247 results on '"Kyoung Ah, Kang"'
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2. Korean Red Ginseng Attenuates Particulate Matter-Induced Senescence of Skin Keratinocytes
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Joo Mi Yi, and Jin Won Hyun
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fine particulate matter ,skin cellular senescence ,Korean red ginseng ,epigenetic alteration ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Skin is a direct target of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), as it is constantly exposed. Herein, we investigate whether Korean red ginseng (KRG) can inhibit PM2.5-induced senescence in skin keratinocytes. PM2.5-treated human keratinocyte cell lines and normal human epidermal keratinocytes showed characteristics of cellular senescence, including flat and enlarged forms; however, KRG suppressed them in both cell types. Moreover, while cells exposed to PM2.5 showed a higher level of p16INK4A expression (a senescence inducer), KRG inhibited its expression. Epigenetically, KRG decreased the expression of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzyme, a DNA demethylase induced by PM2.5, and increased the expression of DNA methyltransferases suppressed by PM2.5, resulting in the decreased methylation of the p16INK4A promoter region. Additionally, KRG decreased the expression of mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1), a histone methyltransferase, and histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1) induced by PM2.5. Contrastingly, KRG increased the expression of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2, a histone methyltransferase, and histone deacetyltransferase 1 reduced by PM2.5. Furthermore, KRG decreased TET1, MLL1, and HAT1 binding to the p16INK4A promoter, corresponding with the decreased mRNA expression of p16INK4A. These results suggest that KRG exerts protection against the PM2.5-induced senescence of skin keratinocytes via the epigenetic regulation of p16INK4A.
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- 2023
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3. 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Protects Keratinocytes from Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Damages
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Ao-Xuan Zhen, Mei-Jing Piao, Kyoung-Ah Kang, Pincha-Devage-Sameera-Madushan Fernando, Herath-Mudiyanselage-Udari-Lakmini Herath, Suk-Ju Cho, and Jin-Won Hyun
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particulate matter 2.5 ,3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde ,reactive oxygen species ,skin damage ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Cellular senescence can be activated by several stimuli, including ultraviolet radiation and air pollutants. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of marine algae compound 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3-BDB) on particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)-induced skin cell damage in vitro and in vivo. The human HaCaT keratinocyte was pre-treated with 3-BDB and then with PM2.5. PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, apoptotic protein expression, and cellular senescence were measured using confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and Western blot. The present study exhibited PM2.5-generated ROS, DNA damage, inflammation, and senescence. However, 3-BDB ameliorated PM2.5-induced ROS generation, mitochondria dysfunction, and DNA damage. Furthermore, 3-BDB reversed the PM2.5-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, reduced cellular inflammation, and mitigated cellular senescence in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and activator protein 1 activated by PM2.5 were inhibited by 3-BDB. Thus, 3-BDB suppressed skin damage induced by PM2.5.
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- 2023
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4. Protective effect of 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde against PM2.5-induced cell cycle arrest and autophagy in keratinocytes.
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Herath, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Fernando, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan, and Jin Won Hyun
- Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM
2.5 ) poses a serious threat to human health and is responsible for respiratory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and skin disorders. 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3-BDB), abundant in marine red algae, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. In this study, we investigated the protective mechanisms of 3-BDB against PM2.5 -induced cell cycle arrest and autophagy in human keratinocytes. Intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, intracellular Ca2+ level, and autophagy activation were tested. 3-BDB was found to restore cell proliferation and viability which were reduced by PM2.5 . Furthermore, 3-BDB reduced PM2.5 - induced reactive oxygen species levels, DNA damage, and attenuated cell cycle arrest. Moreover, 3-BDB ameliorated the PM2.5 -induced increases in cellular Ca2+ level and autophagy activation. While PM2.5 treatment reduced cell growth and viability, these were restored by the treatment with the autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 or 3-BDB. The findings indicate that 3-BDB ameliorates skin cell death caused by PM2.5 via inhibiting cell cycle arrest and autophagy. Hence, 3-BDB can be exploited as a preventive/therapeutic agent for PM2.5 -induced skin impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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5. Hesperidin Protects SH−SY5Y Neuronal Cells against High Glucose−Induced Apoptosis via Regulation of MAPK Signaling
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Chaemoon Lim, Ao Xuan Zhen, Sungwoo Ok, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, and Jin Won Hyun
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hesperidin ,glucose ,SH−SY5Y neuronal cell ,oxidative stress ,apoptosis ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with neuronal cell death through apoptosis. Apoptosis is tightly associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and high glucose levels contribute to higher oxidative stress in diabetic patients. Hesperidin, a natural active compound, has been reported to scavenge free radicals. Only a few studies have explored the protective effects of hesperidin against high glucose−induced apoptosis in SH−SY5Y neuronal cells. Glucose stimulated neuronal cells to generate excessive ROS and caused DNA damage. In addition, glucose triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress and upregulated cytoplasmic as well as mitochondrial calcium levels. Hesperidin inhibited glucose−induced ROS production and mitigated the associated DNA damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The downregulation of antiapoptotic protein Bcl−2 following glucose treatment was reversed by a hesperidin treatment. Furthermore, hesperidin repressed the glucose−induced Bcl−2−associated X protein, cleaved caspase−9, and cleaved caspase−3. Hesperidin also suppressed the glucose−induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal−regulated kinase and c−Jun N−terminal kinase. The current results confirmed that hesperidin could protect neuronal cells against glucose−induced ROS. Mechanistically, hesperidin was shown to promote cell viability via attenuation of the mitogen−activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
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- 2022
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6. Anticolon Cancer Effect of Korean Red Ginseng via Autophagy- and Apoptosis-Mediated Cell Death
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Cheng Wen Yao, Mei Jing Piao, Ao Xuan Zhen, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Seung Eun Song, Suk Ju Cho, and Jin Won Hyun
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Korean red ginseng ,colon cancer ,autophagy ,apoptosis ,anticancer effect ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) has been used in East Asian traditional medicine for a long time. Korean red ginseng (KRG) is effective against several disorders, including cancer. The cytotoxic effects of KRG extract in terms of autophagy- and apoptosis-mediated cell death and its mechanisms were investigated using human colorectal cancer lines. KRG induced autophagy-mediated cell death with enhanced expression of Atg5, Beclin-1, and LC3, and formed characteristic vacuoles in HCT-116 and SNU-1033 cells. An autophagy inhibitor prevented cell death induced by KRG. KRG generated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS); antioxidant countered this effect and decreased autophagy. KRG caused apoptotic cell death by increasing apoptotic cells and sub-G1 cells, and by activating caspases. A caspase inhibitor suppressed cell death induced by KRG. KRG increased phospho-Bcl-2 expression, but decreased Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, interaction of Bcl-2 with Beclin-1 was attenuated by KRG. Ginsenoside Rg2 was the most effective ginsenoside responsible for KRG-induced autophagy- and apoptosis-mediated cell death. KRG induced autophagy- and apoptosis-mediated cell death via mitochondrial ROS generation, and thus its administration may inhibit colon carcinogenesis.
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- 2022
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7. Protective Effect of Fermented Sea Tangle Extract on Skin Cell Damage Caused by Particulate Matter.
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Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Madushan Fernando, Pincha Devage Sameera, Lakmini Herath, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari, Young Sang Koh, Hee Kyoung Kang, Yung Hyun Choi, and Jin Won Hyun
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- 2024
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8. Rosmarinic Acid Protects Skin Keratinocytes from Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Apoptosis.
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Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, and Jin Won Hyun
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- 2024
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9. Luteolin promotes apoptotic cell death via upregulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA demethylase and the interaction of Nrf2 with p53 in human colon cancer cells
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, Yu Jae Hyun, Ao Xuan Zhen, Suk Ju Cho, Mee Jung Ahn, Joo Mi Yi, and Jin Won Hyun
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Medicine ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Cancer: Cell-killing plant compound exerts antioxidant effects A molecule found in fruits, vegetables and herbs helps kill colon cancer cells by activating a master regulator of detoxifying enzymes. Jin Won Hyun from Jeju National University School of Medicine in South Korea and colleagues treated human colon cancer cells with luteolin, a molecule that occurs naturally in many food plants. They showed that luteolin increased the levels of proteins involved in cell death and antioxidant responses by causing DNA-modifying enzymes to strip suppressive chemical markers off the gene encoding Nrf2, a protein that regulates antioxidant effects. Nrf2 levels subsequently increased and the protein interacted with the tumor suppressor p53 to facilitate destruction of the colon cancer cells. The findings offer a mechanistic basis for using luteolin to help prevent and treat cancer.
