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106 results on '"Krieg, J.-M."'

1. Detection of OH$^+$ and H$_2$O$^+$ towards Orion~KL

Author

Gupta, H., Rimmer, P., Pearson, J. C., Yu, S., Herbst, E., Harada, N., Bergin, E. A., Neufeld, D. A., Melnick, G. J., Bachiller, R., Baechtold, W., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Chattopadhyay, G., Comito, C., Cabrit, S., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Falgarone, E., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Dubernet, M. -L., Erickson, N., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Gill, J. J., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Larsson, B., Latter, W. B., Lin, R. H., Lis, D. C., Liseau, R., Lord, S. D., Maiwald, F. W., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Martin-Pintado, J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Müller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Nordh, L. H., Olberg, M., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pérault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Salez, M., Samoska, L. A., Schilke, P., Schlecht, E., Schlemmer, S., Szczerba, R., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Güsten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., Schieder, R., and Zaal, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report observations of the reactive molecular ions OH$^+$, H$_2$O$^+$, and H$_3$O$^+$ towards Orion KL with Herschel/HIFI. All three $N=1-0$ fine-structure transitions of OH$^+$ at 909, 971, and 1033GHz and both fine-structure components of the doublet {\it ortho}-H$_2$O$^+$ $1_{11}-0_{00}$ transition at 1115 and 1139GHz were detected; an upper limit was obtained for H$_3$O$^+$. OH$^+$ and H$_2$O$^+$ are observed purely in absorption, showing a narrow component at the source velocity of 9 kms$^{-1}$, and a broad blueshifted absorption similar to that reported recently for HF and {\it para}-H$_{2}^{18}$O, and attributed to the low velocity outflow of Orion KL. We estimate column densities of OH$^+$ and H$_2$O$^+$ for the 9 km s$^{-1}$ component of $9 \pm 3 \times 10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$ and $7 \pm 2 \times 10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$, and those in the outflow of $1.9 \pm 0.7 \times 10^{13}$cm$^{-2}$ and $1.0 \pm 0.3 \times 10^{13}$cm$^{-2}$. Upper limits of $2.4\times 10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$ and $8.7\times 10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$ were derived for the column densities of {\it ortho} and {\it para}-H$_3$O$^+$ from transitions near 985 and 1657GHz. The column densities of the three ions are up to an order of magnitude lower than those obtained from recent observations of W31C and W49N. The comparatively low column densities may be explained by a higher gas density despite the assumption of a very high ionization rate., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure. Accepted to and to be published in the Herschel HIFI special issue of A\&A Letters

Published
2010
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2. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources: The Terahertz spectrum of Orion KL seen at high spectral resolution

Author

Crockett, N. R., Bergin, E. A., Wang, S., Lis, D. C., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Boogert, A., Bumble, B., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Honingh, N., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Karpov, A., Kawamura, J. H., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Muller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Roelfsema, P., Schieder, R., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., van der Tak, F. F. S., Tielens, A., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., and Zmuidzinas, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the first high spectral resolution observations of Orion KL in the frequency ranges 1573.4 - 1702.8 GHz (band 6b) and 1788.4 - 1906.8 GHz (band 7b) obtained using the HIFI instrument on board the Herschel Space Observatory. We characterize the main emission lines found in the spectrum, which primarily arise from a range of components associated with Orion KL including the hot core, but also see widespread emission from components associated with molecular outflows traced by H2O, SO2, and OH. We find that the density of observed emission lines is significantly diminished in these bands compared to lower frequency Herschel/HIFI bands., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Herschel HIFI special issue of Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters, 5 pages, 3 figures

Published
2010
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3. Ortho-to-para ratio of interstellar heavy water

Author

Vastel, C., Ceccarelli, C., Caux, E., Coutens, A., Cernicharo, J., Bottinelli, S., Demyk, K., Faure, A., Wiesenfeld, L., Scribano, Y., Bacmann, A., Hily-Blant, P., Maret, S., Walters, A., Bergin, E. A., Blake, G. A., Castets, A., Crimier, N., Dominik, C., Encrenaz, P., Gérin, M., Hennebelle, P., Kahane, C., Klotz, A., Melnick, G., Pagani, L., Parise, B., Schilke, P., Wakelam, V., Baudry, A., Bell, T., Benedettini, M., Boogert, A., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Codella, C., Comito, C., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Goldsmith, P. F., Helmich, F., Henning, T., Herbst, E., Jacq, T., Kama, M., Langer, W., Lefloch, B., Lis, D., Lord, S., Lorenzani, A., Neufeld, D., Nisini, B., Pacheco, S., Pearson, J., Phillips, T., Salez, M., Saraceno, P., Schuster, K., Tielens, X., van der Tak, F., van der Wiel, M. H. D., Viti, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H., Cais, P., Krieg, J. M., Olberg, M., and Ravera, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Despite the low elemental deuterium abundance in the Galaxy, enhanced molecular D/H ratios have been found in the environments of low-mass star forming regions, and in particular the Class 0 protostar IRAS 16293-2422. The CHESS (Chemical HErschel Surveys of Star forming regions) Key Program aims at studying the molecular complexity of the interstellar medium. The high sensitivity and spectral resolution of the HIFI instrument provide a unique opportunity to observe the fundamental 1,1,1 - 0,0,0 transition of the ortho-D2O molecule, inaccessible from the ground, and to determine the ortho-to-para D2O ratio. We have detected the fundamental transition of the ortho-D2O molecule at 607.35 GHz towards IRAS 16293-2422. The line is seen in absorption with a line opacity of 0.62 +/- 0.11 (1 sigma). From the previous ground-based observations of the fundamental 1,1,0 - 1,0,1 transition of para-D2O seen in absorption at 316.80 GHz we estimate a line opacity of 0.26 +/- 0.05 (1 sigma). We show that the observed absorption is caused by the cold gas in the envelope of the protostar. Using these new observations, we estimate for the first time the ortho to para D2O ratio to be lower than 2.6 at a 3 sigma level of uncertainty, to be compared with the thermal equilibrium value of 2:1., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted the A&A HIFI Special Issue as a letter

Published
2010
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4. Herschel observations of extra-ordinary sources: Detection of Hydrogen Fluoride in absorption towards Orion~KL

Author

Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Lis, D. C., Neufeld, D. A., Bell, T. A., Wang, S., Crockett, N. R., Emprechtinger, M., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Muller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., and Schieder, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report a detection of the fundamental rotational transition of hydrogen fluoride in absorption towards Orion KL using Herschel/HIFI. After the removal of contaminating features associated with common molecules ("weeds"), the HF spectrum shows a P-Cygni profile, with weak redshifted emission and strong blue-shifted absorption, associated with the low-velocity molecular outflow. We derive an estimate of 2.9 x 10^13 cm^-2 for the HF column density responsible for the broad absorption component. Using our best estimate of the H2 column density within the low-velocity molecular outflow, we obtain a lower limit of ~1.6 x 10^-10 for the HF abundance relative to hydrogen nuclei, corresponding to 0.6% of the solar abundance of fluorine. This value is close to that inferred from previous ISO observations of HF J=2--1 absorption towards Sgr B2, but is in sharp contrast to the lower limit of 6 x 10^-9 derived by Neufeld et al. (2010) for cold, foreground clouds on the line of sight towards G10.6-0.4., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, paper to be published in the Herschel special issue of A&A letters

Published
2010
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5. Herschel observations of extra-ordinary sources: Detecting spiral arm clouds by CH absorption lines

Author

Qin, S. -L., Schilke, P., Comito, C., Möller, T., Rolffs, R., Müller, H. S. P., Belloche, A., Menten, K. M., Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Pérault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Güsten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. M., Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachille, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, L. H., Gill, J. L., and Chattopadhyay, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We have observed CH absorption lines ($J=3/2, N=1 \leftarrow J=1/2, N=1$) against the continuum source Sgr~B2(M) using the \textit{Herschel}/HIFI instrument. With the high spectral resolution and wide velocity coverage provided by HIFI, 31 CH absorption features with different radial velocities and line widths are detected and identified. The narrower line width and lower column density clouds show `spiral arm' cloud characteristics, while the absorption component with the broadest line width and highest column density corresponds to the gas from the Sgr~B2 envelope. The observations show that each `spiral arm' harbors multiple velocity components, indicating that the clouds are not uniform and that they have internal structure. This line-of-sight through almost the entire Galaxy offers unique possibilities to study the basic chemistry of simple molecules in diffuse clouds, as a variety of different cloud classes are sampled simultaneously. We find that the linear relationship between CH and H$_2$ column densities found at lower $A_V$ by UV observations does not continue into the range of higher visual extinction. There, the curve flattens, which probably means that CH is depleted in the denser cores of these clouds., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, HIFI Special Issue

