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16. Abstract

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Mache, Ch., Urban, Ch., Sauer, H., Brandesky, G., Meßner, H., Grienberger, H., Becker, H., Slave, I., Hauer, Ch., Pakisch, B., Oberbauer, R., Mokry, M., Ebner, F., Kleinert, R., Schiller, D., Kasparu, H., Schneider, G., Sega, W., Lutz, D., Mader, R. M., Steger, G. G., Sieder, A. E., Ovissi, L., Roth, E., Hamilton, G., Jakesz, R., Rainer, H., Schenk, T., Kornek, G., Schulz, F., Depisch, D., Rosen, H., Sebesta, Ch., Scheithauer, W., Locker, G. J., Czernin, J., Derfler, K., Gnant, M., Schiessel, R., Petru, E., Pickel, H., Heydarfadai, M., Lahousen, M., Haas, J., Sagaster, P., Flamm, J., Umek, H., Essl, R., Teich, G., Micksche, M., Ludwig, H., Ambros, P. F., Lestou, V., Strehl, S., Mann, G., Gadner, H., Eibl, B., Greiter, E., Grünewald, K., Gastl, G., Thaler, J., Aulitzky, W., Lion, T., Henn, T., Gaiger, A., Hofmann, J., Wolf, A., Spitaler, M., Ludescher, Christof, Grunicke, H., Mitterbauer, G., Stangl, E., Geissler, K., Jäger, U., Lechner, K., Mannhalter, C., Haas, Oskar A., Tirita, Anthi, Kahls, P., Haas, O., Hinterberger, W., Linkesch, W., Pober, Michael, Fae, Ingrid, Kyrle, Alexander, Neumeister, Andrea, Panzer, Simon, Kandioler, D., End, A., Grill, R., Karlic, H., Inhauser, T., Chott, A., Pirc-Danoewinata, H., Klepetko, W., Heinz, R., Hopfinger-Limberger, G., Koller, E., Schneider, B., Pittermann, E., Lorber, C., Eichinger, S., Neumann, E., Weidinger, J., Gisslinger, H., Bedford P., Jones D., Cawley J., Catovsky D., Bevan P., Scherrer, R., Bettelheim, P., Knöbl, P., Kyrie, P. A., Lazcika, K., Schwarzinger, I., Sillaber, C., Watzke, H., Dávid, M., Losonczy, H., Matolcsy, A., Papp, M., Prischl, F. C., Schwarzmeier, J. D., Zoubek, Andreas, Harbott, Jochen, Ritterbach, Jutta, Ritter, Jörg, Sillaber, Ch., Agis, H., Spanblöchl, E., Sperr, W. R., Valent, P., Czerwenka, K., Virgolini, I., Li, S. R., Müller, M., Wrann, M., Gaggl, S., Fasching, B., Herold, M., Geissler, D., Nachbaur, D., Huber, Ch., Schwaighofer, H., Pichl, M., Niederwieser, D., Gilly, B., Weissel, H., Lorber, Ch., Schwarzmeier, J., Gasché, C., Reinisch, W., Hilgarth, M., Keil, F., Thomssen, C., Kolb, H. J., Holler, E., Wilmanns, W., Tilg, H., Gächter, A., Panzer-Grümayer, E. R., Majdic, O., Kersey, J. H., Petzer, A. L., Bilgeri, R., Zilian, U., Geisen, F. H., Haun, M., Konwalinka, G., Fuchs, D., Zangerle, R., Artner-Dworzak, E., Weiss, G., Fritsch, P., Tilz, G. P., Dierich, M. P., Wachter, H., Schüller, J., Czejka, M. J., Jäger, W., Meyer, B., Weiss, C., Schernthaner, G., Marosi, Ch., Onderka, E., Schlögl, B., Maca, T., Hanak, R., Mannhalter, Ch., Brenner, B., Mayer, R., Langmann, A., Langmann, G., Slave, J., Poier, E., Stücklschweiger, G., Hackl, A., Fritz, A., Pabinger, I., Willfort, A., Groiss, E., Bernhart, M., Waldner, R., Krieger, O., Nowotny, H., Strobl, H., Michlmayr, G., Mistrik, M., lstvan, L., Kapiotis, S., Laczika, K., Speiser, W., Granena, A., Hermans, J., Zwaan, F., Gratwohl, A., Labar B., Mrsić M., Nemet D., Bogdanić V., Radman I., Zupančić-Šalek Silva, Kovačević-Metelko Jasna, Aurer I., Forstinger, C., Scholten, C., Kier, P., Kalhs, P., Schwinger, W., Slavc, I., Lackner, H., Nussbaumer, W., Fritsch, E., Fink, M., Zechner, O., Kührer, I., Kletter, V., Frey, S., Leitgeb, C., Fritz, E., Silly, H., Brezinschek, R., Kuss, I., Stöger, H., Schmid, M., Samonigg, H., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Schmidt, F., Bauernhofer, T., Kasparek, A. K., Ploner, F., Stoeger, H., Moser, R., Leikauf, W., Klemm, F., Pfeffel, F., Niessner, H., Poschauko, H., Pojer, E., Locker, G. J., Braun, J., Gnant, M. F. X., Michl, I., Pirker, R., Liebhard, A., Zielinski, C., Dittrich, C., Bernát, S. I., Pongrácz, E., Kastner, J., Raderer, M., Jorbenyi, Z., Yilmaz, A., Suardet, L., Lahm, H., Odartchenko, N., Varga, Gy., Sréter, L. A., Oberberg, D., Berdel, W. E., Budiman, R., Brand, C., Berkessy, S., Radványi, G., Pauker, Zs., Nagy, Zs., Karádi, Å., Serti, S., Hainz, R., Kirchweger, P., Prager, C., Prada, J., Neifer, S., Bienzle, U., Kremsner, P., Kämmerer, B., Vetterlein, M., Pohl, W., Letnansky, K., Imre, S. G., Parkas, T., Lakos, Zs., Kiss, A., Telek, B., Felszeghy, E., Kelemen, E., Rak, K., Pfeilstöcker, M., Reisner, R., Salamon, J., Georgopoulos, A., Feistauer, S., Georgopoulos, M., Graninger, W., Klinda, F., Hrubisko, M., Sakalova, A., Weißmann, A., Röhle, R., Fortelny, R., Gutierrez, F., Fritsch, G., Printz, D., Buchinger, P., Buchinger, P., Hoecker, P., Peters, C., Gebauer, E., Katanić, D., Nagy, Á., Szomor, Á., Med. J., Batinić D., Užaervić B., Marušić M., Kovačoević-Metelko Jasminka, Jakić-Razumović Jasminka, Kovačević-Metelko Jasminka, Zuoancić-Šalek Silva, Ihra, G. C., Reinisch, W. W., Hilgarth, M. F., Schwarzmeier, I. D., Várady, E., Molnár, Z. S., Fleischmann, T., Borbényi, Z., Bérczi, M., István, L., Szerafin, L., Jakó, J., Bányai, A., Dankó, K., Szegedi, Gy., Neubauer, M., Frudinger, A., Scholten, Ch., Forstinger, Ch., Dobrić I., Willheim, M., Szépfalusi, Z., Mader, R., Boltz, G., Schwarzmeier, J. D., Nahajevszky, S., Téri, N., Póth, I., Nagy, P., Smanykó, D., Babicz, T., Ujj, Gy., Iványi, J. L., Tóth, F. D., Kiss, J., Konja, J., Petković, I., Kardum, I., Kaštelan, M., Kelečić, J., Feminić, R., Djermanović, M., Bilić, E., Jakovljević, G., Peter, B., Gredelj, G., Senji, P., Thalhammer, F., Floth, A., Etele-Hainz, A., Kainberger, F., Radaszkiewicz, T., Kierner, H., Mód, Anna, Pitlik, E., Gottesman, M., Magócsi, Mária, Sarkadi, B., Knapp, S., Purtscher, B., DelleKarth, G., Jaeger, U., Krieger, O., Berger, W., Elbling, L., Ludescher, C., Hilbe, W., Eisterer, W., Preuß, E., Izraeli, S., Janssen, J. W. G., Walther, J. U., Kovar, H., Ludwig, W. D., Rechavi, G., Bartram, C. R., Rehberger, A., Mittermayer, F., Schauer, E., Kokoschka, E. M., Kammerer, B., Kokron, E., Desser, L., Abdul-Hamid, G., Kroschinksky, F., Luther, Th., Fischer, H., Nowak, R., Wolf, H., Fleischer, J., Wichmann, G., Albercht, S., Adorf, D., Kaboth, W., Nerl, C., Aman, J., Rudolf, G., Peschel, C., Anders, O., Burstein, Ch., Ernst, B., Steiner, H., Konrad, H., Annaloro, U. P., Mozzana, C., Butti, R., Della, C., Volpe A., Soligo D., Uderzo M., Lambertenghi-Deliliers