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Background: Prognostic factors for acute myocardial infarction include diabetes mellitus and renal im- pairment (AMI). Few studies, meanwhile, have examined the impact of renal insufficiency in the setting of diabetes and AMI. Here, we looked into the clinical outcomes for individuals with AMI who also had renal impairment and diabetes mellitus. Method: 400 AMI patients (62 ± 12 years; 71% men) were included in this study from March 2022 to February 2023 and divided into 4 groups as follows: Group I (n = 100) did not have either diabetes or renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] 50 ml/min/1.72m2), Group II (n = 100) did not have either condition, Group III (n = 100) did not have either condition but did have renal insufficiency, and Group IV (n = 100) did. Major adverse cardiac events included myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, and coronary artery bypass graft. Results: 180 (18.1%) patients experienced the primary objectives. In terms of composite MACE, there were differences between the 4 groups that were statistically significant (Group I: 12.4%; Group II: 15.6%; Group III: 30.4%; Group IV: 36.6%; p

In the realm of automotive engineering, the integration of clutch and braking systems has emerged as a paramount area of innovation, promising enhanced efficiency, safety, and performance. This paper proposes a novel pedal system that seamlessly integrates both functions, revolutionizing the driving experience. Through a comprehensive design approach, incorporating advanced materials, ergonomic considerations, and cutting-edge technology, this system aims to streamline vehicle control while optimizing space and weight distribution. By amalgamating the operations of clutch engagement and brake modulation into a singular interface, drivers can expect heightened responsiveness and fluidity in maneuvering, thereby elevating driving dynamics to unprecedented levels[1]. This abstract outlines the conceptual framework, design methodology, and anticipated benefits of the integrated pedal system, heralding a new era in automotive engineering[2].

As intricate global trade demands new solutions, traditional supply chains struggle with opacity, traceability, and security concerns. In response to the present apprehensions, Blockchain technology (BT) offers an appealing solution through its decentralised and transparent ledger. This paper critically examines the transformative impact of BT on supply chain efficiency, exploring its potential to revolutionise traditional, often opaque, and error-prone systems. This study utilises a systematic literature review of 75 selected papers to provide insights into how blockchain technology is integrated into supply chain management, showcasing its potential. The paper aims to provide a balanced and nuanced perspective on the impact of blockchain technology on supply chain efficiency. It highlights the transformative potential of this technology while emphasising the need for careful consideration of its challenges and limitations before wide-scale adoption.

In comparison to organic corrosion inhibitors, green corrosion inhibitors are in great need for mitigating corrosion of metals and alloys ascribed to their benign toxicity in addition to absence of heavy metals and toxic substances. Contemporary research conducted in this field is more focused on implementing an efficient approach towards corrosion mitigation. The present work highlights the evaluation of anti-corrosive potential of expired Vitamin B and Vitamin C over mild steel in 0.5M H2SO4. Gravimetric and electrochemical studies have been utilized as affirmatory tool for corrosion retarding ability of the synthesized derivative. Concentration increase brought a profound rise in corrosion inhibition efficiency whereas variation in temperature from 308 K-328 K retarded the protection ability of respective inhibitors whereas electrochemical studies presented depressed semi-circles in Nyquist plots and potentiodynamic values demarcated both inhibitors as mixed type. Furthermore, a comparison among the two tested vitamins has been drawn. Contact angle measurements have been involved here to confirm the inhibitors adsorption over mild steel surface. The present experimental work will provide future insights for researchers working in field of corrosion.

Flaxseed or linseed is an oilseed obtained from a plant, known as the flax (Linum usitatissimum). It is a valuable source of various bioactive components such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, lignans, dietary fibres and phytochemicals. The in-vivo, in-vitro studies and research on human subjects and in animal models, conducted throughout the globe, on health benefits associated with the consumption of various forms of flaxseed are discussed in this review. It provides an insight into recent developments and potential applications of flaxseeds in the form of whole seeds, meals, flour or oil in an array of food and feed products and non-food industrial applications. The details about novel health benefits associated with flaxseeds and information related to commercially available flaxseed-based i.e. enriched products are also the salient feature of the review. Here, we have provided the state of the art of most recent comprehensive information post the first detailed review on flaxseed as a modern food released in 2014.