Published
2010
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6. Herschel/HIFI discovery of interstellar chloronium (H$_2$Cl$^+$)

Author

Lis, D. C., Pearson, J. C., Neufeld, D. A., Schilke, P., Müller, H. S. P., Gupta, H., Bell, T. A., Comito, C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Ceccarelli, C., Goldsmith, P. F., Blake, G. A., Bacmann, A., Baudry, A., Benedettini, M., Benz, A., Black, J., Boogert, A., Bottinelli, S., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Castets, A., Caux, E., Cernicharo, J., Codella, C., Coutens, A., Crimier, N., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Demyk, K., Dominic, C., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Helmich, F., Hennebelle, P., Henning, Th., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Hjalmarson, Å., Hollenbach, D., Jack, T., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Kahane, C., Kama, M., Kaufman, M., Klotz, A., Langer, W. D., Larsson, B., Bourlot, J. Le, Lefloch, B., Petit, F. Le, Li, D., Liseau, R., Lord, S. D., Lorenzani, A., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Nagy, Z., Nisini, B., Ossenkopf, V., Pacheco, S., Pagani, L., Parise, B., Pérault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Roueff, E., Salez, M., Sandqvist, A., Saraceno, P., Schlemmer, S., Schuster, K., Snell, R., Stutzki, J., Tielens, A., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., van der Wiel, M. H. D., van Dishoeck, E., Vastel, C., Viti, S., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Wang, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Delorme, Y., Desbat, J. -P., Güsten, R., Krieg, J. -M., and Delforge, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report the first detection of chloronium, H$_2$Cl$^+$, in the interstellar medium, using the HIFI instrument aboard the \emph{Herschel} Space Observatory. The $2_{12}-1_{01}$ lines of ortho-H$_2^{35}$Cl$^+$ and ortho-H$_2^{37}$Cl$^+$ are detected in absorption towards NGC~6334I, and the $1_{11}-0_{00}$ transition of para-H$_2^{35}$Cl$^+$ is detected in absorption towards NGC~6334I and Sgr~B2(S). The H$_2$Cl$^+$ column densities are compared to those of the chemically-related species HCl. The derived HCl/H$_2$Cl$^+$ column density ratios, $\sim$1--10, are within the range predicted by models of diffuse and dense Photon Dominated Regions (PDRs). However, the observed H$_2$Cl$^+$ column densities, in excess of $10^{13}$~cm$^{-2}$, are significantly higher than the model predictions. Our observations demonstrate the outstanding spectroscopic capabilities of HIFI for detecting new interstellar molecules and providing key constraints for astrochemical models., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, HIFI Special Issue; 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table

Published
2010
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7. The C2Omodo Concept: A Tandem of New Generation High Resolution All-Sky Atmospheric Sounders in the Frame of the AOS Mission

Author

Puech, J., primary, Hermozo, L., additional, Brogniez, H., additional, Roca, R., additional, Fiolleau, T., additional, Chaboureau, J.-P., additional, Auguste, F., additional, Bouniol, D., additional, Delanoe, J., additional, Cipolla, V., additional, Carayon, B., additional, Melle, S., additional, Malassingne, C., additional, Costes, L., additional, Orlhac, J.-C., additional, Moraine, A., additional, Le Drogo, S., additional, Tucker, C., additional, Ade, P., additional, Walker, I., additional, Treuttel, J., additional, Gay, G., additional, Gatilova, L., additional, Feret, A., additional, Vacelet, T., additional, and Krieg, J.-M., additional

Published
2023
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8. Submillimeter wavelength radiometry dedicated to spectral analysis of planetary atmospheres: Low noise system development at Paris Observatory

Author

Gay, G., primary, Treuttel, J., additional, Gatilova, L., additional, Feret, A., additional, Vacelet, T., additional, Valentin, J., additional, Cavanna, A., additional, Jin, Y., additional, Krieg, J-M., additional, Roux, J-L., additional, Cipolla, V., additional, Goldstein, C., additional, and Puech, J., additional

Published
2023
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9. 1200 GHz High Spectral Resolution Receiver Front-end of Submillimeter Wave Instrument for Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer: Part I - RF Performance Optimization for Cryogenic Operation

Author

Treuttel, J., primary, Gatilova, L., additional, Caroopen, S., additional, Feret, A., additional, Gay, G., additional, Vacelet, T., additional, Valentin, J., additional, Jin, Y., additional, Cavanna, A., additional, Jacob, K., additional, Mignoni, S., additional, Lavignolle, V., additional, Krieg, J-M., additional, Goldstein, C., additional, Courtade, F., additional, Larigauderie, C., additional, Ravanbakhsh, A., additional, Garcia, J-P., additional, Maestrini, A., additional, and Hartogh, P., additional

Published
2023
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11. Millimetron—a large Russian-European submillimeter space observatory

Author

Wild, Wolfgang, Kardashev, Nikolay S., Likhachev, S. F., Babakin, N. G., Arkhipov, V. Y., Vinogradov, I. S., Andreyanov, V. V., Fedorchuk, S. D., Myshonkova, N. V., Alexsandrov, Y. A., Novokov, I. D., Goltsman, G. N., Cherepaschuk, A. M., Shustov, B. M., Vystavkin, A. N., Koshelets, V. P., Vdovin, V. F., de Graauw, Th., Helmich, F., vd Tak, F., Shipman, R., Baryshev, A., Gao, J. R., Khosropanah, P., Roelfsema, P., Barthel, P., Spaans, M., Mendez, M., Klapwijk, T., Israel, F., Hogerheijde, M., vd Werf, P., Cernicharo, J., Martin-Pintado, J., Planesas, P., Gallego, J. D., Beaudin, G., Krieg, J. M., Gerin, M., Pagani, L., Saraceno, P., Di Giorgio, A. M., Cerulli, R., Orfei, R., Spinoglio, L., Piazzo, L., Liseau, R., Belitsky, V., Cherednichenko, S., Poglitsch, A., Raab, W., Guesten, R., Klein, B., Stutzki, J., Honingh, N., Benz, A., Murphy, A., Trappe, N., Räisänen, A., and On behalf of the Millimetron consortium:

Published
2009
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13. Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer, Submilimeter wave Instrument: Status and performances of the 1200 GHz high spectral resolution receiver front end

Author

Treuttel, J., primary, Gatilova, L., additional, Valentin, J., additional, Maestrini, A., additional, Caroopen, S., additional, Feret, A., additional, Vacelet, T., additional, Mignoni, S., additional, Krieg, J-M., additional, Jin, Y., additional, Cavanna, A., additional, Roux, J-L., additional, Goldstein, C., additional, and maagt, P. De, additional

Published
2020
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14. QUASI-CW 0.5 MW – 118 GHz GYROTRON FOR ECRH

Author

Pain, M., primary, Tonon, G., additional, Antonsen, T.M., additional, Tran, M.Q., additional, Tran, T.M., additional, Whaley, D.R., additional, Borie, E., additional, Grüber, C., additional, Möbius, A., additional, Piosczyk, B., additional, Pretterebner, J., additional, Thumm, M., additional, Wien, A., additional, Dubrovin, A., additional, Garin, P., additional, Giguet, E., additional, Krieg, J.-M., additional, and Mathews, H.-G., additional

Published
1995
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15. Development of MMIC Schottky Diode Mixers For Space-Qualified Applications In The Tera-Hertz Range

Author

Treuttel, J., primary, Maestrini, A., additional, Gatilova, L., additional, Caroopen, S., additional, Feret, A., additional, Vacelet, T., additional, Valentin, J., additional, Mignoni, S., additional, Krieg, J-M., additional, Jin, Y., additional, Cavanna, A., additional, Roux, J-L., additional, Goldstein, C., additional, Maagt, P. De, additional, Garcia, J-P., additional, and Hartogh, P., additional

Published
2019
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16. Terahertz Schottky Mixers for Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences

Author

Maestrini, A., primary, Gay, G., additional, Mignoni, S., additional, Krieg, J-M., additional, De Maagt, P., additional, Goldstein, C., additional, Gatilova, L., additional, Treuttel, J., additional, Jin, Y., additional, Cavanna, A., additional, Valentin, J., additional, Vacelet, T., additional, Feret, A., additional, and Caroopen, S., additional

Published
2019
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17. Recent progress in the Development of French THz Schottky Diodes for Astrophysics, Planetology and Atmospheric Study

Author

Gatilova, L., primary, Caroopen, S., additional, Valentin, J., additional, Mignoni, S., additional, Krieg, J-M., additional, Goldstein, C., additional, Maestrini, A., additional, Treuttel, J., additional, Vacelet, T., additional, Jin, Y., additional, Cavanna, A., additional, Couraud, L., additional, Feret, A., additional, and Gay, G., additional

Published
2019
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18. The 1200GHz Receiver Frontend of the Submillimetre Wave Instrument of ESA JUpiter ICy moons Explorer

Author

Maestrini, A., primary, Gatilova, L., additional, Treuttel, J., additional, Jin, Y., additional, Cavanna, A., additional, Melgar, D. Moro, additional, Vacelet, T., additional, Feret, A., additional, Caroopen, S., additional, Gay, G., additional, Dauplay, F., additional, Krieg, J-M., additional, Thomas, B., additional, de Maagt, P., additional, and Goldstein, C., additional

Published
2018
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19. Gain bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer terahertz mixers on 1.5 μm Si3N4/SiO2 membranes.

Author

Cherednichenko, S., Drakinskiy, V., Baubert, J., Krieg, J.-M., Voronov, B., Gol’tsman, G., and Desmaris, V.

Subjects
OPTICAL detectors, BOLOMETERS, BANDWIDTHS, NIOBIUM alloys, SILICON oxide films, SILICON nitride
Abstract

The gain bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer terahertz mixers on electrically thin Si3N4/SiO2 membranes was experimentally investigated and compared with that of HEB mixers on bulk substrates. A gain bandwidth of 3.5 GHz is achieved on bulk silicon, whereas the gain bandwidth is reduced down to 0.6–0.9 GHz for mixers on 1.5 μm Si3N4/SiO2 membranes. We show that application of a MgO buffer layer on the membrane extends the gain bandwidth to 3 GHz. The experimental data were analyzed using the film-substrate acoustic mismatch approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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20. Gain bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer terahertz mixers on 1.5 [micro]m [Si.sub.3][N.sub.4]/Si[O.sub.2] membranes

Author

Cherednichenko, S., Drakinskiy, V., Baubert, J., Krieg, J.-M., Voronov, B., Gol'tsman, G., and Desmaris, V.

Subjects
Bolometers -- Usage, Silicon compounds -- Electric properties, Dielectric films -- Electric properties, Thin films -- Electric properties, Physics
Abstract

The gain bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) terahertz mixers on thin [Si.sub.3][N.sub.4]/Si[O.sub.2] membranes is examined and compared to HEB mixers on bulk substrates. The application of a MgO buffer layer on the membrane has extended the gain bandwidth to 3 GHz.

Published
2007

21. Ortho-to-para ratio of interstellar heavy water [Letter]

Author

Vastel, C., Ceccarelli, C., Caux, E., Coutens, A., Cernicharo, J., Bottinelli, S., Demyk, K., Faure, A., Wiesenfeld, L., Scribano, Y., Bacmann, A., Hily-Blant, P., Maret, S., Walters, A., Bergin, E. A., Blake, G. A., Castets, A., Crimier, N., Dominik, C., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Hennebelle, P., Kahane, C., Klotz, A., Melnick, G., Pagani, L., Parise, Berengere, Schilke, P., Wakelam, V., Baudry, A., Bell, T., Benedettini, M., Boogert, A., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Codella, C., Comito, C., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Goldsmith, P. F., Helmich, F., Henning, T., Herbst, E., Jacq, T., Kama, M., Langer, W., Lefloch, B., Lis, D., Lord, S., Lorenzani, A., Neufeld, D., Nisini, B., Pacheco, S., Pearson, J., Phillips, T., Salez, M., Saraceno, P., Schuster, K., Tielens, X., van der Tak, F., van der Wiel, M. H. D., Viti, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H., Cais, P., Krieg, J. M., Olberg, M., and Ravera, L.

Subjects
QB
Abstract

Context. Despite the low elemental deuterium abundance in the Galaxy, enhanced molecular D/H ratios have been found in the environments of low-mass star-forming regions, and in particular the Class 0 protostar IRAS 16293-2422.\ud Aims. The CHESS (Chemical HErschel Surveys of Star forming regions) key program aims to study the molecular complexity of the interstellar medium. The high sensitivity and spectral resolution of the Herschel/HIFI instrument provide a unique opportunity to observe the fundamental 1- transition of the ortho-D2O molecule, which is inaccessible from the ground, and determine the ortho-to-para D2O ratio.\ud Methods. We detected the fundamental transition of the ortho-D2O molecule at 607.35 GHz towards IRAS 16293-2422. The line is seen in absorption with a line opacity of 0.62 ± 0.11 (1σ). From the previous ground-based observations of the fundamental 1 – 1 transition of para-D2O seen in absorption at 316.80 GHz, we estimate a line opacity of 0.26 ± 0.05 (1σ).\ud Results. We show that the observed absorption is caused by the cold gas in the envelope of the protostar. Using these new observations, we estimate for the first time the ortho-to-para D2O ratio to be lower than 2.6 at a 3σ level of uncertainty, which should be compared with the thermal equilibrium value of 2:1.

Published
2010

22. Herschel/HIFI discovery of interstellar chloronium (H2Cl+) [Letter]

Author

Lis, D. C., Pearson, J. C., Neufeld, D. A., Schilke, P., Mueller, H. S. P., Gupta, H., Bell, T. A., Comito, C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Ceccarelli, C., Goldsmith, P. F., Blake, G. A., Bacmann, A., Baudry, A., Benedettini, M., Benz, A., Black, J., Boogert, A., Bottinelli, S., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Castets, A., Caux, E., Cernicharo, J., Codella, C., Coutens, A., Crimier, N., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Demyk, K., Dominic, C., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Helmich, F., Hennebelle, P., Henning, Th., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Hjalmarson, A., Hollenbach, D., Jack, T., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Kahane, C., Kama, M., Kaufman, M., Klotz, A., Langer, W. D., Larsson, B., Le Bourlot, J., Lefloch, B., Le Petit, F., Li, D., Liseau, R., Lord, S. D., Lorenzani, A., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Nagy, Z., Nisini, B., Ossenkopf, V., Pacheco, S., Pagani, L., Parise, Berengere, Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Roueff, E., Salez, M., Sandqvist, A., Saraceno, P., Schlemmer, S., Schuster, K., Snell, R., Stutzki, J., Tielens, A., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., van der Wiel, M. H. D., van Dishoeck, E., Vastel, C., Viti, S., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Wang, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Delorme, Y., Desbat, J. -P., Guesten, R., Krieg, J. -M., and Delforge, B.

Subjects
QB
Abstract

We report the first detection of chloronium, H2Cl+, in the interstellar medium, using the HIFI instrument aboard the Herschel Space Observatory. The 212–101 lines of ortho-HCl+ and ortho-HCl+ are detected in absorption towards NGC 6334I, and the 111–000 transition of para-HCl+ is detected in absorption towards NGC 6334I and Sgr B2(S). The H2Cl+ column densities are compared to those of the chemically-related species HCl. The derived HCl/H2Cl+ column density ratios, ~1–10, are within the range predicted by models of diffuse and dense photon dominated regions (PDRs). However, the observed H2Cl+ column densities, in excess of 1013 cm-2, are significantly higher than the model predictions. Our observations demonstrate the outstanding spectroscopic capabilities of HIFI for detecting new interstellar molecules and providing key constraints for astrochemical models.

