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IFPRI1; Open Access, EPTD, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected between April and May 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation, and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within two CCAFS research sites in Bangladesh, Bagerhat and Satkhira. Data were collected on the three previous agricultural seasons, that is, from August 2011 to August 2012. The survey covered the same households that were sampled for the IMPACT Lite surveys, designed by researchers at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) in order to supplement the detailed productivity-related information collected through that survey. Gender-disaggregated data were gathered on climate change perceptions, agricultural activities, decision-making, weather information, risk perceptions, and adaptation. Information was also collected on assets, farming decisions, agricultural practices, respondents’ access to information, extension services, and credit; and their participation in community groups. Data were gathered through the use of questionnaires administered through face-to-face interviews. Two adult decision makers (one male and one female) were interviewed separately per household in order to capture independent perceptions.

IFPRI1; Open Access, EPTD, CGIAR Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected in four sites in Africa south of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer questions such as: • How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? • What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? • How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? • Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men. The gender survey contained 13 modules, posing questions at the household and individual levels. These modules are: 1) a household roster; 2) sketch of the farm (pre-populated from a previous survey—IMPACT Lite); 3) land ownership, management, and decision making; 4) decision-making authority on agricultural, livestock, and household decisions; 5) adoption and knowledge of climate-smart agriculture practices; 6) access to and use of climate and agricultural information services; 7) access to and use of credit; 8) membership in groups; 9) fuel and water use; 10) experience with climate shocks and coping strategies; 11) perception of climate change and its potential impacts; 12) identification of adaptation strategies

IFPRI1; Open Access, EPTD, CGIAR Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected in four sites in Africa south of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer questions such as: • How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? • What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? • How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? • Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men. The gender survey contained 13 modules, posing questions at the household and individual levels. These modules are: 1) a household roster; 2) sketch of the farm (pre-populated from a previous survey—IMPACT Lite); 3) land ownership, management, and decision making; 4) decision-making authority on agricultural, livestock, and household decisions; 5) adoption and knowledge of climate-smart agriculture practices; 6) access to and use of climate and agricultural information services; 7) access to and use of credit; 8) membership in groups; 9) fuel and water use; 10) experience with climate shocks and coping strategies; 11) perception of climate change and its potential impacts; 12) identification of adaptation strategies

IFPRI1; Open Access, EPTD, CGIAR Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected in four sites in Africa south of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer questions such as: • How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? • What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? • How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? • Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men.The gender survey contained 13 modules, posing questions at the household and individual levels. These modules are: 1) a household roster; 2) sketch of the farm (pre-populated from a previous survey—IMPACT Lite); 3) land ownership, management, and decision making; 4) decision-making authority on agricultural, livestock, and household decisions; 5) adoption and knowledge of climate-smart agriculture practices; 6) access to and use of climate and agricultural information services; 7) access to and use of credit; 8) membership in groups; 9) fuel and water use; 10) experience with climate shocks and coping strategies; 11) perception of climate change and its potential impacts; 12) identification of adaptation strategies; a

IFPRI1; Open Access, EPTD, CGIAR Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected in four sites in Africa south of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer questions such as: • How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? • What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? • How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? • Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men. The gender survey contained 13 modules, posing questions at the household and individual levels. These modules are: 1) a household roster; 2) sketch of the farm (pre-populated from a previous survey—IMPACT Lite); 3) land ownership, management, and decision making; 4) decision-making authority on agricultural, livestock, and household decisions; 5) adoption and knowledge of climate-smart agriculture practices; 6) access to and use of climate and agricultural information services; 7) access to and use of credit; 8) membership in groups; 9) fuel and water use; 10) experience with climate shocks and coping strategies; 11) perception of climate change and its potential impacts; 12) identification of adaptation strategies

Non-PR, IFPRI1; CRP7, EPTD, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), The CCAFS Gender and Climate Survey data were collected in 4 sites in Africa South of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project on Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change.2 The survey grew out of collaboration, organized by CCAFS, between researchers participating in the program from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). The project aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, coping and adaptation strategies, and the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal and Uganda. These issues are areas where CCAFS interventions may lead to gender transformative outcomes. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer the following questions: How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men farmers. Multiple members of each household were surveyed to capture gendered views and experiences. The data, therefore, offer valuable insights into the ways in which men and women perceive and adopt innovations differently.

BackgroundWhat are the key factors that contribute to household-level food security? What lessons can we learn from food secure households? What agricultural options and management strategies are likely to benefit female-headed households in particular? This paper addresses these questions using a unique dataset of 600 households that allows us to explore a wide range of indicators capturing different aspects of performance and well-being for different types of households—female-headed, male-headed, food secure, food insecure—and assess livelihoods options and strategies and how they influence food security. The analysis is based on a detailed farm household survey carried out in three sites in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.ResultsOur results suggest that food insecurity may not be more severe for female-headed households than male-headed households. We found that food secure farming households have a wider variety of crops on their farms and are more market oriented than are the food insecure. More domestic assets do not make female-headed households more food secure. For the other categories of assets (livestock, transport, and productive), we did not find evidence of a correlation with food security. Different livelihood portfolios are being pursued by male versus female-headed households, with female-headed households less likely to grow high-value crops and more likely to have a less diversified crop portfolio.ConclusionsThese findings help identify local, national and regional policies and actions for enhancing food security of female-headed as well as male-headed households. These include interventions that improve households’ access to information, e.g., though innovative communication and knowledge-sharing efforts and support aimed at enhancing women’s and men’s agricultural market opportunities.

Non-PR, IFPRI5; CRP7, EPTD; PHND, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)

PR, IFPRI4; CRP2; CRP4, A4NH; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

Non-PR, IFPRI5; CRP2; CRP7; COP, EPTD; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)

PR, IFPRI3; ISI, EPTD

The food systems/global environmental change nexus is a key area of research that links two major interconnected challenges humanity faces in the 21st century. This paper discusses the role of strategic foresight for tackling these challenges in spaces that aim to facilitate deliberative, multi-actor governance. First, we reflect on the role of foresight in the domains of global food futures and global environmental change and its impacts on governance in these domains. Then, we explore how lessons from both domains can be integrated by examining an on-going international foresight program: the CGIAR program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Using multi-stakeholder scenarios interacting with global market/water/land cover models, this program explores trade-offs, synergies and other relationships between food security and environmental governance in the developing world. The CCAFS foresight process takes a complex systems approach, exploring the inter-connectedness of food systems and environmental systems. This systems approach includes the acknowledgement that diverse sources of knowledge and experience are crucial both to systems understanding and to concerted action toward sustainable and accepted change. Key to the CCAFS foresight process is the ambition to go beyond a disconnected futures process and to integrate foresight into the daily realities of multi-actor governance. We discuss how well the CCAFS foresight program connects food systems and environmental change futures and whether it succeeds in integrating strategic foresight in both governance dimensions. Based on this case we outline challenges and opportunities for foresight in the food systems/environments nexus.

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; GRP25; Theme 5; Subtheme 5.1, FCND