G., Ansari, H., Dickson, D., Hasford, J., Hehlmann, R., Anyanwu, E., Krysa, S., Bülzebrück, H., Vogt-Moykopf, I., Arning, M., Südhoff, Th., Kliche, K. O., Wehmeier, A., Schneider, W., Arnold, R., Bunjes, D., Hertenstein, B., Hueske, D., Stefanic, M., Theobald, M., Wiesneth, M., Heimpel, H., Waldmann, H., Arseniev, L., Bokemeyer, C., Andres, J., Könneke, A., Papageorgiou, E., Kleine, H. -D., Battmer, K., Südmeyer, I., Zaki, M., Schmoll, H. -J., Stangel, W., Poliwoda, H., Link, H., Aul, C., Runde, V., Heyll, A., Germing, U., Gattermann, N., Ebert, A., Feinendegen, L. E., Huhn, D., Bergmann, L., Dönner, H., Hartlapp, J. H., Kreiter, H., Schuhmacher, K., Schalk T., Sparwasser C., Peschel U., Fraaß C. Huber, HIadik, F., Kolbe, K., Irschick, E., Bajko, G., Wozny, T., Hansz, J., Bares, R., Buell, U., Baumann, I., Harms, H., Kuse, R., Wilms, K., Müller-Hermelink, H. K., Baurmann, H., Cherif, D., Berger, R., Becker, K., Zeller, W., Helmchen, U., Hossfeld, D. K., Bentrup, I., Plusczyk, T., Kemkes-Matthes, B., Matthes, K., Bentz, M., Speicher, M., Schröder, M., Moos, M., Döhner, H., Lichter, P., Stilgenbauer, S., Korfel, A., Harnoss, B. -M., Boese-Landgraf, J., May, E., Kreuser, E. -D., Thiel, E., Karacas, T., Jahn, B., Lautenschläger, G., Szepes, S., Fenchel, K., Mitrou, P. S., Hoelzer, D., Heil, G., Lengfelder, E., Puzicha, E., Martin, H., Beyer, J., Kleiner, S., Strohscheer, I., Schwerdtfeger, R., Schwella, N., Schmidt-Wolf, I., Siegert, W., Weyer, C., arzen, G., Risse, G., Miksits, K., Farshidfar, G., Birken, R., Schilling, C. v., Brugger, W., Holldack, J., Mertelsmann, R., Kanz, L., Blanz, J., Mewes, K., Ehninger, G., Zeller, K. -P., Böhme. A., Just G., Bergmann. L., Shah P., Hoelzer D., Stille W., Bohlen, H., Hopff, T., Kapp, U., Wolf, J., Engert, A., Diehl, V., Tesch, H., Schrader, A., van Rhee, J., Köhne-Wömpner, H., Bokemeyer', C., Gonnermann, D., Harstrick, A., Schöffski, P., van Rhee, J., Schuppert, F., Freund, M., Boos, J., Göring, M., Blaschke, G., Borstel, A., Franke, A., Hüller, G., Uhle, R., Weise, W., Brach, Marion A., Gruss, Hans-Jürgen, Herrmann, Friedhelm, deVos, Sven, Brennscheidt, Ulrich, Riedel, Detlev, Klch, Walter, Bonlfer, Renate, Mertelsmann, Roland, Brieaer, J., Appelhans, H., Brückner, S., Siemens, HJ., Wagner, T., Moecklin, W., Mertelsmann, R., Bertz, H., Hecht, T., Mertelsmann, R., Bühl, K., Eichelbaum, M. G., Ladda, E., Schumacher, K., Weimer, A., Bühling, F., Kunz, D., Lendeckel, U., Reinhold, D., Ulmer, A. J., Flad, H. -D., Ansorge, S., Bühring, Hans-Jörg, Broudy¶, Virginia C., Ashman§, Leonie K., Burk, M., Kunecke, H., Dumont, C., Meckenstock, G., Volmer, M., Bucher, M., Manegold, C., Krenpien, B., Fischer, J. R., Drings, P., Bückner, U., Donhuijsen-Ant, R., Eberhardt, B., Westerhausen, M., Busch, F. W., Jaschonek, K., Steinke, B., Calavrezos, A., Hausmann, K., Solbach, M., Woitowitz, H. -P., Hilierdal, G., Heilmann, H. -P., Chen, Z. J., Frickhofen, N., Ellbrück, D., Schwarz, T. F., Körner, K., Wiest, C., Kubanek, B., Seifried, E., Claudé, R., Brücher, J., Clemens, M. R., Bublitz, K., Bieger, O., Schmid, B., Clemetson, K. J., Clemm, Ch., Bamberg, M., Gerl, A., Weißbach, L., Danhauser-Riedl, S., Schick, H. D., Bender, R., Reuter, M., Dietzfelbinger, H., Rastetter, J., Hanauske, A. -R., Decker, Hans-Jochen, Klauck, Sabine, Seizinger, Bernd, Denfeld, Ralf, Pohl, Christoph, Renner, Christoph, Hombach, Andreas, Jung, Wolfram, Schwonzen, Martin, Pfreundschuh, Michael, Derigs, H. Günter, Boswell, H. Scott, Kühn, D., Zafferani, M., Ehrhardt, R., Fischer, K., Schmitt, M., Witt, B., Ho, A. D., Haas, R., Hunstein, W., Dölken, G., Finke, J., Lange, W., Held, M., Schalipp, E., Fauser, A. A., Mertelsmann, R., Donhuijsen, K., Nabavi, D., Leder, L. D., Haedicke, Ch., Freund, H., Hattenberger, S., Dreger, Peter, Grelle, Karen, Schmitz, Norbert, Suttorp, Meinolf, Müller-Ruchholtz, Wolfgang, Löffler, Helmut, Dumoulin, F. L., Jakschies, D., Walther, M., Hunger, P., Deicher, H., von Wussow, P., Dutcher, J. P., Ebell, W., Bender-Götze, C., Bettoni, C., Niethammer, D., Reiter, A., Sauter, S., Schrappe, M., Riehm, H., Niederle, N., Heidersdorf, H., Müller, M. R., Mengelkoch, B., Vanhoefer, U., Stahl, M., Budach, V., loehren, B., Alberti, W., Nowrousian, M. R., Seeber, S., Wilke, H., Stamatis, G., Greschuchna, D., Sack, H., Konietzko, N., Krause, B., Dopfer, R., Schmidt, H., Einsele, H., Müller, C. A., Goldmann, S. F., Grosse-Wilde, H., Waller, H. D., Libal, B., Hohaus, S., Gericke, G., von Eiff, M., Oehme, A., Roth, B., van de Loo, J., von Eiff, K., Pötter, R., Weiß, H., Suhr, B., Koch, P., Roos, H., van de Loo, J., Meuter, V., Heissig, B., Schick, F., Duda, S., Saal, J. G., Klein, R., Steidle, M., Eisner, S., Ganser, A., Seipelt, G., Leonhardt, M., Engelhard, M., Brittinger, G., Gerhartz, H., Meusers, P., Aydemir, Ü., Tintrup, W., Tiemann, H., Lennert, K., Esser, B., Hirsch, F. W., Evers, C., Riess, H., Lübbe, A., Greil, R., Köchling, A., Digel, D., Bross, K. J., Dölken, G., Mertelsmann, R., Gencic S., Ostermann, M., Baum, R. P., Fiebig, H. H., Berger, D. P., Dengler, W. A., Winterhalter, B. R., Hendriks, H., Schwartsmann, G., Pinedo, H. M., Ternes, P., Mertelsmann, R., Dölken, G., Fischbach, W., Zidianakis, Z., Lüke, G., Kirchner, Th., Mössner, J., Fischer, Thomas, Haque, Saikh J., Kumar, Aseem, Rutherford, Michael N., Williams, Bryan R. G., Flohr, T., Decker, T., Thews, A., Hild, F., Dohmen, M., von Wussow, P., Grote-Metke, A., Otremba, B., Fonatsch, C., Binder, T., Imhof, C., Feller, A. C., Fruehauf, S., Moehle, R., Hiddemann Th., Büchner M. Unterhalt, Wörmann, B., Ottmann, O. G., Verbeek, G. W., Seipelt A. Maurer, Geissler, G., Schardt, C., Reutzel, R., Hiddemann, W., Maurer, A., Hess, U., Lindemann, A., Frisch, J., Schulz, G., Mertelsmann, R., Hoelzer, P., Gassmann, W., Sperling, C., Uharek, L., Becher, R., Weh, H. J., Tirier, C., Hagemann, F. G., Fuhr, H. G., Wandt, H., Sauerland, M. C., Gause, A., Spickermann, D., Klein, S., Pfreund-schuh, M., Gebauer, W., Fallgren-Gebauer, E., Geissler, R. G., Mentzel, U., Kleiner, K., Rossol, R., Guba, P., Kojouharoff, G., Gerdau, St., Körholz, D., Klein-Vehne, A., Burdach, St., Gerdemann M., Maurer