Shruti Singh,1 Nirav Nimavat,2 Amarjeet Kumar Singh,3 Shamshad Ahmad,4 Nishi Sinha2 1Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India; 2Department of Community Medicine, SBKS MIRC, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India; 3Department of Anaesthesia, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India; 4Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, IndiaCorrespondence: Nirav NimavatDepartment of Community Medicine, SBKS MIRC, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Vadodara, Gujarat, IndiaEmail nkniraj1529@gmail.comBackground: The world is facing the most challenging pandemic in the 21st century. The developed and developing countries are facing the burden equally and no proven treatment options available. Recent studies suggest the plausibility of vitamin D therapy and prophylaxis for COVID-19, in the setting where the deficiency is more prevalent. Though evaluation of vitamin D status is not a routine in India, the present study focuses on the level of Vitamin d among COVID-19 patients.Methods: The study was a hospital-based cross-sectional to find the status of vitamin D among COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital, Patna, Bihar, India. The demographic, comorbidity data were taken, and the level of vitamin D was measured by a chemiluminescence-based immunoassay analyzer. The analysis compared the level of deficiency and insufficiency among different groups of COVID-19 patients. The role of DM and HTN as risk factors for mortality was compared.Results: Among the total study participants (156), 42.31% were obese and 17.31% were severe as per clinical severity. The total prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 58.97% and insufficiency was 89.1%. The prevalence was found high among male (61.02%), overweight (65.52%), and severe (62.96%) patients. The severity increases with advanced age (p< 0.05) and important risk factors for mortality are DM, HTN, and advanced age.Conclusion: The level of vitamin D can be assessed for the prognosis of COIVD-19 patients and help to modify the treatment protocol. Appropriate therapeutic/preventive intervention of vitamin D can alter the course and severity of COVID-19.Keywords: Vitamin D, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, low level of Vitamin D

Research is about an individual's intellectual acumen and rationality, and inter-researcher collaboration capability magnifies the outcomes. Despite common belief, there exist fundamental asymmetries in the goals, orientations and expectations among the research collaborators. Seldom studied in-depth and empirically validated, the challenges and barriers faced by early-career researchers (ECRs) in social sciences are crucial to understand. In this study, we aim to identify, categorize and rank the order of priority of the research collaboration barriers and their sub-barriers. This analysis highlights which barrier is likely to impact the research collaboration outcome more as compared to other barriers, as seen through the pairwise comparison. We contribute to the literature on research collaborations by providing a much-needed assessment of the barriers faced by ECRs in social sciences to develop a nuanced understanding of the dynamics within collaboration research. Key barriers identified and explored in this research relate to research design, interpersonal and interprofessional relationships, team-level dynamics, spatial and temporal factors, cultural differences and institutional variables. The fuzzy AHP tool was used to prioritize and rank the barriers, check the consistency ratio and then perform the sensitivity analysis. Research design barriers emerged as the most challenging barrier to research collaborations, implying researchers place huge emphasis on the compatibility of research goals, objectives, paradigms and perspectives. The study provides insights for individuals/institutions leading and managing research collaborations into improving the collaborative dynamics in social sciences.

ElGamal cryptosystem has emerged as one of the most important construction in Public Key Cryptography (PKC) since Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol was proposed. However, public key schemes which are based on number theoretic problems such as discrete logarithm problem (DLP) are at risk because of the evolution of quantum computers. As a result, other non-number theoretic alternatives are a dire need of entire cryptographic community.

Montane systems, formed by a series of climatic oscillations and temporal topographic metamorphoses, have broken up the contiguous distribution of widespread species and accelerated allopatric speciation. We used a partial fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene to address speciation across the entire range of the Siberian ibex Capra sibirica. We demonstrated that the Siberian ibex is a polytypic species, plausibly formed by a combination of at least 2 species and/or 3 to 4 sub-species. Bayesian phylogeny showed that the Indian-Tajikistan (I-T) clade is adequately diverged from the other clades based on the mean intra-specific distance criterion, and warrants recognition as a distinct species. We provide pragmatic evidence for the endorsement of the I-T clade as a distinct species of Siberian ibex and urge prioritization of the conservation of this species at global and regional scales.

