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261 results on '"Kuittinen M"'

1. Subwavelength focusing of all-dielectric surface waves

Author

Kim, M. -S., Lahijani, B. Vosoughi, Descharmes, N., Straubel, J., Negredo, F., Rockstuhl, C., Häyrinen, M., Kuittinen, M., Roussey, M., and Herzig, H. P.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

Micro-sized spheres can focus light into subwavelength spatial domains: a phenomena called photonic nanojet. Even though well studied in three-dimensional (3D) configurations, only a few attempts have been reported to observe similar phenomena in two-dimensional (2D) systems. This, however, is important to take advantage of photonic nanojets in integrated optical systems. Usually, surface plasmon polaritons are suggested for this purpose, but they suffer notoriously from the rather low propagation lengths due to intrinsic absorption. Here, we solve this problem and explore, theoretically, numerically, and experimentally, the use of Bloch surface waves sustained by a suitably structured all-dielectric media to enable subwavelength focusing in an integrated planar optical system. Since only a low index contrast can be achieved while relying on Bloch surface waves, we perceive a new functional element that allows a tight focusing and the observation of a photonic nanojet on top of the surface. We experimentally demonstrate a spot size of 0.66{\lambda} in the effective medium. Our approach paves the way to 2D all-dielectric photonic chips for nano-particle manipulation in fluidic devices and sensing applications.

Published
2017

2. Towards indicative baseline and decarbonization pathways for embodied life cycle GHG emissions of buildings across Europe

Author

Röck, M, primary, Allacker, K, additional, Auinger, M, additional, Balouktsi, M, additional, Birgisdottir, H, additional, Fields, M, additional, Frischknecht, R, additional, Habert, G, additional, Hvid Horup Sørensen, L, additional, Kuittinen, M, additional, Le Den, X, additional, Lynge, K, additional, Muller, A, additional, Nibel, S, additional, Passer, A, additional, Piton, F, additional, Rasmussen, F N, additional, Ruschi Mendes Saade, M, additional, Alaux, N, additional, Satola, D, additional, Sørensen, A, additional, Spitsbaard, M, additional, Tikka, S, additional, Tozan, B, additional, Truger, B, additional, Van Leeuwen, M, additional, Vesson, M, additional, Viitala, A, additional, Zonnevijlle, R, additional, and Lützkendorf, T, additional

Published
2022
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3. Towards indicative baseline and decarbonization pathways for embodied life cycle GHG emissions of buildings across Europe

Author

Röck, M., Allacker, K., Auinger, M., Balouktsi, M., Birgisdottir, H., Fields, M., Frischknecht, R., Habert, G., Sørensen, L. Hvid Horup, Kuittinen, M., Le Den, X., Lynge, K., Muller, A., Nibel, S., Passer, A., Piton, F., Rasmussen, F. N., Saade, M. Ruschi Mendes, Alaux, N., Satola, D., Sørensen, A., Spitsbaard, M., Tikka, S., Tozan, B., Truger, B., van Leeuwen, M., Vesson, M., Viitala, A., Zonnevijlle, R., and Lützkendorf, T.

Subjects
Benchmarks, Data analysis, Decarbonization, SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities, GHG emissions, Roadmap, Embodied carbon, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Buildings, Reduction pathway, SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production, Construction
Abstract

Buildings' construction and operation are major contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and the substantial reduction of GHG emissions across their full life cycle is required to enable meeting international climate targets. For effective climate change mitigation - as recent studies have shown - a special focus has to be put on lowering embodied GHG emissions, i.e., emissions related to construction production manufacturing and construction processes, maintenance and replacement as well as end-of-life processing. As the importance of reducing embodied GHG emissions rises, so does the need for understanding both the baseline and pathways for reduction across the full life cycle of buildings. In this paper, we offer insights into the data-driven analysis of embodied GHG emissions across the whole life cycle of buildings from recent studies. Our investigation builds on the data collection, processing and harmonisation of around 1.000 building LCA case studies. We offer an integrated perspective on GHG emissions across the life cycle of buildings, considering historical trends, current baselines and indicative reduction pathways for embodied GHG emissions in different countries across Europe. This serves to inform our current 'decade of action' and the transformation to a regenerative built environment by 2050.

Published
2022

6. Atomic layer deposited titanium dioxide and its application in resonant waveguide grating

Author

Alasaarela, T., Saastamoinen, T., Hiltunen, J., Saynatjoki, A., Tervonen, A., Stenberg, P., Kuittinen, M., and Honkanen, S.