Published
2010

23. Detection of OH+ and H2O+ towards Orion KL

Author

Gupta, H., Rimmer, P., Pearson, J. C., Yu, S., Herbst, E., Harada, N., Bergin, E. A., Neufeld, D. A., Melnick, G. J., Bachiller, R., Baechtold, W., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Chattopadhyay, G., Comito, C., Cabrit, S., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Falgarone, E., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Dubernet, M.-L., Erickson, N., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Gill, J. J., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Larsson, B., Latter, W. B., Lin, R. H., Lis, D. C., Liseau, R., Lord, S. D., Maiwald, F. W., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Martin-Pintado, J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Müller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Nordh, L. H., Olberg, M., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pérault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Qin, S.-L., Salez, M., Samoska, L. A., Schilke, P., Schlecht, E., Schlemmer, S., Szczerba, R., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., Van Der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Güsten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J.-M., Schieder, R., Zaal, P., Faure, Alexandre, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

25. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS) : detecting spiral arm clouds by CH absorption lines

Author

Qin, S. -L, Schilke, P., Comito, C., Moeller, T., Rolffs, R., Mueller, H. S. P., Belloche, A., Menten, K. M., Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L, Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Guesten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M, Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, Lennart H., Gill, J. L., Chattopadhyay, G., Qin, S. -L, Schilke, P., Comito, C., Moeller, T., Rolffs, R., Mueller, H. S. P., Belloche, A., Menten, K. M., Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L, Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Guesten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M, Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, Lennart H., Gill, J. L., and Chattopadhyay, G.

Abstract

We have observed CH absorption lines (J = 3/2, N = 1 <- J = 1/2, N = 1) against the continuum source Sgr B2(M) using the Herschel/HIFI instrument. With the high spectral resolution and wide velocity coverage provided by HIFI, 31 CH absorption features with different radial velocities and line widths are detected and identified. The narrower line width and lower column density clouds show "spiral arm" cloud characteristics, while the absorption component with the broadest line width and highest column density corresponds to the gas from the Sgr B2 envelope. The observations show that each "spiral arm" harbors multiple velocity components, indicating that the clouds are not uniform and that they have internal structure. This line-of-sight through almost the entire Galaxy offers unique possibilities to study the basic chemistry of simple molecules in diffuse clouds, as a variety of different cloud classes are sampled simultaneously. We find that the linear relationship between CH and H-2 column densities found at lower AV by UV observations does not continue into the range of higher visual extinction. There, the curve flattens, which probably means that CH is depleted in the denser cores of these clouds., authorCount :70

Published
2010
Full Text
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26. The Herschel-Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI)

Author

de Graauw, Th., Helmich, F. P., Phillips, T. G., Stutzki, J., Caux, E., Whyborn, N. D., Dieleman, P., Roelfsema, P. R., Aarts, H., Assendorp, R., Bachiller, R., Baechtold, W., Barcia, A., Beintema, D. A., Belitsky, V., Benz, A. O., Bieber, R., Boogert, A., Borys, C., Bumble, B., Caïs, P., Caris, M., Cerulli-Irelli, P., Chattopadhyay, G., Cherednichenko, S., Ciechanowicz, M., Coeur-Joly, O., Comito, C., Cros, A., de Jonge, A., de Lange, G., Delforges, B., Delorme, Y., den Boggende, T., Desbat, J.-M., Diez-González, C., di Giorgio, A. M., Dubbeldam, L., Edwards, K., Eggens, M., Erickson, N., Evers, J., Fich, M., Finn, T., Franke, B., Gaier, T., Gal, C., Gao, J. R., Gallego, J.-D., Gauffre, S., Gill, J. J., Glenz, S., Golstein, H., Goulooze, H., Gunsing, T., Güsten, R., Hartogh, P., Hatch, W. A., Higgins, R., Honingh, E. C., Huisman, R., Jackson, B. D., Jacobs, H., Jacobs, K., Jarchow, C., Javadi, H., Jellema, W., Justen, M., Karpov, A., Kasemann, C., Kawamura, J., Keizer, G., Kester, D., Klapwijk, T. M., Klein, Th., Kollberg, E., Kooi, J., Kooiman, P.-P., Kopf, B., Krause, M., Krieg, J.-M., Kramer, C., Kruizenga, B., Kuhn, T., Laauwen, W., Lai, R., Larsson, Bengt, Leduc, H. G., Leinz, C., Lin, R. H., Liseau, René, Liu, G. S., Loose, A., López-Fernandez, I., Lord, S., Luinge, W., Marston, A., Martín-Pintado, J., Maestrini, A., Maiwald, F. W., McCoey, C., Mehdi, I., Megej, A., Melchior, M., Meinsma, L., Merkel, H., Michalska, M., Monstein, C., Moratschke, D., Morris, P., Muller, H., Murphy, J. A., Naber, A., Natale, E., Nowosielski, W., Nuzzolo, F., Olberg, M., Olbrich, M., Orfei, R., Orleanski, P., Ossenkopf, V., Peacock, T., Pearson, J. C., Peron, I., Phillip-May, S., Piazzo, L., Planesas, P., Rataj, M., Ravera, L., Risacher, C., Salez, M., Samoska, L. A., Saraceno, P., Schieder, R., Schlecht, E., Schlöder, F., Schmülling, F., Schultz, M., Schuster, K., Siebertz, O., Smit, H., Szczerba, R., Shipman, R., Steinmetz, E., Stern, J. A., Stokroos, M., Teipen, R., Teyssier, D., Tils, T., Trappe, N., van Baaren, C., van Leeuwen, B.-J., van de Stadt, H., Visser, H., Wildeman, K. J., Wafelbakker, C. K., Ward, J. S., Wesselius, P., Wild, W., Wulff, S., Wunsch, H.-J., Tielens, X., Zaal, P., Zirath, H., Zmuidzinas, J., Zwart, F., de Graauw, Th., Helmich, F. P., Phillips, T. G., Stutzki, J., Caux, E., Whyborn, N. D., Dieleman, P., Roelfsema, P. R., Aarts, H., Assendorp, R., Bachiller, R., Baechtold, W., Barcia, A., Beintema, D. A., Belitsky, V., Benz, A. O., Bieber, R., Boogert, A., Borys, C., Bumble, B., Caïs, P., Caris, M., Cerulli-Irelli, P., Chattopadhyay, G., Cherednichenko, S., Ciechanowicz, M., Coeur-Joly, O., Comito, C., Cros, A., de Jonge, A., de Lange, G., Delforges, B., Delorme, Y., den Boggende, T., Desbat, J.-M., Diez-González, C., di Giorgio, A. M., Dubbeldam, L., Edwards, K., Eggens, M., Erickson, N., Evers, J., Fich, M., Finn, T., Franke, B., Gaier, T., Gal, C., Gao, J. R., Gallego, J.-D., Gauffre, S., Gill, J. J., Glenz, S., Golstein, H., Goulooze, H., Gunsing, T., Güsten, R., Hartogh, P., Hatch, W. A., Higgins, R., Honingh, E. C., Huisman, R., Jackson, B. D., Jacobs, H., Jacobs, K., Jarchow, C., Javadi, H., Jellema, W., Justen, M., Karpov, A., Kasemann, C., Kawamura, J., Keizer, G., Kester, D., Klapwijk, T. M., Klein, Th., Kollberg, E., Kooi, J., Kooiman, P.-P., Kopf, B., Krause, M., Krieg, J.-M., Kramer, C., Kruizenga, B., Kuhn, T., Laauwen, W., Lai, R., Larsson, Bengt, Leduc, H. G., Leinz, C., Lin, R. H., Liseau, René, Liu, G. S., Loose, A., López-Fernandez, I., Lord, S., Luinge, W., Marston, A., Martín-Pintado, J., Maestrini, A., Maiwald, F. W., McCoey, C., Mehdi, I., Megej, A., Melchior, M., Meinsma, L., Merkel, H., Michalska, M., Monstein, C., Moratschke, D., Morris, P., Muller, H., Murphy, J. A., Naber, A., Natale, E., Nowosielski, W., Nuzzolo, F., Olberg, M., Olbrich, M., Orfei, R., Orleanski, P., Ossenkopf, V., Peacock, T., Pearson, J. C., Peron, I., Phillip-May, S., Piazzo, L., Planesas, P., Rataj, M., Ravera, L., Risacher, C., Salez, M., Samoska, L. A., Saraceno, P., Schieder, R., Schlecht, E., Schlöder, F., Schmülling, F., Schultz, M., Schuster, K., Siebertz, O., Smit, H., Szczerba, R., Shipman, R., Steinmetz, E., Stern, J. A., Stokroos, M., Teipen, R., Teyssier, D., Tils, T., Trappe, N., van Baaren, C., van Leeuwen, B.-J., van de Stadt, H., Visser, H., Wildeman, K. J., Wafelbakker, C. K., Ward, J. S., Wesselius, P., Wild, W., Wulff, S., Wunsch, H.-J., Tielens, X., Zaal, P., Zirath, H., Zmuidzinas, J., and Zwart, F.