This paper consists of a mathematical analysis of MHD free convective flow of viscoelastic fluid through a porous regime in an inclined channel. The flow system is permeated by a uniform moving magnetic field with strong magnetic intensity to produce Hall and ion-slip effects. The flow governing equations are obtained from the suitable field and constitutive equations and solved analytically. To accentuate the consequences of various flow controlling parameters to the nature of the flow, numerical results are discussed in assistance with graphs and tables. An important fact noted from the study that Hall current generates the flow in the direction perpendicular to the main flow while ion-slip current reduces the flow in the direction perpendicular to the main flow. It is also seen that the moving magnetic field produces less rigidity in the flow in comparison to the stationary magnetic field.

Magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) process is an advanced super-finishing process that is capable of achieving surface-finish in micro to nano range. In this study a hybrid module, Taguchi based grey relational analysis (GRA) coupled with simulated annealing (SA) approach is developed for multiobjective optimization of micro-finished aluminium 6060 via MAF process. The performance responses 'change in roughness', 'raise in temperature' and 'change in hardness' are considered to minimize their impact on micro-finished aluminium 6060. These responses are used to calculate the grey relational coefficient for individual response and are then converted into a single response variable i.e. grey relational grade (GRG) value. The meta-heuristic based simulated annealing algorithm is used to predict the most desired process parameter setting i.e. working gap (2 mm), abrasive weight (15 g), voltage (6 V) and rotational speed (50 rpm). This setting has been selected based on the highest GRG value predicted by hybrid Taguchi based SA-GRA approach.

The study deals with a three-storey log house located in the suburbs of Ljubljana, Slovenia (temperate climate). Firstly, the calibrated thermal model of the log house was defined. The calibrated model had an hourly NMBE between −2.12 % and 1.84 % and a CV(RMSE) between 3.16 % and 3.57 %. Then, the adaptive thermal comfort during the warmer part of the year was assessed according to EN 16798-1 and future climate (SRES A2 scenario). Additionally, various building-related and organisational measures for overheating prevention were evaluated. It was found that the most effective measures to prevent overheating are the organisational measures of shading activation and night ventilation. It was demonstrated that the efficiency of night ventilation would even improve over time. Thus, at the end of the 21st century, discomfort hours could be reduced by 67 % compared to the baseline. In contrast, building-related measures have a significant effect only when combined with organisational measures. Overall, in 2071–2100 adaptive thermal comfort was improved most when the measure of increased thermal insulation was coupled with shading and night ventilation, resulting in 1053 discomfort hours less than the baseline case.

Machinery subject to internal and/or external mechanical excitations typically require careful control or avoidance of undesirable vibration behavior to meet operational constraints. To address this difficulty, the design, fabrication and testing of multi-polymer axially graded (segmented) structures fabricated through 3D printing was performed. Experiments were conducted on axially graded beams composed of four different polymers in a linear spatial arrangement. The ability to combine multiple materials through additive manufacturing affords the ability to create graded structures that can meet specific performance metrics: higher damping at the desired vibration modes and greater modal separation has been successfully demonstrated. The significance of this work is vested in the fact that the proposed technique can enable the development of tuned structures which can deliver desired spectral characteristics. Furthermore, strength, stability (e.g. buckling) as well as vibrational targets in the design of machinery can be met simultaneously using axial grading of materials.

The railways operate in various varying environmental conditions. The working environments affects the tribology of the rail and wheel contact. Therefore, the tribological properties of rail and wheel contact become important to study in these conditions. Commonly, rail and wheel contact functions under mist and wet conditions. The present study is conducted to analyse the behaviour of friction force and wear under dry, water with MQL and wet condition. The MQL is used to generate the mist condition. The study is performed on pin-on-disk tribometer in which pin is made of rail track material and disk is made of wheel material. From the experiments it was found that the friction force and wear both decreases significantly for mist condition as compared to dry condition and is least for wet condition. It was also noted that if load is increased the friction force and wear depth are also increases under all three conditions.

Aim of this study to investigate the thermal and morphological behaviour of different types of biomass feedstock. For investigation of thermal behaviour we used thermo-gravimetric (TG) analysis and derivative thermo-gravimetric (DTG) analysis. The biomass feedstocks were conceded out under vigorous conditions using nitrogen gas at specific heating rates to gradient the temperature from 25°C to 1000°C. The derivative thermo-gravimetric (DTG) results show that thermal decomposition on these feedstocks. First-order reaction model were used to determine the kinetics parameters for the pyrolysis of biomass wastes. This study used Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) to observe surface morphology properties of the different biomass wastes. The FE-SEM images showed that clearly retained the fibrous structures in the biomass wastes and were rich in macro-pores.

