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© The Author(s) 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). For assessment of the potential of the Beppu Bay sediments as a Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) candidate for the Anthropocene, we have integrated datasets of 99 proxies. The datasets for the sequences date back 100 years for most proxy records and 1300 years for several records. The cumulative number of occurrences of the anthropogenic fingerprint reveal unprecedented increases above the base of the 1953 flood layer at 64.6 cm (1953 CE), which coincides with an initial increase in global fallout of 239Pu+240Pu. The onset of the proliferation of anthropogenic fingerprints was followed by diverse human-associated events, including a rapid increase in percent modern 14C in anchovy scales, changes in nitrogen and carbon cycling as recorded by anchovy δ15N and δ13C, elevated pollution of heavy metals, increased depositions of novel materials (spheroidal carbonaceous particles, microplastics, polychlorinated biphenyls), the occurrence of hypoxia (Re/Mo ratio) and eutrophication (biogenic opal, TOC, TN, diatoms, chlorophyll a), unprecedented microplankton community changes (compositions of carotenoids, diatoms, dinoflagellates), abnormally high spring air temperatures as inferred from diatom fossils, and lithological changes. These lines of evidence indicate that the base of the 1953 layer is the best GSSP level candidate in the stratigraphy at this site. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publica- tion of this article: The cooperative research program (Accept. No. 08B033, 09B043, 15A035, 15B058, and 19A007) of the Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi University also supported this study. This study was supported financially by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (grant numbers 22340155, 21244073, 16H02232, 17K20045, 17H02959, 19H04284, 20H00646, and 21H01170) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (JPMEERF18S20320) of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan and a research grant from the Mitsui & Co., Ltd. Environment Fund, no. R09-B022. LaMer in CMES was also financially supported for this study. Faculty yes

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Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-anr-10.1177_20530196221135077 for Beppu Bay, Japan, as a candidate Global Boundaries Stratotype Section and Point for an Anthropocene series by Michinobu Kuwae, Bruce P Finney, Zhiyuan Shi, Aya Sakaguchi, Narumi Tsugeki, Takayuki Omori, Tetsuro Agusa, Yoshiaki Suzuki, Yusuke Yokoyama, Hirofumi Hinata, Yoshio Hatada, Jun Inoue, Kazumi Matsuoka, Misaki Shimada, Hikaru Takahara, Shin Takahashi, Daisuke Ueno, Atsuko Amano, Jun Tsutsumi, Masanobu Yamamoto, Keiji Takemura, Keitaro Yamada, Ken Ikehara, Tsuyoshi Haraguchi, Stephen Tims, Michaela Froehlich, Leslie Keith Fifield, Takahiro Aze, Kimikazu Sasa, Tsutomu Takahashi, Masumi Matsumura, Yukinori Tani, Peter R Leavitt, Hideyuki Doi, Tomohisa Irino, Kazuyoshi Moriya, Akira Hayashida, Kotaro Hirose, Hidekazu Suzuki and Yoshiki Saito in The Anthropocene Review