Search

Suncokret je sve više ižložen negativnim uticajima klimatskih promena, posebno visokim temperaturama i sušnim periodima, što neretko uzrokuje značajne varijacije i smanjenje prinosa semena. S obzirom na to da se klimatske promene ne mogu zaustaviti, neophodno je identifikovati promene u biljci koje omogućavaju prilagođavanje na ekstremne klimatske uslove i primeniti ova saznanja u procesu oplemenjivanja. Stvaranje novih genotipova tolerantnih na sušu i sve vrste stresa je prioritet u sadašnjem ali i budućem procesu oplemenjivanja biljaka. Postizanje ovog cilja zahteva ispitivanje performanši hibrida na više lokaliteta i u ražlićitim godinama, osiguravajuć i tako pouzdane rezultate i prilagodljivost u promenljivim okolnostima. Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Institut od nacionalnog značaja za Republiku Srbiju, Novi Sad sprovodi svake godine multilokacijske mikro i proizvodne ogleda širom zemlje, testirajući adaptabilnost i stabilnost novih i već raširenih hibrida suncokreta u različitim mikroklimatskim uslovima. Tokom 2023. godine hibridi nove generacije, odnosno dva konvencionalna hibrida (NS Kruna i NS Ronin) i dva Express (SUMO) hibrida (NS H 8002 i NS H 8005) posejani su u osam regiona tj. okruga, kod četiri poljoprivredna proizvođača a u svakom okrugu. Imajući u vidu da je u 2023. godini, prosečan prinos semena suncokreta u Republici Srbiji prema procenama iznošio 2,7 -2,9 t/ha, a kada uporedimo ovu vrednost sa prosečnim prinosima u mreži proizvodnih ogleda osam okruga, jasno se ističe visok kvalitet NS hibrida suncokreta nove generacije. NS Ronin je ostvario izuzetan prinos od 4,2 t/ha, prati ga NS Kruna sa 4 t/ha, dok su SUMO hibridi NS H 8002 i NS H 8005 postigli prinose od 3,7 t/ha i 3,8 t/ha. Rezultati AMMI analize pokazuju da je za prinos semena tokom 2023. godine u proseku kroz sve okruge najstabilniji bio hibrid NS H 8002, sa vrednosć u IPC1 najblizoj nuli. Hibridi NS Kruna, NS Ronin i NS H 8005 su pokazali manju stabilnost, jer su bili udaljeniji o

With climate change significantly affecting crop production, a need for introduction of innovative methods and tools into breeding programs emerged. Furthermore, breeding for abiotic stress resistance, especially drought tolerance, is complex and it requires taking a comprehensive approach and combination of classic and modern tools. The Center of Excellence for Innovations in Breeding of Climate-Resilient Crops – Climate Crops gathers researchers from different backgrounds with the same aim of creating climate-resilient crops. Since the establishment of the Center, multi-omics approach has been used, with focus on epigenetics, an emerging field in genetics, to help us identify mechanisms of fast crop adaptation to stress. Moreover, the cutting-edge phenotyping and sensing tools for the identification of traits associated with stress tolerance and early identification of stress resilience have been introduced into crop selection processes. This in combination with mutation breeding and genome editing, complimenting classical breeding is expected to pave the way for a new era in breeding and creating innovative solutions for 21st century crop breeding and cultivation.

Macrophomina phaseolina is increasingly threatening sunflower yields in Europe, intensified by climate change. In this study, 12 inbred sunflower lines were tested under two infection conditions: the aggressive toothpick method, with tissue penetration, and the less invasive Unfounded Stem Base Inoculation method (USBI), without penetration. Three parameters were measured: the height of stem sections covered with microsclerotia, seed yield, and the 1000-seed mass. The results revealed distinct differences among the inbred lines regardless of the parameter measured or the infection method used. The toothpick method categorized genotypes into two groups based on seed yield, six groups based on the1000-seed mass, and five groups based on the height of stem sections covered with microsclerotia. Conversely, the USBI method grouped the genotypes into four groups by seed yield, two groups by the 1000-seed mass, and four groups by the height of stem sections covered with microsclerotia. The study found that the toothpick method highlighted greater differences in seed quality, specifically the 1000-seed mass, whereas the USBI method better differentiated the genotypes based on seed yield. This suggests that while both methods are effective in evaluating the impact of Macrophomina phaseolina, they may be suited for different aspects of genotype assessment in sunflower breeding programs aimed at improving resistance to charcoal rot.