Subjects
Titanium dioxide -- Optical properties, Titanium dioxide -- Atomic properties, Optical waveguides -- Materials, Resonance -- Research, Diffraction gratings -- Properties, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate good optical quality Ti[O.sub.2] thin films grown by atomic layer deposition at 120 [degrees]C. The optical properties were studied using spectroscopic ellipsometry and prism coupling methods. The refractive index was 2.27, and the slab waveguide propagation loss was less than 1 dB/cm at 1.53 um. A high quality resonant waveguide grating was fabricated using a thin Ti[O.sub.2] layer on top of a Si[O.sub.2] grating. OCIS codes: 130.3130, 310.2785, 050.1950.

Published
2010

11. High-Aspect-Ratio LiNbO3 ridge waveguide with vertical buffer layer and enhanced electro-optical efficiency

Author

Caspar, Alexis, Roussey, Matthieu, Hayrinen, Markus, Laukkanen, L, Pérignon, A, Behague, Florent, Calero Vila, Venancio, Ulliac, Gwenn, Artajona, Maria, Kuittinen, M, Courjal, Nadège, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Eastern Finland

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract

International audience; As high aspect ratio ridges are not easy to process with standard lithographic techniques we propose alternative solutions based on atomic layer deposition and precise dicing to allow both uniform coating of the relief surface and a selective lift-off at the top of the ridges. The techniques are successfully employed to demonstrate an electro-optical (EO) low-loss tapered ridge waveguidewith90% ofEOoverlap coefficient, and a Fabry–Perot-based 150 μmlong intensity modulator with a figure of merit 8 times better than a standard Ti-indiffused EO modulator. Furthermore, enhancement is even expected by optimizing the manufacturing of the Fabry–Perot cavity inside the ridge. These developments open the way to active three-dimensional microstructures, not only for optical applications but also for MEMS, acoustic or microfluidic devices.

Published
2018

12. A chiral microchip laser using anisotropic grating mirrors for single mode emission

Author

Li Fangfang, Lapointe Shawn, Courval Théo, Fetisova Marina, Kämpfe Thomas, Verrier Isabelle, Jourlin Yves, Karvinen Petri, Kuittinen Markku, and Bisson Jean-François

Subjects
nanostructured mirrors, pt-symmetric lasers, resonant gratings, single mode lasers, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

A pair of nanostructured mirrors made of a diffraction grating inscribed in the top layer of a Bragg mirror are designed such that a phase shift near π and different reflected amplitudes exist between transverse electric (TE) and magnetic (TM) reflected polarization states at normal incidence. When a standing wave laser resonator is formed with two such mirrors and the two mirrors’ principal axes are twisted one with respect to the other, this phase shift condition suppresses multiple longitudinal mode emission arising from axial spatial hole burning. In addition, the different amplitudes of TE and TM reflected polarizations create polarization eigenstates with different round-trip losses, suppressing one polarization eigenstate. Laser experiments made with a Yb3+-doped Y3Al5O12 active material reveal enhanced purity of the emission spectrum compared to similar lasers using conventional laser mirrors. The proposed design enables a miniature single mode laser, replacing more complex designs usually needed to achieve that goal.

Published
2023
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15. Ridge électro-optique LiNbO3 réalisé par scie circulaire de précision

Author

Caspar, Alexis, Ulliac, Gwenn, Suarez, Miguel Angel, Häyrinen, M, Roussey, Matthieu, Calero Vila, Venancio, Qiu, Wentao, Kuittinen, M, Bernal-Artajona, Maria-Pilar, Courjal, Nadège, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institute of Photonics (Institute of Photonics)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract

National audience; Nous proposons une technique innovante pour déposer des électrodes sur le flanc de guides ridges électro-optiques LiNbO3 à très haut facteur de forme.

Published
2016

18. Guide d’onde electro-optique à haut facteur de forme sur LiNbO3 réalisée par scie circulaire de précision et atomic layer deposition

Author

Caspar, Alexis, Qiu, Wentao, Calero Vila, Venancio, Ndao, Abdoulaye, Ulliac, Gwenn, Suarez, Miguel Angel, Bernal-Artajona, Maria-Pilar, Courjal, Nadège, Roussey, Matthieu, Häyrinen, M, Laukkanen, L, Honkanen, S, Kuittinen, M, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Eastern Finland

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract

National audience; &nbsp

Published
2015

19. High aspect ratio electro-optic LiNbO3 ridge waveguides made by precise dicing and atomic layer deposition

Author

Caspar, Alexis, Qiu, Wentao, Calero Vila, Venancio, Ndao, Abdoulaye, Ulliac, Gwenn, Suarez, Miguel Angel, Artajona, Maria, Courjal, Nadège, Roussey, Matthieu, Häyrinen, M, Laukkanen, L, Honkanen, S, Kuittinen, M, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Eastern Finland

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract

International audience; As high aspect ratio ridges are not easy to process with standard lithographic techniques we propose alternative solutions based on atomic layer deposition and precise dicing to allow both uniform coating of the relief surface and a selective lift-off at the top of the ridges. The techniques are successfully employed to demonstrate an electro-optical low-loss tapered ridge waveguide with 90 % of electro-optical overlap coefficient, and a Fabry-Perot-based 150 µm long intensity modulator with a figure of merit 8 times better than a standard Ti-indiffused electro-optical (EO) modulator. Further enhancement is even expected by optimizing the manufacturing of the Fabry-Perot cavity inside the ridge. These developments open the way to active 3D microstructures, not only for optical applications but also for MEMS, acoustic or microfluidic devices.

