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BackgroundSiglec-15 is expressed in a variety of cancers. However, the role of Siglec-15 in the prognosis of cancer patients remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the potential prognostic value of Siglec-15 in solid tumors.MethodsThe PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and CNKI databases were comprehensively searched to identify studies assessing the effect of Siglec-15 on the survival of cancer patients. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) from individual studies were evaluated.ResultsThe data from 13 observational studies consisting of 1376 patients were summarized. Elevated baseline Siglec-15 expression was significantly correlated with poor OS (pooled HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.05–1.56; P = 0.013). However, high Siglec-15 expression predicted a significantly better DSS (pooled HR = 0.73 (95% CI: 0.57–0.94; P = 0.015) but not PFS (pooled HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 0.46–4.87; P=0.510). In addition, high Siglec-15 expression was not associated with PD-L1 (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.42–0.95; P = 0.028). High Siglec-15 expression was associated with male sex (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.05-1.84; P = 0.022), larger tumor size (OR = 1.896, 95% CI: 1.26-2.9; P = 0.002), and advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.19-2.84; P =0.006) in solid tumors.ConclusionsThis updated study suggested the expression of Siglec-15 is significantly associated with poor outcomes in human solid tumors, but further studies are needed to determine the prognostic value of Siglec-15 in solid tumors.

Sialic acid-binding receptors are expressed on the surfaces of a variety of immune cells and have complex and diverse immunoregulatory functions in health and diseases. Recent studies have shown that Siglecs could play diverse immune and nonimmune regulatory roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and participate in tumor progression through various mechanisms, such as regulating tumor growth and metastasis, mediating the inflammatory response, and promoting tumor immune escape, thereby affecting the prognoses and outcomes of patients. However, depending on the cell type in which they are expressed, each Siglec member binds to corresponding ligands in the microenvironment milieu to drive diverse cell physiological and pathological processes in tumors. Therefore, we herein summarize the expression spectra and functions of the Siglec family in human diseases, particularly cancer, and highlight the possibility of therapeutic interventions targeting the TME in the future.

The goal of this study is to leverage an advanced fast imaging technique, wave-controlled aliasing in parallel imaging (Wave-CAIPI), and a generative adversarial network (GAN) for denoising to achieve accelerated high-quality high-signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Three-dimensional (3D) THDnGAN effectively denoised low-SNR Wave-CAIPI images with sharpness and rich textural details, which could be adjusted by controlling the contribution of the adversarial loss to the total loss when training the generator. Quantitatively, HDnGAN (λ = 10HDnGAN provides robust and feasible denoising while preserving rich textural detail in empirical volumetric MRI data. Our study using empirical patient data and systematic evaluation supports the use of HDnGAN in combination with modern fast imaging techniques such as Wave-CAIPI to achieve high-fidelity fast volumetric MRI and represents an important step to the clinical translation of GANs.

Thermal ablation surgery can effectively eliminate bone tumors in the spine and meanwhile reduce damage to the human body. To realize the computer modeling and simulation of spine thermal ablation surgery, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of both spine modeling and simulation temperature. This review summarizes the research progress of this field and analyzes the prospects from two aspects: computer modeling based on spine segmentation from medical images and simulation calculation of temperature field in ablation surgery. The research on spine segmentation has made great progress, but there are still some problems that prevent it from being applied in clinical simulation. Related research has been trying to solve the problems. For the ablation surgery of the spine, some researchers have tried ablation simulation and obtained simulation results that are relatively consistent with the actual temperature value.

Pursuing nanometer-scale nonlinear converters based on second harmonic generation (SHG) is a stimulating strategy for bio-sensing, on-chip optical circuits, and quantum information processing, but the light-conversion efficiency is still poor in such ultra-small dimensional nanostructures. Herein, we demonstrate a highly enhanced broadband frequency converter through a hybrid plasmonic–dielectric coupler, a ZnTe/ZnO single core–shell nanowire (NW) integrated with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs). The NW dimension has been optimized to allow the engineering of dielectric resonances at both fundamental wave and second harmonic frequencies. Meanwhile, the localized surface plasmon resonances are excited in the regime between the Ag NPs and ZnTe/ZnO dielectric NW, as evidenced by plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering and resonant absorption. These two contributors remarkably enhance local fields and consequently support the strong broadband SHG outputs in this hybrid nanostructure by releasing stringent phase-matching conditions. The proposed nanoscale nonlinear optical converter enables the manipulation of nonlinear light–matter interactions toward the development of on-chip nanophotonic systems.

CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has demonstrated striking responses among B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), but analyses of potential factors associated with poor response and relapse are lacking. Here, we summarize the long-term follow-up of 254 B-ALL treated with CD19 CAR-T cells from 5 clinical trials (NCT03173417, NCT02546739, and NCT03671460 retrospectively registered on May 23, 2017, March 1, 2018, and September 7, 2018, respectively, at www.clinicaltrials.gov ; ChiCTR-ONC-17012829, and ChiCTR1800016541 retrospectively registered on September 28, 2017, and June 7, 2018, at www.chictr.org.cn ). Our data showed that TP53 mutation, bone marrow blasts > 20%, prior CAR-T/blinatumomab treatment, and severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS) were associated with a lower complete remission (CR) rate while age, extramedullary disease, complex cytogenetics, history of prior transplant, prior courses of chemotherapy, CAR-T cell dose, and manufacturing source of the cellular product did not affect patients’ CR rate. Risk factors related to leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) were history of prior transplant, complex cytogenetics, TP53 mutation, severe CRS, neurotoxicity, and CAR-T therapy without consolidative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Age and CAR-T cell dose did not influence LFS and OS. Patients with consolidative allo-HSCT after CAR-T therapy had a superior OS and LFS compared to those who did not. This benefit was also observed in both pediatric and adult patients as well as in patients either in high- or low-risk groups. This large study to identify risk factors of CR, LFS, and OS may help to maximize clinical outcomes of CAR-T therapy. Precis TP53 mutation and BM blasts > 20% are two independent factors associated with the CR rate. Patients with high tumor burden as well as those with bone marrow blasts

Purpose: Reducing scan times is important for wider adoption of high-resolution volumetric MRI in research and clinical practice. Emerging fast imaging and deep learning techniques provide promising strategies to accelerate volumetric MRI without compromising image quality. In this study, we aim to leverage an advanced fast imaging technique, wave-controlled aliasing in parallel imaging (Wave-CAIPI), and a novel denoising generative adversarial network (GAN) to achieve accelerated high-fidelity, high-signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) volumetric MRI. Methods: 3D T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) image data were acquired on 33 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using a prototype Wave-CAIPI sequence (acceleration factor R=3×2, 2.75 minutes) and a standard T2-SPACE FLAIR sequence (R=2, 7.25 minutes). A hybrid denoising GAN entitled "HDnGAN" composed of a 3D generator (i.e., a modified 3D U-Net entitled MU-Net) and a 2D discriminator was proposed to denoise Wave-CAIPI images with the standard FLAIR images as the target. HDnGAN was trained and validated on data from 25 MS patients by minimizing a combined content loss (i.e., mean squared error (MSE)) and adversarial loss with adjustable weight λ, and evaluated on data from 8 patients unseen during training. The quality of HDnGAN-denoised images was compared to those from other denoising methods including AONLM, BM4D, MU-Net, and 3D GAN in terms of their similarity to standard FLAIR images, quantified using MSE and VGG perceptual loss. The images from different methods were assessed by two neuroradiologists using a five-point score regarding sharpness, SNR, lesion conspicuity, and overall quality. Finally, the performance of these denoising methods was compared at higher noise levels using simulated data with added Rician noise. Results: HDnGAN effectively denoised noisy Wave-CAIPI images with sharpness and rich textural details, which could be adjusted by controlling λ. Quantitatively, HDnGAN (λ=10-3) achieved low MSE (7.43×10-4±0.94×10-4) and the lowest VGG perceptual loss (1.09×10-2±0.18×10-2). The reader study showed that HDnGAN (λ=10-3) significantly improved the SNR of Wave-CAIPI images (4.19±0.39 vs. 2.94±0.24, P-3) (3.31±0.46, P-3) (3.5±0.82, P=0.001) regarding lesion conspicuity. The overall quality score of HDnGAN (λ=10-3) (4.25±0.43) was significantly higher than those from Wave-CAIPI (3.69±0.46, P=0.003), BM4D (3.50±0.71, P=0.001), MU-Net (3.25±0.75, P-3) (3.50±0.50, P