J., Gerhartz, H. H., Schmetzer, H., Mayer, P., Clemm, C., Hentrich, M., Hartenstein, R., Kohl, P., Gieseler, F., Boege, F., Enttmann, R., Meyer, P., Glass, B., Zeis, M., Loeffler, H., Mueller-Ruchholtz, W., Görg, C., Schwerk, W. B., Köppler, H., Havemann, K., Goldschmitt, J., Goldschmidt, H., Nicolai, M., Richter, Th., Blau, W., Hahn, U., Kappe, R., Leithäuser, F., Gottstein, Claudia, Schön, Gisela, Dünnebacke, Markus, Berthold, Frank, Gramatzki, M., Eger, G., Geiger, M., Burger, R., Zölch, A., Bair, H. J., Becker, W., Griesinger, F., Elfers, H., Griesser, H., Grundner-Culemann, E., Neubauer, V., Fricke, D., Shalitin, C., Benter, T., Mertelsmann, R., Dölken, Gottfried, Mertelsmann, Roland, Günther, W., Schunmm, M., Rieber, P., Thierfelder, S., Gunsilius, E., Kirstein, O., Bommer, M., Serve, H., Hülser, P. -J., Del Valle F., Fischer J. Th., Huberts H., Kaplan E., Haase, D., Halbmayer, W. -M., Feichtinger, Ch., Rubi, K., Fischer, M., Hallek, M., Lepislo, E. M., Griffin, J. D., Emst, T. J., Druker, B., Eder, M., Okuda, K., D.Griffin, J., Kozłowska-Skrzypczak, K., Meyer, B., Reile, D., Scharnofske, M., Hapke, G., Aulenbacher, P., Havemann, K., Becker, N., Scheller, S., Zugmaier, G., Pralle, H., Wahrendorf, J., Heide, Immo, Thiede, Christian, de Kant, Eric, Neubauer, Andreas, Herrmann, Richard, Rochlitz, Christoph, Heiden, B., Depenbrock, H., Block, T., Vogelsang, H., Schneider, P., Fellbaum, Ch., Heidtmann, H. -H., Blings, B., Havemann, K., Fackler-Schwalbe, E., Schlimok, G., Lösch, A., Queißer, W., Löffler, B., Kurrle, E., Chadid, L., Lindemann, A., Mertelsmann, R., Nicolay, U., Gaus, W., Heinemann, V., Jehn, U., Gleixner, B., Wachholz, W., Scholz, P., Plunkett, W., Heinze, B., Novotny, J., Hess, Georg, Gamm, Heinold, Seliger, Barbara, Heuft, H. G., Oettle, H., Zeiler, T., Eckstein, R., Heymanns, J., Havemann, K., Hladik, F., Hoang-Vu, C., Horn, R., Cetin, Y., Scheumann, G., Dralle, H., Köhrle, J., von zur Mühlen, A., Brabant, G., Hochhaus, A., Mende, S., Simon, M., Fonatsch, Ch., Heinze, B., Georgii, A., Hötzl, Ch., Hintermeier-Knabe, R., Kempeni, J., Kaul, M., Hoetzl, Ch., Clemm, Ch., Lauter, H., Hoffknecht, M. M., Eckardt, N., Hoffmann-Fezer, G., Gall, C., Kranz, B., Zengerle, U., Pfoersich, M., Birkenstock, U., Pittenann, E., Heinz, B., Hosten, N., Schörner, W., Kirsch, A., Neumann, K., Felix, R., Humpe, A., Kiss, T., Trümper, L. H., Messner, H. A., Hundt, M., Zielinska-Skowronek, M., Schubert, J., Schmidt, R. E., Huss, R., Storb, R., Deeg, H. J., Issels, R. D., Bosse, D., Abdel-Rahman, S., Jaeger, M., Söhngen, D., Weidmann, E., Schwulera, U., Jakab, I., Fodor, F., Pecze, K., Jaques, G., Schöneberger, H. -J., Wegmann, B., Grüber, A., Bust, K., Pflüger, K. -H., Havemann, K., Faul, C., Wannke, B., Scheurlen, M., Kirchner, M., Dahl, G., Schmits, R., Fohl, C., Kaiser, U., Tuohimaa, P., Wollmer, E., Aumüller, G., Havemann, K., Kolbabek, H., Schölten, C., Popov-Kraupp, B., Emminger, W., Hummel, M., Pawlita, M., v.Kalle, C., Dallenbach, F., Stein, H., Krueger, G. R. F., Müller-Lantzsch, N., Kath, R., Höffken, K., Horn, G., Brockmann, P., Keilholz, U., Stoelben, E., Scheibenbogen, C., Manasterski, M., Tilgen, W., Schlag, P., Görich, J., Kauffmann, G. W., Kempter, B., Rüth, S., Lohse, P., Khalil, R. M., Hültner, L., Mailhammer, R., Luz, A., Hasslinger, M. -A., Omran, S., Dörmer, P., Kienast, J., Kister, K. P., Seifarth, W., Klaassen, U., Werk, S., Reiter, W. W., Klein, G., Beck-Gessert, S., Timpl, R., Hinrichs, H., Lux, E., Döring, G., Scheinichen, D., Döring, G., Wernet, P., Vogeley, K. T., Richartz, G., Südhoff, T., Horstkotte, D., Klocker, J., Trotsenburg, M. v., Schumer, J., Kanatschnig, M., Henning, K., Knauf, W. U., Pottgießer, E., Raghavachar, A., Zeigmeister, B., Bollow, M., Schilling, A., König, H., Koch, M., Volkenandt, M., Seger, Andrea, Banerjee, D., Vogel, J., Bierhoff, E., Heidi, G., Neyses, L., Bertino, J., Kocki, J., Rozynkowa, D. M., M.Rupniewska, Z., Wojcierowski, J., König, V., Hopf, U., Koenigsmann, M., Streit, M., Koeppen, K. M., Martini, I., Poppy, U., Hardel, M., Havemann, K., Havemann, K., Clemm, Ch., Wendt, Th., Gauss, J., Kreienberg, R., Hohenfellner, R., Krieger, O., Istvan, L., Komarnicki, M., Kazmierczak, M., Haertle, D., Korossy, P., Haus, S. Kotlarek, Gabryś, K., Kuliszkiewicz-Janus, M., Krauter, J., Westphal, C., Werner, K., Lang, P., Preissner, K. T., Völler, H., Schröder, K., Uhrig, A., Behles, Ch., Seibt-Jung, H., Besserer, A., Kreutzmann, H., Kröning, H., Kähne, T., Eßbach, U., Kühne, W., Krüger, W. H., Krause, K., Nowicki, B., Stockschläder, M., Peters, S. O., Zander, A. R., Kurowski, V., Schüler, C., Höher, D., Montenarh, M., Lang, W., Schweiger, H., Dölken, Gottfried, Lege, H., Dölken, G., Wex, Th., Frank, K., Hastka, J., Bohrer, M., Leo, R., Peest, D., Tschechne, B., Atzpodien, J., Kirchner, H., Hein, R., Hoffmann, L., Stauch, M., Franks, C. R., Palmer, P. A., Licht, T., Mertelsmann, R., Liersch, T., Vehmeyer, K., Kaboth, U., Maschmeyer, G., Meyer, P., Helmerking, M., Schmitt, J., Adam, D., Prahst, A., Hübner, G., Meisner, M., Seifert, M., Richard, D., Yver, A., Spiekermann, K., Brinkmann, L., Battmer, K., Krainer, M., Löffel, J., Stahl, H., Wust, P., Lübbert, M., Schottelius, A., Mertelsmann, R., Henschler, R., Mertelsmann, R., Mapara, M. Y., Bargou, R., Zugck, C., Krammer, P. H., Dörken, B., Maschek, Hansjörg, Kaloutsi, Vassiliki, Maschek, Hansjörg, Gormitz, Ralf, Meyer, P., Kuntz, B. M. E., Mehl, B., Günther, I., Bülzebruck, H., Menssen, H. D., Mergenthaler, H. -G., Dörmer, P., Heusers, P., Zeller, K. -P., Enzinger, H. M., Neugebauer, T., Klippstein, T., Burkhardt, K. L., Putzicha, E., Möller, Peter, Henne, Christof, Eichelmann, Anette, Brüderlein, Silke, Dhein, Jens, Möstl, M., Krieger, O., Mucke, H., Schinkinger, M., Moiling, J., Daoud, A., Willgeroth, Ch., Mross K., Bewermeier P., Krüger W., Peters S., Berger C., Bohn, C., Edler, L., Jonat, W., Queisser, W., Heidemann, E., Goebel, M., Hamm, K., Markovic-Lipkovski, J., Bitzer, G., Müller, H., Oethinger, M., Grießhammer, M., Tuner, I., Musch E., Malek, M., Peter-Katalinic, J., Hügl, E., Helli, A., Slanicka, M., Filipowicz, A., Nissen, C., Speck, B., Nehls, M. C., Grass, H. -J., Dierbach, H., Mertelsmann, R., Thaller, J., Fiebeler, A., Schmidt, C. A., O'Bryan, J. P., Liu, E., Ritter, M., de