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- 2019
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10. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid protects human keratinocytes against environmental oxidative damage
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Yu Jae Hyun, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Yea Seong Ryu, Ao Xuan Zhen, Suk Ju Cho, Hee Kyoung Kang, Young Sang Koh, Mee Jung Ahn, Tae Hoon Kim, and Jin Won Hyun
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3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid ,Antioxidant ,ROS ,Human keratinocyte ,UVB ,PM2.5 ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Skin is exposed to several harmful environmental effects including ultraviolet B (UVB) and air pollution, the most harmful component of which is particulate matter (PM). Damaging effects of UVB and PM include the generation of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, DNA damage, and apoptosis. A compound with the potential to protect the skin against environmental oxidative damage is 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (DQA), an antioxidant found in plant matter, including the coffee bean. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of DQA against UVB- and PM-induced oxidative cell damage in cultured human keratinocytes (HaCaT). We demonstrated that UVB, and PM with a diameter
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- 2019
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11. Hesperidin Protects Human HaCaT Keratinocytes from Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Apoptosis via the Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Autophagy
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Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Hee Kyoung Kang, Yung Hyun Choi, and Jin Won Hyun
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hesperidin ,particulate matter 2.5 ,human keratinocyte ,autophagy ,apoptosis ,mitogen-activated protein kinase ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies have reported that particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) causes skin aging and skin inflammation and impairs skin homeostasis. Hesperidin, a bioflavonoid that is abundant in citrus species, reportedly has anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the cytoprotective effect of hesperidin against PM2.5-mediated damage in a human skin cell line (HaCaT). Hesperidin reduced PM2.5-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative cellular/organelle damage. PM2.5 increased the proportion of acridine orange-positive cells, levels of autophagy-related proteins, beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3, and apoptosis-related proteins, B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9. However, hesperidin ameliorated PM2.5-induced autophagy and apoptosis. PM2.5 promoted cellular apoptosis via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation by promoting the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38. The MAPK inhibitors U0126, SP600125, and SB203580 along with hesperidin exerted a protective effect against PM2.5-induced cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, hesperidin restored PM2.5-mediated reduction in cell viability via Akt activation; this was also confirmed using LY294002 (a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor). Overall, hesperidin shows therapeutic potential against PM2.5-induced skin damage by mitigating excessive ROS accumulation, autophagy, and apoptosis.
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- 2022
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12. Hesperidin Exhibits Protective Effects against PM2.5-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Cellular Senescence in Human HaCaT Keratinocytes
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Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Hee Kyoung Kang, Joo Mi Yi, and Jin Won Hyun
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hesperidin ,PM2.5 ,cell cycle arrest ,senescence ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure can trigger adverse health outcomes in the human skin, such as skin aging, wrinkles, pigment spots, and atopic dermatitis. PM2.5 is associated with mitochondrial damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hesperidin is a bioflavonoid that exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to determine the mechanism underlying the protective effect of hesperidin on human HaCaT keratinocytes against PM2.5-induced mitochondrial damage, cell cycle arrest, and cellular senescence. Human HaCaT keratinocytes were pre-treated with hesperidin and then treated with PM2.5. Hesperidin attenuated PM2.5-induced mitochondrial and DNA damage, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and SA-βGal activity, the protein levels of cell cycle regulators, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Moreover, treatment with a specific c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, SP600125, along with hesperidin markedly restored PM2.5-induced cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence. In addition, hesperidin significantly reduced the activation of MMPs, including MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9, by inhibiting the activation of activator protein 1. In conclusion, hesperidin ameliorates PM2.5-induced mitochondrial damage, cell cycle arrest, and cellular senescence in human HaCaT keratinocytes via the ROS/JNK pathway.
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- 2022
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13. Non-thermal dielectric-barrier discharge plasma induces reactive oxygen species by epigenetically modifying the expression of NADPH oxidase family genes in keratinocytes
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, Sangheum Eom, Sung-Young Yoon, Seungmin Ryu, Seong Bong Kim, Joo Mi Yi, and Jin Won Hyun
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Dielectric-barrier discharge plasma ,NOX family ,Reactive oxygen species ,DNA methylation ,Histone modification ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
We have previously shown that non-thermal dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) plasma induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells; however, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. This study aimed to identify the mechanisms through which DBD plasma induces the expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) family members by epigenetic modification in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Cell exposure to DBD plasma in 10% oxygen and 90% argon resulted in the generation of ROS, triggering oxidative stress that manifested in various forms, including lipid membrane peroxidation, DNA base modification, and protein carbonylation. DBD plasma upregulated the expression of NOX1, NOX5, and DUOX2 at the mRNA and protein levels; and siRNAs targeting NOX1, NOX5, and DUOX2 attenuated the generation of DBD plasma-induced ROS. DBD plasma upregulated the transcriptional activators TET1, MLL1, and HAT1 and downregulated the transcriptional repressors DNMT1, EZH2, and HDAC1. Additionally, DBD plasma increased the binding of transcriptional activators and decreased the binding of transcriptional repressors to the DUOX2 promoter. Methyl-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite sequencing indicated that DBD plasma decreased methylation at the DUOX2 promoter. These results suggest that DBD plasma induces ROS generation by enhancing the expression of the NOX system through epigenetic DNA and histone modifications.
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- 2020
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14. Mackerel-derived fermented fish oil protects skin against UVB-induced cellular damage by inhibiting oxidative stress
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Jeong Eon Park, Yu Jae Hyun, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Yea Seong Ryu, Kristina Shilnikova, Ao Xuan Zhen, Mee Jung Ahn, Yong Seok Ahn, Young Sang Koh, Hee Kyoung Kang, and Jin Won Hyun
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Fermented fish oil ,Oxidative stress ,Skin damage ,UVB ,Cytoprotection ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of mackerel-derived fermented fish oil (FFO) against UVB radiation-induced oxidative stress in human HaCaT keratinocytes and mouse skin tissue. FFO treatment scavenged UVB-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species and attenuated oxidative modifications including lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and DNA damage. FFO treatment reduced UVB-induced apoptosis by reducing DNA fragmentation, caspase activation, and proapoptotic protein expression. UVB radiation activated phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase, phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and phospho-p38, whereas their specific inhibitors with FFO treatment abrogated the cell viability and apoptosis increased by UVB irradiation. FFO was more cytoprotective than docosahexaenoic acid, the main component of fish oil, against UVB exposure. Furthermore, the cytoprotective effect of FFO was evident in both UVB-exposed HaCaT cell and mouse models. Overall, these results demonstrate that FFO protects the skin against UVB-induced oxidative stress through antioxidant effects. FFO has the potential for development as a functional food against UVB-induced skin damage.
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- 2018
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15. DUOX2-mediated production of reactive oxygen species induces epithelial mesenchymal transition in 5-fluorouracil resistant human colon cancer cells
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Yea Seong Ryu, Mei Jing Piao, Kristina Shilnikova, Hee Kyoung Kang, Joo Mi Yi, Mathias Boulanger, Rosa Paolillo, Guillaume Bossis, Sung Young Yoon, Seong Bong Kim, and Jin Won Hyun
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The therapeutic benefits offered by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are limited because of the acquisition of drug resistance, the main cause of treatment failure and metastasis. The ability of the cancer cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes significantly to cancer metastatic potential and chemo-resistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of 5-FU-resistance have remained elusive. Here, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2), promote 5-FU-induced EMT. First, we showed that 5-FU–resistant SNUC5 colon cancer cells (SNUC5/FUR cells) undergo EMT by analyzing the expression of EMT markers such as N-cadherin, vimentin and E-cadherin. In addition, we found that the resistant cells expressed higher levels of Snail, Slug, Twist and Zeb1, which are all critical EMT regulators and had enhanced migratory and invasive capabilities. Furthermore, SNUC5/FUR cells had increased level of DUOX2, resulting in increased ROS level. This effect was due to the enhanced binding of the ten eleven translocation 1 (TET1) demethylase to the DUOX2 promoter in the SNUC5/FUR cells. Importantly, silencing of TET1 reversed the effects of 5-FU on the cells. Finally, the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine attenuated the effects of 5-FU on EMT and metastasis. Our study demonstrates the existence of a TET1/DUOX2/ROS/EMT axis that could play a role in colon cancer chemo-resistance and the aggressiveness of this cancer. Keywords: 5-FU resistance, DNA demethylase, DUOX2, Epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Metastasis
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- 2018
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16. 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Protects Keratinocytes from Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Damages
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Hyun, Ao-Xuan Zhen, Mei-Jing Piao, Kyoung-Ah Kang, Pincha-Devage-Sameera-Madushan Fernando, Herath-Mudiyanselage-Udari-Lakmini Herath, Suk-Ju Cho, and Jin-Won
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particulate matter 2.5 ,3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde ,reactive oxygen species ,skin damage - Abstract
Cellular senescence can be activated by several stimuli, including ultraviolet radiation and air pollutants. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of marine algae compound 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3-BDB) on particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)-induced skin cell damage in vitro and in vivo. The human HaCaT keratinocyte was pre-treated with 3-BDB and then with PM2.5. PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, apoptotic protein expression, and cellular senescence were measured using confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and Western blot. The present study exhibited PM2.5-generated ROS, DNA damage, inflammation, and senescence. However, 3-BDB ameliorated PM2.5-induced ROS generation, mitochondria dysfunction, and DNA damage. Furthermore, 3-BDB reversed the PM2.5-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, reduced cellular inflammation, and mitigated cellular senescence in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and activator protein 1 activated by PM2.5 were inhibited by 3-BDB. Thus, 3-BDB suppressed skin damage induced by PM2.5.
