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2. Capsule Network for Plant Disease and Plant Species Classification

Author

Kurup, R. Vimal, Anupama, M. A., Vinayakumar, R., Sowmya, V., Soman, K. P., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Smys, S., editor, Tavares, João Manuel R. S., editor, Balas, Valentina Emilia, editor, and Iliyasu, Abdullah M., editor

Published
2020
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6. Colchicine Influences Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Promotes Atherosclerosis Regression via Notch3 Dependent Mechanisms

Author

Li, W., primary, Lin, A., additional, Hutton, M., additional, Dhaliwal, H., additional, Kurup, R., additional, Nadel, J., additional, Rodor, J., additional, Padula, M., additional, Hadden, M., additional, Örd, T., additional, Kaikkonen, M., additional, Sluimer, J., additional, Baker, A., additional, Fisher, E., additional, Ramaswamy, Y., additional, Patel, S., additional, and Misra, A., additional

Published
2023
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8. Colchicine Influences Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Promotes Atherosclerosis Regression via Notch3 Dependent Mechanisms

Author

Li, W, Lin, A, Hutton, M, Dhaliwal, H, Kurup, R, Nadel, J, Rodor, J, Padula, M, Hadden, M, Örd, T, Kaikkonen, M, Sluimer, J, Baker, A, Fisher, E, Ramaswamy, Y, Patel, S, Misra, A, Li, W, Lin, A, Hutton, M, Dhaliwal, H, Kurup, R, Nadel, J, Rodor, J, Padula, M, Hadden, M, Örd, T, Kaikkonen, M, Sluimer, J, Baker, A, Fisher, E, Ramaswamy, Y, Patel, S, and Misra, A

Published
2023

15. Evaluation of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Diabetic Clinic, Guyana.

Author

Kurup, R., Boston, C., Ramdial, R., Stuart, T., and Lewis-Isles, S.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) abnormalities and contributing factors in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the diabetic clinic of public hospital, Guyana. Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 60 randomly selected diabetic patients from the public hospitals' diabetic clinics. Patients were included in the study once they had to get tested for ALT and GGT on their request form from the physician and their informed consent. Analysis was done using SPSS 20. Results: Analysis of ALT and GGT showed mean ALT ± SD as 61.9 ± 28.9 (95% CI: 54.5, 69.4) and mean GGT ± SD as 19.6 ± 9.7 (95% CI: 17.1, 83.3). Family history (RR 2.3 95% CI: 0.6, 8.6) showed a greater risk factor of high ALT followed by current illness (RR 1.3 95% CI: 0.4, 4.7). Correlation analysis between ALT and GGT shows a significant positive correlation. Conclusion: The research showed a prevalence of elevated levels of ALT and GGT in type 2 diabetic patients and a strong association to metformin and ethnicity in particular those of Indian decent. Therefore, further research within a controlled environment should be done in order to evaluate the efficacy of the action of metformin as compared to other diabetic drugs in concert with other contributing factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. Colchicine inhibits neutrophil extracellular trap formation in patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention

Author

Vaidya, K, Tucker, B, Kurup, R, Khandkar, C, Pandzic, E, Barraclough, J, Machet, J, Misra, A, Kavurma, M, Martinez, G, Rye, KA, Cochran, BJ, Patel, S, Vaidya, K, Tucker, B, Kurup, R, Khandkar, C, Pandzic, E, Barraclough, J, Machet, J, Misra, A, Kavurma, M, Martinez, G, Rye, KA, Cochran, BJ, and Patel, S

