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Description (Master thesis 1 – Jaqueline Mackedanz) The aim of the present study is to investigate the buffering role of different resources, like home and job resources, on the relationship between various demands and distress in the work and home domain. The well-known Job Demands-Resources Model differs between job resources, which are associated with motivation and job demands, which are linked to job strain (Demerouti et al., 2001; Bakker & Demerouti, 2007) and distress (Desrumaux et al., 2015). It proposes that job resources buffer the impact from job demands on burnout (Bakker et al., 2005; Bakker & Demerouti, 2017). In addition, the literature shows that resources from one domain can be used in another domain (e.g. Bronfenbrenner, 1992; Grzywacz & Butler, 2005). For example, social support from friends and family buffers the impact from volunteer demands on cynicism (Huynh et al., 2013). Similar to job demands, home demands are also associated with psychological distress (Shimazu et al., 2010) and workaholism, which is a personal demand and therefore differs from home and job demands, is also a risk factor for burnout (Schaufeli et al., 2009). Furthermore, several spillover effects between the work and the home domain are described. For example, studies could show that home demands have an impact on health and burnout (Peeters et al., 2005; Mostert, 2009) and that negative work-to-family spillover is linked to job strain (Kinnunen et al., 2006). The present study will examine moderating effects of home and job resources on the relationship between different demands (job, home and personal) and distress in the work and home domain. Furthermore, spillover effects between those domains will be investigated. The relationships will be analysed within an online questionnaire study with two measurement points. We are aiming for at least 200 participants for the first and at least 170 participants for the second measurement point in order to have enough data. Description (Master thesis 2 – Veronika Lang) The present study aims to explore whether the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model from Bakker and Demerouti (2017) could be expanded to the home domain: the Home Demands-Resources (HD-R) Model. Furthermore, it will be studied which role perfectionism (adaptive vs. maladaptive) plays in the context of working and private interactions. The JD-R Model differs between two spirals. The gain spiral, where the positive relationship between job resources and motivation can be explained through job crafting behavior and the loss spiral, where the positive relationship between job demands and exhaustion can be explained through self-undermining behavior. In general, job crafting consists of three different sub constructs, namely increasing job resources (e.g. asking colleagues for help), increasing challenging job demands (e.g. searching for a new project), and decreasing hindering job demands (e.g. reducing workload) (Bakker & Demerouti, 2017). Moreover, previous studies could show that individuals use crafting behavior in various domains like home crafting (Demerouti et al., 2020), study crafting (Körner et al., 2021), and leisure crafting (Petrou et al., 2017) and that job crafting leads under the influence of several variables to home crafting (Demerouti et al., 2020). Thus, it is conceivable that the postulated spirals of the JD-R Model could also be expanded to the home domain, the HD-R Model, and that the personality trait perfectionism might influence the relationship between the two models. The latter assumption is based on the findings of studies that have shown that adaptive perfectionists notice a lower level of work-family-conflicts (Deuling & Burns, 2017) and that maladaptive perfectionism correlates positively with work interference with home (Beauregrad, 2006). In sum, the present study will investigate on the one hand the mediating relationships within the job and the home domain and on the other hand the impact of the personality trait perfectionism between the two domains. The relationships will be analysed within an online questionnaire study with two measurement points. We are aiming for at least 200 participants for the first and at least 170 participants for the second measurement point in order to have enough data.

Demands and resources in the job context have been researched thoroughly over the past decades (for an overview see: Bakker & Demerouti, 2017) as well as their effects on long-term outcomes such as burnout and work engagement. A further addition to the relationship between job characteristics (demands and resources) and work-related outcomes is that of job crafting which describes an increase in resources when individuals are already highly motivated. Vice versa, self-undermining refers to the creation of even more job demands when individuals are highly stressed (Bakker & Demerouti, 2017). Based on the fact that these relationships have been examined extensively in the job context, it stands to reason that these or similar interactions can also be found within the home context. This study aims at replicating these particular relationships longitudinally in both the job and home context.