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- 2023
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17. Comparative Study of Autophagy in Oxaliplatin-Sensitive and Resistant SNU-C5 Colon Cancer Cells
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Sun-Jin, Boo, Mei Jing, Piao, Kyoung Ah, Kang, Ao Xuan, Zhen, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan, Fernando, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini, Herath, Seung Joo, Lee, Seung Eun, Song, and Jin Won, Hyun
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Pharmacology ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Few studies have evaluated the role of autophagy in the development of oxaliplatin (OXT) resistance in colon cancer cells. In this study, we compared the role of autophagy between SNU-C5 colon cancer cells and OXT-resistant SNU-C5 (SNU-C5/OXTR) cells. At the same concentration of OXT, the cytotoxicity of OXT or apoptosis was significantly reduced in SNU-C5/OXTR cells compared with that in SNU-C5 cells. Compared with SNU-C5 cells, SNU-C5/OXTR cells exhibited low levels of autophagy. The expression level of important autophagy proteins, such as autophagy-related protein 5 (Atg5), beclin-1, Atg7, microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B I (LC3-I), and LC3-II, was significantly lower in SNU-C5/OXTR cells than that in SNU-C5 cells. The expression level of the autophagy-essential protein p62 was also lower in SNU-C5/OXTR cells than in SNU-C5 cells. In SNUC5/ OXTR cells, the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly higher than that in SNU-C5 cells, and treatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine restored the reduced autophagy levels. Furthermore, the expression of antioxidant-related nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 transcription factor, heme oxygenase-1, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase were also significantly increased in SNU-C5/OXTR cells. These findings suggest that autophagy is significantly reduced in SNU-C5/OXTR cells compared with SNU-C5 cells, which may be related to the production of ROS in OXT-resistant cells.
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- 2022
18. The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Mediates Shikonin-Induced Apoptosis of 5-Fluorouracil-Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells
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Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Kyoung Ah Kang, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Xia Han, Mei Jing Piao, and Jin Won Hyun
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Pharmacology ,Colorectal cancer ,Kinase ,Chemistry ,Endoplasmic reticulum ,CHOP ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Apoptosis ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Unfolded protein response ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,DNA fragmentation ,Cytotoxic T cell - Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is a significant problem in the treatment of colorectal cancer, resulting in low response rates and decreased survival. Recent studies have shown that shikonin, a naphthoquinone derivative, promotes apoptosis in colon cancer cells and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cells, raising the possibility that this compound may be effective in drug-resistant colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanisms underpinning shikonin-induced apoptosis, with a focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, in a 5-fluorouracil-resistant colorectal cancer cell line, SNU-C5/5-FUR. Our results showed that shikonin significantly increased the proportion of sub-G1 cells and DNA fragmentation and that shikonin-induced apoptosis is mediated by mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation. Shikonin treatment also increased the expression of ER-related proteins, such as glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), phospho-protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), phospho-phosphoinositol-requiring protein-1 (IRE1), spliced X-box-binding protein-1 (XBP-1), cleaved caspase-12, and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP). In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown of CHOP attenuated shikonininduced apoptosis, as did the ER stress inhibitor TUDCA. These data suggest that ER stress is a key factor mediating the cytotoxic effect of shikonin in SNU-C5/5-FUR cells. Our findings provide an evidence for a mechanism in which ER stress leads to apoptosis in shikonin-treated SNU-C5/5-FUR cells. Our study provides evidence to support further investigations on shikonin as a therapeutic option for 5-fluorouracil-resistant colorectal cancer.
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- 2022
19. Particulate matter induces inflammatory cytokine production via activation of NFκB by TLR5-NOX4-ROS signaling in human skin keratinocyte and mouse skin
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Yea Seong Ryu, Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, Mee Jung Ahn, Joo Mi Yi, Young-Min Hyun, Seo Hyeong Kim, Min Kyung Ko, Chang Ook Park, and Jin Won Hyun
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) increases levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but its effects on the skin remain largely unknown. We investigated the signal transduction pathway and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlying cellular inflammation induced by PM with a diameter of ≤ 2.5 (PM2.5) in vitro and in vivo. PM2.5-treated skin keratinocytes produced various inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6. The binding of PM2.5 to TLR5 initiated intracellular signaling through MyD88, and led to the translocation of NFκB to the nucleus, where it bound the NFκB site within IL-6 promoter. Furthermore, PM2.5 induced a direct interaction between TLR5 and NOX4, and in turn induced the production of ROS and activated NFκB-IL-6 downstream, which was prevented by siRNA-mediated knockdown of NOX4 or antioxidant treatment. Furthermore, expression of TLR5, MyD88, NOX4, phospho-NFκB, and IL-6 was increased in skin tissue of PM2.5-treated flaky tail mice. PM2.5-induced increased transcription of IL-6 was regulated via DNA methylation and histone methylation by epigenetic modification; the binding of DNA demethylase and histone methyltransferase to the IL-6 promoter regions resulted in increased IL-6 mRNA expression. Our findings provide deep insight into the pathogenesis of PM2.5 exposure and can be used as a therapeutic strategy to treat inflammatory skin diseases caused by PM2.5 exposure. Keywords: Particulate matter, Interleukin-6, Reactive oxygen species, Toll like receptor, Epigenetic modification
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- 2019
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20. Natural Compound Shikonin Induces Apoptosis and Attenuates Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Radiation-Resistant Human Colon Cancer Cells
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Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Jin Won Hyun, Suk Ju Cho, Kristina Shilnikova, Kyoung Ah Kang, and Mei Jing Piao
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Pharmacology ,biology ,Chemistry ,Kinase ,Cytochrome c ,Mitochondrion ,Apoptotic body ,Biochemistry ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Apoptosis ,Drug Discovery ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Epithelial–mesenchymal transition - Abstract
Radiation resistance represents an imperative obstacle in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer, which remains difficult to overcome. Here, we explored the anti-proliferative and migration-inhibiting properties of the natural product shikonin on a radiation- resistant human colon carcinoma cell line (SNU-C5RR). Shikonin reduced the viability of these cells in a dose-dependent manner; 38 μM of shikonin was determined as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration. Shikonin induced apoptotic cell death, as demonstrated by increased apoptotic body formation and the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Moreover, shikonin enhanced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and Bax expression and also decreased Bcl-2 expression with translocation of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol. In addition, shikonin activated mitogen-activated protein kinases, and their specific inhibitors reduced the cytotoxic effects of shikonin. Additionally, shikonin decreased the migration of SNU-C5RR cells via the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin. Taken together, these results suggest that shikonin induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in SNU-C5RR cells.
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- 2022
21. Protective Effect of Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol against Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced DNA Damage by Inducing the Nucleotide Excision Repair System in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes
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Mei Jing Piao, Susara Ruwan Kumara Madduma Hewage, Xia Han, Kyoung Ah Kang, Hee Kyoung Kang, Nam Ho Lee, and Jin Won Hyun
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diphlorethohydroxycarmalol ,ultraviolet B ,cyclobutane pyrimidine dimmers ,xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C ,excision repair cross-complementing 1 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
We investigated the protective properties of diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC), a phlorotannin, against ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) in HaCaT human keratinocytes. The nucleotide excision repair (NER) system is the pathway by which cells identify and repair bulky, helix-distorting DNA lesions such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced CPDs and 6-4 photoproducts. CPDs levels were elevated in UVB-exposed cells; however, this increase was reduced by DPHC. Expression levels of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) and excision repair cross-complementing 1 (ERCC1), which are essential components of the NER pathway, were induced in DPHC-treated cells. Expression of XPC and ERCC1 were reduced following UVB exposure, whereas DPHC treatment partially restored the levels of both proteins. DPHC also increased expression of transcription factor specificity protein 1 (SP1) and sirtuin 1, an up-regulator of XPC, in UVB-exposed cells. DPHC restored binding of the SP1 to the XPC promoter, which is reduced in UVB-exposed cells. These results indicate that DPHC can protect cells against UVB-induced DNA damage by inducing the NER system.