The rice weevil [Sitophilus oryzae (L.)] is an economically important polyphagous primary pest of different grain commodities and cereal-based products (Stejskal et al., 2004). It is often a limiting factor in a post-harvest storage of small grains in Serbia. The rice weevil's preference for wheat has been previously confirmed, in comparison to other small grains (Athanassiou et al., 2008; Majd-Marani et al., 2023), although weevils development and population growth can be influenced not only by the grain species but also by a variety (Dohertry, 2023). Therefore, defining an exact seed trait (physio-morphological, nutritive trait, biochemical composition etc.) that affects insect’s bionomy is a crucial for differentiating suitable and/or tolerant varieties. Further knowledge on the suitability of a certain grain commodity and variety, as well as the specific responsible trait, is important for improving pest management programs and developing new breeding strategies.

Providing new solutions for accelerating climate-smart crops creation has become a number one task in breeding. A project funded by the European Commission under the agreement No. 101059784 “Stepping up scientific excellence and innovation capacity for climate-resilient crop improvement and production” CROPINNO is tackling with this problem. Within the framework of this project, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia (IFVCNS) is teaming up with reputable European research institutions and Universities for the introduction of new tools in IFVCNS breeding programs. On genetic level, we are exploiting state-of-the-art platforms for analysing sunflower epigenome, namely histone methylation and activities of non-coding RNAs to quest for important epiQTLs that would improve sunflowers quick response to abiotic stress. Moreover, we are introducing new phenotyping tools such as root phenotyping to identify root traits related to abiotic stress response. By combing latest molecular and phenotypic tools we will be able to accelerate creation of climate-resilient sunflower and be ready for what future environmental change brings us.

Chlorophyll content indicates plant health, photosynthetic efficiency, and nutrient status. High chlorophyll contents often correlate with vigorous growth and higher yields, while changes can signal environmental stresses like drought. During drought, chlorophyll content can decrease, reflecting impaired photosynthesis and nutrient uptake, making it a valuable indicator of drought tolerance. This study examines the variations in chlorophyll content across twenty different NS sunflower hybrids and its correlation with seed yield and oil content. Chlorophyll measurements were conducted at four growth stages, from bud to flowering phases within a month during 2022. Each hybrid exposed unique chlorophyll dynamics, reflecting their genetic diversity and adaptability to varying environmental conditions. Statistical analysis revealed no significant correlations between seed yield and chlorophyll content in any of the four growth stages measured. However, negative correlations between oil and chlorophyll content were obtained at all four growth stages, but statistical significance was obtained at the end of budding (r = – 0,443⃰) and the beginning of the flowering phase (r = -0,433⃰). In conclusion, the lack of significant correlations between tested traits and chlorophyll content suggests that other factors as well as wider variability of sunflower genotypes is essential.

