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The article presents a study on the relationship between water availability and the existing cropping pattern and fallow land area in Bundelkhand, India during 2013-2021 period. Topics include availability of surface water for irrigation of rabi season crops such as wheat, mustard, and peas, patterns and trends in the agriculture, water body, and fallow classes extracted from the Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULC), and effect of increased water availability during winter season.

A series of Sr1−xZr4(PO4)6:xPr (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.09) nanophosphors were prepared by simple sol–gel technique. The crystal structure, vibrational properties, surface morphology, elemental composition, and particle size were investigated using X-ray diffraction-Rietveld refinements, FTIR, SEM-EDAX, and TEM techniques. The effect of dopant concentration of Pr3+ ions in SrZr4(PO4)6 nanophosphors was analysed, and their photoluminescence properties were investigated along with lifetime measurements. Under 448 nm excitation, due to 3P0–3F2 transition of Pr3+ ions, it shows intense reddish emission at 650 nm. Energy-level diagram explains energy transfer mechanisms and concentration quenching mechanisms in detail. The appropriate incorporation of dopant ions (x = 0.03 mol%) showed potential candidates for efficient plant growth n-UV LED. Further, thermoluminescence properties of UV light, Ag and Ni ions irradiated Pr3+ ions doped SrZr4(PO4)6 phosphors were analysed, and glow curves were recorded. The TL studies reveal that SrZr4(PO4)6:Pr3+ phosphors may be a potential candidate as dosimetry materials for low radiation measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was undertaken during rabi season of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 at experimental field of Division of Environmental Science, ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi inside Open Top Chambers (OTCs) to study the growth and physiological response of aestivum (HD 3226) and durum wheat (HI 8627) varieties to elevated temperature and CO2 concentration. Results showed that days to maturity hastened under elevated temperature condition. Photosynthesis rate, leaf area index and tiller number of wheat varieties reduced in elevated temperature treatment while elevated CO2 concentration of 550 ppm was able to partially compensate the reduction. In aestivum variety of wheat, transpiration rate significantly reduced in elevated CO2 plus high temperature interaction treatment than ambient while transpiration rate of durum variety remained unaffected. The negative effect of elevated temperature on aboveground biomass was more in aestivum variety than durum variety. Elevated CO2 concentration compensated reduction in aboveground biomass by 5.9% in HD 3226 (aestivum) and by 3.6% in HI 8627 (durum) varieties under elevated temperature condition. Hence elevated CO2 concentration will be able to partially compensate reduced crop growth in both aestivum and durum wheat varieties under high temperature condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]