28 results on '"Kylänen, M."'
Search Results
2. Physician Visits and Recognition of Residents' Terminal Phase in Long-Term Care Facilities: Findings From the PACE Cross-Sectional Study in 6 EU Countries
- Author
-
Oosterveld-Vlug, M.G., Pasman, H.R.W., ten Koppel, M., van Hout, H.P.J., van der Steen, J.T., Collingridge Moore, D., Deliens, L., Gambassi, G., Kylänen, M., Smets, T., Szczerbińska, K., Van den Block, L., and Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B.D.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Care staff’s self-efficacy regarding end-of-life communication in the long-term care setting: Results of the PACE cross-sectional study in six European countries
- Author
-
ten Koppel, M., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B.D., van der Steen, J.T., Kylänen, M., Van den Block, L., Smets, T., Deliens, L., Gambassi, G., Collingridge Moore, D., Szczerbińska, K., and Pasman, H.R.W.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Consensus on treatment for residents in long-term care facilities: perspectives from relatives and care staff in the PACE cross-sectional study in 6 European countries
- Author
-
ten Koppel, M., Pasman, H. R. W., van der Steen, J. T., van Hout, H. P. J., Kylänen, M., Van den Block, L., Smets, T., Deliens, L., Gambassi, G., Froggatt, K., Szczerbińska, K., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., and PACE
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Large differences in the organization of palliative care in nursing homes in six European countries: findings from the PACE cross-sectional study
- Author
-
Honinx, E., Block, L. Van den, Piers, R., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B.D., Payne, S.A., Szczerbińska, K., Gambassi, G., Kylänen, M., Steen, J.T. van der, Vernooij-Dassen, M.J.F.J., Engels, Y., Wichmann, A.B., Deliens, L., Smets, T., Family Medicine and Chronic Care, End-of-life Care Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Public and occupational health, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Quality of Care, and General practice
- Subjects
Quality management ,Palliative care ,Alzheimer`s disease Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 1] ,Cross-sectional study ,Healthcare improvement science Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 18] ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nursing ,030502 gerontology ,Multidisciplinary approach ,Structural indicators ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pace ,business.industry ,Nursing home ,DEMENTIA ,RC952-1245 ,General Medicine ,PACE ,3. Good health ,Test (assessment) ,Stratified sampling ,Nursing Homes ,Europe ,QUALITY INDICATORS ,LIFE ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Special situations and conditions ,Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing ,Organizational structure ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Organization ,Research Article ,RESIDENTS - Abstract
Background To be able to provide high-quality palliative care, there need to be a number of organizational structures available in the nursing homes. It is unclear to what extent such structures are actually present in nursing homes in Europe. We aim to examine structural indicators for quality of palliative care in nursing homes in Europe and to evaluate the differences in terms of availability of and access to palliative care, infrastructure for residents and families, multidisciplinary meetings and quality improvement initiatives. Methods A PACE cross-sectional study (2015) of nursing homes in Belgium, England, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. Nursing homes (N = 322) were selected in each country via proportional stratified random sampling. Nursing home administrators (N = 305) filled in structured questionnaires on nursing home characteristics. Organization of palliative care was measured using 13 of the previously defined IMPACT structural indicators for quality of palliative care covering four domains: availability of and access to palliative care, infrastructure for residents and families, multidisciplinary meetings and quality improvement initiatives. We calculated structural indicator scores for each country and computed differences in indicator scores between the six countries. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to compute the p-value of each difference. Results The availability of specialist palliative care teams in nursing homes was limited (6.1–48.7%). In Finland, Poland and Italy, specialist advice was also less often available (35.6–46.9%). Up to 49% of the nursing homes did not provide a dedicated contact person who maintained regular contact with the resident and relatives. The 24/7 availability of opioids for all nursing home residents was low in Poland (37.5%). Conclusions This study found a large heterogeneity between countries in the organization of palliative care in nursing homes, although a common challenge is ensuring sufficient structural access to specialist palliative care services. Policymakers and health and palliative care organizations can use these structural indicators to identify areas for improvement in the organization of palliative care.
- Published
- 2021
6. The retest method for improving coding in qualitative research
- Author
-
Kangas, H., primary, Vuori, J., additional, Luoto, S., additional, and Kylänen, M., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The relevance of public-private partnerships in coopetition: empirical evidence from the tourism sector
- Author
-
Marcello M. Mariani, Mika Kylänen, Mariani M, and Kylänen M
- Subjects
business.industry ,Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Tourism geography ,Public sector ,Coopetition ,Context (language use) ,INTERORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Private sector ,PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS ,COOPETITION ,Promotion (rank) ,TOURISM DESTINATIONS ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Public sphere ,Business and International Management ,Marketing ,business ,Tourism ,media_common - Abstract
The formation of coopetition is often triggered by a certain institutional context where the public sector pushes competing co-located companies to cooperate with each other. This situation is particularly important in the tourism sector where relevant public stakeholders support a collaborative attitude and practice among tourism businesses. In this paper, we focus on the role of the public sphere in creating the conditions for the private sector to shift from a constant sum to a variable sum game, wherein public-private partnerships can help private businesses to achieve win-win situations. More specifically, our comparative study shows that public-private relationships are crucial over time in order to strengthen coopetition thus contributing to better development and promotion of a tourism destination and to the improvement of the dialogue inside a business agglomeration. The formation of coopetition is often triggered by a certain institutional context where the public sector pushes competing co-located companies to cooperate with each other. This situation is particularly important in the tourism sector where relevant public stakeholders support a collaborative attitude and practice among tourism businesses. In this paper, we focus on the role of the public sphere in creating the conditions for the private sector to shift from a constant sum to a variable sum game, wherein public-private partnerships can help private businesses to achieve win-win situations. More specifically, our comparative study shows that public-private relationships are crucial over time in order to strengthen coopetition thus contributing to better development and promotion of a tourism destination and to the improvement of the dialogue inside a business agglomeration.
