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The field experiments were conducted during the rainy (kharif) seasons of 2018–19 and 2019–20 at College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan to study the effect of crop spacing, mulching and irrigation levels on yield and quality of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]. Experiment was laid out in split plot design (SPD) with four irrigation levels [40, 60, 80 and 100% pan evaporation (PE)] in the main plot. Two crop geometries (normal sowing and paired row sowing) and three mulches (no mulch, straw and plastic mulch in black colour) were used in the sub-plot and sub-sub-plot, respectively. The study found that using 40% of PE for irrigation led to the shortest time to first flowering (41.72 days). However, the highest fruit yield, leaf area index (LAI), total soluble solids (TSS), protein content and cost-benefit ratio (B:C ratio) were achieved when irrigating at 100% PE followed by 80% PE. Water use efficiency (WUE) was highest (17.24 kg/ha/mm) at 40% PE irrigation level. The highest fruit yield of 153.1 g/plant and 122.4 q/ha was achieved when straw mulch was applied. Considering the combined data, it's worth mentioning that the B:C ratio was significantly greater when utilizing 100 PE irrigation without mulch. Conversely, WUE at 19.1 kg/ha/mm, showed a significant increase when employing 40% PE irrigation along with straw mulch. Therefore, the study demonstrates that utilizing paired row sowing with straw mulch and irrigation at 100% PE resulted in the highest growth attributes, fruit quality of okra and B:C ratio.

This article discusses a case of atypical ulcerative cutaneous tuberculosis in a zosteriform distribution caused by Mycobacterium bovis. The patient presented with a large, persistent, indurated, erythematous plaque in the left inguinal area, along with erosions on the glans penis. Despite initial misdiagnosis and treatment for herpes simplex, the ulceration progressed. Skin biopsy and testing confirmed the presence of M. bovis. The patient responded well to antitubercular therapy and experienced complete healing of the ulcers. This case highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis as a potential diagnosis, even in atypical presentations. [Extracted from the article]

Aim: Cells which initiate cancer cells in the body are somehow known as stem cells. They help to initiate cancer or tumor cells in the body, after initiation further division occur and a full-fledged disease formed as cancer/tumor. Methods: These cells are not homogeneous to each other and after development they start their division into groups. These cells have several qualities which help them to grow in the body and make their roots stronger. They have characteristics as they can grow and replicate by themselves and also nourish themselves. Results: They did not need any other stimuli to feed them. They started continuously growing and finally a tumor occurs in the human body. Different researches have done to check the main cause of cancer and how stem cells get generated. Conclusion: They were unable to find the reason, now another research has made to find out the reason of cancer cells which are increasing day by day in ovaries of female which we called as cancer of ovaries. Here its initiation level and characteristics will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioaccumulation and biotransformation of heavy metals cause serious pollution in aquatic ecosystems. This has attracted widespread attention to its negative effect on ecological and human health. In recent years, several studies have been done in this area. Among all the heavy metals, Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) have been widely reported for their toxic effect. However, detailed research activity on these two pollutants in aquatic ecosystems has not been mapped. It is important to capture the key topics and domains in which research is happening. The present study attempts to address this gap. A detailed Scientometrics study was undertaken to capture the heavy metal pollution in river systems. The 33,414 research papers were identified from a topic search covering the period 2010 to 2021 from the ‘web-of-science’ database. The social network analysis approach was used for understanding the structure and dynamics of the research. The study identifies the following as major nodes in the network constructed from author keywords assigned to the research papers namely heavy metal (primarily lead, cadmium), bioremediation, carbon nanotube, and sequential extraction. The thematic areas were identified as ecological risk, adsorption, atmospheric deposition, and potential ecological risk as major domains of research namely. The study has implications for research assessment and alerting the community and policymakers to the concerns about the adverse effect of these metals on aquatic ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/TiO2 composite ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated using different loadings of TiO2 NPs synthesized by the green route using an extract of Cajanus cajan. XRD analysis confirmed the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles of size 10 nm using Debye Scherrer's equation. High hydrophobicity of PVDF restricts its successful application due to fouling in the membrane. Therefore, composite membranes were prepared via the phase inversion route and characterized by contact angle and permeation tests. The BSA filtration experiments revealed that membrane with 0.5 wt% of TiO2 exhibits excellent hydrophilicity, permeation flux, high rejection ratio, and good antifouling performance. It was observed that the fouling characteristic of the membrane is governed by the surface roughness of the membrane, and with increasing loading of TiO2 the surface roughness decreases indirectly enhancing the antifouling property of membranes. The adsorption capacity of bovine serum albumin on the membrane surface decreased from 2.85 to 2.15 mg cm−2 as the TiO2 loading increased from 0 to 0.02 g TiO2/g PVDF. Fouling was found due to cake formation in ultrafiltration and can be explained by Hermia's fouling model suggesting that the solutes are not deposited into the pores, which indicates that the fouling process is physically reversible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypoplasia of the right hepatic lobe is a rare and usually asymptomatic anomaly, which sometimes may be associated with portal hypertension but rarely with retroperitoneal fibrosis. We report one such rare case of hypoplastic right hepatic lobe associated with portal hypertension and retroperitoneal fibrosis. A 45-year-old nonalcoholic male presented with a chief complaint of hematemesis. Serum investigations were normal and inconclusive, so computed tomography was performed which showed right hepatic lobe hypoplasia, esophageal varices, and retroperitoneal fibrosis. Since all other causes of acquired liver atrophy had been ruled out, we considered this case to be of congenital origin. Although it is a rare anomaly, it should be kept in mind to avoid fatal surgical complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant proportion of xenobiotic recalcitrant azo dyes are being released in environment during carpet dyeing. The bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas sp. BHUSSp X2 was isolated from dye contaminated soil of carpet industry, Bhadohi, India. The isolated bacterial strain was identified morphologically, biochemically, and on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. The isolate decolorized 97 % of C.I. Acid Red 1 (Acid RED G) at the concentration of 200 mg/l within 6 h under optimum static conditions (temperature −35 °C, pH 8, and initial cell concentration 7 × 10 cell/ml). Drastic reduction in dye degradation rate was observed beyond initial dye concentration from 500 mg/l (90 %), and it reaches to 25 % at 1000 mg/l under same set of conditions. The analysis related to decolorization and degradation was done using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, HPLC, and FTIR, whereas the GC-MS technique was utilized for the identification of degradation products. Phytotoxicity analysis revealed that degradation products are less toxic as compared to the original dye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]