Published
2015

20. High-power thin-disk lasers emitting beams with axially-symmetric polarizations

Author

Abdou Ahmed Marwan, Beirow Frieder, Loescher André, Dietrich Tom, Bashir Danish, Didychenko Denys, Savchenko Anton, Pruss Christof, Fetisova Marina, Li Fangfang, Karvinen Petri, Kuittinen Markku, and Graf Thomas

Subjects
azimuthal polarization, grating waveguide structures, nanograting-based polarization converters, radial polarization, thin-disk lasers, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We present the intracavity generation of beams with radial polarization at an average output power of 750 W and an optical efficiency of 43% from a continuous wave thin-disk laser. Circular grating waveguide output couplers (GWOC) were used to select the radial polarization. The sensitivity of the polarizing function of the GWOC with regards to the fabrication tolerances is also analysed in details with a particular emphasis on the effect of the duty cycle and the geometrical profile of the gratings. Furthermore, we present the conversion of femtosecond laser pulses from linear to azimuthal polarization using a nanograting-based polarization converter. Azimuthally polarized beams with an average power of up to 850 W, a pulse duration of 400 fs and a pulse repetition rate of 1 MHz were generated in this way with a conversion efficiency of >90%.

Published
2021
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23. Holistic fabrication of stitchingless subwavelength cylindrical gratings by phase-mask coordinate transform

Author

Jourlin, Yves, Parriaux, O., Tonchev, S., Kuittinen, M., Laukkanen, J., Lyndin, N., Celle, F., Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Eastern Finland, A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute (GPI), and Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract

International audience; A periodic grating with integer number of periods is fabricated at the resist-coated wall of a cylinder by exposing a circularly symmetrical planar high-index phase-mask to a cylindrical wave. This allows a transposition of the spatial coherence features easily achieved in a planar 2D space to the 3D space of cylindrical waves and elements.

Published
2011

29. Arrayed Waveguide Grating Spectrometer on 2-µm-thick SOI Platform

Author

Tippinit Janvit, Kuittinen Markku, and Roussey Matthieu

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

32-channel arrayed waveguide grating spectrometer (AWG) at 1800 nm is demonstrated on a 2-µm-thick silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The design and simulation of the device are performed using the beam propagation method (BPM) and we obtain the 3-dB channel width, channel spacing, and extinction ratio of 1.16 nm, 1.56 nm, and 5.17 dB, respectively. The AWG demultiplexer can be applied in the central part of a spectrometer which is replacing in integrated optics a prism or a grating in conventional free-space optics.

Published
2023
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30. Learning by Experience - Networks in Learning Organizations

Author

Kuittinen, M., Sutinen, E., Heikki Topi, Turpeinen, M., Knop, Jan, and Schirmbacher, Peter

Subjects
organizational learning, virtual university, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, communication networks, learning organizations, 01 Wissenschaft und Kultur allgemein
Abstract

As part of the Virtual University of Finland, the Connet framework offers undergraduate courses in Cognitive Science. The studies are mainly organized as web-based courses or collaborative student projects. In the basic studies component, a student completes four one credit methodology courses and chooses a related assignment worth three credits for one of them. One of the methodology courses is entitled Networks in Learning Organization. It will be delivered entirely on the web, and it also will serve as a pilot course to help design other methodology courses. This paper will first briefly discuss the theoretical foundations of learning organizations and organizational learning. Then, we will review the role of networks as the technological foundation of a learning organization and continue by discussing the use of educational technology to support organizational learning and learn about it. Finally, we will describe the structure and the methods of the course and present topics that form the starting point for the discourse within the course.

Published
2001

31. Fabrication of sub-micron high aspect ratio diamond structures with nanoimprint lithography

Author

Karlsson, Mikael, Vartiainen, I, Kuittinen, M, Nikolajeff, Fredrik, Karlsson, Mikael, Vartiainen, I, Kuittinen, M, and Nikolajeff, Fredrik

Abstract

Polycrystalline diamond with optical quality has been patterned using nanoimprint lithography. Nanoimprint lithography is a rather new method for fabrication of resist structures with features sizes down to at least 20 nm. The pattern used in this article is a grating with a period of 600 nm and a fill factor of 0.5. Using plasma etching the nanoimprinted grating is etched into a freestanding diamond substrate. We have accomplished the fabrication of 300 nm diamond features with a depth of about 2 mu m, which corresponds to an aspect ratio of 7.

Published
2010
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