- Published
- 2014
8. A comparison of social prescribing approaches across twelve high-income countries.
- Author
-
Scarpetti G, Shadowen H, Williams GA, Winkelmann J, Kroneman M, Groenewegen PP, De Jong JD, Fronteira I, Augusto GF, Hsiung S, Slade S, Rojatz D, Kallayova D, Katreniakova Z, Nagyova I, Kylänen M, Vracko P, Jesurasa A, Wallace Z, Wallace C, Costongs C, Barnes AJ, and van Ginneken E
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Developed Countries, Social Support, England, Pandemics, COVID-19
- Abstract
Background: Social prescribing connects patients with community resources to improve their health and well-being. It is gaining momentum globally due to its potential for addressing non-medical causes of illness while building on existing resources and enhancing overall health at a relatively low cost. The COVID-19 pandemic further underscored the need for policy interventions to address health-related social issues such as loneliness and isolation., Aim: This paper presents evidence of the conceptualisation and implementation of social prescribing schemes in twelve countries: Australia, Austria, Canada, England, Finland, Germany, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, the Netherlands, the United States and Wales., Methods: Twelve countries were identified through the Health Systems and Policy Monitor (HSPM) network and the EuroHealthNet Partnership. Information was collected through a twelve open-ended question survey based on a conceptual model inspired by the WHO's Health System Framework., Results: We found that social prescribing can take different forms, and the scale of implementation also varies significantly. Robust evidence on impact is scarce and highly context-specific, with some indications of cost-effectiveness and positive impact on well-being., Conclusions: This paper provides insights into social prescribing in various contexts and may guide countries interested in holistically tackling health-related social factors and strengthening community-based care. Policies can support a more seamless integration of social prescribing into existing care, improve collaboration among sectors and training programs for health and social care professionals., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Health promotion and disease prevention registries in the EU: a cross country comparison.
- Author
-
Rossmann C, Krnel SR, Kylänen M, Lewtak K, Tortone C, Ragazzoni P, Grasso M, Maassen A, Costa L, and van Dale D
- Abstract
Background: Health promotion and disease prevention programme registries (HPPRs), also called 'best practice portals', serve as entry points and practical repositories that provide decision-makers with easy access to (evidence-based) practices. However, there is limited knowledge of differences or overlaps of howe current national HPPRs in Europe function, the context and circumstances in which these HPPRs were developed, and the mechanisms utilised by each HPPR for the assessment, classification and quality improvement of the included practices. This study prepared an overview of different approaches in several national HPPRs and the EU Best Practice Portal (EU BPP) as well as identified commonalities and differences among the core characteristics of the HPPRs., Methods: We conducted a descriptive comparison - that focused on six European countries with existing or recently developed/implemented national HPPR and the EU BPP -to create a comparative overview. We used coding mechanisms to identify commonalities and differences; we performed data management, collection and building consensus during EuroHealthNet Thematic Working Group meetings., Results: All HPPRs offer a broad range of health promotion and disease-prevention practices and serve to support practitioners, policymakers and researchers in selecting practices. Almost all HPPRs have an assessment process in place or planned, requiring the application of assessment criteria that differ among the HPPRs. While all HPPRs collect and share recommendable practices, others have implemented further measures to improve the quality of the submitted practices. Different dissemination tools and strategies are employed to promote the use of the HPPRs, including social media, newsletters and publications as well as capacity building workshops for practice owners or technical options to connect citizens/patients with local practices., Conclusions: Collaboration between HPPRs (at national and EU level) is appreciated, especially regarding the use consistent terminology to avoid misinterpretation, facilitate cross-country comparison and enable discussions on the adaption of assessment criteria by national HPPRs. Greater efforts are needed to promote the actual implementation and transfer of practices at the national level to address public health challenges with proven and effective practices., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Large differences in the organization of palliative care in nursing homes in six European countries: findings from the PACE cross-sectional study.
- Author
-
Honinx E, Van den Block L, Piers R, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Payne S, Szczerbińska K, Gambassi G, Kylänen M, Deliens L, and Smets T
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Europe, Humans, Nursing Homes, Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing, Palliative Care
- Abstract
Background: To be able to provide high-quality palliative care, there need to be a number of organizational structures available in the nursing homes. It is unclear to what extent such structures are actually present in nursing homes in Europe. We aim to examine structural indicators for quality of palliative care in nursing homes in Europe and to evaluate the differences in terms of availability of and access to palliative care, infrastructure for residents and families, multidisciplinary meetings and quality improvement initiatives., Methods: A PACE cross-sectional study (2015) of nursing homes in Belgium, England, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. Nursing homes (N = 322) were selected in each country via proportional stratified random sampling. Nursing home administrators (N = 305) filled in structured questionnaires on nursing home characteristics. Organization of palliative care was measured using 13 of the previously defined IMPACT structural indicators for quality of palliative care covering four domains: availability of and access to palliative care, infrastructure for residents and families, multidisciplinary meetings and quality improvement initiatives. We calculated structural indicator scores for each country and computed differences in indicator scores between the six countries. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to compute the p-value of each difference., Results: The availability of specialist palliative care teams in nursing homes was limited (6.1-48.7%). In Finland, Poland and Italy, specialist advice was also less often available (35.6-46.9%). Up to 49% of the nursing homes did not provide a dedicated contact person who maintained regular contact with the resident and relatives. The 24/7 availability of opioids for all nursing home residents was low in Poland (37.5%)., Conclusions: This study found a large heterogeneity between countries in the organization of palliative care in nursing homes, although a common challenge is ensuring sufficient structural access to specialist palliative care services. Policymakers and health and palliative care organizations can use these structural indicators to identify areas for improvement in the organization of palliative care., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Hospitalisation in the last month of life and in-hospital death of nursing home residents: a cross-sectional analysis of six European countries.