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds represent valuable and nutritious food stuff with a high oil and protein content, and excellent potential to be used in the production of food products and edible oils. Unsaturated fatty acids contained in sunflower oil are linoleic and oleic, which are susceptible to oxidative degradation and rancidity if seeds are stored in inadequate conditions, which results in sensorial and nutritional deterioration. Additionally, sunflower seeds in storage are often damaged by a sawtoothed beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.) that is also responsible for seed quality deterioration and vitality loss, particularly if present at higher abundance. Recently more attention has been given to prevention measures and improving storage technology. Modified atmosphere method offers a safe and biorational option for disinfection and improvement of storage and preservation of seed quality and vitality. The concept of modified atmospheres that are created in gas-tight bags relay on a physical and metabolic basis. Respiration of the living organisms in storage (insects, fungi, and seeds) leads to depleted oxygen (O2), from near 21 % to 1 to 2 %, while increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) level from an ambient 0.035 % to up to 20 %. This environment kills insects and prevents aerobic fungi from growing, but also maintains stored seed quality for a longer period. This study examined the influence of gas-tight bag storaging on vitality and nutritional parameters of sunflower seeds as well as the effect on development of infestation with sawtoothed beetle, over three and six months, comparing to storage in conventional paper bags. Additionally, results were correlated with seed morpho-anatomical characteristics (seed dimensions, seed weight and thickness of pericarp). Morphological measurements were performed using caliper while observations and measurements of pericarp were performed using a light microscope. Sunflower seeds (five different hybrids) was stored

One of the most important tasks when planning research is the correct selection of materials for experiments, especially if the same material will be tested over the years. During processing, natural seeds are uniform in size and weight and separated into fractions. Even though the seed is of the same origin and from the same locality, there are differences in the quality parameters between the fractions. The seeds of four sunflower genotypes were divided into larger and smaller fractions, and within them into heavier and lighter fractions. On average, the differences in 1000-seed mass between all tested fractions were significant. The hull content ranged from 21.2% in Sumo 2 Or to 25.85% in the Sumo 1 Pr and was on average significantly higher in the large seed fractions. The exception was the Sumo 3 genotype, where the lighter fractions had a significantly higher hull content. The oil content was significantly higher in the lighter seed fractions (42.45% and 42.22%), while in the protein content all differences were significant. On average, the largest protein content was in the fraction of large and heavier seeds (22.52%), while the smallest was in smaller and heavier seeds (20.82%). Germination, as the most important parameter of seed viability, was higher in smaller seed fractions, and there were significant differences between smaller and lighter seeds compared to large seed fractions (3.82% and 2.44%). The results indicate that with these four genotypes, lighter and smaller seeds are more suitable for research, which is contrary to common practice.

Maize is a predominant field crop in Serbia, cultivated on over 900 000 ha of arable land, and the most important export crop. During post-harvest period maize is susceptible to different insect pests, particularly the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.). This is the most devastating primary pest of maize worldwide, especially in the context of climate change. As the importance and losses caused by this pest are increasing, it is important to test the existing maize genepool for the weevil susceptibility, so as to identify the most tolerant genotypes to be included in breeding programs. A number of studies report the tolerance of maize hybrids, however the information about the bases of the tolerance is lacking. This work aimed to screen a number of maize genotypes for susceptibility to the rice weevil and suitability for the weevil development, in correlation with biochemical composition, nutritive quality and kernel hardness. The following bionomy and feeding indices were monitored after storage period of four months: adult mortality, progeny production (number adult weevils in F1 generation), Susceptibility Index (SI), kernel weight loss (gr) and kernel consumption (%). Based on SI, all tested genotypes were classified into different susceptibility groups. The genotypes exhibited different degrees of susceptibility to the rice weevil attack and suitability for the weevil development and feeding. The least susceptible was popcorn type of maize, while white and red-aleuron genotypes were the most suitable for the rice weevil development and feeding, which is correlated to the kernel hardness and nutrient content.

In spatial computing, data-driven systems process vast data but face challenges due to complex algorithms and growing datasets, necessitating hardware scaling with higher costs. Compression is able to optimize memory and computational efficiency by removing unimportant information within the data. This is essential for edge computing, therefore, it is necessary to investigate the role of compression in spatial computing. Results show that compression improves systems efficiency at comparable small costs in accuracy, enabling edge computing in constrained environments., Im Spatial Computing verarbeiten datengetriebene Systeme große Datenmengen, stehen jedoch vor Herausforderungen aufgrund komplexer Algorithmen und wachsender Datensätze. Kompression optimiert die Speicher- und Recheneffizienz indem unwichtige Informationen entfernt werden. Das ist entscheidend für das Edge Computing, daher ist die Rolle der Kompression im Spatial Computing zu untersuchen. Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Kompression die Effizienz datengetriebener Systeme verbessert, bei vergleichsweise geringen Verlusten von Genauigkeit.