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with periprocedural myocardial infarction, as a result of microvascular obstruction via proinflammatory and prothrombotic pathways. Colchicine is a well-established anti-inflammatory agent with growing evidence to support use in patients with coronary disease. However, its effects on post-PCI NET formation in ACS have not been explored. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty patients (40 ACS; 20 stable angina pectoris) were prospectively recruited and allocated to colchicine or no treatment. Within 24 hours of treatment, serial coronary sinus blood samples were collected during PCI. Isolated neutrophils from 10 patients with ACS post-PCI and 4 healthy controls were treated in vitro with colchicine (25 nmol/L) and stimulated with either ionomycin (5 Μmol/L) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (50 nmol/L). Extracellular DNA was quantified using Sytox Green and fixed cells were stained with Hoechst 3342 and anti-alpha tubulin. Baseline characteristics were similar across both treatment and control arms. Patients with ACS had higher NET release versus patients with stable angina pectoris (P<0.001), which was reduced with colchicine treatment (area under the curve: 0.58 versus 4.29; P<0.001). In vitro, colchicine suppressed unstimulated (P<0.001), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced (P=0.009) and ionomycin-induced (P=0.002) NET formation in neutrophils isolated from patients with ACS post-PCI, but not healthy controls. Tubulin organization was impaired in neutrophils from patients with ACS but was restored by colchicine treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Colchicine suppresses NET formation in patients with ACS post-PCI by restoring cytoskeletal dynamics. These findings warrant further investigation in randomized trials powered for clinical end points.

Published
2021

18. Isolation and Screening of Actinomycetes from Marine Soil Sediments and Sponges for Anti-microbial Activities.

Author

Ram, V., Kumari, K. S., and Kurup, R.

Abstract

Objective: To isolate and screen for the anti-microbial properties of actinomycetes from marine soil sediments and sponges. Methods: The samples of sponges and sediments were collected from various locations on the coast of Andhra Pradesh. Isolation of actinomycetes was done by plating them on the starch casein agar, Kuster's agar, actinomycete isolation agar, and potassium tellurite agar medium using the dilution technique. Various pathogenic bacterial strains, fungal strains, and yeasts were obtained from the Microbial Type Culture Collection, Chandigarh, India, and the National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms, Pune, India. Results: A total of six different soil sediments were collected from the coast of Andhra Pradesh at depths ranging from 1 to 20 m. From the 9 different samples collected, 22 colonies of actinomycetes were isolated. Well-separated and pure colonies of 12 actinomycetes were selected. Of these, nine actinomycetes were active against Gram-positive bacteria, three against Gramnegative bacteria, four against filamentous fungi, and one against yeast. The crude extracts prepared from three potential isolates exhibited both anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. Based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, the most effective isolate was identified (AP 13) as belonging to the genus Streptomyces. Conclusion: With careful evaluation, using previously published species of the genus Streptomyces, the isolate was identified as the strain Streptomyces fradiae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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26. Prevalence and Risks of Syphilis among Commercial Sex Workers in Georgetown, Guyana.

Author

Kurup, R. and Hercules, A. C.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) and prevalence of syphilis and to investigate the sexual health practices and constraints among commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Guyana. Methods: The participants were randomly selected from CSWs participating in support group meetings held in Georgetown and Berbice. The survey was cross-sectional, and SPSS 20.0 was used to perform the data analysis. Results: The majority (92.9%) of CSWs tested negative for syphilis, whereas two (2.9%) of the five (7.1%) reactive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory cases indicated prior history of syphilis infection. In the study, 54.3% of participants always used condoms, whereas 74.3% did not use drugs and only 2.9% consumed alcohol every day. The participants had a fair KAP towards syphilis but few misconceptions exist. Stigma and discrimination was identified as the major constraint faced by male sex workers, and 97.1% of CSWs indicated that they preferred giving up sex work. Conclusion: Syphilis was not prevalent among the selected CSWs in Georgetown and Berbice. Prevention programmes should be continued through the support groups to maintain and increase safe sexual practices among female sex workers. Strategies should also be tailored to provide rehabilitation to the CSWs, especially for those willing to give up sex work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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27. P1.01-26 Single-Centre Experience of Clinical Outcomes for Advanced Lung Cancer Patients in Phase I Clinical Trials

Author

Graham, D., primary, Jordan, T., additional, Tinsley, N., additional, Aruketty, S., additional, Vickers, A., additional, Kelly, C., additional, Kurup, R., additional, White, A., additional, Smith, A., additional, Walsh, A., additional, Thomson, C., additional, O'Reilly, S., additional, Norfolk, M., additional, Chang, D., additional, Blackhall, F., additional, Summers, Y., additional, Califano, R., additional, Taylor, P., additional, Thistlethwaite, F., additional, Cook, N., additional, Carter, L., additional, and Krebs, M., additional