- Author
-
Honinx E, Piers RD, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Payne S, Szczerbińska K, Gambassi G, Kylänen M, Deliens L, Van den Block L, and Smets T
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Hospital Mortality, Hospitalization, Humans, Nursing Homes, Terminal Care
- Abstract
Objectives: To examine the rate and characteristics of hospitalisation in the last month of life and place of death among nursing home residents and to identify related care processes, facility factors and residents' characteristics., Setting: A cross-sectional study (2015) of deceased residents in 322 nursing homes in six European countries., Participants: The nursing home manager (N=1634), physician (N=1132) and primary nurse (N=1384) completed questionnaires., Outcome Measures: Hospitalisation and place of death were analysed using generalised linear and logistic mixed models. Multivariate analyses were conducted to determine associated factors., Results: Twelve to 26% of residents were hospitalised in the last month of life, up to 19% died in-hospital (p<0.001). Belgian residents were more likely to be hospitalised than those in Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. For those dying in-hospital, the main reason for admission was acute change in health status. Residents with a better functional status were more likely to be hospitalised or to die in-hospital. The likelihood of hospitalisation and in-hospital death increased if no conversation on preferred care with a relative was held. Not having an advance directive regarding hospitalisations increased the likelihood of hospitalisation., Conclusions: Although participating countries vary in hospitalisation and in-hospital death rates, between 12% (Italy) and 26% (Belgium) of nursing home residents were hospitalised in the last month of life. Close monitoring of acute changes in health status and adequate equipment seem critical to avoiding unnecessary hospitalisations. Strategies to increase discussion of preferences need to be developed. Our findings can be used by policy-makers at governmental and nursing home level., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. No difference in effects of 'PACE steps to success' palliative care program for nursing home residents with and without dementia: a pre-planned subgroup analysis of the seven-country PACE trial.
- Author
-
Miranda R, Smets T, Van Den Noortgate N, van der Steen JT, Deliens L, Payne S, Szczerbińska K, Pautex S, Van Humbeeck L, Gambassi G, Kylänen M, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Humans, Nursing Homes, Palliative Care, Dementia therapy, Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing, Terminal Care
- Abstract
Background: 'PACE Steps to Success' is a multicomponent training program aiming to integrate generalist and non-disease-specific palliative care in nursing homes. This program did not improve residents' comfort in the last week of life, but it appeared to improve quality of care and dying in their last month of life. Because this program included only three dementia-specific elements, its effects might differ depending on the presence or stage of dementia. We aimed to investigate whether the program effects differ between residents with advanced, non-advanced, and no dementia., Methods: Pre-planned subgroup analysis of the PACE cluster-randomized controlled trial in 78 nursing homes in seven European countries. Participants included residents who died in the previous 4 months. The nursing home staff or general practitioner assessed the presence of dementia; severity was determined using two highly-discriminatory staff-reported instruments. Using after-death questionnaires, staff assessed comfort in the last week of life (Comfort Assessment in Dying-End-of-Life in Dementia-scale; primary outcome) and quality of care and dying in the last month of life (Quality of Dying in Long-Term Care scale; secondary outcome)., Results: At baseline, we included 177 residents with advanced dementia, 126 with non-advanced dementia and 156 without dementia. Post-intervention, respectively in the control and the intervention group, we included 136 and 104 residents with advanced dementia, 167 and 110 with non-advanced dementia and 157 and 137 without dementia. We found no subgroup differences on comfort in the last week of life, comparing advanced versus without dementia (baseline-adjusted mean sub-group difference 2.1; p-value = 0.177), non-advanced versus without dementia (2.7; p = 0.092), and advanced versus non-advanced dementia (- 0.6; p = 0.698); or on quality of care and dying in the last month of life, comparing advanced and without dementia (- 0.6; p = 0.741), non-advanced and without dementia (- 1.5; p = 0.428), and advanced and non-advanced dementia (0.9; p = 0.632)., Conclusions: The lack of subgroup difference suggests that while the program did not improve comfort in dying residents with or without dementia, it appeared to equally improve quality of care and dying in the last month of life for residents with dementia (regardless of the stage) and those without dementia. A generalist and non-disease-specific palliative care program, such as PACE Steps to Success, is a useful starting point for future palliative care improvement in nursing homes, but to effectively improve residents' comfort, this program needs further development., Trial Registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN14741671 . Registered 8 July 2015 - Retrospectively registered.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Lack of Effect of a Multicomponent Palliative Care Program for Nursing Home Residents on Hospital Use in the Last Month of Life and on Place of Death: A Secondary Analysis of a Multicountry Cluster Randomized Control Trial.
- Author
-
Honinx E, Smets T, Piers R, Pasman HRW, Payne SA, Szczerbińska K, Gambassi G, Kylänen M, Pautex S, Deliens L, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Hospitalization, Hospitals, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Nursing Homes, Palliative Care
- Abstract
Objectives: PACE Steps to Success is a 1-year train-the-trainer program aiming to integrate nonspecialist palliative care into nursing homes via staff education and organizational support. In this study, we aimed to explore whether this program resulted in changes in residents' hospital use and place of death., Design: Secondary analysis of the PACE cluster randomized controlled trial (ISRCTN14741671). Data were collected on deaths over the previous 4 months via questionnaires at baseline and postintervention., Setting and Participants: Questionnaires were completed by the nurse/care-assistant most involved from 78 nursing homes in 7 European Union countries., Measures: We measured number of emergency department visits, hospital admissions, length of hospital stay, and place of death. Baseline and postintervention scores between intervention and control groups were compared, and we conducted exploratory mixed-model analyses. We collected 551 out of 610 questionnaires at baseline and 984 out of 1178 at postintervention in 37 intervention and 36 control homes., Results: We found no statistical significant effects of the program on emergency department visits [odds ratio (OR) = 1.38, P = .32], hospital admissions (OR = 0.98, P = .93), length of hospital stay (geometric mean difference = 0.85, P = .44), or place of death (OR = 1.08, P = .80)., Conclusions and Implications: We found no effect of the PACE program on either hospital use in the last month of life or place of death. Although this may be related to implementation problems in some homes, the program might also require a more specific focus on managing acute end-of-life situations and a closer involvement of general practitioners or specialist palliative care services to influence hospital use or place of death., (Copyright © 2020 AMDA – The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Decreased costs and retained QoL due to the 'PACE Steps to Success' intervention in LTCFs: cost-effectiveness analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
- Author
-
Wichmann AB, Adang EMM, Vissers KCP, Szczerbińska K, Kylänen M, Payne S, Gambassi G, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Smets T, Van den Block L, Deliens L, Vernooij-Dassen MJFJ, and Engels Y
- Subjects
- Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Retrospective Studies, Cost-Benefit Analysis methods, Long-Term Care economics, Nursing Homes economics, Quality of Life psychology
- Abstract
Background: The number of residents in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in need of palliative care is growing in the Western world. Therefore, it is foreseen that significantly higher percentages of budgets will be spent on palliative care. However, cost-effectiveness analyses of palliative care interventions in these settings are lacking. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to assess the cost-effectiveness of the 'PACE Steps to Success' intervention. PACE (Palliative Care for Older People) is a 1-year palliative care programme aiming at integrating general palliative care into day-to-day routines in LTCFs, throughout seven EU countries., Methods: A cluster RCT was conducted. LTCFs were randomly assigned to intervention or usual care. LTCFs reported deaths of residents, about whom questionnaires were filled in retrospectively about resource use and quality of the last month of life. A health care perspective was adopted. Direct medical costs, QALYs based on the EQ-5D-5L and costs per quality increase measured with the QOD-LTC were outcome measures., Results: Although outcomes on the EQ-5D-5L remained the same, a significant increase on the QOD-LTC (3.19 points, p value 0.00) and significant cost-savings were achieved in the intervention group (€983.28, p value 0.020). The cost reduction mainly resulted from decreased hospitalization-related costs (€919.51, p value 0.018)., Conclusions: Costs decreased and QoL was retained due to the PACE Steps to Success intervention. Significant cost savings and improvement in quality of end of life (care) as measured with the QOD-LTC were achieved. A clinically relevant difference of almost 3 nights shorter hospitalizations in favour of the intervention group was found. This indicates that timely palliative care in the LTCF setting can prevent lengthy hospitalizations while retaining QoL. In line with earlier findings, we conclude that integrating general palliative care into daily routine in LTCFs can be cost-effective., Trial Registration: ISRCTN14741671 .