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- 2015
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22. Triphlorethol-A from Ecklonia cava Up-Regulates the Oxidant Sensitive 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase 1
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Ki Cheon Kim, In Kyung Lee, Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, Min Ju Ryu, Jeong Mi Kim, Nam Ho Lee, and Jin Won Hyun
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antioxidant response elements ,8-oxoguanine ,Nrf2 ,OGG1 ,Triphlorethol-A ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
This study investigated the protective mechanisms of triphlorethol-A, isolated from Ecklonia cava, against oxidative stress-induced DNA base damage, especially 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79-4 cells. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) plays an important role in the removal of 8-oxoG during the cellular response to DNA base damage. Triphlorethol-A significantly decreased the levels of 8-oxoG induced by H2O2, and this correlated with increases in OGG1 mRNA and OGG1 protein levels. Furthermore, siOGG1-transfected cell attenuated the protective effect of triphlorethol-A against H2O2 treatment. Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor for OGG1, and Nrf2 combines with small Maf proteins in the nucleus to bind to antioxidant response elements (ARE) in the upstream promoter region of the OGG1 gene. Triphlorethol-A restored the expression of nuclear Nrf2, small Maf protein, and the Nrf2-Maf complex, all of which were reduced by oxidative stress. Furthermore, triphlorethol-A increased Nrf2 binding to ARE sequences and the resulting OGG1 promoter activity, both of which were also reduced by oxidative stress. The levels of the phosphorylated forms of Akt kinase, downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and Erk, which are regulators of OGG1, were sharply decreased by oxidative stress, but these decreases were prevented by triphlorethol-A. Specific PI3K, Akt, and Erk inhibitors abolished the cytoprotective effects of triphlorethol-A, suggesting that OGG1 induction by triphlorethol-A involves the PI3K/Akt and Erk pathways. Taken together, these data indicate that by activating the DNA repair system, triphlorethol-A exerts protective effects against DNA base damage induced by oxidative stress.
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- 2014
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23. Particulate Matter 2.5 Mediates Cutaneous Cellular Injury by Inducing Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Protective Effects of Ginsenoside Rb1
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Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Mee Jung Ahn, Young Sang Koh, Hee Kyoung Kang, Joo Mi Yi, Yung Hyun Choi, and Jin Won Hyun
- Subjects
particulate matter 2.5 ,ginsenoside Rb1 ,endoplasmic reticulum stress ,oxidative stress ,apoptosis ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The prevalence of fine particulate matter-induced harm to the human body is increasing daily. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) induces damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts, and to evaluate the preventive capacity of the ginsenoside Rb1. PM2.5 induced oxidative stress by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species, leading to DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation; this effect was inhibited by ginsenoside Rb1. Through gene silencing of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes such as PERK, IRE1, ATF, and CHOP, and through the use of the ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), it was demonstrated that PM2.5-induced ER stress also causes apoptosis and ultimately leads to cell death; however, this phenomenon was reversed by ginsenoside Rb1. We also found that TUDCA partially restored the production of ATP that was inhibited by PM2.5, and its recovery ability was significantly higher than that of ginsenoside Rb1, indicating that the process of ER stress leading to cell damage may also occur via the mitochondrial pathway. We concluded that ER stress acts alone or via the mitochondrial pathway in the induction of cell damage by PM2.5, and that ginsenoside Rb1 blocks this process. Ginsenoside Rb1 shows potential for use in skin care products to protect the skin against damage by fine particles.
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- 2019
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24. Eckol Inhibits Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Skin Keratinocyte Damage via MAPK Signaling Pathway
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Ao Xuan Zhen, Yu Jae Hyun, Mei Jing Piao, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Kyoung Ah Kang, Mee Jung Ahn, Joo Mi Yi, Hee Kyoung Kang, Young Sang Koh, Nam Ho Lee, and Jin Won Hyun
- Subjects
phlorotannin ,particulate matter ,reactive oxygen species ,keratinocytes ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Toxicity of particulate matter (PM) towards the epidermis has been well established in many epidemiological studies. It is manifested in cancer, aging, and skin damage. In this study, we aimed to show the mechanism underlying the protective effects of eckol, a phlorotannin isolated from brown seaweed, on human HaCaT keratinocytes against PM2.5-induced cell damage. First, to elucidate the underlying mechanism of toxicity of PM2.5, we checked the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, which contributed significantly to cell damage. Experimental data indicate that excessive ROS caused damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA and induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, eckol (30 μM) decreased ROS generation, ensuring the stability of molecules, and maintaining a steady mitochondrial state. The western blot analysis showed that PM2.5 promoted apoptosis-related protein levels and activated MAPK signaling pathway, whereas eckol protected cells from apoptosis by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway. This was further reinforced by detailed investigations using MAPK inhibitors. Thus, our results demonstrated that inhibition of PM2.5-induced cell apoptosis by eckol was through MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, eckol could protect skin HaCaT cells from PM2.5-induced apoptosis via inhibiting ROS generation.
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- 2019
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25. Marine Compound 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Protects Skin Cells against Oxidative Damage via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
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Yea Seong Ryu, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, Ao Xuan Zhen, Hee Kyoung Kang, Young Sang Koh, and Jin Won Hyun
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keratinocytes ,3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde ,heme oxygenase-1 ,nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ,cytoprotection ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
In this study, we aimed to illustrate the potential bio-effects of 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3-BDB) on the antioxidant/cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in keratinocytes. The antioxidant effects of 3-BDB were examined via reverse transcription PCR, Western blotting, HO-1 activity assay, and immunocytochemistry. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis was performed to test for nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) binding to the antioxidant response element of the HO-1 promoter. Furthermore, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that the cytoprotective effects of 3-BDB were mediated by the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (PKB, Akt) signaling. Moreover, 3-BDB induced the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt, while inhibitors of ERK and Akt abrogated the 3-BDB-enhanced levels of HO-1 and Nrf2. Finally, 3-BDB protected cells from H2O2- and UVB-induced oxidative damage. This 3-BDB-mediated cytoprotection was suppressed by inhibitors of HO-1, ERK, and Akt. The present results indicate that 3-BDB activated Nrf2 signaling cascades in keratinocytes, which was mediated by ERK and Akt, upregulated HO-1, and induced cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress.
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- 2019
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26. Horse Oil Mitigates Oxidative Damage to Human HaCaT Keratinocytes Caused by Ultraviolet B Irradiation
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Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, Hee Kyoung Kang, Young Sang Koh, Bong Seok Kim, and Jin Won Hyun
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horse oil ,ultraviolet B radiation ,oxidative stress ,apoptosis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Horse oil products have been used in skin care for a long time in traditional medicine, but the biological effects of horse oil on the skin remain unclear. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of horse oil on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced oxidative stress in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Horse oil significantly reduced UVB-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species and intracellular oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Horse oil absorbed light in the UVB range of the electromagnetic spectrum and suppressed the generation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, a photoproduct of UVB irradiation. Western blotting showed that horse oil increased the UVB-induced Bcl-2/Bax ratio, inhibited mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and matrix metalloproteinase expression, and altered mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling-related proteins. These effects were conferred by increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and decreased phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2. Additionally, horse oil reduced UVB-induced binding of activator protein 1 to the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter site. These results indicate that horse oil protects human HaCaT keratinocytes from UVB-induced oxidative stress by absorbing UVB radiation and removing reactive oxygen species, thereby protecting cells from structural damage and preventing cell death and aging. In conclusion, horse oil is a potential skin protectant against skin damage involving oxidative stress.
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- 2019
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27. Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol Attenuates Fine Particulate Matter-Induced Subcellular Skin Dysfunction
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Ao Xuan Zhen, Mei Jing Piao, Yu Jae Hyun, Kyoung Ah Kang, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Suk Ju Cho, Mee Jung Ahn, and Jin Won Hyun
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diphlorethohydroxycarmalol ,human keratinocytes ,PM2.5 ,skin cell damage ,MAPK ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The skin, the largest organ in humans, is exposed to major sources of outdoor air pollution, such as fine particulate matter with a diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5). Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC), a marine-based compound, possesses multiple activities including antioxidant effect. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effect of DPHC on PM2.5-induced skin cell damage and elucidated the underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that DPHC blocked PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species generation in human keratinocytes. In addition, DPHC protected cells against PM2.5-induced DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy. HR-1 hairless mice exposed to PM2.5 showed lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and increased epidermal height, which were inhibited by DPHC. Moreover, PM2.5 induced apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) protein expression; however, these changes were attenuated by DPHC. MAPK inhibitors were used to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these actions, and the results demonstrated that MAPK signaling pathway may play a key role in PM2.5-induced skin damage.