Macrophomina phaseolina, the causative agent of charcoal rot, affects a wide array of plant hosts, including sunflower. This disease thrives in warm, arid conditions, leading to symptoms such as the wilting, drying, and premature ripening of sunflower plants. This study aims to explore the biochemical responses of 15 inbred lines, each exhibiting varying levels of resistance, to uncover potential correlations between resistance levels and biochemical reactions in sunflower inbred lines. The investigation focused on: total protein content (TPC), lipid peroxidation intensity as a marker of membrane integrity (LP), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide-dismutase activity (SOD), and total phenolic content as antioxidant compounds (TP). These parameters were assessed 10 days following the laboratory inoculation of inbred lines with the pathogen and compared with disease severity. Correlations between resistance levels and the results of these five assays were analyzed in conjunction with disease severity observed in the inbred lines. Remarkably, after the 10-day assessment period, only the total phenolic content showed a significant positive correlation with the resistance of inbred lines (r=0.712; p<0.05). This finding identified inbred lines PB 21 and L 1 as the most resilient among the tested varieties. It was observed that different inbred lines exhibit distinct responses to M. phaseolina. However, in the majority of cases, an increase in total phenolic content was noted in sunflower plants following inoculation. This suggests a potential defensive mechanism triggered by the pathogen. Further studies can analyze more precisely into the molecular intricacies of sunflower resistance to charcoal rot and validate these findings across broader genetic backgrounds.

Oplemenjivanje suncokreta je kontinuirani proces dizajniran da poveća nivo prinosa i poboljša otpornost na biotičke i abiotičke stresove. Oplemenjivači su bili uspešni u proizvodnji velikog broja sorti koristeći konvencionalne metode oplemenjivanja koje se razlikuju u zavisnosti od vrste. Pojava novih tehnika, kao što je genomska selekcija i izmena genoma, zajedno sa efikasnim platformama za fenotipizaciju, utrle su put efikasnijem unošenju poželjnih osobina. Novi pristupi u genotipizaciji i fenotipizaciji omogućili su efikasnije prikupljanje podataka za identifikaciju kvantitativnih svojstava i objašnjenje genetske osnove agronomski važnih osobina. Stvaranje genotipova suncokreta otpornih na promene klime može doprineti ublažavanju negativnog uticaja koje poljoprivredna proizvodnja ima na životnu sredinu, poput intenzivnog iskorišćavanja voda i emisije gasova staklene bašte, dok s druge strane obezbeđuje resurse za stabilnu poljoprivrednu proizvodnju. U radu je dat pregled novih pristupa i koraka u oplemenjivanju suncokreta i stvaranju genotipova tolerantnih na promene klime, uz osvrt na aktivnosti u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo vezane za njihovu primenu u NS oplemenjivačkom programu., Sunflower breeding is a continuous process designed to increase yield levels and improve resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Breeders have been successful in producing a large number of varieties using conventional breeding methods that vary by species. The emergence of new techniques, such as genomic selection and genome editing, together with efficient phenotyping platforms, have paved the way for more efficient introduction of desirable traits. New approaches in genotyping and phenotyping have enabled more efficient data collection to identify quantitative traits and explain the genetic basis of agronomically important traits. The creation of sunflower genotypes resistant to climate change can contribute to mitigating the negative impact that agricultural production has on the environment, such as intensive water depletion and greenhouse gas emissions, while on the other hand providing resources for stable agricultural production. The paper provides an overview of new approaches and steps in sunflower breeding and the creation of genotypes tolerant to climate changes, with a review of the activities at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops related to their application in the NS breeding program.

