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5. Programmable active memories in real-time tasks: implementing data-driven triggers for LHC experiments

Author

Belosloudtsev, D. A., Bertin, P. Y., Bock, Rudolf K., Boucard, Philippe, Dörsing, Volker, Kammel, Peter, Khabarov, S. V., Klefenz, Frank, Krischer, Werner, Kugel, Andreas, Männer, Reinhard, Noffz, Klaus-Henning, Moll, Laurent, Vuillemin, Jean, Lundheim, Lars, and Zoz, Ralf

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 004 Informatik
Abstract

The future Large Hadron Collider (LHC), to be built at CERN, presents among other technological challenges a formidable problem of real-time data analysis. At a primary event rate of 40 MHz, a multi-stage trigger system has to analyze data to decide which is the fraction of events that should be preserved on permanent storage for further analysis. We report on implementations of local algorithms for feature extraction as part of triggering, using the detectors of the proposed ATLAS experiment as a model. The algorithms were implemented for a decision frequency of 100 kHz, on different data-driven programmable devices based on structures of field- programmable gate arrays and memories. The implementations were demonstrated at full speed with emulated input, and were also integrated into a prototype detector running in a test beam at CERN, in June 1994.

Published
1995

6. Status report: embedded architectures for second-level triggering (EAST)

Author

Vermeulen, J C, Constantin, F, Gheorghe, A, Dénes, E, Ódor, G, Böck, R K, Carter, J, Krischer, Werner, McLaren, R A, Legrand, I, Renner-Hansen, J, Fisher, St, Middleton, R, Wickens, F J, Belosludtsev, B, Dörsing, V, Reinsch, A, Zuhlke, H U, Cetnar, K, Hajduk, Z, Iwanski, W, Korcyl, K, Malecki, P, Sobala, A, Nobrega, R, Green, B J, Medcalf, T, Strong, J, Wildish, A, Hughes-Jones, R E, Klefenz, F, Kugel, A, Männer, R, Noffz, K H, Zoz, R, Badier, J, Busson, P, Bitzan, P, Novák, M, Levinson, L, Sisi, M, Balke, C, Haveman, J, Lourens, W, Taal, A, Gensch, Ulrich, Leich, H, Schwendicke, U, and Wegner, P

Subjects
Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Published
1993

9. Status report: embedded architectures for second-level triggering (EAST)

Author

Bos, Kors, Vermeulen, J C, Wiggers, L, Buzuloiu, V, Coltuc, D, Folta, F, Gheorghe, A, Legrand, I, Mihai, N, Zamfir, A, Dénes, E, Koch, J, Maroti, T, Molnár, S, Ódor, G, Böck, R K, Krischer, Werner, McLaren, R A, Natkaniec, Z, Tchamov, N, Hajduk, Z, Iwanski, W, Kapusta, P, Korcyl, K, Maleki, P, Sobala, A, Belosludtsev, D A, Gorbunov, N V, Karjavin, V Yu, Khabarov, V S, Green, B J, Medcalf, T, Strong, J, Wildish, A, Klefenz, F, Männer, R, Noffz, K H, Zoz, R, Badier, J, Busson, P, Charlot, C, Bitzan, P, Novák, M, Pelikan, E, Sedivy, V, Sklenar, I, Smejkalova, J, Damatov, Y, Levinson, L, Sidi, M, Lourens, W, Taal, A, Leich, H, and Schwendicke, U

Subjects
Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Published
1992

11. Embedded architectures for second-level triggering in LHC experiments (EAST): R&D proposal

Author

Van der Guchte, M, Herzberger, L O, Bos, Kors, Vermeulen, L, Wiggers, L, Buzuloiu, V, Nelu, M, Ruscu, R, Koch, J, Maroti, T, Molnár, S, Tóth, J, Böck, R K, Gheorghe, A, Krischer, Werner, McLaren, R A, Pfennig, J, Hajduk, Z, Kajetanowicz, M, Malecki, P, Natkaniec, Z, Sobola, A, Green, B J, Medcalf, T, Strong, J, and Wildish, A

Subjects
Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Abstract

In this proposal we present a coherent plan for exploring one of the critical aspects of the implementation of detector selectivity, that of embedding 'intelligent' devices for triggering. We break down the interesting components of this problem area into the categories: triggering architectures, data collection and switching components, and system integration and modelling. Building on existing experience (like the studies done as part of the LAA project), and drawing as much as possible on concepts and implementations existing outside High Energy Physics, we propose to evaluate possible solutions and critical components in the laboratory, and to demonstrate their functioning in realistic test devices and in real detector prototypes, to the extent that the developments of detectors (in particular front- end electronics) allow us to do so. Our proposal covers a span of not more than 3 years, in order to demonstrate the viability of the more promising technologies, in time for planning future full-scale LHC detectors.

Published
1990

13. I-SPICE

Author

Anders, H and Krischer, Werner

Subjects
Engineering
Published
1987

14. Track recognition and event reconstruction

Author

Grote, Hans, Norton, Alan Robert, Krischer, Werner, Dahl-Jensen, Erik, and Della Negra, Michel

Subjects
Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Published
1984

15. Negative particle production in nuclear collisions at 60 and 200 GeV/nucleon

Author

Ströbele, H, Bamberger, Andreas, Bangert, D, Bartke, Jerzy, Bialkowska, H, Böck, R K, Brockmann, R, Chase, S I, De Marzo, C, De Palma, M, Derado, I, Eckardt, V, Favuzzi, C, Fent, J, Ferenc, D, Freund, P, Gazdzicki, M, Gebauer, H J, Geissler, Kryno K, Guerra, C, Harris, J W, Heck, W, Humanic, T J, Kadija, K, Karabarbounis, A, Keidel, R, Kowalski, M, Krischer, Werner, Lahanas, M, Margetis, S, Nappi, E, Odyniec, Grazyna Janina, Paic, G, Panagiotou, A D, Petridis, A, Pfennig, J, Posa, F, Pretzl, Klaus P, Pugh, Howel G, Pühlhofer, F, Rai, G, Ranieri, A, Rauch, W, Renfordt, R E, Röhrich, D, Runge, K, Sandoval, A, Schall, D, Schmitz, N, Schouten, T E, Schröder, L S, Selvaggi, G, Seyboth, P, Seyerlein, J, Skrzypczak, E, Spinelli, P, Stock, Reinhard, Thomas, A, Tincknell, M L, Teitelbaum, L, Vesztergombi, G, Vranic, D, and Wenig, S

Subjects
Particle Physics - Experiment
Published
1988

19. The use of a standard time-sharing operating system to control a complex of real-time processes

Author

Bettels, J, Jank, W, Krischer, Werner, and Williams, D O

Subjects
Computing and Computers
Abstract

When faced with the problem of providing software control for a complex of real-time processes it is fairly common to construct a purpose-built operating system. This paper presents our experience of taking the opposite approach and using a standard manufacturer- supplied operating system as the basis of the software system. (6 refs).

Published
1973

21. The status of CERN-RHEL minimum guidance

Author

Altaber, Jacques, Ferran, P M, Ganguli, S N, Gérard, J M, Head, A E, Krischer, Werner, Nardi, J, Sambles, A, and Williams, D O

Subjects
Other Fields of Physics
Published
1968

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