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- 2019
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28. Effect of Fermented Fish Oil on Fine Particulate Matter-Induced Skin Aging
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Yu Jae Hyun, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Hee Kyoung Kang, Yong Seok Ahn, and Jin Won Hyun
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particulate matter ,matrix metalloproteinase ,fermented fish oil ,oxidative stress ,skin aging ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Skin is exposed to various harmful environmental factors such as air pollution, which includes different types of particulate matter (PM). Atmospheric PM has harmful effects on humans through increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been reported to promote skin aging via the induction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which in turn can cause the degradation of collagen. In this study, we investigated the effect of fermented fish oil (FFO) derived from mackerel on fine PM (particles with a diameter < 2.5 µm: PM2.5)-induced skin aging in human keratinocytes. We found that FFO inhibited the PM2.5-induced generation of intracellular ROS and MMPs, including MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9. In addition, FFO significantly abrogated the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels in PM2.5-treated cells and was also found to block the PM2.5-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase/activator protein 1 (MAPK/AP-1) pathway. In conclusion, FFO has an anti-aging effect on PM2.5-induced aging in human keratinocytes.
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- 2019
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29. Phloroglucinol Attenuates Ultraviolet B-Induced 8-Oxoguanine Formation in Human HaCaT Keratinocytes through Akt and ErkMediated Nrf2/Ogg1 Signaling Pathways
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Mei Jing Piao, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Kyoung Ah Kang, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Jin Won Hyun, and Ki Cheon Kim
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0301 basic medicine ,MAPK/ERK pathway ,Phloroglucinol ,8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Protein kinase B ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Pharmacology ,integumentary system ,NF-E2-related factor 2 ,8-Oxoguanine ,Cell biology ,HaCaT ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Molecular Medicine ,Phosphorylation ,Original Article ,Extracellular signal-regulated kinase ,Signal transduction ,Ultraviolet B ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation causes DNA base modifications. One of these changes leads to the generation of 8-oxoguanine (8- oxoG) due to oxidative stress. In human skin, this modification may induce sunburn, inflammation, and aging and may ultimately result in cancer. We investigated whether phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene), by enhancing the expression and activity of 8-oxoG DNA glycosylase 1 (Ogg1), had an effect on the capacity of UVB-exposed human HaCaT keratinocytes to repair oxidative DNA damage. Here, the effects of phloroglucinol were investigated using a luciferase activity assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions, western blot analysis, and a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Phloroglucinol restored Ogg1 activity and decreased the formation of 8-oxoG in UVB-exposed cells. Moreover, phloroglucinol increased Ogg1 transcription and protein expression, counteracting the UVB-induced reduction in Ogg1 levels. Phloroglucinol also enhanced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as well as Nrf2 binding to an antioxidant response element located in the Ogg1 gene promoter. UVB exposure inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB or Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), two major enzymes involved in cell protection against oxidative stress, regulating the activity of Nrf2. Akt and Erk phosphorylation was restored by phloroglucinol in the UVB-exposed keratinocytes. These results indicated that phloroglucinol attenuated UVB-induced 8-oxoG formation in keratinocytes via an Akt/Erk-dependent, Nrf2/Ogg1-mediated signaling pathway.
- Published
- 2021
30. Luteolin Triggered Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Rui Zhang, Mei Jing Piao, Ao Xuan Zhen, Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini Herath, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, and Jin Won Hyun
- Published
- 2022
31. Phloroglucinol Exerts Protective Effects Against Oxidative Stress–Induced Cell Damage in SH-SY5Y Cells
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Hee Soo Kim, Kihwan Lee, Kyoung Ah Kang, Nam Ho Lee, Jin Won Hyun, and Hye-Sun Kim
- Subjects
Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
In this study, we explored whether phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) exerts protective effects against oxidative stress–induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, a neuroblastoma cell line. The central nervous system is especially vulnerable to oxidative stress because the brain consumes large amounts of energy to perform its complicated functions, but contains a lower level of anti-oxidant enzymes compared with other peripheral tissues. In SH-SY5Y cultures, pretreatment with 10 μg/ml of phloroglucinol attenuates the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, when assessed with 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate dye, the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by hydrogen peroxide was significantly reduced by pretreatment with phloroglucinol. ROS is known to cause lipid peroxidation of the cell membranes, the carbonylation of intracellular proteins, and DNA damage, which can lead to various cellular dysfunctions and eventually cellular death. We found that pretreatment with phloroglucinol down-regulated the levels of 8- isoprostane, protein carbonylation, and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanine caused by hydrogen peroxide treatment in SH-SY5Y cells. These results indicate that phloroglucinol exerts protective effects against oxidative stress-induced cell damage in SH-SY5Y cells. Keywords:: brown algae, hydrogen peroxide, phloroglucinol, reactive oxygen species, SH-SY5Y cell
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- 2012
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32. Increased Glutathione Synthesis Following Nrf2 Activation by Vanadyl Sulfate in Human Chang Liver Cells
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Jin Won Hyun, Kyoung Ah Kang, Areum Daseul Kim, Ho Jin You, and Rui Zhang
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Jeju ground water ,vanadyl sulfate ,glutamate cysteine ligase ,human Chang liver cells ,erythroid transcription factor NF-E2 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Jeju ground water, containing vanadium compounds, was shown to increase glutathione (GSH) levels as determined by a colorimetric assay and confocal microscopy. To investigate whether the effects of Jeju ground water on GSH were specifically mediated by vanadium compounds, human Chang liver cells were incubated for 10 passages in media containing deionized distilled water (DDW), Jeju ground water (S1 and S3), and vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4). Vanadyl sulfate scavenged superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species. Vanadyl sulfate effectively increased cellular GSH level and up-regulated mRNA and protein expression of a catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCLC), which is involved in GSH synthesis. The induction of GCLC expression by vanadyl sulfate was found to be mediated by transcription factor erythroid transcription factor NF-E2 (Nrf2), which critically regulates GCLC by binding to the antioxidant response elements (AREs). Vanadyl sulfate treatment increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the accumulation of phosphorylated Nrf2. Extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) contributed to ARE-driven GCLC expression via Nrf2 activation. Vanadyl sulfate induced the expression of the active phospho form of ERK. Taken together, these results suggest that the increase in GSH level by Jeju ground water is, at least in part, due to the effects of vanadyl sulfate via the Nrf2-mediated induction of GCLC.
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- 2011
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33. Compound K, a Metabolite of Ginseng Saponin, Induces Mitochondria-Dependent and Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis via the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Colon Cancer Cells
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Jin Won Hyun, Weon Young Chang, Jae Hyuck Choi, Bum Joon Kim, Hee Sun Kim, Dong Hyun Kim, Ki Cheon Kim, Chae Moon Lim, Kyoung Ah Kang, and In Kyung Lee
- Subjects
Compound K ,reactive oxygen species ,mitochondrial membrane potential ,c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase ,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The objective of this study was to elucidate the cytotoxic mechanism of Compound K, with respect to the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mitochondrial involved apoptosis, in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Compound K exhibited a concentration of 50% growth inhibition (IC50) at 20 μg/mL and cytotoxicity in a time dependent manner. Compound K produced intracellular ROS in a time dependent fashion; however, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) pretreatment resulted in the inhibition of this effect and the recovery of cell viability. Compound K induced a mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway via the modulation of Bax and Bcl-2 expressions, resulting in the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). Loss of the Δψm was followed by cytochrome c release from the mitochondria, resulting in the activation of caspase-9, -3, and concomitant poly ADP-ribosyl polymerase (PARP) cleavage, which are the indicators of caspase-dependent apoptosis. The apoptotic effect of Compound K, exerted via the activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), was abrogated by specific MAPK inhibitors. This study demonstrated that Compound K-mediated generation of ROS led to apoptosis through the modulation of a mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway and MAPK pathway.
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- 2010
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34. Myricetin Protects Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis via Regulation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK Signaling Pathways
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Deokhoon Park, Jongsung Lee, Sam Sik Kang, Young Woo Kim, Ki Cheon Kim, Mei Jing Piao, Rui Zhang, Zhi Hong Wang, Kyoung Ah Kang, and Jin Won Hyun
- Subjects
myricetin ,cytoprotective effect ,oxidative stress ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Recently, we demonstrated that myricetin exhibits cytoprotective effects against H2O2-induced cell damage via its antioxidant properties. In the present study, myricetin was found to inhibit H2O2-induced apoptosis in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells, as shown by decreased apoptotic bodies, nuclear fragmentation, sub-G1 cell population, and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (Dym), which are increased in H2O2-treated cells. Western blot data showed that in H2O2-treated cells, myricetin increased the level of Bcl-2, which is an anti-apoptotic factor, and decreased the levels of Bax, active caspase-9 and -3, which are pro-apoptotic factors. And myricetin inhibited release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol in H2O2-treated cells. Myricetin-induced survival correlated with Akt activity, and the rescue of cells by myricetin treatment against H2O2-induced apoptosis was inhibited by the specific PI3K (phosphoinositol-3-kinase) inhibitor. Myricetin-mediated survival also inhibited the activation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are members of MAPK. Our studies suggest that myricetin prevents oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via regulation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.
