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Isoetes belong to the Class Lycopodiopsida (lycophytes). The genus is generally underrepresented in collections due to a lack of diagnostic characteristics and inconspicuous appearance. The current distribution of Isoetes within Córdoba province is provided in a 1 km2 grid from several sources: (i) herbaria sheets from COA, COFC, MGC, SEV, GDA, and GDAC, (ii) 107 new observations since 2012, and (iii) records from literature and databases. Nine herbaria sheets were correctly determined. The most frequent species was I. histrix, well represented in the northern half of the province. Isoetes durieui, I. longíssima, and I. delilei were much less common. The present work aims to update the current distribution of this genus in Córdoba province (Spain), in which several species are classified as threatened. RESUMEN El género Isoetes pertenece a la clase Lycopodiopsida (Licófitos). El genero está generalmente poco representado en colecciones debido a la falta de caracteres diagnósticos y a ser poco conspicuo. La distribución actual de las especies del género Isoetes en la provincia de Córdoba se proporciona en una resolución de 1 km2 a partir de varias fuentes: (i) pliegos de los herbarios COA, COFC, MGC, SEV, GDA y GDAC; (ii) 107 nuevas observaciones llevadas a cabo desde el año 2012, y (iii) consulta de publicaciones y bases de datos. Nueve pliegos de herbario han sido correctamente identificados. La especie más frecuente es I. histrix, que se presupone bien representada en la mitad norte de la provincia. Isoetes durieui, I. longissima e I. delilei, son menos comunes. Con el presente trabajo se actualiza la distribución de este género en la provincia de Córdoba (España), donde algunas de sus especies están catalogadas como amenazadas.

The most suitable land for agricultural use has been gradually occupied by crops around the world. Large, uninterrupted croplands have been created, while disproportionate amounts of fertilizers, insecticides, fungicides and herbicides are applied on them. As a result, agricultural activity has a negative impact on biodiversity the ecological intensification of cultivated lands has become necessary. Multifunctional Margins (MFM), the establishment of native flora margins adjacent to croplands, provide a semi-natural habitat for food and wildlife refuge. Three different species mixtures sown in MFM were studied in this paper. The large capacity of six species used in MFM (Borago officinalis, Glebionis coronaria, Coriandrum sativum, Sinapis alba, Trifolium resupinatum and Vicia sativa) was determined. Reductions of up to 65% in the appearance of weeds and increases of 36% in pollinator biodiversity in sown MFM with respect to the MFM of spontaneous flora were observed. The biodiversity of the epigeal fauna increased by 15% in the MFM of spontaneous flora and by 32% in sown MFM, with respect to annual crops.

This is the accepted manuscript of the paper "Trends in evergreen oak suitability from assembled species distribution models: assessing climate change in south-western Europe", published as final paper in "New Forests49,471–487 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-018-9629-5”. (The final publication is available at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11056-018-9629-5) Abstract Questions: Will evergreen oaks be harmed or favoured by the expected global change? How could they interact? What is the trend along the twenty-first century regarding dominance or codominance among evergreen oaks? Location: Western Europe. Methods: We analysed four evergreen oaks (Quercus ilex subsp. ilex, Q. ilex subsp. ballota, Q. suber and Q. coccifera) by means of Species Distribution Models (SDMs). Three algorithms were used: Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), Logistic Regression (LR) and Environmental Distance (EnvDis). Taxa occurrences were taken especially from the National Forests Inventories (NFI), whereas environmental data was retrieved from WorldClim 1.4 project. Present period and four future scenarios (RCP 4.5 2050, RCP 4.5 2070, RCP 8.5 2050 and RCP 8.5 2070) were studied. The latters were carried out by the average of thirteen Global Circulation Models (GCMs). Consensus maps were built taking into account AUC values, which also were necessary for validating the models. Finally, a map pointing out the dominance and codominance among evergreen oaks was developed. Results: Evergreen oaks would be benefited from the forecasted environmental conditions according to our results. Due to their spread in Western Europe, evergreen oaks would find new suitable areas for growing, leading to an increment of mixed forests or, in other words, a raise in the codominance among them. Conclusions: This work deals with the uncertain future on evergreen oaks facing climate change. The use of different algorithms and GCMs, as well as the high validation values obtained, confer robustness to this study. Oaks play a significant role in vegetation and forestry. Moreover, they are an important resource of income, especially Q. ilex subsp. ballota and Q. suber. Our findings might be highly useful for understanding the dynamics of evergreen oaks; the first step for carrying out management programmes, aiming to conserve this natural heritage.

Durante las dos últimas décadas los cambios en el uso del suelo, como la intensificación de la agricultura, han provocado un impacto ambiental sin precedentes. La pérdida y fragmentación de los hábitats ha aislado y puesto en peligro a numerosas especies y especialmente a aquellas relacionadas con el paisaje agrario y ruderal. Plagionotus andreui (Fuente, 1908) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) es un endemismo ibérico con una distribución dispersa por la mitad sur de la península ibérica y siempre muy localizada. Actualmente, se encuentra amenazado debido al declive de su planta hospedadora Lavatera triloba L. (Malvaceae) como consecuencia del cambio en el uso del suelo, especialmente por la intensificación de la agricultura. Debido a esto la planta ha quedado relegada a setos aislados o comportándose como viaria, constituyendo poblaciones muy fragmentadas y con bajas densidades de individuos. En el presente trabajo se actualiza la distribución de L. triloba y de P. andreui en Andalucía. P. andreui se cita por primera vez en las provincias de Huelva y Granada y se aportan tres nuevas localidades en las provincias de Sevilla y Jaén. El estado actual de algunas poblaciones de L. triloba y las amenazas detectadas y potenciales son revisados a escala de rodal en Andalucía. Los resultados generados de las observaciones realizadas permiten proponer acciones de conservación autonómicas para esta malvácea. Algunas de estas acciones son el seguimiento de las poblaciones conocidas, búsqueda de nuevas localidades de presencia, recolecta y conservación de semillas en bancos de germoplasma, cultivo de plantas en la Red de Viveros de Andalucía, refuerzo de poblaciones y reintroducción en áreas de presencia histórica. Estas propuestas podrían ayudar a conservar y mejorar este amenazado binomio específico hospedador-huésped en Andalucía. During the last two decades land use changes such as intensive agriculture have led to an environmental impact without precedents. Loss and fragmentation of habitats have isolated and threatened several species, especially those related to arable lands and ruderal areas. Plagionotus andreui (Fuente, 1908) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) is an Iberian endemic species with a scattered distribution along the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. Currently, the species is highly threatened due to decline of its host plant Lavatera triloba L. (Malvaceae). This decline is the result of the land use changes (increase of the arable land) within the distribution area. As a consequence, this plant has been relegated to isolated populations in roadsides and crop edges with low population sizes. In the present survey, the distribution of P. andreui and L. triloba is updated. P. andreui is recorded for first time in the provinces of Huelva and Granada. Three new locations in the provinces of Seville and Jaen are provided. The current status of L. triloba populations and potential and observed threats in the known occurrence localities in Andalusia are evaluated at the patch scale. Conservation actions for L. triloba are proposed. These actions could include the monitoring of known populations, locating new populations, collection and preservation of seeds in seed banks, growing plants in the Andalusian nursery network, strengthening of populations, reintroduction in historical patches of occurrence. These proposals could be of help to preserve this threatened specific host-guest complex in Andalusia.