This work aimed to assess the potential of thermal treatments for controlling P. interpunctella on sunflower seeds, based on its tolerance to high/elevated temperatures and effect on seed vitality. The tests involved mature larvae (L5) and pupae, exposed to 35, 40, 42, 44, 45, 50, 55 and 60 °C, for 15 and 30 min, and 1, 2, 6, 24, 48 h. Larval mortality and survival, Probyt analysis, developmental dynamics, longevity analysis, progeny production and the effect on sunflower seed vitality (germination energy and germination) were assessed. Larval mortality of 75.9% was achieved after 30 min of exposure at 44 °C, 77.0% at 45 °C after 15 min, and 100% after 45 min. At 60 and 65 °C total mortality was achieved already after 15 min of exposure. Lethal exposure time (LT50) needed to kill 50% of larval population was 15 min at 44.2 °C, 30 min at 43.3 °C, 45 min at 42.1 °C or 41.8 °C at 60 min, respectively. LT90 can be achieved after 15 min of exposure at 45.2 °C, 30 min at 44.3 °C, 45 min at 43.3 °C, or 60 min at 42.1 °C. Pupal LT50 was 15 min at 56.7 °C, 30 min at 53.1 °C, 45 min at 52.4 °C or 60 min at 52.2 °C, while LT90 was 15 min at 59.7 °C, 30 min at 56.3 °C, 45 min at 56.1 °C or 60 min at 55.6 °C. The fastest development, and the highest progeny production was in treatments when the parenteral population was exposed to 40 °C for 1, 2 and 6 h. The developmental duration was significantly shortened when parenteral population was exposed to 40 °C for 48 h. The temperature and exposure did affect the duration of the adult life stage only when exposed for 2, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h to 40 °C. The germination of sunflower seed (86.7%) was inhibited by heat at 45 °C when exposed for 24 h.

Suncokret je stranooplodna entomofilna biljka i za uspešnu proizvodnju semena neophodno je prisustvo polinatora. Ispitivan je uticaj uslova oplodnje na elemente prinosa. U slobodnoj oplodnji prinos semena po glavi je u proseku za 12 genotipova u 2 godine ispitivanja bio za 72,13% veći u odnosu na uslove samooplodnje, masa 1000 semena je bila za 10,08% manja a sadržaj ulja veći za gotovo 6%. Uslovi oplodnje značajno utiču na sadržaj ulja što potvrđuje i Spirmanov koeficijent korelacije rangova genotipova po sadržaju ulja u dva tipa oplodnje koji je veoma nizak (Sccr = 0,1119). Na posetu utiču sadržaj nektara, količina i kvalitet polena, dužina krunice, boja cveta i drugi faktori atraktivnosti, ali je veći uticaj faktora spoljašnje sredine i primenjenih agrotehničkih mera., The sunflower is an entomophilous plant, and the presence of pollinators is necessary for successful seed production. The influence of fertilization conditions on yield elements was examined. In open pollination, the seed yield per head was on average 72.13% higher for 12 genotypes in 2 years of testing compared to self-fertilization conditions, the weight of 1000 seeds was 10.08% lower and the oil content was almost 6% higher. Fertilization conditions significantly affect the oil content, which is confirmed by Spearman's coefficient of correlation of genotype ranks by oil content in two types of fertilization, which is very low (Scer = 0.1119). The visit is influenced by the content of nectar, the quantity and quality of pollen, the length of the corolla, the color of the flower and other factors of attractiveness, but the factors of the external environment and applied agrotechnical measures have a greater influence.