Given the global water challenges, solar-driven steam generation has become a renewed topic recently as an energy-efficient way for clean water production. Here, a hybrid plasmonic structure consisting of a top layer of TiN nanoparticles (NPs) and a bottom layer of mesoporous anodized alumina membrane (AAM) was rationally designed and fabricated. The top TiN NPs with broadband light absorption acted as a plasmonic heating layer, which converted the absorbed light to heat efficiently for interfacial water heating. The AAM acted as the mechanical support layer, guaranteeing the heat isolation and continuous water replenishment. With optimized thickness of the TiN top layer, a solar steam generation efficiency of 87.7% was achieved in this study. This efficiency is comparable or even higher than prior studies. The current work proves the capability of the TiN NPs as an alternative photothermal material.

No studies have reported the isolation of serotype Salmonella Isangi from cases of salmonellosis in mainland China. We investigated an outbreak of foodborne disease with salmonella and collected the samples from the patients and surplus foods. Salmonella strains were isolated and the serotype was identified according to the Kauffmann-White scheme. The relatedness of the isolates was determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). Antimicrobial susceptibility was conducted by the broth microdilution method. There were 74 diners in the case, 33 of which got ill, with an attack rate of 44.6% (33/74). A total of 24 samples were collected from the outbreak cases, six Salmonella Isangi strains were isolated and susceptible to all tested drugs. PFGE and WGS analysis suggested that the pathogen dissemination through a single or limited vector(s), the steamed fish and mixed food (fry spicy chicken, braised pork ribs, and goose leg), may be the source of infection or be cross-contaminated. We first report the characteristics of an outbreak and molecular strain relatedness of Salmonella Isangi in mainland China.

With high speed and broad view, airborne radar has a great advantage in moving vehicle tracing, recognition and strike. The high speed also causes complexity in feature extraction of radar echo. In view of this situation, point scatterer models are presented to depicting micro-Doppler effect of vehicle targets, and micro-Doppler signatures are analyzed in time and frequency domain. Also, eigenvalue spectrum is extracted as a feature distinguishing between wheeled vehicles and tracked vehicles, and classification experiments are performed using support vector machine. Experimental results validate the models, and show that the feature extraction method is robust and the classifier is effective.

Purpose This study aims to accelerate MR temperature imaging using the proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift method for real time temperature monitoring during thermal ablation. Materials and methods The proposed method estimates temperature changes from undersampled k-space with a fully sampled center. This proposed algorithm is based on the hybrid multi-baseline and referenceless treatment image model and can be seen as an extension of the conventional k-space-based hybrid thermometry. The parameters of hybrid model are acquired by utilizing information from low resolution images which are obtained from fully-sampled centers of k-space. Registration is used to correct temperature errors due to the displacement of the subject. Phantom heating simulations, motion simulations, phantom heating and in-vivo experiments were performed to investigate the efficiency of the proposed method. SPIRiT and the conventional k-space estimation reconstruction thermometry were implemented for comparison using the same sampling pattern. Results The phantom heating simulations showed that the proposed method results in lower RMSEs than the conventional k-space hybrid thermometry and SPIRiT at various reduction factors tested. The motion simulations indicated the robustness of the proposed method to displacement of the subject. Phantom heating experiment further demonstrated the ability of the method to reconstruct temperature maps with less computation time and higher accuracy (RMSEs lower than 0.4 °C) at a net reduction factor of 3.5 in the presence of large noise caused by a microwave needle. In-vivo experiments validated the feasibility of the proposed method to estimate temperature changes from undersampled k-space (net reduction factor 4.3) in presence of respiratory motion and complicated anatomical structure, while reducing computation time as much as 10-fold compared with the conventional k-space method. Conclusion The proposed method accelerates the PRF-shift MR thermometry and provides more accurate temperature maps in presence of motion with relatively short computation time, which may make real time imaging for MR-guided microwave ablation possible.

