaviour results in dietary niche differentiation in an omnivorous mammal

Author

H��m��l��inen, Anni, Kiljunen, Mikko, Koskela, Esa, Koteja, Pawel, Mappes, Tapio, Rajala, Milla, and Tiainen, Katariina

Abstract

The diet of an individual is a result of the availability of dietary items and the individual's foraging skills and preferences. Behavioural differences may thus influence diet variation, but the evolvability of diet choice through behavioural evolution has not been studied. We used experimental evolution combined with a field enclosure experiment to test whether behavioural selection leads to dietary divergence. We analysed the individual dietary niche via stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (��15N) and carbon (��13C) in the hair of an omnivorous mammal, bank vole, from four lines selected for predatory behaviour and four unselected control lines. Predatory voles had higher hair ��15N values than control voles, supporting our hypothesis that predatory voles would consume a higher trophic level diet (more animal versus plant foods). This difference was significant in the early but not the late summer season. The ��13C values also indicated a seasonal change in the consumed plant matter and a difference in food sources among selection lines in the early summer. These results imply that environmental factors interact with evolved behavioural tendencies to determine dietary niche heterogeneity. Behavioural selection thus has potential to contribute to the evolution of diet choice and ultimately the species' ecological niche breadth.

Published
2022
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48. Urban forest soils harbour distinct and more diverse communities of bacteria and fungi compared to less disturbed forest soils.

Author

Scholier, Tiffany, Lavrinienko, Anton, Brila, Ilze, Tukalenko, Eugene, Hindström, Rasmus, Vasylenko, Andrii, Cayol, Claire, Ecke, Frauke, Singh, Navinder J., Forsman, Jukka T., Tolvanen, Anne, Matala, Juho, Huitu, Otso, Kallio, Eva R., Koskela, Esa, Mappes, Tapio, and Watts, Phillip C.

Subjects
FOREST soils, URBAN soils, SOIL composition, NATURE conservation, FUNGAL communities, SOIL structure, ECTOMYCORRHIZAL fungi, BACTERIAL diversity, FOREST biodiversity
Abstract

Anthropogenic changes to land use drive concomitant changes in biodiversity, including that of the soil microbiota. However, it is not clear how increasing intensity of human disturbance is reflected in the soil microbial communities. To address this issue, we used amplicon sequencing to quantify the microbiota (bacteria and fungi) in the soil of forests (n = 312) experiencing four different land uses, national parks (set aside for nature conservation), managed (for forestry purposes), suburban (on the border of an urban area) and urban (fully within a town or city), which broadly represent a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance. Alpha diversity of bacteria and fungi increased with increasing levels of anthropogenic disturbance, and was thus highest in urban forest soils and lowest in the national parks. The forest soil microbial communities were structured according to the level of anthropogenic disturbance, with a clear urban signature evident in both bacteria and fungi. Despite notable differences in community composition, there was little change in the predicted functional traits of urban bacteria. By contrast, urban soils exhibited a marked loss of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Soil pH was positively correlated with the level of disturbance, and thus was the strongest predictor of variation in alpha and beta diversity of forest soil communities, indicating a role of soil alkalinity in structuring urban soil microbial communities. Hence, our study shows how the properties of urban forest soils promote an increase in microbial diversity and a change in forest soil microbiota composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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