Sunflower is the third largest oil crop and in 2023 it was grown on over 28 million hectares in the world. With the discovery of the CMS source in 1969, sunflower hybrids began to be created. The first commercial hybrids based on CMS were registered in Romania, in 1974 and in Yugoslavia, in 1978. It is estimated that hybrids are grown on around 85% of the total sunflower planting area today, and the remaining 15% are still landrace varieties, mostly of the confectionery type. Therefore, the requirement for hybrid sunflower seeds in the world today is around 120 million kg (about 12 million bags of 150,000 grains). To reach to this amount, the sunflower will be with an average yield of 700 kg/ha of processed seeds, it is necessary to plant sunflower with area about 170,000 ha. The total commercial hybrid sunflower seed production is estimated at USD 2 billion today. The production of hybrid sunflower seeds today is exposed to many new challenges. Global climate change facilitate warming environmentally, thus make drought and stormy winds occurrence. By monitoring the daily dynamics of bee visits, we determined that the maximum number of visits occurs at air temperatures between 20 and 28℃, and air humidity of 40-50%. In recent years, the average temperature in Serbia has increased by nearly 2℃ compared to the multi-year average. This has a negative effect on the vitality of pollen and fertilization, as well as on the visit of bees, so the recommendations for supplying beehives have increased from 2 to 4/ha. Bees are the most important pollinators for sunflower and on average make up 71% of the total visit (in some years over 90%), the insects is mainly from the Syrfidae family (19% of visits), bumblebees (8%) and butterflies (2%), whose populations are constantly decreasing. Due to the increase in the sunflower planting area, it is increasingly difficult to ensure spatial isolation of insects, it decreases to 500 m in many countries, and this already leads to increas

Charcoal rot, caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, is a soil-borne plant pathogen, and presents a significant threat to sunflower cultivation, impacting regions across the globe, particularly under drought stress. This disease can substantially decrease sunflower seed yields, with yield reductions of around 20% potentially reaching up to 90% in severe cases. Limited information about the inheritance of charcoal rot resistance is available to sunflower breeders. To study the inheritance of charcoal rot disease resistance in sunflower. We developed two distinct populations of totaling 200 genotypes from the F2 generation of sunflowers for genetic and molecular screening. The first population originated from crossing inbred lines AB OR 8 and PB 21, while the second is from crossing VL A 8 PR and AB OR 8. Notably, AB OR 8 is classified as a highly susceptible line, whereas PB 21 and VL A 8 PR were resistant. The segregation ratio was investigated in F3 populations using the cut-stem method of inoculation. Based on the obtained data, it was determined that the resistance to M. phaseolina in sunflower does not correspond to the theoretical segregation pattern, indicating the presence of more than two genes involved in inheritance of resistance. For the analysis of resistance QTLs, we exploited SSR markers that were equally distributed throughout the sunflower genome. The majority of significantly associated SSR resistance markers were not common to the two mapping populations, except for two, OR S995 and ORS1265, which displayed consistent efficacy across both populations, suggesting their potential as robust indicators. Future research should explore these markers further, as well as include more markers, particularly in larger population samples, to validate their utility comprehensively

The sunflower is a significant oil crop that can be cultivated in various environmental conditions. Due to the changing climate, the pathogen profile has been altered, posing a threat to sunflower production. Among the various threats, charcoal rot, caused by the soil-borne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, is one of the most significant pathogen. This study aimed to investigate the resistance of 80 sunflower inbred lines to this pathogen using two inoculation methods and naturally infested area under field conditions in two years, 2019 and 2020. The results showed that both inoculation methods and occurrence of disease in naturally infested area (DNI) effectively differentiated between resistant and susceptible inbred lines, with the toothpick method being the most effective. Thirteen inbred lines were resistant according to all inoculation methods, and the others were moderately resistant moderately susceptible or susceptible regarding to inoculation method. The study identified five inbred lines (Ha 74, L1, LIV 10, MA SC 2 and PB 21) as the most resistant, making them important sources for breeding sunflower hybrids resistant to M. phaseolina. Their resistance was confirmed in 2020, highlighting their potential to combat the impact of climate change on sunflower production. This study represents a valuable insight into the control of M. phaseolina using sunflower resistant genotypes, especially since resistance findings have been lacking in other plant species.