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Comfort and clinical events at the end of life of nursing home residents with and without dementia: The six-country epidemiological PACE study.
- Author
-
Miranda R, van der Steen JT, Smets T, Van den Noortgate N, Deliens L, Payne S, Kylänen M, Szczerbińska K, Gambassi G, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Belgium, England, Finland, Humans, Italy, Netherlands, Nursing Homes, Palliative Care, Poland, Dementia epidemiology, Terminal Care
- Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to investigate the occurrence rates of clinical events and their associations with comfort in dying nursing home residents with and without dementia., Methods: Epidemiological after-death survey was performed in nationwide representative samples of 322 nursing homes in Belgium, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and England. Nursing staff reported clinical events and assessed comfort. The nursing staff or physician assessed the presence of dementia; severity was determined using two highly discriminatory staff-reported instruments., Results: The sample comprised 401 residents with advanced dementia, 377 with other stages of dementia, and 419 without dementia (N = 1197). Across the three groups, pneumonia occurred in 24 to 27% of residents. Febrile episodes (unrelated to pneumonia) occurred in 39% of residents with advanced dementia, 34% in residents with other stages of dementia and 28% in residents without dementia (P = .03). Intake problems occurred in 74% of residents with advanced dementia, 55% in residents with other stages of dementia, and 48% in residents without dementia (P < .001). Overall, these three clinical events were inversely associated with comfort. Less comfort was observed in all resident groups who had pneumonia (advanced dementia, P = .04; other stages of dementia, P = .04; without dementia, P < .001). Among residents with intake problems, less comfort was observed only in those with other stages of dementia (P < .001) and without dementia (P = .003), while the presence and severity of dementia moderated this association (P = .03). Developing "other clinical events" was not associated with comfort., Conclusions: Discomfort was observed in dying residents who developed major clinical events, especially pneumonia, which was not specific to advanced dementia. It is crucial to identify and address the clinical events potentially associated with discomfort in dying residents with and without dementia., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Associations between Length of Stay in Long Term Care Facilities and End of Life Care. Analysis of the PACE Cross-Sectional Study.
- Author
-
Collingridge Moore D, Payne S, Keegan T, Deliens L, Smets T, Gambassi G, Kylänen M, Kijowska V, Onwuteaka-Philipsen B, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Retrospective Studies, Length of Stay, Long-Term Care, Terminal Care
- Abstract
Long term care facilities (LTCFs) are increasingly a place of care at end of life in Europe. Longer residence in an LTCF prior to death has been associated with higher indicators of end of life care; however, the relationship has not been fully explored. The purpose of this analysis is to explore associations between length of stay and end of life care. The analysis used data collected in the Palliative Care for Older People in care and nursing homes in Europe (PACE) study, a cross-sectional mortality follow-back survey of LTCF residents who died within a retrospective 3-month period, conducted in Belgium, England, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. Primary outcomes were quality of care in the last month of life, comfort in the last week of life, contact with health services in the last month of life, presence of advance directives and consensus in care. Longer lengths of stay were associated with higher scores of quality of care in the last month of life and comfort in the last week of life. Longer stay residents were more likely to have advance directives in place and have a lasting power of attorney for personal welfare. Further research is needed to explore the underlying reasons for this trend, and how good quality end of life care can be provided to all LTCF residents.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Physical restraining of nursing home residents in the last week of life: An epidemiological study in six European countries.