The performance and diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pregnancy is fundamentally constrained by fetal motion. Motion of the fetus, which is unpredictable and rapid on the scale of conventional imaging times, limits the set of viable acquisition techniques to single-shot imaging with severe compromises in signal-to-noise ratio and diagnostic contrast, and frequently results in unacceptable image quality. Surprisingly little is known about the characteristics of fetal motion during MRI and here we propose and demonstrate methods that exploit a growing repository of MRI observations of the gravid abdomen that are acquired at low spatial resolution but relatively high temporal resolution and over long durations (10–30 minutes). We estimate fetal pose per frame in MRI volumes of the pregnant abdomen via deep learning algorithms that detect key fetal landmarks. Evaluation of the proposed method shows that our framework achieves quantitatively an average error of 4.47 mm and 96.4% accuracy (with error less than 10 mm). Fetal pose estimation in MRI time series yields novel means of quantifying fetal movements in health and disease, and enables the learning of kinematic models that may enhance prospective mitigation of fetal motion artifacts during MRI acquisition.

The diagenetic interplays of organic carbon (OC), sulfur (S), and iron (Fe) in marine sediments and their responses to changes in depositional and climatic conditions are poorly characterized. In this study, chemical speciation and isotopes were combined to characterize diagenesis of OC, S and Fe in sediments of the middle Okinawa Trough (OT), a back-arc deep basin along the edge of the East China Sea outer shelf, since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Two key geochemical proxies, i.e., OC/pyrite-S ratios and the degrees of pyritization, indicate anoxic bottom-water conditions during the last Glacial/Deglacial, which promoted burial of OC and pyrite. However, a shift to oxic conditions during the Deglacial-Holocene transition facilitated aerobic respiration, resulting in lower burial of OC and pyrite. In contrast to previous studies, the environmental changes induced by large sea-level rises since the LGM have not triggered significant variations in pyrite-S isotopic compositions, probably due to persistently low sedimentation rates. Variable extents of Fe enrichment are identified in the sediments since the LGM, with lower enrichment during the Holocene probably due to increased distance of Fe shuttling and concomitant Fe ageing. Anoxic bottom water during the Glacial/Deglacial did not induce an expected intensification of OC sulfurization, probably because sedimentary Fe enrichment favored pyrite formation but competitively dampened OC sulfurization. Lines of geochemical evidence hint at a discontinuous deposition at ~200 cm depth probably caused by mass wasting.

ORIGINAL RESEARCH Quantification of Liver Perfusion Using Multidelay Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling Xinlei Pan, BS, 1 Tianyi Qian, PhD, 2 Maria A. Fernandez-Seara, PhD, 3 Robert X. Smith, PhD, 4 Kuncheng Li, MD, PhD, 5 Kui Ying, PhD, 6 Kyunghyun Sung, PhD, 7 and Danny J.J. Wang, PhD, MSCE 4,7 * Purpose: To develop a free-breathing multidelay pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) technique for quanti- tative measurement of liver perfusion of the hepatic artery and portal vein, respectively. Materials and Methods: A navigator-gated pCASL sequence with balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) read- out was developed and applied on five healthy young volunteers at 3T. Two labeling schemes were performed with the labeling plane applied on the descending aorta above the liver, and perpendicular to the portal vein before its entry to liver to label the hepatic artery and portal vein, respectively. For each labeling scheme, pCASL scans were performed at five or six postlabeling delays between 200 and 2000 msec or 2500 msec with an interval of 400 or 500 msec. Multide- lay pCASL images were processed offline with nonrigid motion correction, outlier removal, and fitted for estimation of liver perfusion and transit time. Results: Estimated liver perfusion of the hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein were 21.8 6 1.9 and 95.1 6 8.9 mL/100g/ min, with the corresponding transit time of 1227.3 6 355.5 and 667.2 6 85.0 msec, respectively. The estimated liver per- fusion and transit time without motion correction were less reliable with greater residual variance compared to those processed with motion correction (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The liver perfusion measurement using multidelay pCASL showed good correspondence with values noted in the literature. The capability to noninvasively and selectively label the hepatic artery and portal vein is a unique strength of pCASL as compared to other liver perfusion imaging techniques, such as computed tomography perfusion and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2015;00:000–000. L iver diseases afflict more than 30 million people in the US, or 1 in 10 Americans. 1 The number of people diag- nosed with liver diseases such as hepatitis C, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and liver cancer are on the rise both in the US and worldwide. 2 Liver ultrasonography and magnetic res- onance imaging (MRI) are the two main imaging modalities for detecting, characterizing, and monitoring treatment responses of focal and diffuse liver diseases. 3–5 Ultrasonogra- phy remains the first-line imaging modality for examining liver morphology and blood flow; these are accentuated through the recent development of elastography. MRI offers multiparametric examinations of the morphology, perfusion, and diffusion of the liver. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and MR elastography (MRE) are two emerging tech- nologies capable of quantitative assessments of liver perfu- sion/permeability and viscoelasticity, respectively. Liver perfusion imaging is useful in detecting regional and global alterations in liver blood flow caused by a range View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25070 Received Jul 4, 2015, Accepted for publication Sep 24, 2015. *Address reprint requests to: D.J.J.W., Laboratory of Functional MRI Technology (LOFT), Department of Neurology, UCLA, 660 Charles E Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095. E-mail: jwang71@gmail.com From the 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; 2 Siemens Healthcare, MR Collaboration NE Asia, Beijing, China; Neuroimaging Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Spain; 4 Laboratory of Functional MRI Technology (LOFT), Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; 5 Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 6 Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; and 7 Department of Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. V