Published
2018
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34. Early and Long-Term Outcomes After Manual and Remote Magnetic Navigation Guided Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation

Author

Qian, P., primary, Da Silva, K., additional, Kumar, S., additional, Kurup, R., additional, Nadri, F., additional, Samanta, R., additional, Bhaskaran, A., additional, Ross, D., additional, Sivagangabalan, G., additional, Cooper, M., additional, Davis, L., additional, Denniss, R., additional, Thiagalingam, A., additional, Thomas, S., additional, and Kovoor, P., additional

Published
2017
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35. Mobile Telephone Text Messaging for Medication Adherence in Chronic Disease: A Meta-analysis.

Author

Thakkar, J, Kurup, R, Laba, T-L, Santo, K, Thiagalingam, A, Rodgers, A, Woodward, M, Redfern, J, Chow, CK, Thakkar, J, Kurup, R, Laba, T-L, Santo, K, Thiagalingam, A, Rodgers, A, Woodward, M, Redfern, J, and Chow, CK

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Adherence to long-term therapies in chronic disease is poor. Traditional interventions to improve adherence are complex and not widely effective. Mobile telephone text messaging may be a scalable means to support medication adherence. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to assess the effect of mobile telephone text messaging on medication adherence in chronic disease. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, and CINAHL (from database inception to January 15, 2015), as well as reference lists of the articles identified. The data were analyzed in March 2015. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized clinical trials evaluating a mobile telephone text message intervention to promote medication adherence in adults with chronic disease. DATA EXTRACTION: Two authors independently extracted information on study characteristics, text message characteristics, and outcome measures as per the predefined protocol. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Odds ratios and pooled data were calculated using random-effects models. Risk of bias and study quality were assessed as per Cochrane guidelines. Disagreement was resolved by consensus. RESULTS: Sixteen randomized clinical trials were included, with 5 of 16 using personalization, 8 of 16 using 2-way communication, and 8 of 16 using a daily text message frequency. The median intervention duration was 12 weeks, and self-report was the most commonly used method to assess medication adherence. In the pooled analysis of 2742 patients (median age, 39 years and 50.3% [1380 of 2742] female), text messaging significantly improved medication adherence (odds ratio, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.52-2.93; P < .001). The effect was not sensitive to study characteristics (intervention duration or type of disease) or text message characteristics (personalization, 2-way communication, or daily text message frequency). In a sensitivity analysis, our findings remained robust to change in inclusio

Published
2016

37. Comparative Evaluation of Ziehl Neelsen Staining and Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Laboratory Personnel in Relation to Ziehl Nielsen

Author

Kurup, R and Chester, K

Subjects
Original Article
Abstract

To describe laboratory personnel's attitude and practices toward phenol exposure during Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) acid fast staining method and to evaluate the feasibility of an alternate modified Kinyoun cold (MKC) stain.A total of 187 sputum samples were collected from suspected tuberculosis cases and stained by the MKC method and ZN stain and were read by an experienced microscopist and a researcher. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 35 laboratory personnel was also conducted.Modified Kinyoun cold stain gave sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 100%, 99.4%, 94.1% and 100%, respectively. Both stains corresponded with an agreement rate of 99.5%. Almost 94.7% of respondents reported that they worked in a closed area when staining and 57.1% did the staining method without ventilation. Material safety data sheet (MSDS) of phenol was not known to 77.1% of laboratory personnel. All of the participants (100%) in this study welcomed a similar, non heating method for acid-fast bacillus (AFB). There was significant association between those not comfortable with phenol exposure (77.1%) and complaints of irritation (48.6%) and headache (2.9%) [c2 = 10.98, r = 0.55, p = 0.001].The MKC is suitable for use as a substitute for the ZN method for the demonstration of AFB in the primary diagnosis and treatment assessment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Focus should be given on educating laboratory staff on the hazards, risks and precautions associated with the phenol/ZN method.

Published
2014

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