Kant, E., Brendel, C., He, M., Dodge, R., George, S., Davey, F., Silver, R., Schiffer, C., Mayer, R., Ball, E., Bloomfield, C., Ramschak, H., Tiran, A., Truschnig-Wilders, M., Nizze, H., Bühring, U., Oelschlägel, U., Jermolow, M., Oertel, J., Weisbach, V., Zingsem, J., Wiens, M., Jessen, J., Osthoff, K., Timm, H., Wilborn, F., Bodak, K., Langmach, K., Bechstein, W., Blumhardt, G., Neuhaus, P., Olek, K., Ottinger, H., Kozole, G., Belka, C., Meusers, P., Hense, J., Papadileris, Stefan, Pasternak, G., Pasternak, L., Karsten, U., Pecherstorfer, M., Zimmer-Roth, I., Poloskey, A., Petrasch, S., Kühnemund, O., Uppenkamp, M., Lütticken, R., Kosco, M., Schmitz, J., Petrides, Petro E., Dittmann, Klaus H., Krieger, O., Pflueger, K. -H., Grueber, A., Schoeneberger, J., Wenzel, E., Havemann, K., Pies, A., Kneba, M., Edel, G., Pohl, S., Bulgay-Mörschel, M., Polzin, R., Issing, W., Clemm, Ch., Schorn, K., Ponta, H., Zöller, M., Hofmann, M., Arch, R., Heider, K. -H., Rudy, W., Tölg, C., Herrlich, P., Prümmer, O., Scherbaum, W. A., Porzsolt, F., Prümmer, O., Krüger, A., Schrezenmeier, H., Schlander, H., Pineo, G., Marin, P., Gluckman, E., Shahidi, N. T., Bacigalupo, A., Ratajczak, M. Z., Gewirtz, A. M., Ratei, R., Borner, K., Bank, U., Bühling, F., Reisbach, G., Bartke, L., Kempkes, B., Kostka, G., Ellwart, X., Birner, A., Bornkamm, G. W., Ullrich, A., Dörmer, P., Henze, G., Parwaresch, R., Müller-Weihrich, S. T., Klingebiel, Th., Odenwald, E., Brandhorst, D., Tsuruo, T., Wetter, O., Renner, C., Pohl, C., Sahin, U., Renner, U., Zeller, K. -P., Repp, R., Valerius, Th., Sendler, A., Kalden, J. R., PIatzer, E., Reuss-Borst, M. A., Bühring, H. J., Reuter, C., der Landwehr, II, U. Auf, der Landwehr, II, U. Auf, Schleyer, E., Rolf, C., Ridwelski, K., Matthias, M., Preiss, R., Riewald, M., Puzo, A., Serke, S., Rohrer, B., Pfeiffer, D., Hepp, H., Romanowski, R., Schött, C., Rüther, U., Rothe, B., Pöllmann, H., Nunnensiek, C., Schöllhammer, T., Ulshöfer, Th., Bader, H., Jipp, P., Müller, H. A. G., Rupp, W., Lüthgens, M., Eisenberger, F., Afflerbach, C., Höller, A., Schwamborn, J. S., Daus, H., Krämer, K., Pees, H., Salat, C., Reinhardt, B., Düll, T., Knabe, H., Hiller, E., Sawinski, K., Schalhorn, A., Kühl, M., Heil, K., Schardt, Ch., Drexler, H. G., Scharf, R. E., Suhijar, D., del Zoppo, G. J., Ruggeri, Z. M., Roll, T., Möhler, T., Giselinger, H., Knäbl, P., Kyrie, P. A., Lazcíka, K., Lechner, X., Scheulen, M. E., Beelen, D. W., Reithmayer, H., Daniels, R., Weiherich, A., Quabeck, K., Schaefer, U. W., Reinhardt J., Grimm M., Unterhalt M., Schliesser, G., Lohmeyer, J., Schlingheider, O., von Eiff, M., Schulze, F., Oehme, C., van de Loo, J., Schlögl E., Bemhart M., Schmeiser, Th., Rozdzinski, E., Kern, W., Reichle, A., Moritz, T., Merk, Bruno, Schmid, R. M., Perkins, N. D., Duckett, C. S., Leung, K., Nabel, G. J., Pawlaczyk-Peter, B., Kellermann-Kegreiß, Schmidt E., Steiert, I., Schmidt-Wolf, G., Schmidt-Wolf, I. G. H., Schlegel, P., Blume, K. G., Chao, N. J., Lefterova, P., Laser, J., Schmitz, G., Rothe, G., Schönfeld, S., Schulz, S., Nyce, J. W., Graf, N., Ludwig, R., Steinhauser, I., Brommer, A. E., Qui, H., Schroeder, M., Grote-Kiehn, J., Bückner, U., Rüger, I., Schröder, J., Meusers, P., Weimar, Ch., Schoch, C., Schröter, G., Stern, H., Buchwald, B., Schick, K., Avril, N., Flierdt, E. v. d., Langhammer, H. R., Pabst, H. W., Alvarado, M., Witte, T., Vogt, H., Schuler, U., Brammer, K., Klann, R. C., Schumm, M., Hahn, J., Günther, W., Wullich, B., Moringlane, J. R., Schöndorf, S., Schwartz, S., Bühring, H. -J., Notter, M., Böttcher, S., Martin, M., Schmid, H., Lübbe, A. S., Leib-Mösch C., Wankmüller, H., Eilbrück, D., Funke, I., Cardoso, M., Duranceyk, H., Seitz, R., Rappe, N., Kraus, H., Egbring, R., Haasberg, M., Havemann, K., Seibach, J., Wollscheid, Ursula, Serke, St., Zimmermann, R., Shirai, T., Umeda, M., Anno, S., Kosuge, T., Katoh, M., Moro, S., Su, C. -Y., Shikoshi, K., Arai, N., Schwieder, G., Silling-Engelhardt, G., Zühlsdorf, M., Aguion-Freire-Innig, E., van de Loo, J., Stockdreher, K., Gatsch, L., Tischler, H. -J., Ringe, B., Diedrich, H., Franzi, A., Kruse, E., Lück, R., Trenn, G., Sykora, J., Wen, T., Fung-Leung, W. P., Mak, T. W., Brady, G., Loke, S., Cossman, J., Gascoyne, R., Mak, T., Urasinski, I., Zdziarska, B., Usnarska-Zubkiewicz, L., Kotlarek-Haus, S., Sciborskl, R., Nowosad, H., Kummer, G., Schleucher, N., Preusser, P., Niebel, W., Achterrath, W., Pott, D., Eigler, F. -W., Venook, A., Stagg, R., Frye, J., Gordon, R., Ring, E., Verschuer, U. v., Baur, F., Heit, W., Corrons, J. L. L. Vives, Vogel, M., Nekarda, H., Remy, W., Bissery, M. C., Aapro, M., Buchwald-Pospiech, A., Kaltwasser, J. P., Jacobi, V., de Vos, Sven, Asano, Yoshinobu, Voss, Harald, Knuth, Alexander, Wiedemann, G., Komischke, B., Horisberger, R., Wussow, P. v., Wanders, L., Senekowitsch, R., Strohmeyer, S., Emmerich, B., Selbach, J., Gutensohn, K., Wacker-Backhaus, G., Winkeimann, M., Send, W., Rösche, J., Weide, R., Parviz, B., Havemann, K., Weidmann, B., Henss, H., Engelhardt, R., Bernards, P., Zeidler, D., Jägerbauer, E., Colajori, E., Kerpel-Fronius, S., Weiss, A., Buchheidt, D., Döring, A., D.Saeger, H., Weissbach, L., Emmler, J., Wermes, R., Meusers, P., Flasshove, M., Skorzec, M., Käding, J., Platow, S., Winkler, Ute, Thorpe, Philip, Winter, S. F., Minna, J. D., Nestor, P. J., Johnson, B. E., Gazdar, A. F., Havemann, K., Carbone, D. P., Wit, M. de, Bittner, S., Hossfeld, D., Wittmann, G., Borchelt, M., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., Koch, K., Brosch, T., Haas, N., Wölfel, C., Knuth, A., Wölfel, T., Safford, M., Könemann, S., Zurlutter, K., Schreiber, K., Piechotka, K., Drescher, M., Toepker, S., Terstappen, L. W. M. M., Bullerdiek, J., Jox, A., zur Hausen, H., Wolters, B., Stenzinger, W., Woźny, T., Sawiński, K., Kozłowska-Skrzypczak, M., Wussow, P. v., Hochhaus, T., Ansarl, H., Prümmer, O., Zapf, H., Thorban, S., Präuer, H., Zeller, W., Stieglitz, J. v., Dürken, M., Greenshaw, C., Kabisch, H., Reuther, C., Knabbe, C., Lippman, M., Havemann, K., Wellstein, A., Degos, L., Castaigne, S., Fenaux, P., Chomienne, C., Raza, A., Preisler, H. D., PEG Interventional Antimicrobial Strategy Study Group, Interventional Antimicrobial Strategy Study Group of the Paul Ehrlich Society (PEG), and H. Riehm for the BFM study group