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- 2010
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35. Particulate matter-induced senescence of skin keratinocytes involves oxidative stress-dependent epigenetic modifications
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Chang Ook Park, Jin Won Hyun, Yea Seong Ryu, Guillaume Bossis, Young-Min Hyun, Mee Jung Ahn, Joo Mi Yi, Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, bossis, guillaume, Jeju National University (KOREA), Inje University, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
- Subjects
Keratinocytes ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Clinical Biochemistry ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Histone methylation ,lcsh:QD415-436 ,DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Cellular Senescence ,Skin ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Chemistry ,EZH2 ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Histone methyltransferase ,Molecular Medicine ,Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein ,DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 ,Senescence ,complex mixtures ,Article ,lcsh:Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Histone H3 ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins ,[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,Animals ,Humans ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein ,Epigenetics ,Molecular Biology ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ,Cell Proliferation ,030304 developmental biology ,lcsh:R ,Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase ,DNA Methylation ,Oxidative Stress ,Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon ,13. Climate action ,biology.protein ,H3K4me3 ,Demethylase ,Particulate Matter ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
Ambient air particulate matter (PM) induces senescence in human skin cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. We investigated how epigenetic regulatory mechanisms participate in cellular senescence induced by PM with a diameter, Skin damage: counteracting the effects of air pollution Fine particulate matter in polluted air damages skin cells by increasing oxidative stress and the expression of a protein that stops cell division. Jin Won Hyun and colleagues at Jeju National University School of Medicine, South Korea, show that exposure to particulate matter emitted by diesel engines causes skin cell senescence. In previous studies, they reported that particulate matter exposure led to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study shows that ROS triggers changes in DNA and histone-modifying enzymes that remove suppressive chemical markers from the gene encoding a protein associated with senescence, p16INK4. Interestingly, treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reduced both oxidative stress and p16INK4 expression. These findings could guide the development of new skin-care products that prevent damage due to air pollution.
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- 2019
36. Niacinamide Protects Skin Cells from Oxidative Stress Induced by Particulate Matter
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Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Joo Mi Yi, Jin Won Hyun, Ao Xuan Zhen, Mei Jing Piao, Young Sang Koh, Hee Kyoung Kang, and Kyoung Ah Kang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Niacinamide ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,complex mixtures ,Human HaCaT keratinocyte ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Particulate matter 2.5 ,Cell damage ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Depolarization ,medicine.disease ,Cell biology ,HaCaT ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Apoptosis ,Oxidative stress ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Molecular Medicine ,Original Article - Abstract
Niacinamide (NIA) is a water-soluble vitamin that is widely used in the treatment of skin diseases. Moreover, NIA displays antioxidant effects and helps repair damaged DNA. Recent studies showed that particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing disruption of DNA, lipids, and proteins; mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptosis of skin keratinocytes. Here, we investigated the protective effects of NIA on PM2.5-induced oxidative stress in human HaCaT keratinocytes. We found that NIA could inhibit the ROS generation induced by PM2.5, as well blocked the PM2.5-induced oxidation of molecules, such as lipids, proteins, and DNA. Furthermore, NIA alleviated PM2.5-induced accumulation of cellular Ca2+, which caused cell membrane depolarization and apoptosis, and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. Collectively, the findings show that NIA can protect keratinocytes from PM2.5-induced oxidative stress and cell damage.
- Published
- 2019
37. Esculetin Prevents the Induction of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 by Hydrogen Peroxide in Skin Keratinocytes
- Author
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Mei Jing Piao, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Kyoung Ah Kang, Jin Won Hyun, Hee Kyoung Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, and Young Sang Koh
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Aging ,Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Esculetin ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,Calcium ,medicine.disease_cause ,Molecular biology ,Calcium in biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,HaCaT ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Matrix metalloproteinase-1 ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Original Article ,Oxidative stress ,Intracellular - Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in various cellular diseases. Excessive ROS can cause intracellular oxidative stress, resulting in a calcium imbalance and even aging. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of esculetin on oxidative stress-induced aging in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Methods Human keratinocytes were pretreated with esculetin for 30 minutes and treated with H2O2. Then, the protective effects on oxidative stress-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 were detected by Flou-4-AM staining, reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and quantitative fluorescence assay. Results Esculetin prevented H2O2-induced aging by inhibiting MMP-1 mRNA, protein, and activity levels. In addition, esculetin decreased abnormal levels of phospho-MEK1, phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-SEK1, phospho-JNK1/2, c-Fos, and phospho-c-Jun and inhibited activator protein 1 binding activity. Conclusions Esculetin prevented excessive levels of intracellular calcium and reduced the expression levels of aging-related proteins.
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- 2019
38. Luteolin promotes apoptotic cell death via upregulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA demethylase and the interaction of Nrf2 with p53 in human colon cancer cells
- Author
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Jin Won Hyun, Joo Mi Yi, Mee Jung Ahn, Yu Jae Hyun, Kyoung Ah Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, Suk Ju Cho, and Mei Jing Piao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Methyltransferase ,Cell Survival ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Blotting, Western ,lcsh:Medicine ,Apoptosis ,medicine.disease_cause ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Biochemistry ,Article ,lcsh:Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:QD415-436 ,Luteolin ,Molecular Biology ,Chemistry ,lcsh:R ,Promoter ,respiratory system ,DNA Methylation ,Molecular biology ,030104 developmental biology ,DNA demethylation ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,DNA methylation ,Colonic Neoplasms ,Molecular Medicine ,RNA Interference ,Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ,Carcinogenesis ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Chromatin immunoprecipitation ,HT29 Cells ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Luteolin, a dietary flavone, modulates various signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism that underlies the apoptotic effects of luteolin mediated by DNA demethylation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) promoter and the interaction of Nrf2 and p53, a tumor suppressor, in human colon cancer cells. Luteolin increased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and antioxidant enzymes. In DNA methylation, luteolin inhibited the expression of DNA methyltransferases, a transcription repressor, and increased the expression and activity of ten-eleven translocation (TET) DNA demethylases, a transcription activator. Methyl-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite genomic sequencing indicated that luteolin decreased the methylation of the Nrf2 promoter region, which corresponded to the increased mRNA expression of Nrf2. In addition, luteolin increased TET1 binding to the Nrf2 promoter, as determined using a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. TET1 knockdown decreased the percentages of luteolin-treated cells in sub-G1 phase and cells with fragmented nuclei. Furthermore, complex formation between p53 and Nrf2 was involved in the apoptotic effects of luteolin. These results provide insight into the mechanism that underlies the anticancer effects of luteolin on colon cancer, which involve the upregulation of Nrf2 and its interaction with the tumor suppressor., Cancer: Cell-killing plant compound exerts antioxidant effects A molecule found in fruits, vegetables and herbs helps kill colon cancer cells by activating a master regulator of detoxifying enzymes. Jin Won Hyun from Jeju National University School of Medicine in South Korea and colleagues treated human colon cancer cells with luteolin, a molecule that occurs naturally in many food plants. They showed that luteolin increased the levels of proteins involved in cell death and antioxidant responses by causing DNA-modifying enzymes to strip suppressive chemical markers off the gene encoding Nrf2, a protein that regulates antioxidant effects. Nrf2 levels subsequently increased and the protein interacted with the tumor suppressor p53 to facilitate destruction of the colon cancer cells. The findings offer a mechanistic basis for using luteolin to help prevent and treat cancer.