The health and well-being of older parents, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) like India, depend on adult children. As such, using the 2017-18 wave 1 of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), we examined (1) the association between adult children's education and older parents' cognitive health in India; (2) the extent to which this association is mediated by (a) parents' empowered status and (b) their active engagement; and (3) whether the associations between (1) and (2) vary for older men and women. Findings reveal that adult children's education was, indeed, positively associated with older parents' cognitive health, and this association was significantly stronger for older mothers. The educational attainment of adult daughters was found to have a relatively stronger association with the cognitive functioning of older parents, particularly their older mothers, compared to their male counterparts. We also found that parents of well-educated children were more empowered and mentally and physically engaged, both factors linked to better cognitive functioning. These findings highlight that educating even one child beyond the 'compulsory' secondary education proves consequential not just for the child but for parents in later life. Given the considerable generational disparities in educational attainment and the proportion of joint families in the country, older Indians may be particularly well-situated to reap the cognitive health dividends of educating the next generation.

Job satisfaction significantly impacts teachers' overall well-being and mental health. Research reveals a strong connection between employment status and mental health, with teaching being a particularly stressful profession. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these challenges, with the shift to online education and limited support causing heightened stress, anxiety, and depression. This study analyses scientific literature exploring the link between job satisfaction and mental health (depression, stress, and anxiety) in teachers. By examining relevant articles in major databases like Web of Science, PSYNDEX, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar, the research identifies numerous sociodemographic and institutional factors contributing to teachers' mental health struggles, including workload, teaching experience, job satisfaction, gender, and the nature of online education. The findings highlight the urgent need for educational policymakers to develop policies prioritizing teacher well-being, especially during times of crisis. This involves addressing factors affecting job satisfaction and implementing strategies to promote mental health support for educators.

The objective of this study was to analyze the gap in expected benefits and actual benefits of virtual classrooms used at the time of nationwide lockdown for the teaching-learning process for faculty members and students in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 893 responses have been used for this study. The overall mean of expected benefits, from 305 faculty members and 588 students of higher education institutes/colleges/universities, is higher than the overall mean of actual benefits and that difference value is 0.250055, with a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.036 which is less than 0.05 for faculty members and 0.3872827, with a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05 for students. We found that the network connectivity was the major challenge faced by the faculty members with a mean value of 3.68 followed by a 3.17 mean value for lack of professional environment at home, 3.03 for lack of teaching material at home, 2.92 for lack of personal computer/laptop. From students' responses, we found the lack of a professional environment at home with a mean value of 3.59 was the major challenge faced by the students followed by 3.57 for lack of teaching material at home (for lack of printed teaching- learning material at home), and 3.35 for network connectivity, 3.31 for lack of personal computer/laptop. The moderation effects of challenges between expected benefits and actual benefits is found significant for faculty and students both. The moderation effects of challenges between expected benefits and actual benefits is found significant for faculty ([beta]_ Expected Benefit_Challenges = -0.110, p < 0.05) and students ([beta]_ Expected Benefit_Challenges = -0.0.094, p < 0.05) both. The faculty members and students both were able to perceive higher actual benefits due to the low challenges of virtual classrooms. Further, the faculty members and students both were able to perceive lower actual benefits when challenges are more. The policymakers of higher education must work to resolve the issues and challenges of virtual classrooms to improve the effectiveness of the virtual classroom. The post-COVID higher education may require a continued focus on flexibility, adaptability, technology integration, student engagement, equity, and well-being. By prioritizing these areas, institutions can create a resilient and inclusive learning environment for their students and faculty in the post-pandemic era. the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of organizational learning in responding to crises. Organizational scholars can contribute by advancing knowledge on effective learning patterns, documenting best practices, and incorporating these lessons into teaching and practice. By doing so, we can help organizations be better prepared for future crises, including pandemics, and ensure that the lessons learned are not forgotten. post-COVID higher education may require a continued focus on flexibility, adaptability, technology integration, student engagement, equity, and well-being. By prioritizing these areas, institutions can create a resilient and inclusive learning environment for their students and faculty in the post- pandemic era. It's important to note that effective online instruction often involves a combination of different learning theories, depending on the nature of the content, the goals of the instruction, and the characteristics of the learners. Online instructors should consider how these theories can inform their instructional design and delivery to create meaningful and effective online learning experiences. learning theories have a significant impact on the performance of higher education institutes in the context of online education. By aligning instructional strategies, course design, assessments, feedback, and learner support with learning theories, higher education institutes can optimize their online education programs and enhance student performance. the pandemic has necessitated the use of various teaching strategies in higher education institutions to adapt to remote and online learning. Blended learning, technology-enhanced instruction, student-centered approaches, flexible assessments, active learning strategies, and social-emotional support are some of the most appropriate teaching strategies that have been used during the pandemic to support student learning and engagement. It is important for instructors to continually assess and adapt their teaching strategies based on student needs and feedback to ensure effective learning outcomes.