Published
1992
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20. New aspects in the staging of lung cancer: prospective validation of the International Union Against Cancer TNM classification

Author

Bulzebruck, H., Bopp, R., Drings, P., Bauer, E., Krysa, S., Probst, G., van Kaick, G., Muller, K.-M., and Vogt-Moykopf, I.

Subjects
Lung cancer -- Identification and classification, Tumors -- Identification and classification, Cancer -- Prognosis, Health
Abstract

Background and Methods. To validate the new TNM definitions for lung cancer International Union Against Cancer [UICC] TNM classification, 4th edition, (1987), the data of 3823 patients were analyzed prospectively in terms of concordance between clinical (TNM) and pathologically confirmed classification (pTNM), the value of the various diagnostic techniques in estimating the pathologically confirmed classification, and the prognostic relevance of the new TNM definitions. Results. With regard to the primary tumor (T), clinical and pathologic classifications were identical in 63%; with regard to lymph node involvement (N), the agreement was 47%; for distant metastasis agreement occurred in 91% of cases and for the stages it occurred in 56%. As to the primary tumor (T), the accuracy of radiography (59%) was nearly identical to that of computed tomography (CT) (58%). Both techniques were less precise in determining the extent of lymph node involvement (CT, correct assessments in 50%; radiography, correct assessments in 43%). The statistically significant differences in the prognosis for the T, N, and M categories and for the stages and the categories of the new R classification could be confirmed. Allowance should be made for the different prognosis between T1NOMO and T2NOMO by the new Substages IA and Ib of Stage I. Conclusions. By the new TNM definitions for bronchus carcinoma, international conformity became feasible and practical, and the improvement of its prognostic relevance provided a more reliable basis for establishing guidelines for individual oncologic concepts. Cancer 1992; 70:1102-1110.