Marine sediments are the largest sink for organic carbon (OC) on Earth, and iron (Fe) oxides play an important role in stabilization of sedimentary OC. However, the roles of Fe oxides in OC stabilization during prolonged burial, for example, up to tens of thousands of years or more are still poorly constrained. In this study, we used traditional chemical extraction and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopic technique to characterize bulk OC and Fe-associated OC (Fe-OC) through depth in gravity cores collected from three sites near the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE), in the South Yellow Sea (SYS), and in the middle Okinawa Trough, which have contrasting depositional environments. Results show that depositional environments have exerted quite different influences on sources and burial of sedimentary OC, and thus on OC degradation during prolonged burial at the three sites. Reactive Fe (FeR) contents at the three sites are greatly influenced by sediment sources, the history of its transport, and its reworking intensity, with FeR contents near the highly dynamic YRE much higher than at the central SYS and the middle Okinawa Trough. The fractions of Fe-OC in total OC (fFe-OC) displayed no clear or consistent trends with depth or by site, probably due to the dual roles of Fe redox cycling in OC protection versus its oxidation. As indicated by the fFe-OC, reactive Fe plays a limited role in OC preservation in margin sea sediments of East China. A combination of NEXAFS spectra and isotopic compositions of bulk OC and Fe-OC indicates that main OC functionalities have not experienced differential alterations and/or no specific OC moieties have been selectively stabilized/released during prolonged burial in the three contrasting depositional environments.

Mn:ZnSe/ZnS/L-Cys core-shell quantum dots (QDs) sensitized La-doped nano-TiO2 thin film (QDSTF) was prepared. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nanosecond transient photovoltaic (TPV), and steady state surface photovoltaic (SPV) technologies were used for probing the photoelectron behaviors in the Mn-doped QDSTF. The results revealed that the Mn-doped QDSTF had a p-type TPV characteristic. The bottom of the conduction band of the QDs as a sensitizer was just 0.86 eV above that of the La-doped nano-TiO2 thin film, while the acceptor level of the doped Mn2+ ions was located at about 0.39 eV below and near the bottom of the conduction band of the QDs. The intensity of the SPV response of the Mn-doped QDSTF at a specific wavelength was ∼2.1 times higher than that of the undoped QDSTF. The region of the SPV response of the Mn-doped QDSTF was extended by 191 nm to almost the whole visible region as compared with the undoped QDSTF one. And the region of the TPV response of the Mn-doped QDSTF was also obviously wider than that of the undoped QDSTF. These PV characteristics of the Mn-doped QDSTF may be due to the prolonged lifetime and extended diffusion length of photogenerated free charge carriers injected into the sensitized La-doped nano-TiO2 thin film.