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- 2019
39. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid protects human keratinocytes against environmental oxidative damage
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Ao Xuan Zhen, Mee Jung Ahn, Yu Jae Hyun, Yea Seong Ryu, Suk Ju Cho, Tae Hoon Kim, Jin Won Hyun, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Young Sang Koh, and Hee Kyoung Kang
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0301 basic medicine ,Antioxidant ,DNA damage ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Protein Carbonylation ,Human keratinocyte ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,PM2.5 ,Lipid peroxidation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,medicine ,TX341-641 ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Cell damage ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,integumentary system ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,ROS ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid ,medicine.disease ,040401 food science ,Molecular biology ,HaCaT ,chemistry ,UVB ,Food Science - Abstract
Skin is exposed to several harmful environmental effects including ultraviolet B (UVB) and air pollution, the most harmful component of which is particulate matter (PM). Damaging effects of UVB and PM include the generation of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, DNA damage, and apoptosis. A compound with the potential to protect the skin against environmental oxidative damage is 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (DQA), an antioxidant found in plant matter, including the coffee bean. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of DQA against UVB- and PM-induced oxidative cell damage in cultured human keratinocytes (HaCaT). We demonstrated that UVB, and PM with a diameter
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- 2019
40. Shikonin Exerts Cytotoxic Effects in Human Colon Cancers by Inducing Apoptotic Cell Death via the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria-Mediated Pathways
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, Yea Seong Ryu, Jin Won Hyun, Xia Han, Hyun Min Kim, Yu Jae Hyun, and Ao Xuan Zhen
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0301 basic medicine ,Pharmacology ,Chemistry ,Human colon cancer ,Endoplasmic reticulum ,Apoptosis ,Mitochondrion ,Apoptotic body ,Biochemistry ,Mitochondria ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell culture ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,DNA fragmentation ,Original Article ,Shikonin ,Protein kinase A - Abstract
The apoptotic effects of shikonin (5,8-dihydroxy-2-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-enyl]naphthalene-1,4-dione) on the human colon cancer cell line SNU-407 were investigated in this study. Shikonin showed dose-dependent cytotoxic activity against SNU-407 cells, with an estimated IC50 value of 3 μM after 48 h of treatment. Shikonin induced apoptosis, as evidenced by apoptotic body formation, sub-G1 phase cells, and DNA fragmentation. Shikonin induced apoptotic cell death by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase family members, and the apoptotic process was mediated by the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to activation of the PERK/elF2α/CHOP apoptotic pathway, and mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation. Shikonin increased mitochondrial membrane depolarization and altered the levels of apoptosis-related proteins, with a decrease in B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 and an increase in Bcl-2-associated X protein, and subsequently, increased expression of cleaved forms of caspase-9 and -3. Taken together, we suggest that these mechanisms, including MAPK signaling and the ER- and mitochondria-mediated pathways, may underlie shikonin-induced apoptosis related to its anticancer effect.
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- 2019
41. 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Enhances the Level of Reduced Glutathione via the Nrf2-Mediated Pathway in Human Keratinocytes
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Ki Cheon Kim, Yu Jae Hyun, Susara Ruwan Kumara Madduma Hewage, Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Hee Kyoung Kang, Young Sang Koh, Mee Jung Ahn, and Jin Won Hyun
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3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde ,glutathione ,oxidative stress ,glutathione synthetase ,NF-E2 related factor 2 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
A natural bromophenol found in seaweeds, 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB), has been shown to possess antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which BDB protects skin cells subjected to oxidative stress. The effect of BDB on the protein and mRNA levels of glutathione-related enzymes and the cell survival of human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) was investigated. BDB treatment increased the protein and mRNA levels of glutathione synthesizing enzymes and enhanced the production of reduced glutathione in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, BDB activated NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and promoted its localization into the nucleus by phosphorylating its up-stream signaling proteins, extracellular signal–regulated kinase and protein kinase B. Thus, BDB increased the production of reduced glutathione and established cellular protection against oxidative stress via an Nrf2-mediated pathway.
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- 2017
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42. The Red Algae Compound 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Protects Human Keratinocytes on Oxidative Stress-Related Molecules and Pathways Activated by UVB Irradiation
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Mei Jing Piao, Kyoung Ah Kang, Yea Seong Ryu, Kristina Shilnikova, Jeong Eon Park, Yu Jae Hyun, Ao Xuan Zhen, Hee Kyoung Kang, Young Sang Koh, Mee Jung Ahn, and Jin Won Hyun
- Subjects
3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde ,ultraviolet B ,matrix metalloproteinase-1 ,activator protein-1 ,mitogen-activated protein kinases ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Skin exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS cause aging of the skin via basement membrane/extracellular matrix degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). We recently demonstrated that 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB), a natural compound of red algae, had a photo-protective effect against UVB-induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes. The present study focused on the effect of BDB on UVB-irradiated photo-aging in HaCaT keratinocytes and the underlying mechanism. BDB significantly impeded MMP-1 activation and expression, and abrogated the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and intracellular Ca2+ level in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. Moreover, BDB decreased the expression levels of c-Fos and phospho-c-Jun and the binding of activator protein-1 to the MMP-1 promoter induced by UVB irradiation. These results offer evidence that BDB is potentially useful for the prevention of UVB-irradiated skin damage.
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- 2017
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43. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Protects High Glucose-Damaged Neuronal Cells against Oxidative Stress
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Ao Xuan Zhen, Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando, Hee Kyoung Kang, Mee Jung Ahn, Jin Won Hyun, Mei Jing Piao, Yu Jae Hyun, Yea Seong Ryu, and Suk Ju Cho
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0301 basic medicine ,Diabetic neuropathy ,Pharmacology ,7,8-Dihydroxyflavone ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Lipid peroxidation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Drug Discovery ,Medicine ,Caspase ,biology ,business.industry ,Superoxide ,virus diseases ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Oxidative stress ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Toxicity ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,Original Article ,High glucose ,business - Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered a major contributor in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy and in diabetes complications, such as nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetic neuropathy, which is the most frequent complications of diabetes, affect sensory, motor, and autonomic nerves. This study aimed to investigate whether 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) protects SH-SY5Y neuronal cells against high glucose-induced toxicity. In the current study, we found that diabetic patients exhibited higher lipid peroxidation caused by oxidative stress than healthy subjects. 7,8-DHF exhibits superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. High glucose-induced toxicity severely damaged SH-SY5Y neuronal cells, causing mitochondrial depolarization; however, 7,8-DHF recovered mitochondrial polarization. Furthermore, 7,8-DHF effectively modulated the expression of pro-apoptotic protein (Bax) and anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) under high glucose, thus inhibiting the activation of caspase signaling pathways. These results indicate that 7,8-DHF has antioxidant effects and protects cells from apoptotic cell death induced by high glucose. Thus, 7,8-DHF may be developed into a promising candidate for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.
- Published
- 2018
44. Correction: Kang, K.A.; et al., Myricetin Protects Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis via Regulation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11, 4348–4360
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Kyoung Ah Kang, Zhi Hong Wang, Rui Zhang, Mei Jing Piao, Ki Cheon Kim, Sam Sik Kang, Young Woo Kim, Jongsung Lee, Deokhoon Park, and Jin Won Hyun
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n/a ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The authors want to change Figure 1 of the paper published in IJMS [1]. In Figure 1, 5-position of OH was at 6-position. Therefore, Figure 1 is revised as follows. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused to the readers by this change.[...]
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- 2015
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45. Phloroglucinol attenuates motor functional deficits in an animal model of Parkinson's disease by enhancing Nrf2 activity.
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Junghwa Ryu, Rui Zhang, Bo-Hyun Hong, Eun-Jung Yang, Kyoung Ah Kang, Moonseok Choi, Ki Cheon Kim, Su-Jin Noh, Hee Soo Kim, Nam-Ho Lee, Jin Won Hyun, and Hye-Sun Kim
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) has therapeutic effects in cellular and animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is the second most common, chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease, and is clinically characterized with motor dysfunctions such as bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability, gait impairment, and resting tremor. In the brains of PD patients, dopaminergic neuronal loss is observed in the Substantia nigra. Although the exact mechanisms underlying PD are largely unknown, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are thought to be critical factors that induce the onset of the disease. Here, phloroglucinol administration was shown to attenuate motor functional deficits evaluated with rota-rod and apomorphine-induced rotation tests in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD animal models. Moreover, phloroglucinol ameliorated the loss of synapses as assessed with protein levels and immunoreactivity against synaptophysin in the midbrain region of the 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. In addition, in SH-SY5Y cultures, the cytotoxicity of 6-OHDA was reduced by pre-treatment with phloroglucinol. The increase in the reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl formation and 8-hydroxyguanine caused by treatment with 6-OHDA was attenuated by phloroglucinol in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, phloroglucinol treatment rescued the reduced levels of nuclear Nrf2, antioxidant enzymes, i.e., catalase and glutathione peroxidase, in 6-OHDA-treated cells. Taken together, phloroglucinol has a therapeutic potential for treatment of PD.