Published
1992

22. Diagnostic and therapeutic strategy in malignant pleural mesothelioma

Author

E. Bauer, D. Branscheid, Krysa S, J. Schirren, and H. Bülzebruck

Subjects
Adult, Male, Mesothelioma, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Chest Pain, medicine.medical_specialty, Pleural Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Metastasis, Peritoneum, Weight loss, Germany, Weight Loss, medicine, Humans, Stage (cooking), Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Therapeutic strategy, Aged, 80 and over, Pleural mesothelioma, business.industry, Respiratory disease, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Decortication, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Combined Modality Therapy, Surgery, Survival Rate, Dyspnea, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cough, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

We retrospectively analysed 301 patients with diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma (235 male, 66 female; median age 59 years). Prognosis depended significantly on patient age, evidence of pain, loss of weight, tumour cell type, stage, local and distant metastasis, involvement of peritoneum and surgical treatment. The overall median survival rate was 238 days, after extended pleuropneumonectomy 284 days, and after decortication 315 days - significantly better than the prognosis in patients without surgical treatment or exploratory thoracotomy. Pleuropneumonectomy should only be considered in young patients with an epithelial cell-type tumour (possibly with adjuvant chemotherapy). Decortication seems nowadays to be the treatment of choice.

Published
1991
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23. Does ND-YAG laser extend the indications for resection of pulmonary metastases?

Author

I. Vogt-Moykopf, Probst G, Krysa S, Bülzebruck H, D. Branscheid, J. Schirren, Wollkopf G, and Horn M

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Resection, Metastasis, Positive-Pressure Respiration, medicine, Intubation, Intratracheal, Humans, Thoracotomy, Retrospective Studies, Surgical approach, business.industry, Soft tissue sarcoma, Respiratory disease, Palliative Care, General Medicine, Length of Stay, medicine.disease, Primary tumor, Surgery, Survival Rate, Nd:YAG laser, Female, Laser Therapy, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Surgery forms part of a combined oncological concept in the management of pulmonary metastases. The following questions are relevant for its role: Does survival depend on the type of primary tumor? Are there any prognostic factors? What are the limits on radical resection? We analyzed retrospectively 657 patients who had undergone 759 resections of pulmonary metastases between 1973 and 1990. After conducting in vitro and in vivo experiments with the non-contact neodymium aluminum garnet (Nd-YAG) laser with a generating and delivery power of 10-120 W at the site of operation for 0.1-9.9 s, we have treated 65 patients by laser resection and/or vaporization since January 1990. Our preferred surgical approach was median or transverse thoracotomy. The 5-year survival of all resected patients was 30%, ranging from 21% (soft tissue sarcoma) to 60% (testicular carcinoma). Statistically significant differences in prognosis were seen related to the type of primary tumor, the disease-free interval, the caval or portal type of metastatic spread, the number of metastases and the potential degree of radical resection. The potential degree of conventional radical resections (wedge, anatomical sub-/segmental) was negatively influenced by the number of metastases (n > 9: 79% "radical" surgery = 38% 5-year survival). Laser treatment allowed parenchyma-preserving resection in cases of metastases of more than 0.5 cm in diameter, and vaporization in smaller ones. Resection with the intention of achieving complete remission was possible in up to 72 unilateral metastases. The complication rate was comparable to conventional resections.

Published
1992

24. Validation of the TNM classification (4th edn) for lung cancer: first results of a prospective study of 1086 patients with surgical treatment

Author

Probst G, E. Bauer, I. Vogt-Moykopf, P. Drings, Bülzebruck H, and Krysa S

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, Radiography, Medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Lung cancer, Surgical treatment, Prospective cohort study, Lymph node, Pathological, Neoplasm Staging, business.industry, Respiratory disease, Distant metastasis, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Carcinoma, Bronchogenic, Lymphatic Metastasis, Multivariate Analysis, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

For the purpose of testing the validity of the new TNM classification (fourth edition) for lung cancer, data from 1086 patients with surgical treatment were analysed prospectively. Several items were examined: (1) the agreement between clinical (TNM) and pathologically confirmed classification (pTNM); (2) the value of the various diagnostic tests in estimating the pathologically confirmed classification; (3) the influence of the TNM definitions on separating distinct prognostic groups. With regard to the primary tumour (T), clinical and pathological classification were identical in 64% of the cases. With regard to lymph node involvement (N), the agreement was 48%, for distant metastasis 90% and for the staging 55%. As for the primary tumour (T), the accuracy of radiography (59%) was nearly identical with that of computed tomography (58%). Both these diagnostic techniques were less precise in determining the extent of lymph node involvement (computed tomography 50% correct assessments, radiography 43%). The statistically significant differences in the prognoses for the various pT, pN and pM categories as well as for the pathological stages and the categories of the new R classification could be confirmed. The new 1987 TNM definitions for lung cancer make possible international conformity; the classification is also practically useful and the prognostic relevance improved. The new classifications thus provide a more reliable basis for establishing guidelines for individual oncological therapy strategies and for the exchange of information between different centres on the progress made in diagnosis and therapy of lung cancer.

Published
1991

31. Differences between women and men in prolonged weaning.

Author

Röser E, Michels-Zetsche JD, Ersöz H, Neetz B, Höger P, Trinkmann F, Müller MM, Klotz L, Kontogianni K, Winter H, Dahlhoff JC, Krysa S, Herth FJF, and Trudzinski FC

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Sex Characteristics, Aged, 80 and over, Ventilator Weaning methods
Abstract

Background: In recent years, the importance of sex as a factor influencing medical care has received increasing attention in the field of intensive care medicine. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of sex in prolonged weaning., Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing prolonged weaning at Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg between 12/08 and 12/23 was conducted. Patients with neuromuscular diseases were excluded from the analyses. The risk factors for weaning failure in men and women were identified through stepwise cox-regression analyses., Results: A total of 785 patients were included, of whom 313 (39.9%) were women. 77.9% of the women and 75.4% of the men were successfully weaned from invasive ventilation. In group comparisons and multivariable analyses, sex was not found to be a risk factor for weaning failure. Cox regression analyses were performed separately for both sexes on the outcome of weaning failure, adjusting for relevant covariates. The results indicated that age ≥ 65 years (HR 2.38, p < 0.001) and the duration of IMV before transfer to the weaning centre (HR 1.01/day, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors in men. In women, however, the duration of IMV before transfer (HR 1.01, p < 0.001), previous non-invasive ventilation (HR 2.9, p 0.005), the presence of critical illness polyneuropathy (HR 1.82; p = 0.040) and delirium (HR 2.50, p = 0.017) were identified as relevant risk factors. In contrast delirium was associated with a favourable weaning outcome in men (HR 0.38, p = 0.020) and nosocomial pneumonia as a reason for prolonged weaning in women (HR 0.43; p = 0.032)., Conclusion: The analyses indicate that there are sex-based differences in the risk factors associated with weaning failure. Further studies, ideally prospective, should confirm these findings to assess whether sex is a factor that should be taken into account to improve weaning outcomes., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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32. Phenotyping of pulmonary carcinoids and a Ki-67-based grading approach.