Abstract

Aims: This paper describes the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI) that was launched onboard ESA's Herschel Space Observatory in May 2009. Methods: The instrument is a set of 7 heterodyne receivers that are electronically tuneable, covering 480-1250 GHz with SIS mixers and the 1410-1910 GHz range with hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixers. The local oscillator (LO) subsystem comprises a Ka-band synthesizer followed by 14 chains of frequency multipliers and 2 chains for each frequency band. A pair of auto-correlators and a pair of acousto-optical spectrometers process the two IF signals from the dual-polarization, single-pixel front-ends to provide instantaneous frequency coverage of 2 × 4 GHz, with a set of resolutions (125 kHz to 1 MHz) that are better than 0.1 km s-1. Results: After a successful qualification and a pre-launch TB/TV test program, the flight instrument is now in-orbit and completed successfully the commissioning and performance verification phase. The in-orbit performance of the receivers matches the pre-launch sensitivities. We also report on the in-orbit performance of the receivers and some first results of HIFI's operations. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.

Published
2010
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27. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): The Terahertz spectrum of Orion KL seen at high spectral resolution

Author

Crockett, N. R., Bergin, E. A., Wang, S., Lis, D. C., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Boogert, A., Bumble, B., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Guesten, R., Hartogh, P., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Honingh, N., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Karpov, A., Kawamura, J. H., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Mueller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Roelfsema, P., Schieder, R., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., van der Tak, F. F. S., Tielens, A., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Crockett, N. R., Bergin, E. A., Wang, S., Lis, D. C., Bell, T. A., Blake, G. A., Boogert, A., Bumble, B., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Guesten, R., Hartogh, P., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Honingh, N., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Karpov, A., Kawamura, J. H., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., Langer, W. D., Latter, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Morris, P., Mueller, H. S. P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Qin, S. -L., Roelfsema, P., Schieder, R., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., van der Tak, F. F. S., Tielens, A., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., and Zmuidzinas, J.

Abstract

We present the first high spectral resolution observations of Orion KL in the frequency ranges 1573.4-1702.8 GHz (band 6b) and 1788.4-1906.8 GHz (band 7b) obtained using the HIFI instrument on board the Herschel Space Observatory. We characterize the main emission lines found in the spectrum, which primarily arise from a range of components associated with Orion KL including the hot core, but also see widespread emission from components associated with molecular outflows traced by H2O, SO2, and OH. We find that the density of observed emission lines is significantly diminished in these bands compared to lower frequency Herschel/HIFI bands.

Published
2010

28. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): detecting spiral arm clouds by CH absorption lines

Author

Qin, S.-L., Schilke, P., Comito, C., Moller, T., Rolff, R., Muller, H.S.P., Belloche, A., Menten, K.M., Lis, D.C., Phillips , T.G., Bergin, E.A., Bell, T.A., Crockett, N.R., Blake, G.A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M.-L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Goldsmith, P.F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W.D., Lord, S.D., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Melnick, G.J., Morris, P., Murphy, J.Anthony, Neufeld, D.A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J.C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, Neil, van der Tak, F.F.S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H.W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, E., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J.-M., Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M.C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, L.H., Gill, J.L., Chattopadhyay, G., Qin, S.-L., Schilke, P., Comito, C., Moller, T., Rolff, R., Muller, H.S.P., Belloche, A., Menten, K.M., Lis, D.C., Phillips , T.G., Bergin, E.A., Bell, T.A., Crockett, N.R., Blake, G.A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M.-L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Goldsmith, P.F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W.D., Lord, S.D., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Melnick, G.J., Morris, P., Murphy, J.Anthony, Neufeld, D.A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J.C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, Neil, van der Tak, F.F.S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H.W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, E., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J.-M., Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M.C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, L.H., Gill, J.L., and Chattopadhyay, G.

Abstract

We have observed CH absorption lines (J = 3/2, N = 1 ← J = 1/2, N = 1) against the continuum source Sgr B2(M) using the Herschel/HIFI instrument. With the high spectral resolution and wide velocity coverage provided by HIFI, 31 CH absorption features with different radial velocities and line widths are detected and identified. The narrower line width and lower column density clouds show “spiral arm” cloud characteristics, while the absorption component with the broadest line width and highest column density corresponds to the gas from the Sgr B2 envelope. The observations show that each “spiral arm” harbors multiple velocity components, indicating that the clouds are not uniform and that they have internal structure. This line-of-sight through almost the entire Galaxy offers unique possibilities to study the basic chemistry of simple molecules in diffuse clouds, as a variety of different cloud classes are sampled simultaneously. We find that the linear relationship between CH and H2 column densities found at lower AV by UV observations does not continue into the range of higher visual extinction. There, the curve flattens, which probably means that CH is depleted in the denser cores of these clouds.

Published
2010

29. Herschel/HIFI discovery of interstellar chloronium (H2Cl+)

Author

Lis, D.C., Pearson, J.C., Neufeld, D.A., Schilke, P., Muller, H.S.P., Gupta, H., Bell, T.A., Comito, C., Phillips , T.G., Bergin, E.A., Ceccarelli, C., Goldsmith, P.F., Blake, G.A., Bacmann, A., Baudry, A., Benedettini, M., Benz, A.O., Black, J., Boogert, A., Bottinelli, S., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Castets, A., Caux, E., Cernicharo, J., Codella, C., Coutens, A., Crimier, N., Crockett, N.R., Daniel, F., Demyk, K., Dominic, C., Dubernet, M.-L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Helmich, F., Hennebelle, P., Henning, Th., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Hjalmarson, A., Hollenbach, D., Jack, T., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Kahane, C., Kama, M., Kaufman, M., Klotz, A., Langer, W.D., Larsson, B., Le Bourlot, J., Lefloch, B., Le Petit, F., Li, D., Liseau, R., Lord, S.D., Lorenzani, A., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Melnick, G.J., Menten, K.M., Morris, P., Murphy, J.Anthony, Nagy, Z., Nisini, B., Ossenkopf, V., Pacheco, S., Pagani, L., Parise, B., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S.-L., Roueff, E., Salez, M., Sandqvist, A., Saraceno, P., Schlemmer, S., Schuster, K., Snell, R., Stutzki, J., Tielens, A., Trappe, Neil, van der Tak, F.F.S., van der Wiel, M., van Dishoeck, E.F., Vastel, C., Viti, S., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Wang, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H.W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Delorme, Y., Desbat, J.-P., Gustens, R., Krieg, J.-M., Delforge, B., Lis, D.C., Pearson, J.C., Neufeld, D.A., Schilke, P., Muller, H.S.P., Gupta, H., Bell, T.A., Comito, C., Phillips , T.G., Bergin, E.A., Ceccarelli, C., Goldsmith, P.F., Blake, G.A., Bacmann, A., Baudry, A., Benedettini, M., Benz, A.O., Black, J., Boogert, A., Bottinelli, S., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Castets, A., Caux, E., Cernicharo, J., Codella, C., Coutens, A., Crimier, N., Crockett, N.R., Daniel, F., Demyk, K., Dominic, C., Dubernet, M.-L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Helmich, F., Hennebelle, P., Henning, Th., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Hjalmarson, A., Hollenbach, D., Jack, T., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Kahane, C., Kama, M., Kaufman, M., Klotz, A., Langer, W.D., Larsson, B., Le Bourlot, J., Lefloch, B., Le Petit, F., Li, D., Liseau, R., Lord, S.D., Lorenzani, A., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Melnick, G.J., Menten, K.M., Morris, P., Murphy, J.Anthony, Nagy, Z., Nisini, B., Ossenkopf, V., Pacheco, S., Pagani, L., Parise, B., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S.-L., Roueff, E., Salez, M., Sandqvist, A., Saraceno, P., Schlemmer, S., Schuster, K., Snell, R., Stutzki, J., Tielens, A., Trappe, Neil, van der Tak, F.F.S., van der Wiel, M., van Dishoeck, E.F., Vastel, C., Viti, S., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Wang, S., Wyrowski, F., Yorke, H.W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Delorme, Y., Desbat, J.-P., Gustens, R., Krieg, J.-M., and Delforge, B.