- Author
-
Pivodic L, Smets T, Gambassi G, Kylänen M, Pasman HR, Payne S, Szczerbińska K, Deliens L, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Belgium epidemiology, England epidemiology, Female, Finland epidemiology, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Male, Netherlands epidemiology, Nursing Staff, Poland epidemiology, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Homes for the Aged statistics & numerical data, Nursing Homes statistics & numerical data, Restraint, Physical statistics & numerical data, Terminal Care statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: End-of-life care in nursing homes holds several risk factors for the use of physical restraints on residents, a practice shown to be neither safe nor effective., Objectives: To determine the frequency of physical limb and/or trunk restraint use in the last week of life of nursing home residents in six European countries and its association with country, resident and nursing home characteristics., Design: Epidemiological survey study., Setting: Proportionally stratified random sample of nursing homes in Belgium (BE), England (ENG), Finland (FI), Italy (IT), the Netherlands (NL), and Poland (PL)., Participants: Nursing home staff (nurses or care assistants)., Methods: In all participating nursing homes, we identified all residents who died during the three months prior to measurements. The staff member most involved in each resident's care indicated in a structured questionnaire whether trunk and/or limb restraints were used on that resident during the last week of life 'daily', 'less frequently than daily' or 'not used'., Results: In 322 nursing homes, staff returned questionnaires regarding 1384 deceased residents (response rate 81%). Limb and/or trunk restraints were used "daily" in the last week of life in 8% (BE), 1% (ENG), 4% (FI), 12% (IT), 0% (NL), and 0.4% (PL) of residents; and "less frequently than daily" in 4% (BE), 0% (ENG), 0.4% (FI), 6% (IT), 0% (NL), and 3.5% (PL) of residents. Restraint use was associated with country (p = 0.020) and inversely associated with residents' age (p = 0.017; odds ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.93 to 0.99). Restraint use was not significantly associated with resident's gender, dementia, functional status, staffing level, or the level of dependency of residents within the nursing home., Conclusions: In all but one of the six countries studied, staff reported that nursing home residents were restrained through limb and/or trunk restraints in the last week of life. The proportion of restrained residents was highest in Italy and Belgium. Organizational and resident characteristics may not be relevant predictors of restraint use at the end of life in this setting. National policy that explicitly discourages physical restraints in nursing home care and suggests alternative practices may be an important component of strategies to prevent their use., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Evaluation of a Palliative Care Program for Nursing Homes in 7 Countries: The PACE Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Author
-
Van den Block L, Honinx E, Pivodic L, Miranda R, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, van Hout H, Pasman HRW, Oosterveld-Vlug M, Ten Koppel M, Piers R, Van Den Noortgate N, Engels Y, Vernooij-Dassen M, Hockley J, Froggatt K, Payne S, Szczerbinska K, Kylänen M, Gambassi G, Pautex S, Bassal C, De Buysser S, Deliens L, and Smets T
- Subjects
- Advance Care Planning, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Continuity of Patient Care, Depression nursing, Female, Humans, Implementation Science, Male, Needs Assessment, Pain Management nursing, Patient Comfort, Terminal Care, Delivery of Health Care, Dementia nursing, Nursing Assistants education, Nursing Homes, Nursing Staff education, Palliative Care methods, Quality of Health Care
- Abstract
Importance: High-quality evidence on how to improve palliative care in nursing homes is lacking., Objective: To investigate the effect of the Palliative Care for Older People (PACE) Steps to Success Program on resident and staff outcomes., Design, Setting, and Participants: A cluster-randomized clinical trial (2015-2017) in 78 nursing homes in 7 countries comparing PACE Steps to Success Program (intervention) with usual care (control). Randomization was stratified by country and median number of beds in each country in a 1:1 ratio., Interventions: The PACE Steps to Success Program is a multicomponent intervention to integrate basic nonspecialist palliative care in nursing homes. Using a train-the-trainer approach, an external trainer supports staff in nursing homes to introduce a palliative care approach over the course of 1 year following a 6-steps program. The steps are (1) advance care planning with residents and family, (2) assessment, care planning, and review of needs and problems, (3) coordination of care via monthly multidisciplinary review meetings, (4) delivery of high-quality care focusing on pain and depression, (5) care in the last days of life, and (6) care after death., Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary resident outcome was comfort in the last week of life measured after death by staff using the End-of-Life in Dementia Scale Comfort Assessment While Dying (EOLD-CAD; range, 14-42). The primary staff outcome was knowledge of palliative care reported by staff using the Palliative Care Survey (PCS; range, 0-1)., Results: Concerning deceased residents, we collected 551 of 610 questionnaires from staff at baseline and 984 of 1178 postintervention in 37 intervention and 36 control homes. Mean (SD) age at time of death ranged between 85.22 (9.13) and 85.91 (8.57) years, and between 60.6% (160/264) and 70.6% (190/269) of residents were women across the different groups. Residents' comfort in the last week of life did not differ between intervention and control groups (baseline-adjusted mean difference, -0.55; 95% CI, -1.71 to 0.61; P = .35). Concerning staff, we collected 2680 of 3638 questionnaires at baseline and 2437 of 3510 postintervention in 37 intervention and 38 control homes. Mean (SD) age of staff ranged between 42.3 (12.1) and 44.1 (11.7) years, and between 87.2% (1092/1253) and 89% (1224/1375) of staff were women across the different groups. Staff in the intervention group had statistically significantly better knowledge of palliative care than staff in the control group, but the clinical difference was minimal (baseline-adjusted mean difference, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.02-0.05; P < .001). Data analyses began on April 20, 2018., Conclusions and Relevance: Residents' comfort in the last week of life did not improve after introducing the PACE Steps to Success Program. Improvements in staff knowledge of palliative care were clinically not important., Trial Registration: ISRCTN Identifier: ISRCTN14741671.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Evaluating the implementation of the PACE Steps to Success Programme in long-term care facilities in seven countries according to the RE-AIM framework.