Author

Zahel T, Krysa S, Herpel E, Stenzinger A, Goeppert B, Schirmacher P, Hoffmann H, Schnabel PA, and Warth A

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoid Tumor metabolism, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Ki-67 Antigen biosynthesis, Male, Middle Aged, Mitotic Index, Neoplasm Staging, Phenotype, Tissue Array Analysis, Young Adult, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Carcinoid Tumor pathology, Ki-67 Antigen analysis, Neoplasm Grading methods
Abstract

Pulmonary carcinoids (PC) are separated into typical (TC) and atypical carcinoids (ATC). However, the biological behavior cannot be reliably predicted, and in small biopsies differential diagnosis can be challenging. To provide a basis for a grading approach, we analyzed mitoses and the proliferative index (PI; Ki-67) of 200 PC specimens (TC: n = 114; ATC: n = 86). To define suitable diagnostic and to screen for putative therapeutic markers, CD56, CD57, CD99, CD117, TTF-1, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, CK 18, KL-1, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2/neu), somatostatin receptor subtype 2A (SSTR2A), thymidylate synthase (TS), and excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC-1) expression was analyzed. A combination of synaptophysin and cytokeratins is the most sensitive marker panel for PC with unclear histomorphology. Predictive phenotyping revealed that SSTR2A is expressed in >80% of all PC and may be used both, as a diagnostic marker for imaging approaches and as a predictive marker for octreotide-based therapies. We introduced a grading system distinguishing between PC with low and highly aggressive biological behavior similar to the grading system for gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. The system is superior to the classical separation into TC and ATC. This study indicates that PI in addition to mitotic count may improve prediction of the biological behavior of PC and should be validated in prospective studies.

Published
2012
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33. Chromosomal instability is more frequent in metastasized than in non-metastasized pulmonary carcinoids but is not a reliable predictor of metastatic potential.

Author

Warth A, Herpel E, Krysa S, Hoffmann H, Schnabel PA, Schirmacher P, Mechtersheimer G, and Bläker H

Subjects
Carcinoid Tumor pathology, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Humans, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lymphatic Metastasis, Prognosis, Carcinoid Tumor genetics, Carcinoid Tumor secondary, Chromosomal Instability genetics, Lung Neoplasms genetics
Abstract

Pulmonary carcinoids are infrequent neoplasms of the lung that normally display a less aggressive biological behavior compared to small cell and non-small cell lung cancers. Approximately 15-25% of carcinoids, in particular atypical carcinoids, show lymph node metastasis and have a worse prognosis than their non-metastasized counterparts. To date, there is no morphological or molecular marker that may help to differentiate between carcinoids that metastasize and carcinoids of identical differentiation that show only local tumor growth. In this study, we analyzed 7 metastasized and 10 non-metastasized pulmonary carcinoids for chromosomal and microsatellite instability in order to determine whether microsatellite instability or chromosomal imbalances are associated with metastasis. Due to the rare occurrence of metastasized carcinoids we compared our results of chromosomal instability with the hitherto published comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) profiles of pulmonary carcinoids, for which information about the absence or presence of metastasis was available. While microsatellite instability was not detected we found chromosomal instability as a common event in pulmonary carcinoids with an increase of frequency and extent of chromosomal alterations in atypical and metastasized carcinoids. These findings are in accordance with the collected and herein compiled data of previous studies and indicate increasing numbers of chromosomal imbalances to play a role in the sequential process of tumor development and metastasis.

Published
2009
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34. Prognostic factors for survival after pulmonary resection of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Author

Pfannschmidt J, Hoffmann H, Muley T, Krysa S, Trainer C, and Dienemann H

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Renal Cell mortality, Carcinoma, Renal Cell surgery, Cause of Death, Child, Female, Humans, Kidney Neoplasms mortality, Lung Neoplasms mortality, Lung Neoplasms surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Nephrectomy, Prognosis, Survival Rate, Carcinoma, Renal Cell secondary, Kidney Neoplasms surgery, Lung Neoplasms secondary, Pneumonectomy, Postoperative Complications mortality
Abstract

Background: Pulmonary resection in metastatic renal cell carcinoma is an accepted method of treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical course, outcome, and prognostic factors after surgery., Methods: Between 1985 and 1999, 191 patients (145 men, 46 women) with pulmonary metastases from a renal cell carcinoma underwent surgical resection. Inclusion criteria for the study were the absence of primary tumor recurrence and other extrapulmonary metastases. Complete resection (CR) was achieved in 149 patients., Results: The overall 5-year survival rate was 36.9%. The 5-year survival rate after complete metastasectomy and incomplete resection was 41.5% and 22.1%, respectively. In patients with pulmonary or mediastinal lymph node metastases, we observed after complete resection a 5-year survival rate of 24.4%, whereas the rate was 42.1% in patients without lymph node involvement. A significantly longer survival was observed for patients with fewer than seven pulmonary metastases compared with patients with more than seven metastases (46.8% vs 14.5%). For surgically rendered complete resection (CR) patients with a disease-free interval of 0 to 23 months, the 5-year survival rate was 24.7% compared with 47% for those with more than a 23-month disease-free interval. By multivariate analyses, we showed that the number of pulmonary metastases, the involvement of lymph node metastases, and the length of the disease-free interval were all predictors of survival after complete resection., Conclusions: We conclude that pulmonary resection in metastatic renal cell carcinoma is a safe and effective treatment that offers improved survival benefit. Prognosis-related criteria are identified that support patient selection for surgery.

Published
2002
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35. [Surgery of lung metastasis--indications, results and prognostic factors as an interdisciplinary concept].

Author

Schirren J, Wassenberg D, Krysa S, Branscheid D, di Rienzo G, Drings P, and Vogt-Moykopf I

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lung Neoplasms mortality, Lung Neoplasms surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Palliative Care, Pneumonectomy, Survival Rate, Lung Neoplasms secondary, Patient Care Team
Abstract

Surgical therapy of lung metastases nowadays is an established procedure. The operation's purpose is the radical and therefore potential curative resection. Beside there are diagnostic and palliative indications. Beside there are diagnostic and palliative indications. Median sternotomy is the standard approach for revision of both lungs even in unilateral seeming disease. Preoperative staging is not reliable concerning number and extension of metastases. From 1972 to 1991 843 operations for lung metastases were carried out in 729 patients in the surgical department of the "Thoraxklinik Heidelberg-Rohrbach". 30-day-mortality amounted to 2.9%, 5-year-survival-rate was 33% overall from date of metastases resection. The best results were achieved in testicular cancer with 67% 5-years-survival-rate, poorest survival was observed in melanomas with 12% 3-years-survival. Beside the primary tumor and partly dependent on it several prognostic factors were relevant: radicality, sarcoma vs carcinoma in favour of carcinomas, disease-free interval, type of resection, thoracic lymphnode involvement. As figured out by multivariate analysis the prognostic influence of the factors varies considerably due to the kind of primary tumor. Surgery of lung metastases is part of an interdisciplinary oncological therapeutical concept and offers a prolonged survival to most of the patients and the possibility of cure to some. Even if prolongation of life is not feasible an improved quality and therefore a good palliation is obtained.

Published
1994

36. Pulmonary metastasectomy as secondary treatment for testicular tumors.

Author

Anyanwu E, Krysa S, Buelzebruck H, and Vogt-Moykopf I

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Survival Rate, Testicular Neoplasms mortality, Testicular Neoplasms therapy, Lung Neoplasms secondary, Lung Neoplasms surgery, Testicular Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

Patients presenting with synchronous and metachronous metastases of nonseminomatous testicular tumors are candidates for pulmonary metastasectomy after receiving definitive primary treatment, which includes semicastration, eventually retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, and definitely chemotherapy. One hundred four such patients (age, 14 to 79 years; median age, 27 years) underwent pulmonary metastasectomy from 1972 to 1990, representing 15.8% of the pulmonary metastasectomies performed during the same period. Of the 117 operations performed, eight were repeat operations. Median sternotomy, posterolateral and, later, transverse thoracotomies were the standard surgical approaches used to remove the single and multiple metastases randomly distributed in both lungs. Wedge resections and atypical segmentectomies (66%), lobectomies (15%), anatomic segmentectomies (9%), pneumonectomies (3%), bilobectomies (3%), and mediastinal lymphadenectomies (65.4%) were the various procedures performed. Of the 104 patients, metastasectomy was complete in 80 and incomplete in 24. The 30-day mortality was 2.0%. Life table analysis revealed a survival rate of 77%, 70%, 66%, and 59% at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Of all prognostic factors examined, complete resection of the metastases seems to be the most significant factor influencing the prognosis.