Abstract

We report the first detection of chloronium, H2Cl+, in the interstellar medium, using the HIFI instrument aboard the Herschel Space Observatory. The 212−101 lines of ortho-H35 2 Cl+ and ortho-H37 2 Cl+ are detected in absorption towards NGC 6334I, and the 111−000 transition of para-H35 2 Cl+ is detected in absorption towards NGC 6334I and Sgr B2(S). The H2Cl+ column densities are compared to those of the chemically-related species HCl. The derived HCl/H2Cl+ column density ratios, ∼1–10, are within the range predicted by models of diffuse and dense photon dominated regions (PDRs). However, the observed H2Cl+ column densities, in excess of 1013 cm−2, are significantly higher than the model predictions. Our observations demonstrate the outstanding spectroscopic capabilities of HIFI for detecting new interstellar molecules and providing key constraints for astrochemical models.

Published
2010

30. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): The Terahertz spectrum of Orion KL seen at high spectral resolution

Author

Crockett, N.R., Bergin, E.A., Wang, S., Lis, D.C., Bell, T.A., Blake, G.A., Boogert, A., Bumble, B., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M.-L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Goldsmith, P.F., Gupta, H., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Honingh, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Karpov, A., Kawamura, J., Kooi, J., Krieg, J.-M., Langer, W., Latter, W.B., Lord, S.D., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Melnick, G.J., Menten, K.M., Morris, P., Muller, H.S.P., Murphy, J.Anthony, Neufeld, D.A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J.C., Perault, M., Phillips , T.G., Plume, R., Qin, S.-L., Roelfsema, P.R., Schieder, R., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., van der Tak, F.F.S., Tielens, A., Trappe, Neil, Vastel, C., Yorke, H.W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Crockett, N.R., Bergin, E.A., Wang, S., Lis, D.C., Bell, T.A., Blake, G.A., Boogert, A., Bumble, B., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M.-L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Goldsmith, P.F., Gupta, H., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Honingh, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Karpov, A., Kawamura, J., Kooi, J., Krieg, J.-M., Langer, W., Latter, W.B., Lord, S.D., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Melnick, G.J., Menten, K.M., Morris, P., Muller, H.S.P., Murphy, J.Anthony, Neufeld, D.A., Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J.C., Perault, M., Phillips , T.G., Plume, R., Qin, S.-L., Roelfsema, P.R., Schieder, R., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., van der Tak, F.F.S., Tielens, A., Trappe, Neil, Vastel, C., Yorke, H.W., Yu, S., and Zmuidzinas, J.

Abstract

We present the first high spectral resolution observations of Orion KL in the frequency ranges 1573.4–1702.8 GHz (band 6b) and 1788.4–1906.8 GHz (band 7b) obtained using the HIFI instrument on board the Herschel Space Observatory. We characterize the main emission lines found in the spectrum, which primarily arise from a range of components associated with Orion KL including the hot core, but also see widespread emission from components associated with molecular outflows traced by H2O, SO2, and OH. We find that the density of observed emission lines is significantly diminished in these bands compared to lower frequency Herschel/HIFI bands.

Published
2010

31. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): Detection of hydrogen fluoride in absorption towards Orion KL

Author

Phillips , T.G., Bergin, E.A., Lis, D.C., Neufeld, D.A., Bell, T.A., Wang, S., Crockett, N.R., Emprechtinger, M., Blake, G.A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M.-L., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Goldsmith, P.F., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W.D., Latter, W.D., Lord, S.D., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Melnick, G.J., Menten, K.M., Morris, P., Muller, H.S.P., Murphy, J.Anthony, Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J.C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S.-L., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, Neil, van der Tak, F.F.S., Vastel, C., Yorke, H.W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Kooi, J., Karpov, A., Krieg, J.-M., Schieder, R., Phillips , T.G., Bergin, E.A., Lis, D.C., Neufeld, D.A., Bell, T.A., Wang, S., Crockett, N.R., Emprechtinger, M., Blake, G.A., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Comito, C., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M.-L., Encrenaz, P., Gerin, M., Giesen, T.F., Goicoechea, J.R., Goldsmith, P.F., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W.D., Latter, W.D., Lord, S.D., Maret, S., Martin, P.G., Melnick, G.J., Menten, K.M., Morris, P., Muller, H.S.P., Murphy, J.Anthony, Ossenkopf, V., Pearson, J.C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Qin, S.-L., Schilke, P., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, Neil, van der Tak, F.F.S., Vastel, C., Yorke, H.W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Gusten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Kooi, J., Karpov, A., Krieg, J.-M., and Schieder, R.

Abstract

We report a detection of the fundamental rotational transition of hydrogen fluoride in absorption towards Orion KL using Herschel/HIFI. After the removal of contaminating features associated with common molecules (“weeds”), the HF spectrum shows a P-Cygni profile, with weak redshifted emission and strong blue-shifted absorption, associated with the low-velocity molecular outflow. We derive an estimate of 2.9 × 1013 cm−2 for the HF column density responsible for the broad absorption component. Using our best estimate of the H2 column density within the low-velocity molecular outflow, we obtain a lower limit of ∼1.6 × 10−10 for the HF abundance relative to hydrogen nuclei, corresponding to ∼0.6% of the solar abundance of fluorine. This value is close to that inferred from previous ISO observations of HF J = 2−1 absorption towards Sgr B2, but is in sharp contrast to the lower limit of 6 × 10−9 derived by Neufeld et al. for cold, foreground clouds on the line of sight towards G10.6-0.4.

Published
2010

32. Herschel observations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): detecting spiral arm clouds by CH absorption lines

Author

Qin, S. -L., Schilke, P., Comito, C., Moeller, T., Rolffs, R., Mueller, H. S. P., Belloche, A., Menten, K. M., Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Guesten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, L. H., Gill, J. L., Chattopadhyay, G., Qin, S. -L., Schilke, P., Comito, C., Moeller, T., Rolffs, R., Mueller, H. S. P., Belloche, A., Menten, K. M., Lis, D. C., Phillips, T. G., Bergin, E. A., Bell, T. A., Crockett, N. R., Blake, G. A., Cabrit, S., Caux, E., Ceccarelli, C., Cernicharo, J., Daniel, F., Dubernet, M. -L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Gupta, H., Herbst, E., Joblin, C., Johnstone, D., Langer, W. D., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Melnick, G. J., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Ossenkopf, V., Pagani, L., Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Plume, R., Salez, M., Schlemmer, S., Stutzki, J., Trappe, N., van der Tak, F. F. S., Vastel, C., Wang, S., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S., Zmuidzinas, J., Boogert, A., Guesten, R., Hartogh, P., Honingh, N., Karpov, A., Kooi, J., Krieg, J. -M., Schieder, R., Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., Bachiller, R., Martin-Pintado, J., Baechtold, W., Olberg, M., Nordh, L. H., Gill, J. L., and Chattopadhyay, G.

Abstract

We have observed CH absorption lines (J = 3/2, N = 1 <- J = 1/2, N = 1) against the continuum source Sgr B2(M) using the Herschel/HIFI instrument. With the high spectral resolution and wide velocity coverage provided by HIFI, 31 CH absorption features with different radial velocities and line widths are detected and identified. The narrower line width and lower column density clouds show spiral arm cloud characteristics, while the absorption component with the broadest line width and highest column density corresponds to the gas from the Sgr B2 envelope. The observations show that each spiral arm harbors multiple velocity components, indicating that the clouds are not uniform and that they have internal structure. This line-of-sight through almost the entire Galaxy offers unique possibilities to study the basic chemistry of simple molecules in diffuse clouds, as a variety of different cloud classes are sampled simultaneously. We find that the linear relationship between CH and H-2 column densities found at lower AV by UV observations does not continue into the range of higher visual extinction. There, the curve flattens, which probably means that CH is depleted in the denser cores of these clouds.

