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The issues of intellectualization of equipment and control systems at pulp and paper industry enterprises are considered. The features of digitalization at large pulp and paper mills are shown. An example of the implementation of an intelligent system for assessing the functioning of technological equipment at one of the pulp and paper mills is demonstrated. The main sources of efficiency of intellectualization and intellectualization of production and automated systems are shown.

The article presents the results of a probabilistic analysis of resources in agricultural processes. The authors performed a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of using the GERT method for assessing the probabilistic-time characteristics of processes with simulation modeling in the Anylogic environment. For the study, the process of “Approval of an application for the purchase of agricultural products” is described. This process is first presented in the ARIS eEPC notation, and then it is translated into the GERT network. Based on the obtained model, the process completion time was predicted. The mathematical expectation and variance of the process execution were calculated. Based on the results obtained, conclusions were drawn regarding labor intensity and accuracy. It is shown that the GERT network and the simulation model are close in accuracy. However, for the given task, the GERT method is a less labor-intensive and more accurate method. This study is important for managing and optimizing processes in agricultural enterprises to improve the efficiency of decision making.

The paper examines the problems of forming technical requirements for the automation of central heating points of fuel and energy complex enterprises. The main technological schemes that are subject to automation are considered, the basic requirements for the installation of technical automation equipment are shown, the basic requirements are identified based on modern concepts for constructing automated control systems, and the main adjustable and controlled parameters of the central heating station for the main application in State Unitary Enterprise “Fuel and Energy Complex” are clarified.

The issues of choosing structural control schemes for finishing lines for products made of natural wood are considered. A literature review is given. In the block diagrams of these systems, single-level, two-level and three-level systems can be used, depending on the complexity of the control object and control tasks. The criteria by which it is necessary to choose structural control schemes and TCA tools are shown. Block diagrams of direct (direct) digital control of the process can be considered optimal. For these purposes, an algorithm for the direct control process is given.

The work shows the features of applying system analysis to the problems of increasing the efficiency of the procurement section of a large machine-building work. The purpose of the work is to eliminate obstacles to achieving the efficiency of the work of the procurement site with the help of system analysis. Specific solutions are presented for a comprehensive increase in the interaction of subsystems of the procurement site, redevelopment, and the use of more advanced devices to increase efficiency. To solve the problems, the main tools of system analysis are applied - suprasystem-system-subsystem analysis, structural analysis, functional analysis, and site-specific calculations - such as analysis of norms and time of operations, analysis of layouts and compliance with the organizational structure, as well as analysis of equipment operation and finding optimal solutions for its equipment. Discussed the results of the system analyses and limitation of it's implementation in real workshop.

The possibility of using sound vision to solve the problems of visualization and diagnostics of caviation and turbulent flows arising during the operation of pipeline valves is considered. The available methods of realization of sound vision are analyzed. A block diagram with the reconstruction of a holographic image is proposed. The diagram could visualize the picture of the cavitation flow. It is shown that it is most promising to develop such circuit and technical solutions that could form a complete picture of the flow in dynamics with the ability to digitize it for further analysis.

The article solves the problem of choosing a technology for heat treatment of gears of large diameter based on a system-resource approach for a particular enterprise. To solve the problem, a functional model was developed, the production resources available to the enterprise were analyzed, and the possibilities of developing solutions using system forecasting models were analyzed. Sketches of the solution were developed for transfer to the departments of mechanization and automation for further design and technological development and manufacturing.

The paper considers the possibility of assessing the development of accidents on the basis of a system-functional approach applied to the analysis of the probability of accidents in soda recovery boilers (SRBs). The main attention is paid to identifying the most vulnerable elements of the SRB and the possibility of diagnosing and preventing accidents based on the development of diagnostic systems in the existing APCS systems of the most important section of the SRB - the black liquor combustion system.

The article describes the use of a multi-version approach to improve the accuracy of the classification of images when solving the problem of image analysis for Earth remote sensing. The implementation of this approach makes it possible to reduce the classification error and, consequently, to increase the reliability of processing remote sensing data. A practical study was carried out in a multi-version real-time execution environment, which makes it possible to organize image processing on board of an unmanned vehicle. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

In anaerobic digestion (AD), butyrate is degraded by syntrophic consortium, but can accumulate in highly loaded AD systems. The effect of butyrate on the AD process attracts much less attention than propionate or acetate. In this work, an enrichment culture of the thermophilic butyrate-oxidizing syntrophic consortium was obtained by gradually increasing the initial butyrate concentration from 20 to 170 mM. Surprisingly, even the highest butyrate concentration did not significantly inhibit the methanogenic community, and the stage of acetate degradation was the limiting overall rate of the process. At 170 mM butyrate, the bacterial community changed towards the dominance of syntrophic acetate-oxidizing (SAO) bacteria related to Syntrophaceticus (42.9%), Syntrophomonas (26.2%) and Firmicutes (26.2%), while the archaeal community experienced a sharp decrease in the abundance of Methanosarcina thermophila (from 86.0 to 25.0%) and increase in Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus (from 3.2 to 53.1%) and Methanomassiliicoccus (from 3.2 to 21.9%). Thus, the shift from acetoclastic methanogenesis to SAO coupled to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis occurred as an adaptive strategy to overcome high acetate (~200 mM) build-up. Bioaugmentation with the obtained enrichment culture was effective in mitigating the butyrate-dominated VFA build-up during the AD of readily biodegradable waste, increasing the methane production rate, methane yield and volatile solids removal by more than 3.5, 6.2 and 2.9 times, respectively. Our study revealed that the thermophilic butyrate-oxidizing consortia as bioaugmented culture could be the potential strategy to alleviate the high organic load and VFA stress of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy driven technologies and enhanced per-capita waste production have led to the establishment of novel technologies to simultaneously produce fuels as well as treat the wastes. Anaerobic digestion is cost-effective and sustainable process to produce biogas. Biogas is a mixture of CO2, CH4, H2S, is an eco-friendly and inexpensive renewable biofuel. This mixture of gases restricts biogas utilization in vehicular fuel, CHPs, therefore, biogas upgradation becomes a necessary step. Conventional upgradation technologies for example water scrubbing, physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, amine scrubbing, etc. are cost intensive and require high maintenance. Novel technologies like biological methods of biogas upgradation are being investigated and new improvements are made in the conventional methods. This review aims to give a close insight about various technologies of upgradation including, pressure swing, amine scrubbing, membrane separation, cryogenic separation, biological methods, etc., along with the major challenges and limitations. The study also intends to provide an overview about the future perspective and scope of these technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]