Backgrounds Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting CD19 has demonstrated 80-90% complete remission (CR) rate in R/R B-ALL; however, 10% to 20% of patients have no response and the potential etiology and risk factors remain unclear. Patients and Methods From Apr. 2017 to Mar. 2019, 254 patients with R/R B-ALL received treatment at our single center with a second-generation CD 19 CAR-T from 5 companies (NCT03173417; ChiCTR-ONC-17012829; NCT02546739; ChiCTR1800016541; and NCT03671460). The targeted median infused CAR-T cell dose was 3x105/kg. For all patients, screening was undertaken for 58 types of B-ALL related gene mutations and 49 congenital immune deficiency gene mutations using next generation sequencing (NGS) method. The patient and CAR-T product characteristics were analyzed to see if any factors affected the initial CR rate. Univariate analysis comparing CR rates between subgroups were carried out using chi-squared tests. Logistic regression model was adopted for multivariate analysis. Results On D30, 90.6% (230/254) patients achieved CR, and minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative CR was 89.4% (227/254). Univariate analysis (Table 1&2) showed a statistical difference in CR rate between females and males (84.54% vs. 94.27%, p=0.011). The CR rate of patients who received prior either CAR-T or blinatumomab treatment was lower than those who had not (50% vs. 91.53%, p=0.01). For the characteristic fusion genes, the CR rate in patients with MLL-AF4 was 80%, which was inferior to those with other or no fusion genes (P=0.041). For gene mutations, a lower CR rate was observed in patients with TP53 mutation compared to those with other or no mutations (72.73% vs. 92.11% vs. 94.39%, P=0.004). Presence of congenital immune deficiency gene mutations did not affect CR rate. Patients with >20% bone marrow (BM) blasts had a worse outcome than those with BM blasts≤20% (79.17% vs. 97.47%, p14 yr, patients with or without extramedullary disease (EMD), or patients receiving different chemotherapies between enrollment and CAR-T cells infusion on top of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC) conditioning regimen. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity had no effect on CR rate.There was a trend towards a lower CR rate in patients who received donor-derived CAR-T versus patient-derived CAR-T products (61.54% vs. 92.12%, p = 0.081). A lower CR rate was observed in patients who received CD28 costimulatory domain versus 4-1BB CAR-T products (77.27% vs. 91.70%, p=0.053). There was no difference in CR rate between patients infused with cell dose ≥3x105/kg vs. cell dose 2x104/kg. No CR difference was observed from different manufacturing companies. Moreover, 125/254 cases had available data for analysis on subsets of CAR-T cells including central memory T cells (Tcm), naive T cells and T memory stem cells (Tscm). Each group was divided into high- or low-level groups based on the median level. The CR rate was 92.19% vs. 88.52% in high and low Tcm groups, 92.31% vs. 88.33% in high or low naive group, and 89.80% vs.90.24% in high and low Tscm groups, respectively. No difference in CR between the groups were observed. Multivariate analysis was performed to investigate factors affecting achievement of CR (Table 3). Female group had lower odds of achieving CR after CAR-T therapy compared to male group [OR=0.232(95%CI 0.082-0.652)]. Compared to patients without TP53 mutation or only with other gene mutations, patients with TP53 mutation were more likely to have a low CR rate after CAR-T treatment [OR=4.511(95%CI 1.295-16.895)]. Patients with BM blast >20% had lower odds of achieving CR compared to those with BM blast ≤20% [OR=0.095 (95%CI 0.022-0.260)]. Treatment with CAR-T with CD28 as a costimulatory domain resulted lower odds of CR compared to treatment with CAR-T with 4-1BB [OR=7.141 (95%CI 1.722-29.612)]. Patients who developed severe neurotoxicity (grade 2-4) post CAR-T had higher odds of achieving CR compared to patients with grade 0-1 neurotoxicity [OR=34.796(95%CI 3.232-374.659)]. Conclusions In this analysis, we have observed that significant risk factors for not achieving CR after CD-19 CAR-T therapy include female gender, BM blasts more than 20%, a positive TP53 mutation, treatment with CD28 co-stimulatory domain vs 4-1BB CAR-T product, and mild as opposed to severe CAR-T related neurotoxicity. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.