Published
2010

34. Detection of OH+and H2O+towards Orion KL

Author

Gupta, H., primary, Rimmer, P., additional, Pearson, J. C., additional, Yu, S., additional, Herbst, E., additional, Harada, N., additional, Bergin, E. A., additional, Neufeld, D. A., additional, Melnick, G. J., additional, Bachiller, R., additional, Baechtold, W., additional, Bell, T. A., additional, Blake, G. A., additional, Caux, E., additional, Ceccarelli, C., additional, Cernicharo, J., additional, Chattopadhyay, G., additional, Comito, C., additional, Cabrit, S., additional, Crockett, N. R., additional, Daniel, F., additional, Falgarone, E., additional, Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., additional, Dubernet, M.-L., additional, Erickson, N., additional, Emprechtinger, M., additional, Encrenaz, P., additional, Gerin, M., additional, Gill, J. J., additional, Giesen, T. F., additional, Goicoechea, J. R., additional, Goldsmith, P. F., additional, Joblin, C., additional, Johnstone, D., additional, Langer, W. D., additional, Larsson, B., additional, Latter, W. B., additional, Lin, R. H., additional, Lis, D. C., additional, Liseau, R., additional, Lord, S. D., additional, Maiwald, F. W., additional, Maret, S., additional, Martin, P. G., additional, Martin-Pintado, J., additional, Menten, K. M., additional, Morris, P., additional, Müller, H. S. P., additional, Murphy, J. A., additional, Nordh, L. H., additional, Olberg, M., additional, Ossenkopf, V., additional, Pagani, L., additional, Pérault, M., additional, Phillips, T. G., additional, Plume, R., additional, Qin, S.-L., additional, Salez, M., additional, Samoska, L. A., additional, Schilke, P., additional, Schlecht, E., additional, Schlemmer, S., additional, Szczerba, R., additional, Stutzki, J., additional, Trappe, N., additional, van der Tak, F. F. S., additional, Vastel, C., additional, Wang, S., additional, Yorke, H. W., additional, Zmuidzinas, J., additional, Boogert, A., additional, Güsten, R., additional, Hartogh, P., additional, Honingh, N., additional, Karpov, A., additional, Kooi, J., additional, Krieg, J.-M., additional, Schieder, R., additional, and Zaal, P., additional

Published
2010
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35. Herschelobservations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): The Terahertz spectrum of Orion KL seen at high spectral resolution

Author

Crockett, N. R., primary, Bergin, E. A., additional, Wang, S., additional, Lis, D. C., additional, Bell, T. A., additional, Blake, G. A., additional, Boogert, A., additional, Bumble, B., additional, Cabrit, S., additional, Caux, E., additional, Ceccarelli, C., additional, Cernicharo, J., additional, Comito, C., additional, Daniel, F., additional, Dubernet, M.-L., additional, Emprechtinger, M., additional, Encrenaz, P., additional, Falgarone, E., additional, Gerin, M., additional, Giesen, T. F., additional, Goicoechea, J. R., additional, Goldsmith, P. F., additional, Gupta, H., additional, Güsten, R., additional, Hartogh, P., additional, Helmich, F., additional, Herbst, E., additional, Honingh, N., additional, Joblin, C., additional, Johnstone, D., additional, Karpov, A., additional, Kawamura, J. H., additional, Kooi, J., additional, Krieg, J.-M., additional, Langer, W. D., additional, Latter, W. D., additional, Lord, S. D., additional, Maret, S., additional, Martin, P. G., additional, Melnick, G. J., additional, Menten, K. M., additional, Morris, P., additional, Müller, H. S. P., additional, Murphy, J. A., additional, Neufeld, D. A., additional, Ossenkopf, V., additional, Pearson, J. C., additional, Pérault, M., additional, Phillips, T. G., additional, Plume, R., additional, Qin, S.-L., additional, Roelfsema, P., additional, Schieder, R., additional, Schilke, P., additional, Schlemmer, S., additional, Stutzki, J., additional, van der Tak, F. F. S., additional, Tielens, A., additional, Trappe, N., additional, Vastel, C., additional, Yorke, H. W., additional, Yu, S., additional, and Zmuidzinas, J., additional

Published
2010
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36. Herschelobservations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): detecting spiral arm clouds by CH absorption lines

Author

Qin, S.-L., primary, Schilke, P., additional, Comito, C., additional, Möller, T., additional, Rolffs, R., additional, Müller, H. S. P., additional, Belloche, A., additional, Menten, K. M., additional, Lis, D. C., additional, Phillips, T. G., additional, Bergin, E. A., additional, Bell, T. A., additional, Crockett, N. R., additional, Blake, G. A., additional, Cabrit, S., additional, Caux, E., additional, Ceccarelli, C., additional, Cernicharo, J., additional, Daniel, F., additional, Dubernet, M.-L., additional, Emprechtinger, M., additional, Encrenaz, P., additional, Falgarone, E., additional, Gerin, M., additional, Giesen, T. F., additional, Goicoechea, J. R., additional, Goldsmith, P. F., additional, Gupta, H., additional, Herbst, E., additional, Joblin, C., additional, Johnstone, D., additional, Langer, W. D., additional, Lord, S. D., additional, Maret, S., additional, Martin, P. G., additional, Melnick, G. J., additional, Morris, P., additional, Murphy, J. A., additional, Neufeld, D. A., additional, Ossenkopf, V., additional, Pagani, L., additional, Pearson, J. C., additional, Pérault, M., additional, Plume, R., additional, Salez, M., additional, Schlemmer, S., additional, Stutzki, J., additional, Trappe, N., additional, van der Tak, F. F. S., additional, Vastel, C., additional, Wang, S., additional, Yorke, H. W., additional, Yu, S., additional, Zmuidzinas, J., additional, Boogert, A., additional, Güsten, R., additional, Hartogh, P., additional, Honingh, N., additional, Karpov, A., additional, Kooi, J., additional, Krieg, J.-M., additional, Schieder, R., additional, Diez-Gonzalez, M. C., additional, Bachiller, R., additional, Martin-Pintado, J., additional, Baechtold, W., additional, Olberg, M., additional, Nordh, L. H., additional, Gill, J. L., additional, and Chattopadhyay, G., additional

Published
2010
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38. TheHerschel-Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI)

Author

de Graauw, Th., primary, Helmich, F. P., additional, Phillips, T. G., additional, Stutzki, J., additional, Caux, E., additional, Whyborn, N. D., additional, Dieleman, P., additional, Roelfsema, P. R., additional, Aarts, H., additional, Assendorp, R., additional, Bachiller, R., additional, Baechtold, W., additional, Barcia, A., additional, Beintema, D. A., additional, Belitsky, V., additional, Benz, A. O., additional, Bieber, R., additional, Boogert, A., additional, Borys, C., additional, Bumble, B., additional, Caïs, P., additional, Caris, M., additional, Cerulli-Irelli, P., additional, Chattopadhyay, G., additional, Cherednichenko, S., additional, Ciechanowicz, M., additional, Coeur-Joly, O., additional, Comito, C., additional, Cros, A., additional, de Jonge, A., additional, de Lange, G., additional, Delforges, B., additional, Delorme, Y., additional, den Boggende, T., additional, Desbat, J.-M., additional, Diez-González, C., additional, Di Giorgio, A. M., additional, Dubbeldam, L., additional, Edwards, K., additional, Eggens, M., additional, Erickson, N., additional, Evers, J., additional, Fich, M., additional, Finn, T., additional, Franke, B., additional, Gaier, T., additional, Gal, C., additional, Gao, J. R., additional, Gallego, J.-D., additional, Gauffre, S., additional, Gill, J. J., additional, Glenz, S., additional, Golstein, H., additional, Goulooze, H., additional, Gunsing, T., additional, Güsten, R., additional, Hartogh, P., additional, Hatch, W. A., additional, Higgins, R., additional, Honingh, E. C., additional, Huisman, R., additional, Jackson, B. D., additional, Jacobs, H., additional, Jacobs, K., additional, Jarchow, C., additional, Javadi, H., additional, Jellema, W., additional, Justen, M., additional, Karpov, A., additional, Kasemann, C., additional, Kawamura, J., additional, Keizer, G., additional, Kester, D., additional, Klapwijk, T. M., additional, Klein, Th., additional, Kollberg, E., additional, Kooi, J., additional, Kooiman, P.-P., additional, Kopf, B., additional, Krause, M., additional, Krieg, J.-M., additional, Kramer, C., additional, Kruizenga, B., additional, Kuhn, T., additional, Laauwen, W., additional, Lai, R., additional, Larsson, B., additional, Leduc, H. G., additional, Leinz, C., additional, Lin, R. H., additional, Liseau, R., additional, Liu, G. S., additional, Loose, A., additional, López-Fernandez, I., additional, Lord, S., additional, Luinge, W., additional, Marston, A., additional, Martín-Pintado, J., additional, Maestrini, A., additional, Maiwald, F. W., additional, McCoey, C., additional, Mehdi, I., additional, Megej, A., additional, Melchior, M., additional, Meinsma, L., additional, Merkel, H., additional, Michalska, M., additional, Monstein, C., additional, Moratschke, D., additional, Morris, P., additional, Muller, H., additional, Murphy, J. A., additional, Naber, A., additional, Natale, E., additional, Nowosielski, W., additional, Nuzzolo, F., additional, Olberg, M., additional, Olbrich, M., additional, Orfei, R., additional, Orleanski, P., additional, Ossenkopf, V., additional, Peacock, T., additional, Pearson, J. C., additional, Peron, I., additional, Phillip-May, S., additional, Piazzo, L., additional, Planesas, P., additional, Rataj, M., additional, Ravera, L., additional, Risacher, C., additional, Salez, M., additional, Samoska, L. A., additional, Saraceno, P., additional, Schieder, R., additional, Schlecht, E., additional, Schlöder, F., additional, Schmülling, F., additional, Schultz, M., additional, Schuster, K., additional, Siebertz, O., additional, Smit, H., additional, Szczerba, R., additional, Shipman, R., additional, Steinmetz, E., additional, Stern, J. A., additional, Stokroos, M., additional, Teipen, R., additional, Teyssier, D., additional, Tils, T., additional, Trappe, N., additional, van Baaren, C., additional, van Leeuwen, B.-J., additional, van de Stadt, H., additional, Visser, H., additional, Wildeman, K. J., additional, Wafelbakker, C. K., additional, Ward, J. S., additional, Wesselius, P., additional, Wild, W., additional, Wulff, S., additional, Wunsch, H.-J., additional, Tielens, X., additional, Zaal, P., additional, Zirath, H., additional, Zmuidzinas, J., additional, and Zwart, F., additional