- Author
-
Oosterveld-Vlug M, Onwuteaka-Philipsen B, Ten Koppel M, van Hout H, Smets T, Pivodic L, Tanghe M, Van Den Noortgate N, Hockley J, Payne S, Moore DC, Kijowska V, Szczerbińska K, Kylänen M, Leppäaho S, Mercuri C, Rossi P, Mercuri M, Gambassi G, Bassal C, de Paula EM, Engels Y, Deliens L, Van den Block L, and Pasman HR
- Subjects
- Cluster Analysis, Europe, Humans, Long-Term Care, Health Plan Implementation methods, Nursing Homes standards, Palliative Care methods, Process Assessment, Health Care methods, Program Evaluation methods, Quality Improvement
- Abstract
Background: The PACE 'Steps to Success' programme is a complex educational and development intervention for staff to improve palliative care in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). In a cluster randomized controlled trial, this programme has been implemented in 37 LTCFs in 7 European countries. Alongside an effectiveness study, a process evaluation study was conducted. This paper reports on the results of this process evaluation, of which the aim was to provide a more detailed understanding of the implementation of the PACE Programme across and within countries., Methods: The process evaluation followed the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework and involved various measures and tools, including diaries for country trainers, evaluation questionnaires for care staff, attendance lists and interviews (online and face-to-face, individual and in groups) with country trainers, managers, PACE coordinators and other staff members. Based on key elements of the PACE Programme, a priori criteria for a high, medium and low level of the RE-AIM components Reach, Adoption, Implementation and intention to Maintenance were defined. Qualitative data on factors affecting each RE-AIM component gathered in the online discussion groups and interviews were analysed according to the principles of thematic analysis., Results: The performance of the PACE Programme on the RE-AIM components was highly variable within and across countries, with a high or medium score for in total 28 (out of 37) LTCFs on Reach, for 26 LTCFs on Adoption, for 35 LTCFs on Implementation and for 34 LTCFs on intention to Maintenance. The factors affecting performance on the different RE-AIM components could be classified into three major categories: (1) the PACE Programme itself and its way of delivery, (2) people working with the PACE Programme and (3) contextual factors. Several country-specific challenges in implementing the PACE Programme were identified., Conclusions: The implementation of the PACE Programme was feasible but leaves room for improvement. Our analysis helps to better understand the optimal levels of training and facilitation and provides recommendations to improve implementation in the LTC setting. The results of the process evaluation will be used to further adapt and improve the PACE Programme prior to its further dissemination., Trial Registration: The PACE study was registered at www.isrctn.com-ISRCTN14741671 (FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1 603111) July 30, 2015.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Agreement of Nursing Home Staff With Palliative Care Principles: A PACE Cross-sectional Study Among Nurses and Care Assistants in Five European Countries.
- Author
-
Honinx E, Smets T, Piers R, Deliens L, Payne S, Kylänen M, Barańska I, Pasman HRW, Gambassi G, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Belgium, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Cross-Sectional Studies, England, Health Care Surveys, Humans, Italy, Netherlands, Nursing Homes, Poland, Quality of Health Care, Attitude of Health Personnel, Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing, Nursing Staff, Terminal Care
- Abstract
Context: To provide high-quality palliative care to nursing home residents, staff need to understand the basic principles of palliative care., Objectives: To evaluate the extent of agreement with the basic principles of palliative care of nurses and care assistants working in nursing homes in five European countries and to identify correlates., Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in 214 homes in Belgium, England, Italy, the Netherlands, and Poland. Agreement with basic principles of palliative care was measured with the Rotterdam MOVE2PC. We calculated percentages and odds ratios of agreement and an overall score between 0 (no agreement) and 5 (total agreement)., Results: Most staff in all countries agreed that palliative care involves more than pain treatment (58% Poland to 82% Belgium) and includes spiritual care (62% Italy to 76% Belgium) and care for family or relatives (56% Italy to 92% Belgium). Between 51% (the Netherlands) and 64% (Belgium) correctly disagreed that palliative care should start in the last week of life and 24% (Belgium) to 53% (Poland) agreed that palliative care and intensive life-prolonging treatment can be combined. The overall agreement score ranged between 1.82 (Italy) and 3.36 (England). Older staff (0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.09-0.43, P = 0.003), nurses (0.59; 95% CI: 0.43-0.75, P < 0.001), and staff who had undertaken palliative care training scored higher (0.21; 95% CI: 0.08-0.34, P = 0.002)., Conclusions: The level of agreement of nursing home staff with basic principles of palliative care was only moderate and differed between countries. Efforts to improve the understanding of basic palliative care are needed., (Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. A framework for cross-cultural development and implementation of complex interventions to improve palliative care in nursing homes: the PACE steps to success programme.
- Author
-
Hockley J, Froggatt K, Van den Block L, Onwuteaka-Philipsen B, Kylänen M, Szczerbińska K, Gambassi G, Pautex S, and Payne SA
- Subjects
- Cross-Cultural Comparison, Europe, Humans, Long-Term Care standards, Terminal Care standards, Nursing Homes standards, Palliative Care standards, Quality Improvement standards
- Abstract
Background: The PACE Steps to Success programme is a complex educational and development intervention to improve palliative care in nursing homes. Little research has investigated processes in the cross-cultural adaptation and implementation of interventions in palliative care across countries, taking account of differences in health and social care systems, legal and regulatory policies, and cultural norms. This paper describes a framework for the cross-cultural development and support necessary to implement such an intervention, taking the PACE Steps to Success programme as an exemplar., Methods: The PACE Steps to Success programme was implemented as part of the PACE cluster randomised control trial in seven European countries. A three stage approach was used, a) preparation of resources; b) training in the intervention using a train-the-trainers model; and c) cascading support throughout the implementation. All stages were underpinned by cross-cultural adaptation, including recognising legal and cultural norms, sensitivities and languages. This paper draws upon collated evidence from minutes of international meetings, evaluations of training delivered, interviews with those delivering the intervention in nursing homes and providing and/or receiving support., Results: Seventy eight nursing homes participated in the trial, with half randomized to receive the intervention, 3638 nurses/care assistants were identified at baseline. In each country, 1-3 trainers were selected (total n = 16) to deliver the intervention. A framework was used to guide the cross-cultural adaptation and implementation. Adaptation of three English training resources for different groups of staff consisted of simplification of content, identification of validated implementation tools, a review in 2 nursing homes in each country, and translation into local languages. The same training was provided to all country trainers who cascaded it into intervention nursing homes in local languages, and facilitated it via in-house PACE coordinators. Support was cascaded from country trainers to staff implementing the intervention., Conclusions: There is little guidance on how to adapt complex interventions developed in one country and language to international contexts. This framework for cross-cultural adaptation and implementation of a complex educational and development intervention may be useful to others seeking to transfer quality improvement initiatives in other contexts.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Palliative care provision in long-term care facilities differs across Europe: Results of a cross-sectional study in six European countries (PACE).