The objective of this paper is to discuss the various technology and methods for producing energy from waste & its advantages. These technologies are incineration, gasification, plasma arc gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion. These technologies reduce volume of waste, environmental influence threat to public health and the dependency of the fossil fuel for generating power. The efficiency of this technology is up to 20-40%. As per rough idea, a typical 100000 tonnes per annum waste to energy plant will produce around 7MW of electricity, which is sufficient to power approximately 10,000 homes and cost of the energy is around 0.03$ -0.05$ per Kilo-watt Hours depend upon the technologies.

The fast changes in global order have to be anticipated by the company’s management in order to be able to compete. This change affects the organizational system and the company’s leadership style to improve their employees’ participation. Leadership style determines the level of employees’ participation and empowers them in reaching the targets that have been determined by the management. The data retrieval is using a questionnaire from the employees of an animal feed manufacturing company. The data retrieval technique is by using all the 50 employees of the company. The data analysis of this study is using partial least square (PLS). The result of this study is to find that leadership style has a significant influence on employee engagement and work environment. Employee engagement and work environment impact significantly toward the performance of the employees. The result of the study also shows that leadership style can not directly impact the performance of the employees, because leadership style is an interaction between top management with the employees so that it needs an intermediate variable in increasing the performance of employees.

The hospitality business is rapidly growing and has caused fierce competition in this industry. It can be seen from the number of new hotels particularly for the 2 and 3-star hotels, and budget hotels in Surabaya. The hotels applied various strategies in acquiring new customers and retain loyal customers in the pursuit of a high level of occupancy in order to maintain business continuity. Performing appropriate marketing tactics is one of the ways to enable the hotel to increasing occupancy rates. Marketing strategy is associated with the products, prices, promotions, and distribution. This study aims at seeking the impact of the product, prices, promotion, and distribution on the consumer purchasing decisions. The population is all visitors to budget hotels located in the city of Surabaya. The data collection was conducted by distributing the self-administered questionnaire to 150 visitors. Of the 150, 125 questionnaires were valid for further analysis. The sampling frame uses judgmental sampling techniques. Data processing used multiple linear regression using SPSS software. The results showed that hotel products have an influence on consumer purchasing decisions; prices have an influence on consumer purchasing decisions. The location of the hotel affects the purchase decision. Promotion performed by the hotel influence the purchase decision by the consumer. This research model needs to be developed by providing service process variables and employee competencies in hotels in Surabaya.

Metals and Metals-alloys play a significant role in the everyday life of researchers and also in industrial applications to develop a new framework product. New development of tool and techniques help researchers to do their work smoothly. Multi-purpose machines mainly help researchers to do framework design and research as per need and it will save both cost and time. In this paper, the main aim is to develop a machine-stand that performs machine operations in a single column (either side of the column). The operations are cutting, grinding, and drilling. The purpose of the machine is to support researchers in their research work, with high precision to drill without any (human error) vibrations and to cut the work-samples without edges loses. The machine is designed for portable purposes, that can be used in laboratory, field, workshop, and workplace, etc. to do operations of cutting and drilling in various places. The same machine is used for multi-operation, instead of using separate fixed flame machines such as cutting, grinding, and drilling machines. The machine operates through power sources with liquid coolant lubricant and the operations performed simultaneously or individually