As a part of the SafeSeed project, funded by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia (call Prisma) among other traits, we will assess the tolerance of a up to 30 genotypes of 10 agronomically important plant species to the most important stored product pests. 39 maize genotypes of different genetic composition were included in the research. Inbred lines of standard grain type and corresponding F1 hybrids, populations of different genetic basis, biparental F2 obtained from F1 hybrids, local and introduced populations were examined. This paper presents preliminary results of morphological characterization of mentioned maize genotypes, based on kernel hardness and color. As a wide variety of material was examined, including flint and popcorn (as the hardest), dent, and maize genotypes with sugary and oily kernel type (as the softest), significant differences in the hardness and color of the kernels were recorded. As these can affect the interaction with store product pests, the tolerance level might differ among genotypes.

Klimatske promene značajno utiču na gajene kulture, smanjujući stabilnost prinosa i kvalitet semena. Adaptabilnost suncokreta na promenu klime ima ključnu ulogu u perspektivi gajenja ove kulture u Evropi. Prilagođavenjem besplatne agrotehničke mere kao što je datum setve suncokreta, poljoprivrednici mogu povećati prinose. Cilj istraživanja je da analizira i proceni kako različiti genotipovi reaguju na različite datume setve u uslovima promenjene klime, te da identifikuje najpovoljnije uslove za maksimalne prinose semena, ulja, kvalitet proizvedenog semena i morfološke osobine. Istraživanje je sprovedeno od 2020. do 2022. godine na oglednim poljima Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo Novi Sad. Ogled se sastojao od tri izolacije u četiri ponavljanja sa šest genotipova, kao simulacija semenske proizvodnje osnovne kategorije semena i setrifikovane kategorije semena I generacije. Svi genotipovi su posejani u četiri različita datuma setve sa razmakom od dve nedelje između datuma. Analizom rezultata može se primetiti da datum setve, genotip i njihova interakcija značajno utiču na variranje ispitivanih osobina. Utvrđeno je da povećanje prinosa semena prati povećanje kvaliteta proizvedenog semena u svim datumima setve. Korelacijama je utvrđeno da, smanjenje padavina u fazi nalivanja semena utiče na smanjenje prinosa semena i ulja. Primećeno je da visoke temperature od nicanja do butonizacije imaju negativan uticaj na prinos semena, ali povećavaju visinu biljke, energiju klijanja i klijavost proizvedenog semena. Visoke temperature tokom cvetanja negativno utiču na energiju klijanja i klijavost proizvedenog semena, ali pozitivno na prečnik glave. Prilagođavanje datuma setve može biti pouzdan alat za odgovor na buduće klimatske promene. Pomeranje optimalnih datuma setve (sredina aprila) na kasniji period (početak ili sredina maja) može smanjiti stresne uslove tokom oplodnje i nalivanja semena, rezultirajući većim prinosima i boljim kvalitetom proizvedenog semena, što je cilj s, Climate change has a significant impact on cultivated crops, reducing yield stability and seed quality. The adaptability of sunflower to climate change plays a key role in the perspective of growing this crop in Europe. By adjusting a free agrotechnical measure such as the sunflower sowing date, farmers can increase yields. The goal of the research is to analyze and evaluate how different genotypes react to different sowing dates in conditions of a changed climate, and to identify the most favorable conditions for maximum yields of seeds, oil, quality of produced seeds and morphological characteristics. The research was conducted from 2020 to 2022 on the experimental fields of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. The experiment consisted of three isolations in four replications with six genotypes, as a simulation of seed production of the basic seed category and the certified seed category of the first generation. All genotypes were sown on four different sowing dates with a two-week interval between dates. Analyzing the results, it can be observed that the date of sowing, the genotype and their interaction significantly affect the variation of the tested traits. It was found that the increase in seed yield is accompanied by an increase in the quality of the produced seed on all sowing dates. Through correlations, it was determined that the decrease in precipitation during the seed-filling phase affects the decrease in seed and oil yields. It was observed that high temperatures from germination to budding have a negative effect on seed yield, but increase plant height, germination energy and germination of the seeds produced. High temperatures during flowering have a negative effect on the energy of germination and germination of the seeds produced, but a positive effect on the diameter of the head. Adjusting sowing dates can be a reliable tool to respond to future climate change. Shifting the optimal sowing dates (mid-April) to a later period (early