- Author
-
Ten Koppel M, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Van den Block L, Deliens L, Gambassi G, Heymans MW, Kylänen M, Oosterveld-Vlug MG, Pasman HRW, Payne S, Smets T, Szczerbińska K, Twisk JW, and van der Steen JT
- Subjects
- Advance Care Planning organization & administration, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Long-Term Care organization & administration, Nursing Homes statistics & numerical data, Palliative Care organization & administration
- Abstract
Background: While the need for palliative care in long-term care facilities is growing, it is unknown whether palliative care in this setting is sufficiently developed., Aim: To describe and compare in six European countries palliative care provision in long-term care facilities and to assess associations between patient, facility and advance care planning factors and receipt and timing of palliative care., Design: Cross-sectional after-death survey regarding care provided to long-term care residents in Belgium, England, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. Generalized estimating equations were used for analyses., Setting/participants: Nurses or care assistants who are most involved in care for the resident., Results: We included 1298 residents in 300 facilities, of whom a majority received palliative care in most countries (England: 72.6%-Belgium: 77.9%), except in Poland (14.0%) and Italy (32.1%). Palliative care typically started within 2 weeks before death and was often provided by the treating physician (England: 75%-the Netherlands: 98.8%). A palliative care specialist was frequently involved in Belgium and Poland (57.1% and 86.7%). Residents with cancer, dementia or a contact person in their record more often received palliative care, and it started earlier for residents with whom the nurse had spoken about treatments or the preferred course of care at the end of life., Conclusion: The late initiation of palliative care (especially when advance care planning is lacking) and palliative care for residents without cancer, dementia or closely involved relatives deserve attention in all countries. Diversity in palliative care organization might be related to different levels of its development.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Dying in long-term care facilities in Europe: the PACE epidemiological study of deceased residents in six countries.
- Author
-
Honinx E, van Dop N, Smets T, Deliens L, Van Den Noortgate N, Froggatt K, Gambassi G, Kylänen M, Onwuteaka-Philipsen B, Szczerbińska K, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Epidemiologic Studies, Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Long-Term Care, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Death, Homes for the Aged, Nursing Homes
- Abstract
Background: By 2030, 30% of the European population will be aged 60 or over and those aged 80 and above will be the fastest growing cohort. An increasing number of people will die at an advanced age with multiple chronic diseases. In Europe at present, between 12 and 38% of the oldest people die in a long-term care facility. The lack of nationally representative empirical data, either demographic or clinical, about people who die in long-term care facilities makes appropriate policy responses more difficult. Additionally, there is a lack of comparable cross-country data; the opportunity to compare and contrast data internationally would allow for a better understanding of both common issues and country-specific challenges and could help generate hypotheses about different options regarding policy, health care organization and provision. The objectives of this study are to describe the demographic, facility stay and clinical characteristics of residents dying in long-term care facilities and the differences between countries., Methods: Epidemiological study (2015) in a proportionally stratified random sample of 322 facilities in Belgium, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and England. The final sample included 1384 deceased residents. The sampled facilities received a letter introducing the project and asking for voluntary participation. Facility manager, nursing staff member and treating physician completed structured questionnaires for all deaths in the preceding 3 months., Results: Of 1384 residents the average age at death ranged from 81 (Poland) to 87 (Belgium, England) (p < 0.001) and length of stay from 6 months (Poland, Italy) to 2 years (Belgium) (p < 0.05); 47% (the Netherlands) to 74% (Italy) had more than two morbidities and 60% (England) to 83% (Finland) dementia, with a significant difference between countries (p < 0.001). Italy and Poland had the highest percentages with poor functional and cognitive status 1 month before death (BANS-S score of 21.8 and 21.9 respectively). Clinical complications occurred often during the final month (51.9% England, 66.4% Finland and Poland)., Conclusions: The population dying in long-term care facilities is complex, displaying multiple diseases with cognitive and functional impairment and high levels of dementia. We recommend future policy should include integration of high-quality palliative and dementia care.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Correction: Technical-efficiency analysis of end-of-life care in long-term care facilities within Europe: A cross-sectional study of deceased residents in 6 EU countries (PACE).
- Author
-
Wichmann AB, Adang EMM, Vissers KCP, Szczerbińska K, Kylänen M, Payne S, Gambassi G, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Smets T, Van den Block L, Deliens L, Vernooij-Dassen MJFJ, and Engels Y
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204120.].
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. The palliative care knowledge of nursing home staff: The EU FP7 PACE cross-sectional survey in 322 nursing homes in six European countries.
- Author
-
Smets T, Pivodic L, Piers R, Pasman HRW, Engels Y, Szczerbińska K, Kylänen M, Gambassi G, Payne S, Deliens L, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Needs Assessment, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Nursing Homes, Nursing Staff education, Palliative Care
- Abstract
Background: The provision of high-quality palliative care in nursing homes (NHs) is a major challenge and places demands on the knowledge and skills of the staff., Aim: This study assesses the palliative care knowledge of staff in NHs in Europe., Design: Cross-sectional study using structured survey Setting/participants: Nurses and care assistants working in 322 representative samples of NHs in Belgium, the Netherlands, England, Finland, Poland and Italy. Palliative care knowledge is measured with the Palliative Care Survey. Scores on the scales range between 0 and 1; higher scores indicate more knowledge., Results: A total of 3392 NH-staff were given a questionnaire, and 2275 responded (67%). Knowledge of basic palliative care issues ranged between 0.20 in Poland (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19; 0.24) and 0.61 in Belgium (95% CI 0.59; 0.63), knowledge of physical aspects that can contribute to pain ranged between 0.81 in Poland (95% CI 0.79; 0.84) and 0.91 in the Netherlands (95% CI 0.89; 0.93), and knowledge of psychological reasons that can contribute to pain ranged between 0.56 in England (95% CI 0.50; 0.62) and 0.87 in Finland (95% CI 0.83; 0.90). Factors associated with knowledge were country, professional role and having undertaken formal training in palliative care., Conclusions: Knowledge of nurses and care assistants concerning basic palliative care issues appears to be suboptimal in all participating countries, although there is substantial heterogeneity. Education of nursing staff needs to be improved across, but each country may require its own strategy to address the unique and specific knowledge gaps.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Technical-efficiency analysis of end-of-life care in long-term care facilities within Europe: A cross-sectional study of deceased residents in 6 EU countries (PACE).