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- 2013
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46. Non-thermal dielectric-barrier discharge plasma induces reactive oxygen species by epigenetically modifying the expression of NADPH oxidase family genes in keratinocytes
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Joo Mi Yi, Sangheum Eom, Seong Bong Kim, Seung-min Ryu, Sung-Young Yoon, Kyoung Ah Kang, Mei Jing Piao, and Jin Won Hyun
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0301 basic medicine ,Keratinocytes ,Small interfering RNA ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Repressor ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Mixed Function Oxygenases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins ,medicine ,Humans ,Epigenetics ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Reactive oxygen species ,NADPH oxidase ,DNA methylation ,biology ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,NADPH Oxidases ,Dielectric-barrier discharge plasma ,Cell biology ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,NADPH Oxidase 5 ,NADPH Oxidase 4 ,NOX1 ,biology.protein ,NOX family ,NADPH Oxidase 1 ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Histone modification ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Oxidation-Reduction ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress ,Research Paper - Abstract
We have previously shown that non-thermal dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) plasma induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells; however, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. This study aimed to identify the mechanisms through which DBD plasma induces the expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) family members by epigenetic modification in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Cell exposure to DBD plasma in 10% oxygen and 90% argon resulted in the generation of ROS, triggering oxidative stress that manifested in various forms, including lipid membrane peroxidation, DNA base modification, and protein carbonylation. DBD plasma upregulated the expression of NOX1, NOX5, and DUOX2 at the mRNA and protein levels; and siRNAs targeting NOX1, NOX5, and DUOX2 attenuated the generation of DBD plasma-induced ROS. DBD plasma upregulated the transcriptional activators TET1, MLL1, and HAT1 and downregulated the transcriptional repressors DNMT1, EZH2, and HDAC1. Additionally, DBD plasma increased the binding of transcriptional activators and decreased the binding of transcriptional repressors to the DUOX2 promoter. Methyl-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite sequencing indicated that DBD plasma decreased methylation at the DUOX2 promoter. These results suggest that DBD plasma induces ROS generation by enhancing the expression of the NOX system through epigenetic DNA and histone modifications., Graphical abstract Non-thermal dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) plasma induces ROS by enhancing the expression of the NOX system. Exposure to non-thermal, DBD plasma induces epigenetic changes in keratinocytes that prompt the competitive binding of TET1, HAT1, and MLL1 to the DUOX2 promoter, thereby displacing DNMTs, HDAC1, and EZH2, and inducing the expression of DUOX2.Image 1
- Published
- 2020
47. Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Neurotrophins in an MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease Animal Model: A Randomized Trial
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Kyoung-Ah Kang and Hye-Young Cho
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,animal diseases ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Intraperitoneal injection ,Neurotoxins ,Neuroprotection ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Internal medicine ,Nerve Growth Factor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Nerve Growth Factors ,RNA, Messenger ,Environmental enrichment ,Research and Theory ,biology ,Tyrosine hydroxylase ,Chemistry ,MPTP ,Dopaminergic ,Parkinson Disease ,nervous system diseases ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,Nerve growth factor ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,Gene Expression Regulation ,1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ,cardiovascular system ,biology.protein ,Neurotrophin - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental enrichment (EE) on neurotrophin expression in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD was induced via intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Male mice ( N = 42) were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, MPTP + standard condition (SC), and MPTP + EE. The groups were raised separately for 28 days. On Day 21 they received 1 injection (20 mg/kg MPTP or saline for MPTP and control groups, respectively) every 2 hr for a total of 4 injections. Animals were sacrificed 7 days after the final injection and their brains were immediately removed. Neurotrophins and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels were measured. The BCL-2/Bax ratio significantly increased in the MPTP + EE compared to the MPTP + SC group. Nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA level was upregulated (but not significantly) in the MPTP + EE compared to the MPTP + SC group. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression significantly increased in the MPTP + EE compared to the MPTP + SC group. Finally, expressions of proNGF and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) were significantly downregulated in the MPTP + EE compared to the MPTP + SC group. Results confirm that EE has neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic neurons via suppression of activation of the p75NTR-mediated signaling pathway through the binding of proNGF and p75NTR. Findings suggest that use of EE as a therapeutic intervention would promote healthy aging by facilitating recovery following brain injury and preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
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- 2020
48. Mackerel-derived fermented fish oil protects skin against UVB-induced cellular damage by inhibiting oxidative stress
- Author
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Hee Kyoung Kang, Mee Jung Ahn, Young Sang Koh, Jin Won Hyun, Jeong Eon Park, Kristina Shilnikova, Ao Xuan Zhen, Yong Seok Ahn, Yu Jae Hyun, Yea Seong Ryu, Mei Jing Piao, and Kyoung Ah Kang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Antioxidant ,DNA damage ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,medicine.disease_cause ,Lipid peroxidation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,TX341-641 ,Viability assay ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,integumentary system ,Chemistry ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Cell biology ,HaCaT ,030104 developmental biology ,Docosahexaenoic acid ,Apoptosis ,Oxidative stress ,Cytoprotection ,Fermented fish oil ,UVB ,Skin damage ,Food Science - Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of mackerel-derived fermented fish oil (FFO) against UVB radiation-induced oxidative stress in human HaCaT keratinocytes and mouse skin tissue. FFO treatment scavenged UVB-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species and attenuated oxidative modifications including lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and DNA damage. FFO treatment reduced UVB-induced apoptosis by reducing DNA fragmentation, caspase activation, and proapoptotic protein expression. UVB radiation activated phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase, phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and phospho-p38, whereas their specific inhibitors with FFO treatment abrogated the cell viability and apoptosis increased by UVB irradiation. FFO was more cytoprotective than docosahexaenoic acid, the main component of fish oil, against UVB exposure. Furthermore, the cytoprotective effect of FFO was evident in both UVB-exposed HaCaT cell and mouse models. Overall, these results demonstrate that FFO protects the skin against UVB-induced oxidative stress through antioxidant effects. FFO has the potential for development as a functional food against UVB-induced skin damage.
- Published
- 2018
49. A Benzylideneacetophenone Derivative Induces Apoptosis of Radiation-Resistant Human Breast Cancer Cells via Oxidative Stress
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Mei Jing Piao, Jeong Eon Park, Yong Joo Jeong, Yu Jae Hyun, Jin Won Hyun, Kristina Shilnikova, Sungwook Chae, Sei Kwan Oh, and Kyoung Ah Kang
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0301 basic medicine ,Radiation resistance ,Protein Carbonylation ,Cell ,Apoptosis ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Chemistry ,Kinase ,Benzylideneacetophenone derivative ,Molecular biology ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Molecular Medicine ,Original Article ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Benzylideneacetophenone derivative (1E)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) hept-1-en-3-one (JC3) elicited cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cells-radiation resistant cells (MDA-MB 231-RR), in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 6 μM JC3. JC3-mediated apoptosis was confirmed by increase in sub-G1 cell population. JC3 disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced expression of anti-apoptotic B cell lymphoma-2 protein, whereas it increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein, leading to the cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. In addition, JC3 activated mitogen-activated protein kinases, and specific inhibitors of these kinases abrogated the JC3-induced increase in apoptotic bodies. JC3 increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species and enhanced oxidative macromolecular damage via lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and DNA strand breakage. Considering these findings, JC3 is an effective therapy against radiation-resistant human breast cancer cells.
- Published
- 2017
50. Exposure of keratinocytes to non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge plasma increases the level of 8-oxoguanine via inhibition of its repair enzyme
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Jin Oh Jo, Young Sun Mok, Seong Bong Kim, Yeunsoo Park, Suk Jae Yoo, Min Chang Oh, Jennifer Hyunjong Shin, Madduma Hewage Susara Ruwan Kumara, Ki Cheon Kim, Mei Jing Piao, Yea Seong Ryu, Jin Won Hyun, and Kyoung Ah Kang
- Subjects
Keratinocytes ,0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Guanine ,Plasma Gases ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Down-Regulation ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Cell Line ,DNA Glycosylases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,heterocyclic compounds ,Phosphorylation ,Molecular Biology ,Protein kinase B ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,DNA ,Molecular biology ,8-Oxoguanine ,Acetylcysteine ,Up-Regulation ,Oxidative Stress ,HaCaT ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,chemistry ,DNA glycosylase ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Molecular Medicine ,Signal transduction ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Oxidative stress ,DNA Damage - Abstract
Oxidative stress enhances cellular DNA oxidation and may cause mutations in DNA bases, including 8‑oxoguanine (8‑oxoG). Our recent study reported that exposure of cells to non‑thermal dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma generates reactive oxygen species and damages DNA. The present study investigated the effect of non‑thermal DBD plasma exposure on the formation of 8‑oxoG in HaCaT human keratinocytes. Cells exposed to DBD plasma exhibited increased level of 8‑oxoG. In addition, mRNA and protein expression levels of 8‑oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1), an 8‑oxoG repair enzyme, were reduced in plasma‑exposed cells. Furthermore, the expression level of nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that regulates OGG1 gene expression, was reduced following exposure to DBD plasma. Pretreatment of cells with an antioxidant, N‑acetyl cysteine (NAC), prior to plasma exposure suppressed the formation of 8‑oxoG and restored the expression levels of OGG1 and Nrf2. In addition, phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), which regulates the activation of Nrf2, was reduced following plasma exposure. However, phosphorylation was restored by pretreatment with NAC. These findings suggested that non‑thermal DBD plasma exposure generates 8‑oxoG via inhibition of the Akt‑Nrf2‑OGG1 signaling pathway in HaCaT cells.
- Published
- 2017
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