Published
2010
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39. Herschelobservations of EXtra-Ordinary Sources (HEXOS): Detection of hydrogen fluoride in absorption towards Orion KL

Author

Phillips, T. G., primary, Bergin, E. A., additional, Lis, D. C., additional, Neufeld, D. A., additional, Bell, T. A., additional, Wang, S., additional, Crockett, N. R., additional, Emprechtinger, M., additional, Blake, G. A., additional, Caux, E., additional, Ceccarelli, C., additional, Cernicharo, J., additional, Comito, C., additional, Daniel, F., additional, Dubernet, M.-L., additional, Encrenaz, P., additional, Gerin, M., additional, Giesen, T. F., additional, Goicoechea, J. R., additional, Goldsmith, P. F., additional, Herbst, E., additional, Joblin, C., additional, Johnstone, D., additional, Langer, W. D., additional, Latter, W. D., additional, Lord, S. D., additional, Maret, S., additional, Martin, P. G., additional, Melnick, G. J., additional, Menten, K. M., additional, Morris, P., additional, Müller, H. S. P., additional, Murphy, J. A., additional, Ossenkopf, V., additional, Pearson, J. C., additional, Pérault, M., additional, Plume, R., additional, Qin, S.-L., additional, Schilke, P., additional, Schlemmer, S., additional, Stutzki, J., additional, Trappe, N., additional, van der Tak, F. F. S., additional, Vastel, C., additional, Yorke, H. W., additional, Yu, S., additional, Zmuidzinas, J., additional, Boogert, A., additional, Güsten, R., additional, Hartogh, P., additional, Honingh, N., additional, Karpov, A., additional, Kooi, J., additional, Krieg, J.-M., additional, and Schieder, R., additional

Published
2010
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40. Development of mixers and Local Oscillators for THz Heterodyne Instruments at Observatoire de Paris - LERMA

Author

Beaudin, G., primary, Boussaha, F., additional, Dauplay, F., additional, Delorme, Y., additional, Féret, A., additional, Jin, Y., additional, Jung, C., additional, Krieg, J.-M., additional, Lecomte, B., additional, Lefèvre, R., additional, Maestrini, A., additional, Miao, W., additional, Siles, J.V., additional, Treuttel, J., additional, and Wang, H., additional

Published
2009
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47. AIFU: AN ANTARCTIC INTEGRAL FIELD UNIT FOR NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRO-IMAGING.

Author

Le Bertre, T., Epchtein, N., Vauglin, I., Guandalini, R., Busso, M., Dartois, E., d'Hendecourt, L., and Krieg, J. M.

Subjects
NEAR infrared spectroscopy, INTERSTELLAR medium, PLANETARY nebulae, SPECTROGRAPHS, CIRCUMSTELLAR matter, MILKY Way, MAGELLANIC clouds
Abstract

Near-infrared spectro-photometry, at a spectral resolution of ~100, allows to characterize a great variety of stellar sources, from late-type giants to emission line stars. Various components of the interstellar medium, including circumstellar environments and Planetary Nebulae, can also be traced. We propose AIFU, a fiber-fed nearinfrared low-resolution spectrograph. With a 1′×1′ field of view and a 2″ sampling, AIFU will be well suited to survey spectroscopically stellar populations in large areas of the Galaxy and of the Magellanic Clouds, as e.g. star-forming regions, as well as to image extended sources, like circumstellar shells around nearby evolved stars, PDRs, simultaneously in many different emission lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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49. The Herschel -Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI)

Author

Graauw, T., Helmich, F. P., Phillips, T. G., Stutzki, J., Caux, E., Whyborn, N. D., Dieleman, P., Roelfsema, P. R., Aarts, H., Assendorp, R., Bachiller, R., Baechtold, W., Barcia, A., Beintema, D. A., Belitsky, V., Benz, A. O., Bieber, R., Boogert, A., Borys, C., Bumble, B., Caïs, P., Caris, M., Cerulli-Irelli, P., Chattopadhyay, G., Cherednichenko, S., Ciechanowicz, M., Coeur-Joly, O., Comito, C., Cros, A., Jonge, A., Lange, G., Delforges, B., Delorme, Y., Den Boggende, T., Desbat, J. -M, Diez-González, C., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dubbeldam, L., Edwards, K., Eggens, M., Erickson, N., Evers, J., Fich, M., Finn, T., Franke, B., Gaier, T., Gal, C., Gao, J. R., Gallego, J. -D, Gauffre, S., Gill, J. J., Glenz, S., Golstein, H., Goulooze, H., Gunsing, T., Güsten, R., Hartogh, P., Hatch, W. A., Higgins, R., Honingh, E. C., Huisman, R., Jackson, B. D., Jacobs, H., Jacobs, K., Jarchow, C., Javadi, H., Jellema, W., Justen, M., Karpov, A., Kasemann, C., Kawamura, J., Keizer, G., Kester, D., Klapwijk, T. M., Klein, T., Kollberg, E., Kooi, J., Kooiman, P. -P, Kopf, B., Krause, M., Krieg, J. -M, Kramer, C., Kruizenga, B., Kuhn, T., Laauwen, W., Lai, R., Larsson, B., Leduc, H. G., Leinz, C., Lin, R. H., Liseau, R., Liu, G. S., Loose, A., López-Fernandez, I., Lord, S., Luinge, W., Marston, A., Martín-Pintado, J., Maestrini, A., Maiwald, F. W., Mccoey, C., Mehdi, I., Megej, A., Melchior, M., Meinsma, L., Merkel, H., Michalska, M., Monstein, C., Moratschke, D., Morris, P., Muller, H., Murphy, J. A., Naber, A., Natale, E., Nowosielski, W., Nuzzolo, F., Olberg, M., Olbrich, M., Orfei, R., Orleanski, P., Ossenkopf, V., Peacock, T., Pearson, J. C., Peron, I., Phillip-May, S., Lorenzo Piazzo, Planesas, P., Rataj, M., Ravera, L., Risacher, C., Salez, M., Samoska, L. A., Saraceno, P., Schieder, R., Schlecht, E., Schlöder, F., Schmülling, F., Schultz, M., Schuster, K., Siebertz, O., Smit, H., Szczerba, R., Shipman, R., Steinmetz, E., Stern, J. A., Stokroos, M., Teipen, R., Teyssier, D., Tils, T., Trappe, N., Baaren, C., Leeuwen, B. -J, Stadt, H., Visser, H., Wildeman, K. J., Wafelbakker, C. K., Ward, J. S., Wesselius, P., Wild, W., Wulff, S., Wunsch, H. -J, Tielens, X., Zaal, P., Zirath, H., Zmuidzinas, J., and Zwart, F.

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