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More than half of drugs are chiral compounds with their chirality determining their molecular interactions, ecofriendly environmental safety and efficacy. Overall nearly 90% of chiral compounds are marketed as racemates consisting of an equimolar mixture of two enantiomers. Despite having identical chemical structure and bonding, racemates function differently when exposed to chiral environments and demonstrate notable variances in biological properties such as pharmacology, toxicology, metabolism and pharmacokinetics, etc. Advancements in asymmetric synthesis in recent years have led to considerable interest in the development of single enantiomers of chiral drug molecules for medicinal chemistry settings. In this review, we want to compile examples of chiral medicines approved by the FDA in the years 2022 and 2023 with an emphasis on their synthesis along with information on chiral induction as well as enantiomeric excess., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

An efficient iodine-catalyzed method for synthesizing imidazo[1,2- a ]pyrazines and imidazo[1,2- a ]pyridines via one-pot three-component condensations has been reported. The product, generated in situ by the reaction between an aryl aldehyde and 2-aminopyridine or 2-aminopyrazine, undergoes [4 + 1] cycloaddition with tert -butyl isocyanide, affording the corresponding imidazopyrazine and imidazopyridine derivatives in good yields. The photophysical properties of these new fluorescent derivatives are also presented. The anti-cancer activities of the synthesized compounds (10a-m) and (12a-l) were evaluated against four cancer cells (Hep-2, HepG2, MCF-7, A375) and the normal Vero cell. Significant anti-cancer activities were observed and compared with the standard drug Doxorubicin. In vitro experimental results revealed that compound 12b is a promising lead with IC 50 values of 11 μM, 13 μM, 11 μM, 11 μM, and 91 μM against Hep-2, HepG2, MCF-7, A375, and Vero, respectively., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)