Published
1994
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37. Surgery for pulmonary metastases. The Heidelberg experience.

Author

Vogt-Moykopf I, Krysa S, Bülzebruck H, and Schirren J

Subjects
Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis, Lung Neoplasms mortality, Lung Neoplasms secondary, Male, Morbidity, Postoperative Care, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Postoperative Complications surgery, Preoperative Care, Prognosis, Remission Induction, Reoperation, Retrospective Studies, Survival Rate, Lung Neoplasms surgery, Thoracotomy
Abstract

The surgical treatment of pulmonary metastases is now an established technique in the interdisciplinary concept of oncologic therapy. The authors' finding of a 5-year actuarial survival rate of 33% corresponds with the international standard. Unfortunately, data are only rarely provided as to whether the operations were curative or noncurative. The 5-year actuarial survival rate in 76% of the patients with potentially curative macroscopically radical operations was 38% for all organ tumors. For the time being, a series of prognostic factors should be considered in establishing the indication for surgery, and this should help to reduce the risk of undertreatment or overtreatment.

Published
1994

38. [Surgery for bronchial carcinoma with mediastinal lymph node involvement].

Author

Schirren J, Cuénoud PF, Bülzebruck H, Krysa S, Branscheid D, Müller KM, and Vogt-Moykopf I

Subjects
Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms mortality, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lymph Node Excision, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Mediastinal Neoplasms mortality, Mediastinal Neoplasms secondary, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Lung Neoplasms surgery, Mediastinal Neoplasms surgery
Abstract

Or the 3000 patients analyzed in the prospective bronchial carcinoma field study, 1086 were operated between 1984 and 1989. Complete systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy was performed in 661 patients to assess the PTNM stage as exactly as possible, and to improve prognosis. Lymphadenectomy removes all hylarand mediastinal lymph nodes. Although the operation is technically quite easy on the clearly structured right side, it is more difficult on the left side due to the aortic arch and its branches. The lymph nodes of the upper mediastinum of the left and right side can be completely dissected by mobilizing the aortic arch with the left subclavian artery. In contrast to what is frequently assumed, the histological findings indicate that there is no general pattern of metastatic spread in the lymph nodes. The metastases can leave out varying numbers of lymph nodes craniad as well as caudad. For this reason, the lymph nodes have to be completely resected to ensure a real R0-resection.

Published
1994

39. [The importance of x-ray and endoscopic studies of the stomach in the complex examination of patients following resections and vagotomies].

Author

Benedikt VV, Shashkova TV, Kryvyĭ IP, and Krysa SN

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gastric Emptying, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Postgastrectomy Syndromes epidemiology, Postgastrectomy Syndromes physiopathology, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Postoperative Complications physiopathology, Radiography, Time Factors, Endoscopy, Digestive System, Postgastrectomy Syndromes diagnosis, Postoperative Complications diagnosis, Stomach diagnostic imaging, Vagotomy
Abstract

X-ray and endoscopic examinations were made in the course of follow-up of patients surgically treated for gastroduodenal ulcer (n = 134). X-ray investigations of postoperative stomach make it possible to assess it functionally, to determine its relations with other parts of gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopy is helpful in revealing changes in gastric mucosa, anastomosis capable of producing diverse motor and evacuatory disturbances of the stomach. The methods are recommended in postoperative follow-up as these can identify early abnormalities and give information for relevant correction. The correction made by the authors resulted in a decrease in temporary disability by 2-3 weeks and in unfavorable outcomes from 17.2 to 4.3%.

Published
1993

40. [Extended resection in tumor surgery of the lung].

Author

Schirren J, Krysa S, Bülzebruck H, Branscheid D, and Vogt-Moykopf I

Subjects
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic mortality, Carcinoma, Bronchogenic pathology, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lung Neoplasms mortality, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Neoplasm Staging, Pneumonectomy, Postoperative Complications mortality, Prospective Studies, Survival Rate, Carcinoma, Bronchogenic surgery, Lung Neoplasms surgery
Abstract

Out of 3823 prospectively followed patients with bronchial carcinoma, 1404 were operated upon. After radical resection, prognoses for 5-year survival in T3 and T4 tumors was 22% and 10%, respectively. Resection was carried out in 190 T3 tumors and 202 T4 tumors. Indications are based on existing or imminent complications in advanced locoregional tumor growth. Surgery must be decided on as palliative treatment in a high number of cases. This kind of surgical tumor management requires sophisticated techniques.

Published
1992

41. [Bronchial carcinoma: when to operate, when not?].

Author

Anyanwu E, Krysa S, Bülzebruck H, and Vogt-Moykopf I

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Carcinoma, Small Cell pathology, Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Neoplasm Staging, Pneumonectomy methods, Survival Analysis, Carcinoma, Small Cell surgery, Lung Neoplasms surgery
Published
1991

42. [Surgical indications in small cell bronchial cancer].

Author

Naruke T, Roth JA, Salzer GM, Müller L, Schirren J, Krysa S, Branscheid D, Drings P, Vogt-Moykopf I, and Präuer HW

Subjects
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic mortality, Carcinoma, Small Cell mortality, Combined Modality Therapy, Humans, Lung Neoplasms mortality, Survival Rate, Carcinoma, Bronchogenic surgery, Carcinoma, Small Cell surgery, Lung Neoplasms surgery
Published
1991
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43. [Technique and results of surgery for lung metastasis].

Author

Vogt-Moykopf I, Bülzebruck H, Krysa S, Probst G, and Schirren J

Subjects
Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lung Neoplasms mortality, Lymph Node Excision methods, Lymphatic Metastasis, Postoperative Complications mortality, Postoperative Complications surgery, Reoperation, Survival Rate, Lung Neoplasms secondary, Lung Neoplasms surgery, Pneumonectomy methods
Abstract

Surgical treatment of pulmonary metastases is part of an interdisciplinary strategy in oncological therapy. Between 1973 and 1989, 620 thoracotomies were performed in 549 patients. The most profitable access was the median sternotomy. Thirty-day mortality was 2.7%, 5-year survival was 30% for all patients. If the resection was classified as potentially curative, 5-year survival was 35%. Patients with pulmonary metastases of testicular tumors (5-year-survival rate 70%) had the best prognosis. Prognostic factors must take the primary tumor into consideration.

Published
1990

44. [Indications and results of surgical treatment of bronchial cancer including small-cell carcinoma].

Author

Vogt-Moykopf I, Bülzebrück H, Krysa S, Probst G, Bauer E, and Stoelben E

Subjects
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic mortality, Carcinoma, Bronchogenic pathology, Carcinoma, Small Cell mortality, Carcinoma, Small Cell pathology, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lung Neoplasms mortality, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Neoplasm Staging, Postoperative Complications mortality, Survival Rate, Carcinoma, Bronchogenic surgery, Carcinoma, Small Cell surgery, Lung Neoplasms surgery
Published
1990

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