- Author
-
Wichmann AB, Adang EMM, Vissers KCP, Szczerbińska K, Kylänen M, Payne S, Gambassi G, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Smets T, Van den Block L, Deliens L, Vernooij-Dassen MJFJ, and Engels Y
- Subjects
- Bias, Cross-Sectional Studies, Europe, Humans, Regression Analysis, European Union, Long-Term Care, Terminal Care
- Abstract
Background: An ageing population in the EU leads to a higher need of long-term institutional care at the end of life. At the same time, healthcare costs rise while resources remain limited. Consequently, an urgency to extend our knowledge on factors affecting efficiency of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) arises. This study aims to investigate and explain variation in technical efficiency of end-of-life care within and between LTCFs of six EU countries: Belgium (Flanders), England, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. In this study, technical efficiency reflects the LTCFs' ability to obtain maximal quality of life (QoL) and quality of dying (QoD) for residents from a given set of resource inputs (personnel and capacity)., Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected by means of questionnaires on deceased residents identified by LTCFs over a three-month period. An output-oriented data-envelopment analysis (DEA) was performed, producing efficiency scores, incorporating personnel and capacity as input and QoL and QoD as output. Scenario analysis was conducted. Regression analysis was performed on explanatory (country, LTCF type, ownership, availability of palliative care and opioids) and case mix (disease severity) variables., Results: 133 LTCFs of only one type (onsite nurses and offsite GPs) were considered in order to reduce heterogeneity. Variation in LTCF efficiency was found across as well as within countries. This variation was not explained by country, ownership, availability of palliative care or opioids. However, in the 'hands-on care at the bedside' scenario, i.e. only taking into account nursing and care assistants as input, Poland (p = 0.00) and Finland (p = 0.04) seemed to be most efficient., Conclusions: Efficiency of LTCFs differed extensively across as well as within countries, indicating room for considerable efficiency improvement. Our findings should be interpreted cautiously, as comprehensive comparative EU-wide research is challenging as it is influenced by many factors., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Integrating palliative care in long-term care facilities across Europe (PACE): protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial of the 'PACE Steps to Success' intervention in seven countries.
- Author
-
Smets T, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BBD, Miranda R, Pivodic L, Tanghe M, van Hout H, Pasman RHRW, Oosterveld-Vlug M, Piers R, Van Den Noortgate N, Wichmann AB, Engels Y, Vernooij-Dassen M, Hockley J, Froggatt K, Payne S, Szczerbińska K, Kylänen M, Leppäaho S, Barańska I, Gambassi G, Pautex S, Bassal C, Deliens L, and Van den Block L
- Subjects
- Belgium, Delivery of Health Care standards, England, Finland, Humans, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Quality Improvement standards, Surveys and Questionnaires, Switzerland, Palliative Care methods, Skilled Nursing Facilities standards, Skilled Nursing Facilities trends
- Abstract
Background: Several studies have highlighted the need for improvement in palliative care delivered to older people long-term care facilities. However, the available evidence on how to improve palliative care in these settings is weak, especially in Europe. We describe the protocol of the PACE trial aimed to 1) evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the 'PACE Steps to Success' palliative care intervention for older people in long-term care facilities, and 2) assess the implementation process and identify facilitators and barriers for implementation in different countries., Methods: We will conduct a multi-facility cluster randomised controlled trial in Belgium, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland and England. In total, 72 facilities will be randomized to receive the 'Pace Steps to Success intervention' or to 'care as usual'. Primary outcome at resident level: quality of dying (CAD-EOLD); and at staff level: staff knowledge of palliative care (Palliative Care Survey)., Secondary Outcomes: resident's quality of end-of-life care, staff self-efficacy, self-perceived educational needs, and opinions on palliative care. Economic outcomes: direct costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Measurements are performed at baseline and after the intervention. For the resident-level outcomes, facilities report all deaths of residents in and outside the facilities over a previous four-month period and structured questionnaires are sent to (1) the administrator, (2) staff member most involved in care (3) treating general practitioner, and (4) a relative. For the staff-level outcomes, all staff who are working in the facilities are asked to complete a structured questionnaire. A process evaluation will run alongside the effectiveness evaluation in the intervention group using the RE-AIM framework., Discussion: The lack of high quality trials in palliative care has been recognized throughout the field of palliative care research. This cross-national cluster RCT designed to evaluate the impact of the palliative care intervention for long-term care facilities 'PACE Steps to Success' in seven countries, will provide important evidence concerning the effectiveness as well as the preconditions for optimal implementation of palliative care in nursing homes, and this within different health care systems., Trial Registration: The study is registered at www.isrctn.com - ISRCTN14741671 (FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1 603111) Registration date: July 30, 2015.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Transfer of patients from health care centres to special care services: analysis of travel distances in Nordic countries.
- Author
-
Vuori J, Kylänen M, and Tritter J
- Subjects
- Finland, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Norway, Referral and Consultation statistics & numerical data, Sweden, Medicine, Transportation of Patients statistics & numerical data, Travel
- Abstract
Objectives: This paper highlights the importance of analysing patient transportation in Nordic circumpolar areas. The research questions we asked are as follows: How many Finnish patients have been transferred to special care intra-country and inter-country in 2009? Does it make any difference to health care policymakers if patients are transferred inter-country?, Study Design: We analysed the differences in distances from health care centres to special care services within Finland, Sweden and Norway and considered the health care policy implications., Methods: An analysis of the time required to drive between service providers using the "Google distance meter" (http://maps.google.com/); conducting interviews with key Finnish stakeholders; and undertaking a quantitative analyses of referral data from the Lapland Hospital District., Results: Finnish patients are generally not transferred for health care services across national borders even if the distances are shorter., Conclusion: Finnish patients have limited access to health care services in circumpolar areas across the Nordic countries for 2 reasons. First, health professionals in Norway and Sweden do not speak Finnish, which presents a language problem. Second, the Social Insurance Institution of Finland does not cover the expenditures of travel or the costs of medicine. In addition, it seems that in circumpolar areas the density of Finnish service providers is greater than Swedish ones, causing many Swedish citizens to transfer to Finnish health care providers every year. However, future research is needed to determine the precise reasons for this.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.